Packet Loss & RTT Calculation

Method

Banjarmasin
June 1, 2017
 NOKIA PACKET LOSS CALCULATION METHOD

1. Nokia uses Two Way Active Protocol Measurement Protocol (TWAMP) based on RFC5357, and further
simplified to TWAMP Light.
2. TWAMP is a way to have an indication of quality and performance of the IP MOBILE BACKHAUL by
exchange test packets between two TWAMP entities, further known as TWAMP Sender and TWAMP
Reflector
3. Measures Round Trip Time (RTT), Packet Loss Rate (PLR) and additionally Packet Delay Variation (PDV).
4. Since User Plane is the traffic for end user, Nokia set the TWAMP parameters that reflect U-Plane
traffic (IP Address of TWAMP Sender and Reflector, Packet Size, DSCP)
5. In 3G network, use NodeB as TWAMP Sender and RNC as TWAMP Reflector that will indicate the
performance of the IP MOBILE BACKHAUL of an IuB interface. Nokia set 3 sessions to imitate RT
Traffic, NRT Traffic and HSPA Traffic.

Access
RNC
NodeB Sent TWAMP Messages Router
(vrf IuB)

Reflected TWAMP Messages

(vrf IuB)

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 NOKIA PACKET LOSS METHOD

5. For LTE Network, to better reflect the condition of IP MOBILE BACKHAUL for S1-U interface, it is
suggested to have TWAMP Reflector or UDP Echo at SGW site. Since still does not have TWAMP
Reflector at SGW site yet, it is agreed to use RNC that co-located with Access Router to indicate
performance of ACCESS IP MOBILE BACKHAUL.

Note that we can not measure the quality of end-to-end transport (eNB to SGW) performance because of
that, only up until Access Router only.

eNB Sent TWAMP Messages Access RNC

(vrf lte-uplane) Router

Reflected TWAMP Messages

(vrf lte-uplane)

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 TWAMP Packet Loss Measurement

1. Since test packets contain sequence numbering, it

is possible to measure Packet Loss Rate by TWAMP
Sender
2. Session Reflector copies the sequence number
from received test packet to the packet that is to
be transmitted back

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 TWAMP RTT Measurement

1. RTT Measurement if use TWAMP Reflector

RTT = (RTSS-TTSR) + (RTSR-TTSS)

TTSS RTSR
T T
S TWAMP message containing TTSS S
G G

T T
Reflected TWAMP message containing
S S
TTSS, RTSR,and TTSR
TWAMP G G TWAMP
RTSS TTSR
Sender Reflector

TSG: Time Stamp Generator

TTSS : Transmit TimeStamp at Sender
RTSR: Receive TimeStamp at Receiver
TTSR: Transmit TimeStamp at Receiver
RTSS: Receive TimeStamp at Sender

2. RTT Measurement if use UDP Echo

RTT = RTSS-TTSS

TTSS
T
S TWAMP message containing TTSS
G

T
Reflected TWAMP message containing
S
TTSS
TWAMP G UDP Echo
RTSS
Sender Server
TSG: Time Stamp Generator
TTSS : Transmit TimeStamp at Sender
RTSS: Receive TimeStamp at Sender

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 NOKIA 3G TWAMP FORMULA

IP TWAMP Packet Lost Ratio (%) = 100 * lostTwampMessages

txTwampMessages

Round Trip Time (miliseconds) = maxRTT_15Min

1000

Packet Delay Variation (miliseconds) = (maxRTT_15Min avgRTT_15Min)

1000

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 NOKIA 4G TWAMP FORMULA

IP TWAMP Packet Lost Ratio (%) = 100 * lostTwampMessages

txTwampMessages

Round Trip Time (miliseconds) = maxRTT_15Min

1000

Packet Delay Variation (miliseconds) = (maxRTT_15Min avgRTT_15Min)

1000

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 ERICSSON 3G PACKET LOSS FORMULA

1. Ericsson uses counters related to frame loss to monitor High Speed data service in the downlink
direction.

Packet Loss SpiXX (%) = 100 * IuBDataStreams.pmHsDataFramesLostSpiXX

IuBDataStreams.pmHsDataFramesReceivedSpiXX+IuBDataStreams.pmHsDataFramesLostSpiXX

RBS RNC

MAC-d
With the use of Sequence Number in MAC PDU, receiver
can detect if theres a frame loss that can be an
indication that theres packet loss in the transport
network

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 ERICSSON 3G RTT FORMULA

2. Ericsson uses maximum dynamic delay between RNC and RBS on the radio network layer based on
Node synchronization.

RTT (miliseconds) = 2 * pmIubLinkDynamicDelayMax

RNC RBS

15. CCH FP (FACH): DL Node Synchronisation (T1)

16. CCH FP (FACH): UL Node Synchronisation (T1, T2, T3)

sampleIntervalSup

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 ERICSSON 4G PACKET LOSS & RTT FORMULA

1. Ericsson uses counters related to SCTP of X2-MME logical connection between eNB and MME

SCTP Data Chunk Retransmission Rate (%) = 100 * pmRtChunks

pmRtChunks + pmOutDataChunks

eNB MME
S1-MME
SCTP will retransmit data if theres a
packet loss indication

X2-AP

Adj eNB

2. No RTT measurement method

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 Summary

ERICSSON NOKIA
Items to be
Protocol Remarks Protocol Remarks Similar Measurement with Ericsson
Measured
HSUPA congestion rate in Iub =
100*SUM
(IUB_DELAY_CC_DELAY_IND
+HW_OVERL_CC_DELAY_IND

+IUB_LOSS_CC_FRAME_LOSS_IND
3G Packet Loss Frame Protocol of Only measures packet loss
Rate HSPA rate of HSPA Traffic +IUB_DELAY_CC_FRAME_LOSS_IND
Strength :
Parameters can be set to imitate
+HW_OVERL_CC_FRAME_LOSS_IND)
the traffic that wanted to be
-------------------------------
TWAMP Light measured (RT, NRT, HSPA, NBAP,
SUM (MISSED_EDCH_FRAMES
based on S1-MME, S1-U, X2-AP etc)
+DELAYED_EDCH_FRAMES
RFC5357
+SUCC_REC_EDCH_FRAMES)
Dependency :
Node
Only measures delay of node Need peers that is set as TWAMP
3G RTT Synchronization N/A
synchronization Reflector or UDP Echo
(over FACH)
S1 interface SCTP unsuccessful
Only measures SCTP traffic
transmission ratio = 100 - (100*
(Control Plane). Since SCTP is
4G Packet Loss SCTP of S1-MME sum(SCTP_S1CHSNT)
for Signaling, it will be given
Rate interface /
higher priority than User Plane
sum(SCTP_S1CHSNT+SCTP_S1CHRS
Traffic.
NT))
4G RTT No measurement

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