Natural And Ergogenic

Supplements

1
 Supplements

Natural
Herbal
Nutraceutical any dietary or nutritional supplement
used for general health benefits

2
 Dietary Supplement Health And
Education Act

Can commercially promote a natural substance claiming:

Improved function
Improved health
Cannot claim the supplement will affect a disease process

3
 For a dietary supplement to be a food, it must contain
one or more of the following
Vitamins, minerals, herbs, amino acids, metabolites, etc
Can assist with the nutritional needs of humans

4
 who and how many people use supplements to
enhance performance? Not known

Testimonials; no scientific evidence

Information from coaches, teammates, athletic

trainer

5
 Understanding Natural

Generally accepted as anything that is not artificial or

that is produced by nature
Comes from earth and necessary for human function
The body will easily assimilate the product
Public equates natural with safety

6
 Anything put into the body has potential to
create a negative response
Children at a greater risk
Studies in 1998
1990 1997: herbal remedy use up 380%
47% of general public use herbal medicines
18% of herbal medicine users do not tell their physician

7
 Risk Factors

Identification of substances in herbal products is

currently not possible
1 100s of active chemical substances
Contamination
Heavy metals, bacteria, pesticides

8
 Risk Factors

Four basic risks

Purity of the herbal supplement
Toxic side effects
Interactive effects with other drugs or herbs
Drug contamination growth, production, bottling, etc.

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 Supplement Purity

Ingredients on label are not always actual amount

found in container
Not even included, amounts too high or too low
When amount is not disclosed reliably, numerous
different types of problems may result

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 Green et al (2001):
11 of the 12 products tested did not meet the labeling
standards required by law
One product contained 77% more of the supplement
than was indicated on the label
11 products contained less of the supplement than
indicated

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 Supplement Toxicity

Toxicity based on:

Dose of the herb
Other drugs or herbs being taken
Duration and frequency of exposure to the herb
Reactions vary:
Skin rashes, hepatic toxicity, death
Energy boosters, weight control, pain control,
anti-inflammatory, anti-depressants

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 Supplement Interactions

Interaction of supplements with other medications

Can reduce effectiveness of medications
Adverse effects

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Table 13-1: Examples of Herbal/Drug
Interactions (pg 183)

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 Supplement Contamination

Production and manufacture

Species of the plant
Soil
Fertility and overall growing environment
Part of the plant
Extraction method

15
 Natural Ergogenic Aids

Ergogenic having the ability to increase work,

especially to increase the potential for work
May allow athlete to participate in activity longer or
respond more quickly to a stimulus
Will NOT increase skill level

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 Sports Drinks

Marketing
Replace fluids and electrolytes
Athletes preference (taste)
Gatorade
Research varies

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 Energy Drinks

Energy booster
Caffeine
Upset stomach
Diuretic effect
Detect in drug tests
Possible problems with drinks with /added herbal or
natural substances

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Table 13-3: Energy, Carbohydrate, and Additional
Ingredients Found in Selected Sports Drinks

19
 Table 13-3: Energy, Carbohydrate, and Additional
Ingredients Found in Selected Sports Drinks (cont.)

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What is in a sports drink ?

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 Dietary Techniques
Carbohydrate loading
Zone Diet
Vitamins and Minerals
Amino Acids
Aids in rebuilding damaged tissues
Controversial
glucosamine

Zone diet is a high-fat, low carbohydrate fad diet devised by biochemist Barry Sears.
It specifies the consumption of calories from carbohydrates and protein in a specified
ratio, recommending eating five times a day to create a sense of satiety that
discourages overeating.
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 Whey Protein
Derived from milk
Aids in repair of damaged muscle and even increase size
and overall capability of the muscle

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 Erythropoietin Alpha (EPO)
Blood product that signals body to produce RBCs
RBCs deliver oxygen to muscles, organs, tissues
Endurance athletes
Not easily detected by drug testing
blood doping"

Epoetin alfa / EPO is human erythropoietin 24

produced in cell culture using recombinant
DNA technology