Weld Calc

Welds in Shear, Bending, Torsion and Axial Loading
WeldCalc
Sheet Design Options
1 Weld Design Sheet

Data Store Sheet
2
Documentation
3 Template Features
4 User Notes
5 Notations
6 Terms and Conditions of Use
7 Revision History
WeldCalc20041115 2001-4 Dr Shaiq Khan, Techno Consultants Ltd
Company: ABC Company WeldCalc20041115 2001 Techno Consultants Ltd
Address: AZ Street, Major City, Country User Registration No: Unregistered Copy
Tel: Fax: Email: Made by Date Page No
Project: Phase 1 Construction SURK 14 January 2001
Client: XY Co Checked Job No Revision
Element: Level 02 Steelwork 2001/4567
Weld Group in X-Y Plane Weld Group in Direct Shear, Bending and Torsion
Fy, y
My User Reference: Example 1 DataStore No: 1001
Weld Description: Bracket in Shear+Bending - TJ MacGinley & TC Ang Example Page 56
Mz Mx Applied Loads: Load Position from Origin: Load Position from Centroid: Load Eccentricity Moments at Centoid:
Fz, z Direction Mag kN Xo mm Yo mm Zo mm Xc mm Yc mm Zc mm Mx kNmm My kNmm Mz kNmm
+ve Fx, x
+ve values
values Fx kN 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Sign Convention Fy kN 288 250 0.0 250.0 -72,000.0 0.0
Fz kN 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Strength Check: Applied Moments: Resultant Moments on the Weld Group:
Design Strength: Mx kNmm My kNmm Mz kNmm Equivalent Stress Calculation Method: Mx kNmm My kNmm Mz kNmm
0.215 kN/mm2 SRSS Sqrt (fx^2 + fy^2 + fz^2) -72,000.0 0.0 0.0
Induced Max Stress: Centroid of Weld Group from Origin: Weld Group Properties about its Centroid (x to u-axis angle = 0 deg):
0.178 kN/mm2 Xo mm Yo mm Zo mm Ixx mm4 Iyy mm4 Ixy mm4 Iuu mm4 Ivv mm4 Ipp mm4
Origin Centroid Welds <Allowable; Hence OK 0.0 0.0 0.0 79,833,665 4,908,115 0 79,833,665 4,908,115 84,741,781
Input for Weld Group Geometry: Component Properties for Each Weld Length: Stress Components & Resultant at Each Node: Force Resultants in Each Weld Length:
Node Part Xo Yo Throat, a Area, A A yo A xo Ixx Iyy Ixy Stress fx Stress fy Stress fz Stress fr Force Fxw Force Fyw Force Fzw
No No mm mm mm mm2 mm3 mm3 mm4 mm4 mm4 kN/mm2 kN/mm2 kN/mm2 kN/mm2 kN kN kN
1 1 -86.6 182.3 5.6 970 0 176,816 32,233,633 #NAME? 0 #NAME? #NAME? -0.164 0.178 0.000 65.086 -159.466
2 1 86.6 182.3 5.6 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
3 2 -86.6 -182.3 5.6 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
4 2 86.6 -182.3 5.6 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
5 3 -5 140 4.2 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
6 3 -5 -140 4.2 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
7 4 5 140 4.2 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
8 4 5 -140 4.2 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
9 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Combined Properties for the Weld Group Force Resultants in the Weld Group
NB: Shaded areas represent user data input #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? Maximum Resultant Stress: 0.178 0.000 288.000 0.000
File: 358076908.xlsx Tab: Welds Weld Group in Direct Shear, Bending & Torsion Date Printed: 06/15/2017
Analysis and Design of Weld Lengths Subjected to Simultaneous Shear, Bending,Torsion and Axial Loading
Beam User Weld Group Applied Force Fx Applied Force Fy Applied Force Fz Applied Moments Weld Node 1 Weld Node 2 Weld Node 3 Weld Node 4 Weld Node 5 Weld Node 6 Weld Node 7 Weld Node 8
No Reference Description Fx Yo Zo Fy Xo Zo Fz Xo Yo Mx My Mz Part No X1 Y1 Throat1 Part No X2 Y2 Throat2 Part No X3 Y3 Throat3 Part No X4 Y4 Throat4 Part No X5 Y5 Throat5 Part No X6 Y6 Throat6 Part No X7 Y7 Throat7 Part No X8
1001 Example 1 Bracket in Shear+Bending - TJ MacGinley & TC Ang Exampl 288 250 1 -86.6 182.3 5.6 1 86.6 182.3 5.6 2 -86.6 -182.3 5.6 2 86.6 -182.3 5.6 3 -5 140 4.2 3 -5 -140 4.2 4 5 140 4.2 4 5
1002 Example 2 Circular 8 mm Fillet Wel 450 100 50 0 0 0 250000 1 0 200 5.6 1 51.763 193.185 5.6 1 100 173.205 5.6 1 141.421 141.421 5.6 1 173.205 100 5.6 1 193.185 51.763 5.6 1 200 0 5.6 1 193.185
1003 Example 3 Shear + Torson - Steel Designers Example Page 739 249.5 49.9 1 0 170 3.5 1 0 0 3.5 1 70 0 3.5 1 70 100 3.5 1 0 170 3.5
1004 Example 4 Shear+Torsion+Bending - A 127x64 RSC Welded to the insid 300 62.5 19.4 1 0 0 5.6 1 0 180 5.6 1 127 60 5.6 1 127 0 5.6
1005 Extra Example 5 Shear+Torsion - Steel Designers Example Page 738 176.5 54.2 0 1 0 125 3.5 1 0 0 3.5 1 76.2 0 3.5 1 76.2 125 3.5 1 0 125 3.5
1006 Extra Example 6 Shear+Torsion - TJ MacGinley & T C Ang Torsion Example - 152 350 1 200 300 4.2 1 0 300 4.2 1 0 0 4.2 1 200 0 4.2
1007 Stair Tread 6 mm thick plate Tread divided into 3 strips of 6 mm width 1980 1 0 0 6 1 0 63 6 1 275 63 6 1 275 126 6
1008 Stair Tread 6 mm thick plate Tread divided into 8 strips of 3 mm width 1980 1 1.5 1.5 3 1 4.5 1.5 3 1 4.5 61.5 3 1 279.5 61.5 3 1 279.5 124.5 3 1 276.5 124.5 3 1 276.5 64.5 3 1 1.5
1009
1010 Main Truss Joint Weld throat thickness of 664 0 0 634 0 0 1 98.5 4.5 4.9 1 7.5 4.5 4.9 2 7.5 4.5 7.4 2 7.5 152.5 7.4 2 -7.5 152.5 7.4 2 -7.5 4.5 7.4 3 -7.5 4.5 4.9 3 -98.5
1011 Main Truss Joint Weld throat thickness of 547 37 0 522 0 37 1 98.5 4.5 4.9 1 7.5 4.5 4.9 2 7.5 4.5 7.4 2 7.5 152.5 7.4 2 -7.5 152.5 7.4 2 -7.5 4.5 7.4 3 -7.5 4.5 4.9 3 -98.5
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File: 358076908.xlsx Tab: Store Page 3/29 Date Printed: 06/15/2017

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Analysis and Design of Weld Lengths Subjected to Simultaneous Shear, Bending,Torsion a
Weld Node 8 Weld Node 9 Weld Node 10 Weld Node 11 Weld Node 12 Weld Node 13 Weld Node 14 Weld Node 15 Weld Node 16 Weld Node 17 Weld Node 18 Weld Node 19 Weld Node 20
Y8 Throat8 Part No X9 Y9 Throat9 Part No X10 Y10 Throat10 Part No X11 Y11 Throat11 Part No X12 Y12 Throat12 Part No X13 Y13 Throat13 Part No X14 Y14 Throat14 Part No X15 Y15 Throat15 Part No X16 Y16 Throat16 Part No X17 Y17 Throat17 Part No X18 Y18 Throat18 Part No X19 Y19 Throat19 Part No X20
-140 4.2
-51.763 5.6 1 173.205 -100 5.6 1 141.421 -141.422 5.6 1 100 -173.206 5.6 1 51.763 -193.186 5.6 1 0 -200 5.6 1 -51.763 -193.186 5.6 1 -100 -173.206 5.6 1 -141.421 -141.422 5.6 1 -173.205 -100 5.6 1 -193.185 -51.763 5.6 1 -200 0 5.6 1 -193.185
64.5 3 1 1.5 1.5 3
4.5 4.9 3 -98.5 -4.5 4.9 3 -7.5 -4.5 4.9 4 -7.5 -4.5 7.4 4 -7.5 -152.5 7.4 4 7.5 -152.5 7.4 4 7.5 -4.5 7.4 5 7.5 -4.5 4.9 5 98.5 -4.5 4.9 5 98.5 4.5 4.9
4.5 4.9 3 -98.5 -4.5 4.9 3 -7.5 -4.5 4.9 4 -7.5 -4.5 7.4 4 -7.5 -152.5 7.4 4 7.5 -152.5 7.4 4 7.5 -4.5 7.4 5 7.5 -4.5 4.9 5 98.5 -4.5 4.9 5 98.5 4.5 4.9





cted to Simultaneous Shear, Bending,Torsion and Axial Loading Welds in Shear, Bending, Torsion and Axial Loading
Weld Node 20 Weld Node 21 Weld Node 22 Weld Node 23 Weld Node 24 Weld Node 25 Weld Node 26 Weld Node 27 Weld Node 28 Weld Node 29 Weld Node 30 Design Max Auto Analysis
Y20 Throat20 Part No X21 Y21 Throat21 Part No X22 Y22 Throat22 Part No X23 Y23 Throat23 Part No X24 Y24 Throat24 Part No X25 Y25 Throat25 Part No X26 Y26 Throat26 Part No X27 Y27 Throat27 Part No X28 Y28 Throat28 Part No X29 Y29 Throat29 Part No X30 Y30 Throat30 Strength Stress Analyse Y? Print ?
0.215 0.178 y y
51.763 5.6 1 -173.205 100 5.6 1 -141.421 141.421 5.6 1 -100 173.205 5.6 1 -51.763 193.185 5.6 1 0 200 5.6 0.215 0.212 y y
0.215 0.206 y y
0.215 0.187 y y
0.215 0.153 y y
0.215 0.193 y y
0.275 0.157 y y
0.275 0.151 y y
0.28 0.142
0.28 0.215





Features of WeldCalc for

The Analysis and Design of Weld Groups
Subjected to Simultaneous Shear, Bending, Torsion and Axial Loading
by
Dr Shaiq U.R. Khan
BEng (Civil), MEng, PhD, PE, CEng, FIStructE
November 2004
WeldCalc is an Excel Template for the design of weld groups having any configuration of multi-linear weld
lengths in an x-y plane. It uses the elastic method to analyse weld groups subjected to simultaneous tension,
compression, shear, bending and or torsion in x, y and z directions. If present, it takes into account the
influence of unsymmetrical bending in its analysis.
Features
The file size is under 1Mb.
Comprehensive documentation and sketches included within the template file to describe the analysis method
and to serve as reference during interactive use.
Sign convention for applied loads illustrated via 3D-Sketch on the screen and in the printed output for ease of
use and ready reference.
All calculation components shown on the screen and in the printed output. The user and the checker both can
verify results by hand calculations.
On the spot screen display of background information via comments, when moving the mouse pointer over
cells.
At each weld node, calculation and display of induced stresses.
Option to calculate the resultant stress using a stress vector equation or an equation based on Von Mises
formula.
At each weld length, calculation and display of the load carried in x, y and z direction.
The influence of unsymmetrical bending is taken into account, when present.
Applied Loading: Point loads Fx, Fy and Fz and Moments Mx, My and Mz
Design weld strength can be any value to suit your design standard e.g. BS 5950 or BS449.
A weld group can have up to 30 linear lengths forming any weld configuration in the x-y plane.
Lines of weld can be continuous or discontinuous. Each continuous series of weld lengths being termed as a
PART, a weld group can have up to 15 separate PARTS connecting 30 nodes.
Live display of weld group configuration via sketch makes input errors obvious at a glance.
The position of user origin can be any convenient point for ease in describing complex weld configurations.
The origin and centroid is shown in the weld group sketch for easy comprehension of input data and analysis
results.
Database facility within the WeldCalc file keeps information for up to 500 Weld Groups in a project via
worksheet STORE. Using a reference number in the range 1001 to 1500, each Weld Group can be retrieved,
changed and re-designed with easily at a later time.
The Database in the worksheet STORE is visible to the user. Using spreadsheet features of Excel, new data
can be generated and the existing one examined and or modified.
Auto Analysis facility is available via two columns in the Worksheet STORE. One column allows selection for
analysis and the other selection for printing. All SELECTED Weld Groups can therefore be analysed and or
their results printed by a mouse click.
Auto Analysis facility also embeds analysis results in the worksheet STORE. The spreadsheet cells showing
inadequate strength becomes red in colour. After Auto Analysis, the adequacy of each Weld Group therefore
becomes obvious at a glance.
The template has virtually no user interface. The A4 size printedout matches the Screen Display. Knowing
Excel use and the ability to verify the output as a designer is sufficient for using WeldCalc.

Shaded cells in the spreadsheet mean User-Input and un-shaded cells Spreadsheet-Results. This permits
easy checking at a glance both by the user and the checker of WeldCalc output.
File: 358076908.xlsx Tab: Features Page 18/29 Date Printed: 06/15/2017

User Notes for

The Analysis & Design of Weld Groups
Subjected to Simultaneous Shear, Bending, Torsion and Axial Loading
WeldCalc
by
Dr Shaiq U.R. Khan
BEng (Civil), MEng, PhD, PE, CEng, FIStructE
November 2004
Introduction
WeldCalc analyses any configuration of multi-linear weld lengths in an X-Y plane. The
loads can be shear, moment, torsion and axial applied simultaneously.
WeldCalc calculates the induced stress at each node and identifies the node most highly
stressed. It also calculates the magnitude of load resisted by each length of weld in the x, y
and z direction.
A weld group can have up to 30 Nodes or 29 weld lengths. The line of weld lengths can be
continuous or discontinuous. Each continuous series of weld lengths is termed as a Part
and it is given a reference number starting from 1 onwards. A weld group can have up to
15 parts connecting 30 nodes in any pattern.
Loading the Template on to your Computer

WeldCalc is supplied as an Excel Template, having .XLT as its filename extension.
You can use WeldCalc by opening its file directly or copying it into the Microsoft Office
folder for its Templates. Consult Microsoft Office documentation for the path to this folder.
For example, if you are using Excel 2000, the path to this folder is:
C:\Windows\Application Data\Microsoft\Templates
To load and use the Template in Excel 2000, choose:

File, New and the select the file WeldCalc20041106-.xlt
When opening the WeldCalc file, Excel issues a routine Warning about running Macros
and prompts whether or not to load them.
Answer YES to Load and Enable Macros. WeldCalc incorporates VB Macros and to allow
your computer to use them is vital for its operation.
Codes of Practice
WeldCalc is a weld analysis program for International use. It is not dependent on the use of
any specific code of practice.
However, to illustrate the use of WeldCalc and to discuss various weld details for design
purposes ,reference has been to the British Standard Code of Practice BS 5950-1: 2000
Part 1, Structural Use of Steelwork in Building1.
Using WeldCalc
In addition to Job Information in the heading part, describe Applied Loads, Design Strength
and details for each weld length. The applied loads can be factored or un-factored
depending upon the specified design strength of welds. The weld details required are: part-
number, coordinates x and y and throat thickness at each node.
File: 358076908.xlsx Tab: Notes Page 19/29 Date Printed: 06/15/2017

WeldCalc also incorporates a data store facility. Information for up to 500 weld groups is
kept in the worksheet STORE. Clicking the "Store Existing Data" command button in the top
row, saves the current weld group data. Clicking the "Get Stored Data" button retrieves the
previously saved information.
In order to save or retrieve a weld group information, the Template uses a Datastore
Number. This number for 500 weld groups (in the range from 1001 to 1500) must be
specified to store or retrieve weld group data.
PLEASE NOTE that storing weld group data does not save the Excel File. To ensure
saving data to your hard disk, you must use Excel File, Save Pull Down Menu Option in the
usual Windows procedure.
Likewise, saving Excel file to hard disk does not store the existing screen data into the
worksheet "STORE". To do so, you must use "Store Existing Data" button before saving
the Excel file to hard disk.
Database of Weld Group Details and Applied Loading: Worksheet STORE

In each WeldCalc file, weld connection details and applied loads can be stored for 500 weld
groups. Each weld group is referenced by a number in the range 1001 to 1500. All
information is kept in the worksheet STORE and is available to the user for use in the
design process.
A casual Excel user generally does not need to tweak or amend the STORE worksheet. At
the risk of upsetting this information, however, one can benefit by generating and using this
information by Copy, Paste-Special-Values and Fill-Down commands of Excel.
It is strongly recommended that Cut Command of Excel is not used on this worksheet;
using this command affects the worksheet layout and can disrupt the working of WeldCalc.
Similarly the use of Paste command (as opposed to Paste-Special-Values command) can
override the helpful cell formats.
An experienced Excel User can employ various Excel features to tweak or manage this
information. For example, user reference, title, design strength values can be generated
via Copy, Paste-Special-Values and Fill Down features of the spreadsheet.
Auto Analysis of Weld Groups

Use this facility to analyse and or print all weld groups by a single click of Auto
Analyse/Print Button in the top right corner of the screen.
To use this facility, two columns coloured in yellow to the right of the Store worksheet are
provided. One column is headed Analyse Y? and the other as Print ?. The Auto
Analyse/Print Button is located at the top of these two columns in the Worksheet Store.
Entering Y in these two columns, signifies that the respective weld group in a given row
need to be analysed and or printed. Leaving the cells blank signifies that respective weld
groups are not to be analysed or printed.
Auto Analysis facility is useful when all or a selected few weld groups are to be analysed
and or printed after updating the weld group details and loading in the STORE worksheet.

Design of Fillet Welds

The vector sum of the design stresses due to all forces and moments transmitted by the
weld should not exceed the design strength.
When using BS 5950 the design strength pw under factored loads is 0.220 kN/mm2 for S275
Grade, 0.250 kN/mm2 for Grade S355 and 0.280 kN/mm2 for Grade S460 (Table 37, Cl
6.8.5).
Throat Thickness
The size of the fillet is expressed by the length of the leg of the largest isosceles right angle
triangle that can be inscribed on the outline of the weld. The weld usually has equal legs,
but conditions may require the use of weld with unequal legs.
Thickness of the weld is measured by the perpendicular drawn from the intersection of the
legs on to the hypotenuse, as shown in the figure. This is called the throat thickness or
simply Throat of the fillet weld.
The strength of the fillet welds is related to the throat thickness and depends upon the
angle between the fusion faces. This relationship between the leg length s and the throat
thickness a for various angles between fusion faces is given as follows:
Weld size Fy, y

60o to 90o, a = 0.7 s
s My
91o to 100o, a = 0.65 s a, throat
101o to 106o, a = 0.6 s thickness Mz Mx
107o to 113o, a = 0.55 s
Fz, z
114o to 120o, a = 0.5 s +ve Fx, x
+ve values
values
Sign
Sign Convention
Convention
Penetration
Sign Convention
The sign convention is shown on the screen and in the printed output via sketch as shown.
The applied point loads Fx, Fy and Fz are positive when acting in the direction of axes.
The applied moments Mx, My and Mz are positive Anti-clockwise when viewed looking into
the origin.
Properties of Fillet Welds

The shape of fillet welds is usually triangular. As shown in the sketch, the outer surface of a
weld is reinforced, i.e. made convex, but in strength calculations this reinforcement is
ignored.
The failure of welds usually occurs in the throat section. This area is therefore used in
strength calculations of welded joints. It is equal to the summation of the throat thickness
multiplied by the weld length.
Other weld properties are also based on the throat area of welds. These properties are Ix,
Iy and Ixy. The origin for these properties is at centroid of the welds and they are calculated
by using x, y coordinates and the throat thickness defined by the user for each node.

Formulae for Stress Components

At each node, the components of stress in x, y and z direction are calculated by elastic
analysis, given by:
Fx M z y
fx
A Ip
Fy M z x
fy
A Ip
Fz M y I x M x I xy M I M y I xy
fz x x y y
A I x I y I xy
2
I x I y I xy2
Formulae for Stress Resultants
At each node, the resultant stress fr is calculated. The maximum of these values frmax is
then chosen and placed in the bottom cell.
This maximum stress is meant to be compared with the allowable stress in the weld for
design purposes.
In terms of the adjoining material strength, the allowable stress roughly equal to py/sqrt(3)
(0.55 Us in BS5950-1:20001) and hence implicitly assumed as being pre-dominently a
shear stress.
As induced stresses in the weld can be shear as well as axial, there is a case for allowing
higher stress py in the axial direction. To this end, WeldCalc offers two options for
calculating the maximum stress.
The first option gives a conservative result by not distinguishing between the shear and the
axial stresses. It uses the following stress vector (SRSS, square root of the sum of
squares):
fr f x2 f y2 f z2
The second option is said to give a more realistic estimate of the weld strength. Similar to
the Von Mises definition of the equivalent stress contained in Eurocode3 2, it employs the
following equation:
f z2
fr f f
x
2
y
2
3
In the above two equations fx and fy are shear stresses and fz an axial stress.
As compared to the Eurocode definition of the Von Mises equivalent stress Sqrt
(fz2+3(fx2+fy2), the second fr value has been divided by sqrt(3) to allow weld design based
on its strength in shear rather than axial.
Detailing Requirements for the Design of Welds

The following requirements are based on recommendations contained in Cl 6.7.2 BS 5950-
1: 20001. They are intended for guidance only. A user may employ another code of
practice for such requirements.
End Connections Effective Length

Where the ends of an The effective length of a run of fillet weld should be
element is connected only taken as the over all length less one leg length, s, for
by a longitudinal fillet, the each end which does not continue round the corner
length of each weld for a length of 2s, as shown in the sketch.
should be, L >= Tw, the The effective length should be: L >= 4 s
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End Connections Effective Length
Where the ends of an The effective length of a run of fillet weld should be
element is connected only taken as the over all length less one leg length, s, for
by a longitudinal fillet, the each end which does not continue round the corner
length of eachWelds
weld in Shear,for
Bending,
a length Torsion
of 2s, asand Axial
shown Loading
in the sketch.
should be, L >= Tw, the The effective length should be: L >= 4 s
transverse spacing
L >=Tw Length s ignored in

End returns L >=4 t effective length L
Welds terminating at the L >=4 s
ends or sides should be
returned continuously
weld spacing
around the corners for a 1 1
transverse
distance >= 2 s (the weld
Tw
leg length), wherever it is
return >=2s
practicable. This detail is
Weld end
particularly important for
welds in tension due to
bending.
s, leg
length
Lap Joints
Welded end connection showing End Returns
Minimum lap should be: L
Lap & Effective Length Requirements
>= 4t, where t is thickness
of the thinner part.
Single fillet weld should L >=Tw s, ignored in L
only be used where parts L >=4t
are restrained to prevent L >=4s
opening of the joint.
t
Section 1-1

Describing Weld Group Configuration

First estimate throat thickness for each length of weld in the joint and also select a
convenient point as origin for defining coordinates. Weld group configuration is then
defined by giving part-no, x-coordinate, y-coordinate and throat thickness at each node.
Start using part-no from 1 onwards at first node. When the line of welds becomes
discontinuous or the throat thickness changes, increment the part-no by one for the node at
next weld length.
Six examples are included in the worksheet STORE of this template. They can be viewed
or recalled on the screen by giving their Datastore number from 1001 to 1006 after clicking
Get Weld Group Data button. To illustrate data preparation, details of the first 4 examples
are explained below via sketches.
Example 1
This example has 4 parts and 8 Nodes. It represents junction of a UB section welded at its
top and bottom flanges and on either side of its web. To describe fillet weld legs of 8 and 6
mm, the throat thickness of the horizontal and vertical weld lengths are 5.6 and 4.2 mm
respectively.
Weld Details: 288 kN

Part, Node x,y Coordinates & Throat Thickness
Part1, Node 1: -86.6, 182.3, Throat 5.6 y
Part1, Node 2: +86.6, 182.3, Throat 5.6 Part 1
Part2, Node 3: -86.6, -182.3, Throat 5.6 1 2
Part2, Node 4: +86.6, -182.3, Throat 5.6 6 8
Part3, Node 5: -5, +140, Throat 4.2
Part3, Node 6: -5, -140, Throat 4.2
Part 3
Part 4
Part4, Node 7: +5, +140, Throat 4.2
Part4, Node 8: +5, -140, Throat 4.2 x
Applied Loads:
Fy = 288 kN @ zo = 250 mm
5 7
3 4
Part 2
Example 2
This example represents a circular weld of 400 mm diameter and 8 mm fillet weld. It has 1
Part and 25 Nodes. The first and the last node numbers 1 and 25 are physically coincident.
Only selected nodes and part data have been shown below for brevity.
Weld Details: Nodes 25, 1

Part 1, Node 1: 0, 200, Throat 5.6 y
450 kN
Part 1, Node 7: 200, 0, Throat 5.6

Part 1, Node 13: 0, -200, Throat 5.6
Node 7
Node 19
Part 1, Node 19: -200, 0, Throat 5.6

Part 1, Node 25: 0, 200, Throat 5.6 x
Applied Loads:
Fx = 450 kN @ yo = 100 mm & zo = 50 mm 250,000 kNmm
Mz = 250,000 kNmm
Node 13

Example 3
This example represents a closed trapezoidal weld of 5 mm fillet weld. It has 1 Part and 5
Nodes. The first and the last node numbers 1 and 5 are physically coincident.
249.5 kN
y
Weld Details:
Nodes 1,5
Node 4
Applied Loads:
Fy = 249.5 kN @ xo = 49.9 mm
x
Node 2 Node 3
Example 4
This example is an open trapezoidal 8 mm fillet weld having a 5.6 mm Throat Thickness. It
has therefore1 Part and 4 Nodes.
As shown in the sketch below, the weld group represents a 127x64 RSC (rolled steel
channel) welded to the inside flange of a 305 x 205 UC (universal column) section at an
angle. Acting at Centroid of the RSC, the applied axial load of Fy = 300 kN has an
eccentricity of Xo = 62.5 mm and Zo = 19.4 mm. The weld group is therefore subjected to
direct shear, bending and torsion simultaneously.
y
y
300 kN 300 kN
2 z 2
300 kN
Section 2-2 x Plan

y
Weld Details:
Node 2 Part, Node x,y Coordinates & Throat Thickness
300 kN Part 1, Node 1: 0, 0, Throat 5.6
Node 3 Part 1, Node 4: 127, 0, Throat 5.6
Applied Loads:
Fy = 300 kN @ xo = 62.5 mm and zo = 19.4 mm
x
Node 1 Node 4
References
1 BS 5950: Structural use of steelwork in building
BS 5950-1:2000: Code of practice for design - Rolled and welded sections, 2001
2 DD ENV 1993-1-1: 1992; Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures
Part 1.1 General rules and rules for buildings

Notations
A Area of weld length or group equal to the weld length multiplied by its throat thickness
a Perpendicular distance from the root of the weld to a straight line joining the fusion
faces. Usually a = 0.7 s for angle between fusion faces from 60 to 90 degrees.
fr Resultant stress induced at a weld group node, fr = Sqrt (f x2 + fy2 + fz2)
Fx Resultant applied load on the weld group in x-direction
fx Component of stress induced at a weld group node in x-direction
Fxw Load carried by a weld length or group in x-direction
Fy Resultant applied load on the weld group in y-direction
fy Component of stress induced at a weld group node in y-direction
Fyw Load carried by a weld length or group in y-direction
Fz Resultant applied load on the weld group in z-direction
fz Component of stress induced at a weld group node in z-direction
Fzw Load carried by a weld length or group in z-direction
L Effective length of fillet weld; BS 5950 minimum values are: L>=T w, L>=4t & L>= 4s
Mx Resultant applied moment on the weld group about x-axis
My Resultant applied moment on the weld group about y-axis
Mz Resultant applied moment on the weld group about z-axis
pw Design strength of fillet weld
s Leg length of fillet weld
SRSS Square root of the sum of squares (for calculating resultant stress vector)
t Thickness of the thinner part being connected by welding
Tw Transverse spacing of two fillet welds
Us Specified minimum tensile strength of the parent metal
xc Distance along x axis from centroid of the weld group
xo Distance along x axis from origin chosen by the user
yc Distance along y axis from centroid of the weld group
yo Distance along y axis from origin chosen by the user
zc Distance along z axis from centroid of the weld group
zo Distance along z axis from origin chosen by the user

Terms & Conditions of CHSmember Use
Disclaimer
No Liability is accepted by Techno Consultants or its software authors for any direct, indirect,
consequential or incidental loss or damage arising out of the software use or any mistakes and
negligence in developing this software.
The organisation or person using the software bears all risks and responsibility for the quality
and performance of the software.
Your Usage
The software is intended to help you save time and effort in calculations. Please check and
validate all results carefully. You are responsible and liable for all consequences of its use.
Software Distribution Policy
This product is being distributed as a part of our policy to pool, share and grow technical
expertise with fellow engineers. In the past we did so by using personal and direct business
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Availability of the Internet, now makes it possible to pool and share expertise with engineers all
over the world. You can freely use this product for your personal or business design work.
This product, however, remains our copyright. You may also reproduce and distribute it provided
that each copy shall be a true and complete copy, including all copyright and trademark notices
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The fee for formal registration is 15.00 for individuals and 45.00 for companies. Add 17.5
percent VAT for registrations based in the UK and EC member states. Please send cheques
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hno Consultants Ltd
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Revision History of WeldCalc
V20010114 1st Issue: 14 January 2001
V20010424 2nd Issue: 24 April 2001
Correction made in the sign of My, when calculating stress fz in unsymmetrical
bending. Location angle of principal axes relative to x-axis shown/calculated.
V20041115 3rd Issue: 15 November 2004
Option to find stress resultant using SRSS OR EuroCode (Von Mises) formula
File: 358076908.xlsx Tab: Rev Date Printed: 06/15/2017

Weld Calc

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Welds in Shear, Bending, Torsion and Axial Loading

1 Weld Design Sheet

6 Terms and Conditions of Use

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64.5 3 1 1.5 1.5 3

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Features of WeldCalc for

WeldCalc20041115 2001-4 Dr Shaiq Khan, Techno Consultants Ltd

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User Notes for

Loading the Template on to your Computer

To load and use the Template in Excel 2000, choose:

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Database of Weld Group Details and Applied Loading: Worksheet STORE

Auto Analysis of Weld Groups

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Design of Fillet Welds

Weld size Fy, y

Properties of Fillet Welds

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Formulae for Stress Components

Detailing Requirements for the Design of Welds

End Connections Effective Length

L >=Tw Length s ignored in

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Describing Weld Group Configuration

Weld Details: 288 kN

Weld Details: Nodes 25, 1

Part 1, Node 7: 200, 0, Throat 5.6

Part 1, Node 19: -200, 0, Throat 5.6

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Section 2-2 x Plan

WeldCalc20041115 2001-4 Dr Shaiq Khan, Techno Consultants Ltd

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WeldCalc20041115 2001-4 Dr Shaiq Khan, Techno Consultants Ltd

Techno Consultants Ltd

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WeldCalc20041115 2001-4 Dr Shaiq Khan, Techno Consultants Ltd

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