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Gteborg
Uddevalla
Bors
St Claire & St Francois Wroclaw
Montreal
Plattsburgh
Shanghai
Mexico City
Bangalore
10.000 Buses
8.000 Headcount
Volvo Buses
Volvo Buses
New standard/base offer
-decides the future
Volvo Buses
Volvo Buses
A complete new range
Volvo 7900 Volvo 7900 Gas Volvo 7900 Hybrid Volvo 7900 Plug-in Volvo 7900 Plug-in
Articulated Articulated Articulated Articulated Articulated
Volvo Buses
Drivetrain. Energy and drive modes
-Yearly average for average user
Technology Fuel Electricity Energy Driving modes
kWh/km kWh/km Total Hybrid mode Electric
mode
Diesel 5.0 100%
Hybrid 3.1 61% 7%
Electric Hybrid 1.0 1.0 40% 80%
Electric 1.25 25% 100%
Volvo Buses
Total Cost of Ownership
Yearly
distance km
European Cost Data
Electric
12 years life time 100 000 km
Hybrid
Low floor bus 12 m
Bus
Hybrid bus: Volvo 7900
Electric Hybrid: Volvo 7900 Total Cost 60 000 km
with oportunity charging % lower
Li-ion battery than
4/6 years life time Diesel
Average speed 20 km/h
Route length 10 km
Average stop 400 m Hybrid
Total cost for reference Bus
during 12 years 3 000 000 Oil price increase 2003-2013: ~10% per year
Main cost: driver expenses
At status quo, hybrids buses bring the lowest cost over the life-time.
Further oil price increase, split the market into Hybrids, Electric Hybrids and Electric Buses.
Environmental values and increased attractivity brings further value to the city.
Volvo Buses
Paradigm shift
Hybrid
Diesel Electric
City Buses
Hybrid
Electric
2010 Future
100%
Energy ity
Diesel Electric 80%
40%
20%
Volvo Buses
Plug-in Bus
new opportunities for city planning
Shopping
Residential area
Old town
City zone
Emission-free
Lakeside
Low noise
Volvo Buses
Services and ITS solutions
Emissions
Safety
Noise
Volvo Buses
Bus system
Volvo Buses
Buses are ideal for electromobility
1. Buses run close to people where noise and emissions have the most severe impact
on their lives
2. Buses have the highest cost efficiency per passenger kilometer, with exception of
bikes
3. The City Mobility path will lower the cost further, step-by-step
4. One modular system (of hybrids, plug-in and electric buses) will match the demand
for different routs with a common infra structure
5. Quality of life impact on travel time
6. Considering different duty cycles buses match the demands for profitability best:
Charging!
Daily!Duty! Predicatable! oportunity!
(hours)! route! 8me!between!
!! oportuni8es!
Cars% 2% 30%% 9h%
Delivery% 6% 60%% 3h%
trucks%
Buses% 12% 90%% 1h%
Volvo Buses
The new bus systems are profitable
-the Swedish market struggles with competing incentives
Volvo Buses
k 160
Cost for Emissions,
CO2 and Noise
Noise
0.2 /km*
EU (Directive 2009/33/EC)
k 264
Particulates
Nox k 225
*Tystare stadsbussar kravstllning vid upphandling
CO2 fr minskat kllbuller (1 to 4 SEK/km)
Energy http://www.k2centrum.se/getfile.ashx?cid=141365&cc=4&refid=2
Plug-in
k 78
Electric
k 65
Volvo Buses
Electromobility
Volvo Buses
Spoil your citizens
Volvo Buses