IP Code - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.

org/wiki/IP_Code

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The IP Code, International Protection Marking, IEC standard 60529, sometimes interpreted as Ingress
Protection Marking,[1] classifies and rates the degree of protection provided against the intrusion (including
body parts such as hands and fingers), dust, accidental contact, and water by mechanical casings and electrical
enclosures. It is published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).[2][3]

The standard aims to provide users more detailed information than vague marketing terms such as waterproof.
The digits (characteristic numerals) indicate conformity with the conditions summarized in the tables below.
Where there is no protection rating with regard to one of the criteria, the digit is replaced with the letter X.

For example, an electrical socket rated IP22 is protected against insertion of fingers and will not be damaged or
become unsafe during a specified test in which it is exposed to vertically or nearly vertically dripping water.
Another example is the Sony Xperia Z Ultra, one of the first cellular phones to be IP-rated; it is rated at IP58
and marketed as "dust resistant" and can be "immersed in 1.5 meters of freshwater for up to 30 minutes".[4]
Other examples include the Samsung Galaxy S5 and the Fluke 27 II & 28 II Digital Multimeters, rated at IP67,
also with a high degree of resistance to dust and water.[5] IP22 or 2X are typical minimum requirements for the
design of electrical accessories for indoor use.

1 Code breakdown
1.1 Solid particle protection
1.2 Liquid ingress protection
1.3 Additional letters
1.4 Mechanical impact resistance
2 IPXX Codings
3 IP69K
4 NEMA rating
5 See also
6 References
7 External links

VIP Solid particle Liquid ingress Mechanical impact Other

verification protection protection resistance protections
VIP Single numeral: 0-6 Single numeral: 0-9 Single numeral: 0-9 Single letter
Mandatory Mandatory Mandatory No longer used Optional

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Solid particle protection

The first digit indicates the level of protection that the enclosure provides against access to hazardous parts (e.g.,
electrical conductors, moving parts) and the ingress of solid foreign objects.

Object size
Level Effective against
protected against
0 No protection against contact and ingress of objects
Any large surface of the body, such as the back of a hand, but no protection
1 >50 mm
against deliberate contact with a body part
2 >12.5 mm Fingers or similar objects
3 >2.5 mm Tools, thick wires, etc.
4 >1 mm Most wires, screws, etc.
Ingress of dust is not entirely prevented, but it must not enter in sufficient
5 Dust protected quantity to interfere with the satisfactory operation of the equipment; complete
protection against contact (dust proof)
6 Dust tight No ingress of dust; complete protection against contact (dust tight)

Liquid ingress protection

The second digit indicates the level of protection that the enclosure provides against harmful ingress of water.[6]

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Level Protected against Testing for Details

0 Not protected
Test duration: 10 minutes
Dripping water (vertically falling drops)
1 Dripping water Water equivalent to 1 mm rainfall per
shall have no harmful effect.
minute

Vertically dripping water shall have no Test duration: 10 minutes

Dripping water
harmful effect when the enclosure is tilted
2 when tilted up to Water equivalent to 3 mm rainfall per
at an angle up to 15 from its normal
15 minute
position.

Test duration: 5 minutes

Water falling as a spray at any angle up to
3 Spraying water 60 from the vertical shall have no harmful Water volume: 0.7 litres per minute
effect. Pressure: 80100 kPa

Test duration: 5 minutes

Water splashing against the enclosure from
4 Splashing of water Water volume: 10 litres per minute
any direction shall have no harmful effect.
Pressure: 80100 kPa

Test duration: at least 15 minutes

Water projected by a nozzle (6.3 mm)
5 Water jets against enclosure from any direction shall Water volume: 12.5 litres per minute
have no harmful effects. Pressure: 30 kPa at distance of 3 m

Test duration: at least 3 minutes

Water projected in powerful jets (12.5 mm
Powerful water
6 nozzle) against the enclosure from any Water volume: 100 litres per minute
jets
direction shall have no harmful effects. Pressure: 100 kPa at distance of 3 m

Water projected in powerful jets (12.5 mm Test duration: at least 3 minutes

Powerful water
nozzle) against the enclosure from any
6K jets with increased Water volume: 75 litres per minute
direction, under elevated pressure, shall
pressure Pressure: 1000 kPa at distance of 3 m
have no harmful effects.

Ingress of water in harmful quantity shall Test duration: 30 minutes

not be possible when the enclosure is
Immersion up to Immersion at depth of at most 1 m
7 immersed in water under defined conditions
1m measured at bottom of device, and at
of pressure and time (up to 1 m of
least 15 cm measured at top of device
submersion).

The equipment is suitable for continuous Test duration: continuous immersion in

immersion in water under conditions which water
Immersion beyond shall be specified by the manufacturer.
8
1m However, with certain types of equipment, Depth specified by manufacturer,
it can mean that water can enter but only in generally up to 3 m

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such a manner that it produces no harmful

effects.
Powerful high
Protected against close-range high pressure,
9k temperature water
high temperature spray downs.
jets

Additional letters

The standard defines additional letters that can be appended to classify only the level of protection against
access to hazardous parts by persons:

Level Protected against access to hazardous parts with

A Back of hand
B Finger
C Tool
D Wire

Further letters can be appended to provide additional information related to the protection of the device:

Letter Meaning
f Oil resistant
H High voltage device
M Device moving during water test
S Device standing still during water test
W Weather conditions

Mechanical impact resistance

An additional number has sometimes been used to specify the resistance of equipment to mechanical impact.
This mechanical impact is identified by the energy needed to qualify a specified resistance level, which is
measured in joules (J). This has now been superseded by the separate 'IK code' specified in EN 62262.

Although dropped from the 3rd edition of IEC 60529 onwards, and not present in the EN version, older
enclosure specifications will sometimes be seen with an optional third IP digit denoting impact resistance. Newer
products are likely to be given an IK rating instead. However there is not an exact correspondence of values
between the old and new standards.

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Dropped IP level Impact energy Equivalent drop mass and height

0
1 0.225 J
2 0.375 J
3 0.5 J
5 2J
7 6J
9 20 J
150 g dropped from 15 cm
250 g dropped from 15 cm
250 g dropped from 20 cm
500 g dropped from 40 cm
1.5 kg dropped from 40 cm
5.0 kg dropped from 40 cm

IK Impact energy
Equivalent impact
number (joules)
00 Unprotected No test
01 0.15 Drop of 200 g object from 7.5 cm height
02 0.2 Drop of 200 g object from 10 cm height
03 0.35 Drop of 200 g object from 17.5 cm height
04 0.5 Drop of 200 g object from 25 cm height
05 0.7 Drop of 200 g object from 35 cm height
06 1 Drop of 500 g object from 20 cm height
07 2 Drop of 500 g object from 40 cm height
08 5 Drop of 1.7 kg object from 29.5 cm height
09 10 Drop of 5 kg object from 20 cm height
10 20 Drop of 5 kg object from 40 cm height

The letter X is used in any place in the code where specifying a digit is meant to be avoided (or indicates
irrelevance based on the common application). There may be various reasons for choosing this coding variant,
such as marketing considerations. Thus, e.g., an IPX7 rating for a consumer device specifies that the device has
water protection up to limited immersion, but deliberately gives no information as to whether the device has any
protection against mechanical ingress or dust. In the case of an IPX7 rating, however, a considerable level of
protection against the ingress of solids can be assumed, as where a liquid ingress protection rating equals 7, the
rating of the protection against solids is rarely below 6, e.g., IP67. Among other common IP ratings using the
letter X are IPX4. IP2X is frequently used on electrical items to specify that the item must prevent finger access
to live terminals, i.e., electrical sockets are IP2X.

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IP
Meaning & Test Standard of the ip 100 water inject flow
Code
IPX0 No special protection
Protected against falling water Equivalent to 3-5mm rainfall per minute for a duration of 10 minutes.
IPX1
Unit is placed in its normal operating position.
Protected against falling water when tilted up to 15 degrees - Same as IPX1 but unit is tested in 4 fixed
IPX2
positions - tilted 15 degrees in each direction from normal operating position.
Protected against spraying water - Water spraying up to 60 degrees from vertical at 10 liters/min at a
IPX3
pressure of 80-100 kN/m2 for 5 min.
IPX4 Protected against splashing water - Same as IPX3 but water is sprayed at all angles.
Protected against water jets - Water projected at all angles through a 6.3mm nozzle at a flow rate of
IPX5
12.5 liters/min at a pressure of 30 kN/m2 for 3 minutes from a distance of 3 meters.
Protected against heavy seas - Water projected at all angles through a 12.5mm nozzle at a flow rate of
IPX6
100 liters/min at a pressure of 100 kN/m2 for 3 minutes from a distance of 3 meters.
IPX7 Protected against water immersion - Immersion for 30 minutes at a depth of 1 meter.
Protected against water submersion - The equipment is suitable for continual submersion in water
IPX8
under conditions which are identified by the manufacturer.

German standard DIN 40050-9 extends the IEC 60529 rating system described above with an IP69K rating for
high-pressure, high-temperature wash-down applications.[7] Such enclosures must not only be dust-tight (IP6X),
but it must also be able to withstand high-pressure and steam cleaning.

The test specifies a spray nozzle that is fed with 80C water at 810 MPa (80100 bar) and a flow rate of
1416 L/min. The nozzle is held 1015 cm from the tested device at angles of 0, 30, 60 and 90 for
30 seconds each. The test device sits on a turntable that rotates once every 12 seconds (5 rpm).

The IP69K test specification was initially developed for road vehicles, especially those that need regular
intensive cleaning (dump trucks, cement mixers, etc.), but it also finds use in other areas (for example, the food
industry and car wash centers).

Min. NEMA Enclosure rating to satisfy IP

IP Code
Code
IP20 1
IP54 3
IP65 4, 4X
IP67 6
IP68 6P

North American enclosure rating systems are defined in NEMA 250, UL 50, UL 508, and CSA C22.2 N. 94.

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ISO 20653
EN 62262 IK code on resistance to mechanical impacts
MIL-STD-810
National Electrical Manufacturers Association
U.S. Military connector specifications for military equivalents
Water Resistant mark on wrist watches and eye bands

1. ^ Understanding the IP (Ingress Protection) Ratings (http://www.maximintegrated.com/app-notes/index.mvp/id/4126)

2. ^ IEC 60529: Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code). International Electrotechnical Commission,
Geneva.
3. ^ IP Ratings vs. NEMA Ratings (http://www.bisonprofab.com/ip-ratings-explained.htm)
4. ^ Sony Xperia Z Ultra LTE (http://store.sony.com/xperia-z-ultra-lte-zid27-XZUC6806//cat-27-catid-Collections-
Z-Ultra-Phones?vva_ColorCode=000000&_t=pfm%3Dcategory)
5. ^ Rugged Multimeters: Fluke 27 II/28 II Industrial Multimeters (http://www.fluke.com/fluke/usen/Digital-
Multimeters/Fluke-27-II-28-II.htm?PID=56056)
6. ^ Ingress Protection: The System of Tests and Meaning of Codes (http://www.ce-mag.com/archive/06/ARG
/bisenius.htm).
7. ^ DIN 40050-9: Straenfahrzeuge; IP-Schutzarten; Schutz gegen Fremdkrper, Wasser und Berhren; Elektrische
Ausrstung [Road vehicles; degrees of protection (IP-code); protection against foreign objects, water and impact;
electrical equipment], May 1993. An English translation of the German original is available from DIN.

USA IP ratings (http://www.dsmt.com/resources/ip-rating-chart) Wikimedia Commons has

Australian IP ratings (http://www.accesscomms.com.au/reference media related to category:IP
code.
/ip.htm)
NEMA vs IP Rating (http://www.lcdenclosure.co.uk/ip-rating.html)
IP Rating information (http://www.lcdtvenclosure.com/ip-rating-standards.html)
IP Rating Illustrated Chart (http://www.2mcctv.com/blog/2011_10_11-ip-rating-chart/)
IP Ratings Explained (http://www.bisonprofab.com/ip-ratings-explained.htm)
Rugged Electronic Devices and Measurement of Ruggedness: A guide to deciphering ruggedness claims
in cell phones, Smart Phones, PDAs &c (http://www.airowireless.com/docs/Ruggedized.pdf) (PDF), Airo
Wireless.
A demonstration of an IP test being carried out (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=be_VKMPmN0c),
YouTube.

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