Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Example:
See RingVM_CFunctionsList()
Example:
test()
func test
see ringvm_functionslist()
Output:
test
8
B:/ring/tests/scripts/functionslist.ring
0
Example:
see ringvm_classeslist()
class class1
func f1
class class2 from class1
class class3 from class1
Output:
class1
9
f1
13
B:/ring/tests/scripts/classeslist.ring
0
0
00000000
class2
16
class1
0
00000000
class3
20
class1
0
00000000
Example:
see ringvm_packageslist()
package package1
class class1
package package2
class class1
package package3
class class1
Output:
package1
class1
11
0
00FEF838
package2
class1
17
0
00FEF978
package3
class1
23
0
00FEFF68
Example:
x = 10
test()
func test
y = 20
see ringvm_memorylist()
Output:
true
2
1
0
0
false
2
0
0
0
nl
1
0
0
null
1
0
0
ring_gettemp_var
4
00000000
0
0
ccatcherror
1
NULL
0
0
ring_settemp_var
4
00000000
0
0
ring_tempflag_var
2
0
0
0
stdin
3
50512DB8
file
0
0
0
stdout
3
50512DD8
file
0
0
0
stderr
3
50512DF8
file
0
0
0
this
4
00000000
0
0
sysargv
3
B:\ring\bin/ring
B:/ring/tests/scripts/memorylist.ring
0
0
x
2
10
0
0
y
2
20
0
0
Example:
hello()
func hello
test()
func test
mylist = ringvm_calllist()
for t in mylist see t[2] + nl next
Output:
Example:
load "stdlib.ring"
see ringvm_fileslist()
Output:
B:/ring/tests/scripts/fileslist.ring
B:\ring\bin\stdlib.ring
eval
stdlib.ring
stdlib.rh
stdclasses.ring
stdfunctions.ring
stdbase.ring
stdstring.ring
stdlist.ring
stdstack.ring
stdqueue.ring
stdmath.ring
stddatetime.ring
stdfile.ring
stdsystem.ring
stddebug.ring
stddatatype.ring
stdconversion.ring
stdodbc.ring
stdmysql.ring
stdsecurity.ring
stdinternet.ring
stdhashtable.ring
stdtree.ring
FIFTYNINE
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter we will learn about embedding Ring in Ring programs and applications.
From Ring 1.0 we already have functions for embedding Ring in the C language. Also we can execute Ring code
inside Ring programs using the eval() function. In this release we provide functions for embedding Ring in Ring
programs without sharing the state.
Advantages:
1. Quick integration for Ring programs and applications together without conflicts.
2. Execute and run Ring code in safe environments that we can trace.
Example:
pState = ring_state_init()
ring_state_runcode(pState,"See 'Hello, World!'+nl")
ring_state_runcode(pState,"x = 10")
pState2 = ring_state_init()
ring_state_runcode(pState2,"See 'Hello, World!'+nl")
ring_state_runcode(pState2,"x = 20")
ring_state_runcode(pState,"see x +nl")
ring_state_runcode(pState2,"see x +nl")
v1 = ring_state_findvar(pState,"x")
v2 = ring_state_findvar(pState2,"x")
see v1[3] + nl
see V2[3] + nl
ring_state_delete(pState)
ring_state_delete(pState2)
Output:
Hello, World!
Hello, World!
10
20
10
20
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SIXTY
We can extend the Ring Virtual Machine (RingVM) by adding new functions written in the C programming language
or C++. The RingVM comes with many functions written in C that we can call like any Ring function.
We can extend the language by writing new functions then rebuilding the RingVM again, or we can create shared
library (DLL/So) file to extend the RingVM without the need to rebuild it.
The Ring language source code comes with two files to add new modules to the RingVM, ring_ext.h and ring_ext.c
60.1 ring_ext.h
The file ring_ext.h contains constants that we can change to include/exclude modules during the build process.
#ifndef ringext_h
#define ringext_h
/* Constants */
#define RING_VM_LISTFUNCS 1
#define RING_VM_REFMETA 1
#define RING_VM_MATH 1
#define RING_VM_FILE 1
#define RING_VM_OS 1
#define RING_VM_MYSQL 1
#define RING_VM_ODBC 1
#define RING_VM_OPENSSL 1
#define RING_VM_CURL 1
#define RING_VM_DLL 1
#endif
60.2 ring_ext.c
The file ring_ext.c check constants defined in ring_ext.h before calling the start-up function in each module.
Each module contains a function that register the module functions in the RingVM.
#include "ring.h"
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Ring Documentation, Release 1.3
/* List Functions */
#if RING_VM_LISTFUNCS
ring_vm_listfuncs_loadfunctions(pRingState);
#endif
/* Math */
#if RING_VM_MATH
ring_vm_math_loadfunctions(pRingState);
#endif
/* File */
#if RING_VM_FILE
ring_vm_file_loadfunctions(pRingState);
#endif
/* OS */
#if RING_VM_OS
ring_vm_os_loadfunctions(pRingState);
#endif
/* MySQL */
#if RING_VM_MYSQL
ring_vm_mysql_loadfunctions(pRingState);
#endif
/* ODBC */
#if RING_VM_ODBC
ring_vm_odbc_loadfunctions(pRingState);
#endif
/* OPENSSL */
#if RING_VM_OPENSSL
ring_vm_openssl_loadfunctions(pRingState);
#endif
/* CURL */
#if RING_VM_CURL
ring_vm_curl_loadfunctions(pRingState);
#endif
/* DLL */
#if RING_VM_DLL
ring_vm_dll_loadfunctions(pRingState);
#endif
}
Each module starts by include the ring header file (ring.h). This files contains the Ring API that we can use to extend
the RingVM.
Each module comes with a function to register the module functions in the RingVM The registration is done by using
ring_vm_funcregister() function.
The ring_vm_funcregister() function takes two parameters, the first is the function name that will be used by Ring
programs to call the function. The second parameter is the function pointer in the C program.
for example, the ring_vmmath.c module contains the next code to register the module functions
#include "ring.h"