1.

(Respiratory quotientRQ)
A. RQ=VO2VCO2 B. RQ 0.7
C. RQ1 D. RQ

2.
A. volume-cycled ventilation
B. pressure-cycled ventilation
C. pressure support ventilation
D. controlled mandatory ventilation

3.


A. X B.
C. D.

4. (surgical airway)

A. (tracheostomy) B. (cricothyroidotomy)
C. (cricotomy) D. (laryngectomy)

5.

A. B. (pericardiocentesis)
C. (physical examination) D. X (CXR)

6. pulmonary contusion

A. 25 B. PaO280 torr
C. 100A-a 250 torr D. PaCO260 torr

7.
A. X 3 50
B. 1.25
C.
D. hemopneumothorax

8. (Cricothyroidotomy)
 A. 12 B. 20 30 C. 30 60 D. 60

9. (flail chest)
A. (ribs)
B. (paradoxical movement)
C.
D.

10. flail chest

A. B.
C. D.

11. 34 (70/50 mmHg)

A.
B.
C. (cardiac tamponade)
D.

12. urgent thoracotomy

A. B. 500 c.c.
C. D. 100 c.c.6

13. 20 120 90/50

mmHgX 10 1500 mL

A.
B.
C.
D.

14.
A.
B.
C.
D.
15. 80/45 mmHg120
/minX-ray
A.
B.
C.
D. hemothorax

16. 25 X

A. B.
C. D.

17. 20

A. angina pectoris
B. cardiac arrhythmia
C. spontaneous pneumothorax
D. spontaneous esophageal rupture

18. X
(spontaneous pneumothorax)

A. Bleb
B. Bulla
C. Emphysema
D. Pneumatocele

19. 50
160/90 mmHg30 /100 /

A. creatine kinase
B.
C. X
 D. morphinenitrate aspirin

20. 50 mmHgX
creatine kinase

A. B.
C. ventilationperfusion D. D-dimer

21.


A. PTCA
B. tissue plasminogen activatortPA
C. PEEP positive end-expiratory pressure
D. dopamine

22.
A. 85%(blebs or bullae)
B.
C.
D.

23.
A. (primary spontaneous pneumothorax
B.
C.
D. high resolution
computed tomography, HRCT

24. 26

A. B.
C. D.

25. (caustic injury)

A. pH 11.5
B.
C.
 D. 10~20

26. (chylothorax)
A.
B. (triglyceride) 110 mg/dl
C. (Gram(+) cocci)
D.

27.
A.
B.
C.
D.

28. Chylothorax
A. Thoracic duct
B. 1000 mg/dL
C. parenteral nutrition
D. medium-chain triglyceride diet

29. pleural effusion

A. 0.5 exudate
B. LDHLDH0.6 exudate
C. LDH 1.67 exudate
D. X costophrenic angle300 c.c.

30. transudative effusions

A. congestive heart failure B. pulmonary embolism
C. lung cancer D. liver cirrhosis

31. exudate
A. B. C. D.

32. (mesothelioma)
A. (diffuse type) 75%
B. (epithelial type) (sarcomatoid type)
C. 4 12
D. (extrapleural pneumonectomy)
 (pleural pneumonectomy+ pleurectomy) (decortication)

33. air embolism

A. B. C. D.

34. Massive pulmonary embolism

A. B. C. S3Q1T3 D.

35.
A. pulmonary vascular resistance
B. pulmonary shunt
C. alveolar dead space
D. cardiac output

36. Fat embolism syndrome

A. ETCO2 B.
C.

37. (ARDS)(hypoxemia)
A. (diffusion barrier) B. (hypoventilation)
C. (shunting)V/ Q C.

38. ARDSAcute respiratory distress syndrome

A. X
B. PaO2/FiO2200
C. PAWPPulmonary artery wedge pressure18 mmHg
D. Acute onset

39. (endobronchial TB)

A. (collapse)
B. (caseating granuloma)

C.
D.
40.
A.
B.
C.
D.

41.
A. B.
C. D.

42.
A. B. bronchopleural fistula
C. D.

43.
A. 6X B.
C. D.

44. 48

A.
B.
C.
D.

45. 30
Xcystic
change
A. B.
C. PET D. MRA

46. Wegeners granulomatosis

A. (necrotizing granuloma)
B. (prominent eosinophils)
C. (necrotizing angitis)
D. (central zone of necrosis surrounded by
lymphocytes, plasma cells, and histiocytes)
47. 40 X

A. B. C. D.

48. lung abscess

A.
B.
C.
D.

49. (bronchiectasis)
A. 1/3 B. Kartageners syndrome bronchiectasis
C. D.

50.
A.

B. X

C. (cavitation)
D.

51. 50 X-ray

A. B. (popcorn-like calcification)
C. (tail sign) D.

52. X-ray
 A. 5%
B. 50%

C.
D.

53. 70 X 3

A. (sputum cytology) B. (bronchoscopy and
biopsy)
C. (sono-guided percutaneous biopsy) C. CEA

54. solitary pulmonary noduleSPN

A. 5 B. 50 50%

C. SPN D.

55.
A. fibroma B. plasma cell granuloma
C. hamartoma D. xanthoma

56. MRA

A. Bacterial pneumonia B. Pulmonary sequestration

C. Lung cancer D. Tuberculosis

57. (extralobar)(pulmonary sequestration)

A. B.
C. D.
58. " (pulmonary AVM) "
A. (Pneumothorax) B. (Hemoptysis)
C. (Brain abscess) D. (Lung abscess)

59. (SVC syndrome)

A. (bronchogenic carcinoma) B. (lymphoma)
C. (thymoma) D. (teratoma)

60. (superior vena cava obstruction

syndrome)
A. B. C. D.

61.
(Stridor)

A. (squamous cell carcinoma) B. (adenocarcinoma)
C. (leiomyosarcoma) D. (metastatic hepatoma)

62. (hypercalcemia)
A. (squamous cell carcinoma) B. (adenocarcinoma)
C. (small cell carcinoma) D. (large cell carcinoma)

63. hypercalcemia
A. squamous cell carcinoma B. small cell carcinoma
C. adenocarcinoma D. carcinoid tumors

64. Atypical carcinoid

A. Lobar bronchus
B.
C. Carcinoid syndrome
D. PleomorphicMitosis

65.
A. 10%
B. Stage I (segmental resection) (wedge
resection)
C. stage IIIa neoadjuvant therapy
 D.

66.
A. X 10% B.
C. D.

67. 65 X


A. B.
C. D.

68. 1997(international system for staging lung cancer)T3N0M0

A. stage IIIA B. stage IB C. stage IIA D. stage IIB

69. 452.5visceral
pleura

A. StageA B. StageB C. StageA D. StageB

70.
A. carbon monoxide diffusion capacityDLCO< 30%
B. PO2 < 45 mmHg
C. forced expiratory volume in 1 secondFEV1= 0.8 L
D. V/Q scan FEV1 < 0.8 L

71.
A. obesity
B. 3
C. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
D.

65

pH: 7.456 PaO2: 55.2 mmHg PaCO2: 28.6 mmHg

X perihilar infiltrates(72 73 )
72
A. hypoventilation
B.
C. microatelectasis
ventilation/perfusion mismatchshunting
D. irradiation pneumonitis
73
A.
B.
C.
D.

74. lung volume-reduction surgery, LVRS

A.
B.
C.
D. ventilation-perfusion scan
HRCT

75. lung volume-reduction surgery, LVRS

A.
B.
C.
D.

76.
A. B.
C. X D. 48

77. bronchiolitis obliterans

A. 10% B.
C. FEV1.0 D.

78.
A. surgical indicatoinsCOPDpulmonary fibrosispneumoconiosis

B. prednisolonecyclosporineazathioprine
C. dyspnealeukocytosismild fever
 D. FVCcriteria

79. congenital diaphragmatic hernia

A. B.
C. D.

80. pectus excavatum

A.
B. lower costal cartilages

C.
D. 46

81. (Poland's syndrome)

A. B.
B. D. (Latissimus dorsi)

82. (palmar hyperhidrosis)

A. T1 segment B. T2 segment C. T3 segment D. T4 segment

83. (leiomyoma)
A. B.
C. D. 5

84.
A. B. C. D.

85. Mallory-Weiss syndrome

A. hiatal hernia
B. 80
C. extremely forceful emesis
D. mucosal laceration

86. 40 20 5
36.8
80/40 mmHg110/min22/min
X

 A. B.C. D.

87.
A. Mallory-Weiss syndrome B. esophageal varicesC. peptic ulcer

88. (diffuse esophageal spasm)

A. (gastroesophageal reflex)
B.
C. (corkscrew)
D. (manometry) (simultaneous) (multiphasic)

89.
A. (iatrogenic injury) 60%
B.
C. 90%X
D. (origin) (location)

90.
A. GE junction B. thoracic inlet area C. cricopharyngeal area D. aortic arch area

91. (diverticula)Zenkers diverticulum

A. B. C. D.

92. (gastroesophagus reflux disease)(gold standard)

A. B. (manometry)
C. 24(pH monitoring) D.

93. (Barretts esophagus)

A. B. columnar cell metaplasia
C. D.

94. 50
5 endoscopic biopsies
columnar epithelium with severe
dysplasia

A. antacids or H2 blockers
 B. anti-reflux surgery
C. esophagectomy and esophageal
reconstruction with a segment of colon
D. radiotherapy

95. 25
4~5
4~5

A. B. C. D.

96. achalasia
A. 50~65
B.
C. 15 25
D. esophageal myotomymyotomy

97. Achalasia Pseudoachalasia

A. Achalasia
B. Pseudoachalasia GE junction
C. Achalasia
D.

98.
A. Barretts esophagus B. (corrosive injury of
esophagus)
C. (achalasia) D. (traction diverticulum)

99. T
A. computed tomography B. endoscopy
C. Magnetic resonance imaging D. Positron emission
tomography

100. 50 15

A. B.
C. D.
101.
A. B. C. D.

102. (squamous cell carcinoma)

A. (cervical) B. (upper thoracic)
C. (middle thoracic) D. (lower thoracic)

103. squamous cell carcinoma

A. B. C. D.

104. gastric tube

A.
B.
C. right gastroepiploic and gastric
arteries
D.

105.
A. B. C. D.

106. acute mediastinitis

A.
B. X pleural effusion
C.
D.

107. Mediastinitis
A. Mediastinitis
B. Mediastinitis
C. appropriate antibiotics surgical drainage
D. Deep neck infection Descending necrotizing mediastinitis Transcervical
drainage drainage

108. mediastinitis

A. bronchopleural fistula
B.
C.
 D. open heartmedian sternotomy

109.
A. 3T
B.
C.
D.

110. 3
carinaCT 5 Hounsfield unit
no enhancement
A. lymphoma B. metastatic lymph node
C. bronchogenic cyst D. neurogenic tumor

111. (Mediastinal tumors)

A.
B. (thymoma) (germ cell
tumor) (pericardial cyst)
C.
D. (neurogenic tumor)

112. (cyst)
A. (thymic cyst) B. (pericardial cyst)
C. (bronchogenic cyst) D. (enteric cyst)

113. pseudolymphoma
A. Castlemans disease B. Wegeners granuloma
C. sarcoidosis D. histiocytosis X

114. 20
2015

A.
B. -FETOPROTEIN
C. HCG (HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN)
D.

115.
 A. B.
C. D.

116.
A.
B.
C.
D.

117. (thymoma)
A. 60-70
B.

C. (myasthenia gravis)
D. spindle cell lymphocyte-rich thymoma

118. thymoma
A. B.
C. D.

119. (myasthenia gravis)

A. 80%
B. (ocular type)

C.
D. 60%-80%

120.
X
A. (lymphoma)
B. (aortic aneurysm with nerve compression)
C. (thymoma with myasthenia gravis)
D. (lung cancer with paraneoplastic syndrome)

121. Pancoast syndrome

A. B. Horners syndrome
C. D.