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Typed by sin@dim (MyanmarCupid Community Forum)
pmrsufESm (1)
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pmrsufESm (3)
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pmrsufESm (4)
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pmrsufESm (5)
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pmrsufESm (6)
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pmrsufESm (7)
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pmrsufESm (8)
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pmrsufESm (10)
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pmrsufESm (12)
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pmrsufESm (13)
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pmrsufESm (14)
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pmrsufESm (15)
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pmrsufESm (16)
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pm&Gufwpfck xkwf,lvdkufonf/ xkdYaemuf ararhudk pm&Guf vSrf;jyvkdufygonf/
pmrsufESm (17)
]tJ'g ararhrl&if;av? om; rdw¬LawGyJ owif;pmwdkufudk ay;cJhwm}
araru oljyaeaom pm&Gufudk cPom MunfhjyD; acgif;wpfcsuf

ndwfonf/
]'Dygav;...
arar odyfpdwfylaeygw,f/ ararwdkYqD jyefvmcJhygawmh/
om;jzpfcsifwmrSeforSs arar vkyfay;rSmyg?
arareJYukdudk}
]owif;pmwkdufrSm OD;ÚmPfeJYawGYcJhw,f arar}
tck ararhudk rajymvSsifvnf; OD;ÚmPfESifhawGYrdvSsif ararodoGm;jyD;

pdwfqif;&J&rSmygyJ/
]ol 'DtaMumif;udk odoGm;ovm;]
]aMumfjimudk oljrifoGm;wmaygh arar? om;udkawmif ar;vdkufao;w,f?

'Dygudk vdkufr&Smbl;vm;wJh}
ararhrsufESmrSm pdk;&drfwkefvIyfoGm;rSef; odomonf/
]bk&m;...bk&m;? udkÚmPfvif; od&if olwkdY*sme,fwdkufwpfckvHk;

odoGm;jyDaygh? b,favmuf t&om&Sdr,fh owif;wpfckvJ? vli,fawG&JU
rD;½I;wefaqmif tvif;opf r*¾Zif; t,f'Dwm cifoefYpif wpfa,muf olYom;
tdrfu xGufajy;vdkYa,muf,ufcwf aeowJh? b,favmuf ymmoajrmufvdkufr,fh
pmrsufESm (18)
owif;vJ? b,favmuf odu©musrvJ? om; tJ'gudk bmjzpfvdkY ararhudk csufcsif;

zkef;rqufovJ}
arar onfavmuf pdk;&drfaomua&muf&rnf[kawmh olrxifcJhrdyg/
]araruyJ ta&;rMuD;&if 'Dyghudpöudk r*¾Zif;wdkufudk zkef;qufjyD;

rajymeJYqdk}
]at;av... tckymmu ta&;MuD;wmyJ? udkÚmPfvif;u tckavmufqdk

olY*sme,fwdkufrSm owif;jzefYjyD;jyDaygh? om; rodbl;vm;? 'gymm ta&;MuD;w,fvdkY
om; rodbl;vm;?
om;&JU qifjcifÚmPfudk enf;enf; toHk;csMunfhvdkufprf;}
ararhavoHu tenf;i,f rmaeygonf/
od'¨donf olYckwifay: ajcypfvufypfxkdifcsvdkuf\/
]ta&;MuD;w,fqdk&ifaum olodoGm;wmudk om;u bmwwfedkifrSmvJ}

cHwefwef rsufESmay;jzifh ajymjyD;aemuf ol csufcsif; aemifw&oGm;\/ arar
pdwfnpfaewJhtcsdefrSm Muifemaz;rpGm pum;ajymoifhonf/
]ol aemufrSm a&mufaewmudk om; rjrifcJhbl;? tJ'DrSm tod

wpfa,mufa,mufeJY awGYedkif vdrfhr,fvdkYvJ om; rxifxm;cJhrdbl;av? OD;ÚmPfu
ararh owif;udkawmh xdef;xm;avmufygw,f}
araronf pdwfjrefvufjrefyif xkdif&mrS x&yfvdkuf\/
pmrsufESm (19)
]xdef;xm;vm; jyefajymvm; qdkwm tckyJ odatmif vkyf&r,f}
xkdYaemuf tcef;xJrS cyfoGufoGuf xGufoGm;ygonf/
od'dönf rsufESmudk vuf0g;jzifh tkyfvsuf cPMumatmif jidrfouf

aecJh\/ odoGm;awmha&m olwdkYbmwwfedkifrSmvJ/ þudpö jzpfoGm;cJhjyD; uwnf;u
wpfcsdefcsdefrSm owif;u jyefYawmhrSmyJ/ arar 'gudk b,favmufMumatmif
zHk;uG,fvSsdKU0Sufxm;edkifrSmvJ/
olawGYxm;onfh aMumfjimwpfcktaMumif; ol ararhtm; ajymjy&rvm;[k

pOf;pm;onf/ ajymvdkufyghr,f/ om;i,fudk jyef&zdkYvrf;p rSeforSs arar
vdkufcJhwmcsnf;yJ r[kwfvm;/ aA'ifawG ,MwmawGawmif bmrSrpOf;pm;bJ arar
vkyfcJhao;wm/
ol pdwfrajymif;cif arar&Sd&modkYxGufvmcJh\/
arar w,fvDzkef; ajymaeonf/
]aqm&D; udkÚmPfvif;&,f? oefYvJacgif;xJrSm rD;awmufaewJh tcsdefrdkY

bmudkrS tusdK;oifh taMumif;oifh rpOf;pm;edkifawmhvdkYyg/ udkÚmPfvif;udk
apmfum;ovdk jzpfoGm;&if oefY awmif;yefygw,faemf}
ararhtoHu vdktyfonfxuf ydkEGJUae csdKaeovdkyJ/ tJ'Davmuf zGJUEGJUzdkY

vdkvdkYvm;/ ol rsufarSmif enf;enf; wGefYoGm;onf/ OD;ÚmPfu ararhudk
aMuGaewJholyJ/ ararhtwGuf onfavmufawmh xdef;odrf;ay;ygvdrfhrnf/
pmrsufESm (20)
][kwfuJh...[kwfuJh...aus;Zl;wifygw,f udkÚmPfvif;&,f...}
arar w,ffvDzkef;csvdkufaomtcg olYudk jrifoGm;onf/ tckawmhvnf;

ararhrsufESmu vef;qef;vdkY/
]awmfao;wmaygh... udkÚmPfvif;u 'Dudpöudk olYbufu raygufMum;ap&

ygbl;wJh}
ol ararhudk owif;pm pmrsufESmwpfckudk jzefYjyvdkufonf/
]'DrSmMunfh arar...'DtzGJYtpnf;u vlrIa&; udpöawG twGuf twdkifyifcH

tusdK;aqmif vkyfay;aewmwJh}
aooyfpGm abmifcwfxm;onfh aMumfjimwpfck.../
Vessels Consultant Group

usef;rma&;? ynma&;? vlrIa&; twdkifyifcHtzGJY
q&m0efrsm;? ynma&;okawoDrsm;? vlrIa&; ynm&Sifrsm;?

pdwfynm&Sifrsm;eJYzGJYpnf;xm;ygw,f/ wpfa,mufudk wpfa,mufu rulnDedkifwJh
vlrIywf0ef;usifxJrSm uRefawmfwdkY tm;vHk; ydwfrdaeMuygw,f/ 'gayr,fh
MudKpm;jyD; ajz&Sif;zdkYuRefawmfwdkYajcvSrf; p MunfhvdkufMuygw,f/
tdrfaxmifa&; tqifrajywJhtcg om;orD;awG rxdcdkufatmif
b,fvdkudkifwG,fajz&Sif;rvJ/
pmrsufESm (21)
ath'fpfa&m*geJY touf&Sifaexdkif&olwpfa,mufudk bmawG yHhydk;ay;edkif

rvJ/
tEÅ&m,fMuD;wJh trltusifhawGudk vli,fawG pGefYvTwfcsifvmatmif
b,fvdkqGJaqmifjyKjyifrvJ...pwJh tdrfaxmifa&;? usef;rma&;? ynma&;? vlrIa&;?
tMuHÚmPfawGudk wdkifyifvdkygovm;/
Vessels u (udk,fa&;udk,fwm raygufMum;ap&bJ) tcrJh wm0ef,l
aqmif&Gufay;ygw,f/
rSwfcsuf - MudKwifpm&if;ay;oGif;zdkYvdktyfygw,f/
pm&if;ay;&ef/ wevFmrS aomMum? eHeuf 9em&DrS nae 4em&D
awGYqHkaqG;aEG;csdef/
pae aeYv,f 2em&DrS nae 5em&D
we*FaEG eHeuf 9em&DrS nae 5em&D
vdyfpm
trSwf(....) ?yxrxyf? Aymdkvrf;? &efukef? zkef; -
aMumfjimudk zwfjyD;aemuf arar rsufarSmifMuKwfoGm;onf/
]om;u bmrSef;nmrSef; rodwJh vlwpfpkudk tm;udk;csifaew,faygh}
]tm;udk;w,fvdkYawmh r[kwfygbl; arar? om;wdkYudk olwdkY tMuHÚmPf

ay;edkifcJh&if....}
pmrsufESm (22)
araronf owif;pmudk pdwfvdkufrmefyg vTifhypfvdkuf\/ owif;pmonf

qkdzmaemufrSD\ wpfzufodkYusoGm;onf/ olvefYoGm;\/ ararha'goudk
tcktcsdeftxd olaMumufae&qJ ygvm;[k olYudk,fol odoGm;onf/
]udk,fhtdrfu uav; tdrfu xGufajy;wJhudpörSm b,folYqDu tMuHÚmPfrS

rvdkbl; od'¨d }
od'd¨ tomaemufqkwfvdkuf\/
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vkyfay;ekdifr,f xifvdkYvJ ymif...om;? b,folua&m vkyfay;csifyghrvJ}
od'dönf pdwftdkufpGm rwfwyf&yfaerdygonf/ araronf od'dËSifh

wnfhwnfh rsufESmcsif;qdkif &yfvdkuf\/
]'Dygudk vdkuf&SmzdkYom; b,fESpfcg MudKpm;cJhzl;jyDvJ? blwm&HkawG

ta0;ajy;um;*dwfawGudk om;b,fESpfcgvdkufjyD; pHkprf; ar;jref; cJhzl;jyDvJ}
ol qGHYtoGm;onf/
]tJ'g rif;u olYtpfudk t&if;aemf? tJ'Dtpfudkt&if;u pmMunfhcsdefawG

usL&SifcsdefawGudk olYtwGuf b,fESpfcg zsufcJhjyD; jyDvJ? tJ'gyJ ararhudk ajymprf;yg}
]om;udk tjypfrwifygeJYarar? ol b,foli,fcsif; tdrfrSmrS r&Sdbl;qkdwm

om;odwJhtcsdefrSm oGm;&SmzdkYaemufusaejyD Opöm}
]aemufusjyD...[kwfvm;}
pmrsufESm (23)
ararh rsufvHk;awGudk Munfh&jcif;tm;jzifh ol pum;rSm;oGm;jyD[k ol

odvdkuf\/ 'Dyghtay: ol ta&;rxm;bl; qdkwJh t"dyÜm,f/
]om; a&oGm;csdK;awmhr,f arar}
ol vSnfhxGuf&ef jyifvdkuf\/
]aeOD;...om;}
od'dönf rdcifudk rvGefqef&Jyg/ ae&mrSm jrJjrJ&yfoGm;\/
]tpfukdt&if;awmif tm;oGefcGefpdkuf r&SSmcJhbJeJY b,fvlpdrf;awGu

&Smay;edkifrSmvJ? om;rSefrSefajymprf;? 'DaMujimudk b,folu nTef;vdkYawGYwmvJ}
]om;oli,fcsif; upfupfu ajymwmyg arar}
]aMomf...olu 'DtzGJYtaMumif; b,favmufodvdkYvJ}
]upfupf odygw,f? olYoli,fcsif;tpfudk aq;pGJwkef;u tJ'DtzGJYuyJ

aq;jzwfzkdY ulnDcJhwmwJh}
arar rsufarSmifMuKwfoGm;\/
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jyeftyfedkifcJhjyDwJhvJ? tJ'g om;udk ajymvm;}
ol tae& usyfoGm;onf/ w&m;cHwpfa,mufvdkyif olYudk,fol

cHpm;vdkuf&ygonf/
pmrsufESm (24)
]tJ'gawmh rodbl; arar}
ararh tjyHK;u rmausmonf/ xdktjyHK;atmufrS ol b,fawmhrSs

vGwfatmif ajy;edkifrnf rxifyg/
pmrsufESm (25)
(4)
q,fhig;&ufajrmufaeY.../
Mu,fawG
uRefawmfhqDu b,favmuf a0;a0;
uRefawmfh&JUnudk jznfhay;w,f/
(William Empson)
&Hk;pm;yGJ aemufbufeH&HrSm ydkpwmMuD; uyfxm;onf/
rSdKif;ndKUaom aumif;uifatmufrS jymarSmifaom yifv,fvSdKif;vHk;MuD;awG?

vSdKif;xJrSm ,drf;,dkifaeaom &GufoabFmwpfpif;\ ta0;jrifuGif;? vSdKif;vHk;MuD;
wpfcku &GufoabFmav;ay:rSm tkyfrdk;vkeD;yg; jzpfaeonf/ atmufajcrSm
pmwef;wpfck.../
]'gudk u,fwifzdkYqdk&if 'gudk uRefawmfwdkYjrifzdkYvdkygw,f}
jrif&orSsawmh xdkt&m epfjrKyfawmhrnf/
od'¨d\&ifxJrSm at;pufusyfcJvm\/ xdkt&mqDrS rsufESmvTJvdkufonf/
vufxJrSm udkifxm;aom pm&Gufxyf\ tay:qHk; pmrsufESmrSm

ar;cGef;wdkuav;rsm;udk jrif&onf/
pmrsufESm (26)
olYudk oifcspfygovm;/
ymif...b,fvdk ar;cGef;ygvdrfh/ od'd¨ rsufcHk;yifhrdoGm;\/
]'gawG tm;vHk;ajz&rSmvm;}
pm;yGJaemufrSmxdkifaeoludk ol ar;vdkufonf/
xdkolu od'd¨tm; cyfomom tjyHK;jzifh Munfh\/
]tukefajz&if taumif;qHk;ygyJ? vdkr,fxJwJh ar;cGef;awGyg}
xdkol\rsufvHk;eufeufrsm;onf awmufyum ta&mifvufae\/ touf

b,favmuf &SdedkifrvJ[k ol rcefYrSef;wwfyg/ ESpfq,fhig;? ESpfq,ffhajcmufavmuf
&Sdrvm;/ odkYr[kwf onfhxufvnf; ydkedkifonf/
]'Dar;cGef;u wpfrsdK;yJaemf}
]b,far;cGef;vJAs}
]olYudk oifcspfygovm;wJh}
xkdol cyfoJhoJh&,fonf/ &,fvdkufaomtcg £ajE´MuD;onfh rsufvHk;rsm;

ae&mwGif vli,fwpfa,muf\ rsufvHk;rsm;a&mufvmonf/ xkdrsufvHk;rsm;onf
cifrif&ifESD;csifp&m aumif;onf/ ol xifxm;oavmuf rMuD;ao;bl;/
]'Dar;cGef;u vG,fvG,fav;yg}
pmrsufESm (27)
xdkolYvufxJwGif abmvfyifwpfacsmif;udkifxm;jyD; abmvfyifudk

vufacsmif;rsm;xJwGif vSnhfywfaqmhupm;ae\/ xkdvufacsmif;rsm;onf &Snfvsm;
oG,faysmif;aeonf/
]cspf&if..cspfygonf qdkwJhae&mrSm trSefjcpfvdkuf? rcspf&if...rcspfyg qdkwJh

ae&mrSm trSefjcpfvdkuf? cspf rcspf raocsm&if rajymwwfyg qdkwJhae&mrSm
trSefjcpfvdkuf&HkygyJ}
]tJ'gudkawmh uRefawmf vkyfwwfygw,f}
tckrS ol owdxm;rdonf/ xkdvli,f\tusÐ&ifbwfrSm emrnfygaom

av;axmifh&ifxdk;jym; ao;ao;av; csdwfqGJxm;\/ tjymeka&mifay:rSm
teufa&mif pmvHk;rsm; jzpfonf/ xkdemrnfudk ol vSrf;zwfMunfhvdkuf\/
olxdkemrnfudk zwfaerSef;vnf; xdkvli,fu odaeyHk&onf/ jyHK;aeonf/
][kwfjyDav? cifAsm;ajzzdkY cufcJae&ifawmh tJ'Dar;cGef;udk ausmfcJhyg?

&ygw,f}
aea&mifcefY.../
ol xdwfceJ jzpfoGm;\/ 'gjzifh...olymm upfupf&JU tpfudkyJ/ wpfcgrS

vlcsif;rawGYzl;aomf vnf; upfupfrSm aea&mifcefYqkdawmh tpfudkwpfa,muf&SdrSef;
olodxm;ygonf/ ol uref;uwef; acgif;rwfoGm;\/
]r[kwfbl;? uRefawmfajymcsifwmu olYudk uRefawmfrcspfbl;qdk&if

'Dae&mudkawmif uRefawmf a&mufvmrSm r[kwfygbl;? cspfvdkYom a&mufvmwmyJ}
pmrsufESm (28)
aea&mifcefYu olYtm; vlMuD; tjyHK;rsdK;jzifh Munfhae\/
ol rcHcsif jzpfoGm;onf/ olu 'DtjyHK;rsdK;eJY ighudk Munfh&atmif olu

ighxuf b,favmuf toufMuD;aevdkYvJ/ 'grSr[kwf...ighnDudk ig cspfw,fqdkwm
ol r,Hkekdifwmvm;/
]uRefawmf...blwm&HkeJY um;*dwfawGudk vdkufoGm;jyD; rpHkprf;cJhwmymm olYudk

uRefawmf rcspfbl;vdkYt"dyÜm,fxGufoGm;ovm;}
aea&mifcefYu rsufcHk;yifhMunfhonf/
]uRefawmf tckxd bmt"dyÜm,frS raumuf&ao;ygbl;? aemufjyD;

uRefawmf ajymr,f? 'Dar;cGef;aMumifhawmh 'Davmuf pdwfrylygeJY? 'gu
um,uH&SifawG udk,fhudk,fudk aocsmatmif ar;xm;wmyg}
]b,fvdktwef;tpm;xJu aumifrsdK;yJ jzpfjzpf olYnDukdawmh cspfrSmygyJ}
ol rcHcsifpGm ajymrdonf/ aea&mifcefYu jyHK;í olYtm; ajz&Sif;onf/
]'Dar;cGef;av;awGu vltm;vHk;twGuf a,bk,s pOf;pm;jyD;

xnfhar;xm;wmrdkYyg? ZeD;twGuf vmwJh cifyGef; &Sdr,f? wltwGuf vmwJh OD;av;
&Sdr,f? 'gaMumifh yxrydkif; ar;cGef;awGrSm rnfodkYawmfpyfovJqdkwm
xnfhxm;wm? 'gaMumifh olYudk oifcspfygovm; qdkwmymm a,bk,svlawGtwGuf
a,bk,sar;cGef;yg? 'gudk t&ifem;vnfxm;zdkYvdkygw,f}
pmrsufESm (29)
ol wif;xm;aom pdwfudk jyefavSsmhcsvdkufonf/ [kwfygvdrfhr,f?

'Dvdkqdkawmhvnf; 'Dar;cGef;ymm r,HkouFmar;cGef;wpfck r[kwfawmhbl;aygh/
aemufjyD;...apmapmu cifAsm;ajymwmwpfck uRefawmf oabmrwlygbl;}
od'¨d olYtm; zswfceJ armhMunfhvdkufonf/ eufarSmifaom rsufvHk;rsm;u

vlMuD;qefqef £ajE´&aeonf/
]b,fvdkvlrsdK;yJ jzpfjzpf olYnDukdawmh olcspfrSmyJ qdkwmav? tJ'gawmh

r[kwfbl;Asm? nDtpfudkwkdif;awmh wpfa,mufudk wpfa,muf cspfw,fvdkY
rcHpm;Mu&ygbl;? Oyrm...}
aea&mifcefYonf pum;udk qufajymoifh rajymoifh csifhcsdefaeovdkyif

cP&yfxm;ao;\/ jyD;rS qufajymygonf/
]Oyrm ... uRefawmfwdkY nDtpfudk qkdygawmh}
ol aea&mifcefYudk pl;pdkufpGm Munfhrdonf/ nDtpfudk[laom pum;aMumifh

jzpfonf/ upfupfrSm aea&mifcefY[laom tpfudkwpfa,mufwnf;yg/
]uRefawmfhnDudk uRefawmf rcspfcJhbl;}
ol wpfcsuf &,fvdkufrdonf/ olYxHrS trSeftwdkif; ajz&J&ef arSsmfvifhjyD;

pum;tpfatmufwmyJ jzpfrSmyg/
]cifAsm; bmjzpfvdkY&,fwmvJ}
pmrsufESm (30)
aea&mifcefYu El;nHhpGm ar;onf/
]tpfudkYrSm nD&SdvdkYvm;}
aea&mifcefYcP jidrfoufoGm;\/ olYtm; cyfpdkufpdkuf Munfh&if;

jyHK;avonf/
]uRefawmfhrSm nD&Sdygw,f? upfupfu cifAsm;udk rajymzl;bl; xifw,f}
ymm.../ ol...odaew,f/ od'¨d aEG;ceJ rsufESmyloGm;onf/
]rajymcJhbl; qdk&ifvJ bmaMumifh rajymcJhovJ qdkwm cifAsm;

awG;Munfh,lvdkY &rSmyg? rdom;pktwGuf *kPfoa& nSdK;EGrf;apw,fvdkY cHpm;&&if
tJ'Dvludk rdom;pku pm&if;xJuae wwfedkiforSs azsmufcsifMuwm xHk;pHygyJ?
olymm rdom;pktwGuf bmrS t"dyÜm,fr&SdcJhovdkav/ rdom;pkqdkwJh todkuftjrHK
uav;wpfcktwGuf ol b,fae&muae b,fvdk yg0ifcJhzl;w,f qdkwmudkvJ
xnfhrwGufcsifMuawmhbl;? wu,fawmh tJ'g rw&m;ygbl;? olYudk rcspfwmu
obm0yJ? olYudk udk,fhb0xJu xkwfypfzkdYMudK;pm;wmu obm0xuf vGefoGm;jyD}
olonf aea&mifcefYtm; ai;armMunfhaerdonf/
aea&mifcefYonf &kwfw&uf pum;jzwfawmufvdkuf\/
]tdkau... 'gawGajymzdkY uRefawmfwdkYrSm tcsdefawG trsm;MuD;usefOD;rSmyg?

ckavmavmq,fawmh cifAsm;nDtaMumif; cifAsm; pOf;pm;zkdY t&ifvkyfMu&atmif?
pmrsufESm (31)
'Dar;cGef;av;awGudk tjynfhtpHkajzjyD;awmh aemufwpfywfrSm uRefawmfhqD

,lvmcJhyg}
]aemufwpfywf...}
][kwfw,fav? aemufwpfywf 'Dvdktcsdef}
ol enf;enf; pdwfuoduatmuf jzpfoGm;onf/
]tJ'g...odyfMumoGm;rvm;vdkY}
aea&mifcefYu olYcHpm;csufudk em;vnfoGm;ymef&Sd\/ jyHK;vdkufonf/
]tck cifAsm;nD tdrfu xGufoGm;wm b,favmuf MumjyDvJ}
]q,fhig;&uf &SdygjyD}
]q,fhig;&ufawmif cifAsm; aeedkifcJhjyD;jyDyJ? ESpfq,fhESpf&uf aeedkifzdkY

odyfrcufcJygbl;? 'Dvdkav ... cifAsm;pdwfylaewJh t&mawGymm 15&uftwGif;
rjzpfcJhbl;qdk&if 22&uftwGif;vJ rjzpfygbl;}
xkdYaemuf ol ukvm;xdkifrS xvdkufjyD; pm;yGJudk ywfum rdrd&Sd&modkY

avSsmufvmaeonf/ aea&mifcefY\ rsufESmusyHkrSm Munfhaumif;jyD; ajyjypfayr,fh
tom;ta&uawmh acsmarGUrI r&SdbJ Murf;wrf;\/
]aemufjyD; uRefawmfwdkY &Hk;cef;u pae we*FaEGyJ zGifhwmrdkYyg}
pmrsufESm (32)
olxdkif&mrS x&yfvdkufonfhtcg aea&mifcefYu EIwfquf&ef

vufurf;ay;\/ xkdvufudk ol qkyfudkifvdkufonf/ olpdrf;wpfa,mufudk ol
wpfcgrS vufqGJrEIwfqufzl;yg/ xkdvuf\ aEG;axG;rIonf olYudk,fcE¨mxJodkY
pD;0ifoGm;onfudk cHpm;&onf/
]wu,fvdkY... cifAsm; 'DtawmtwGif; awGYzkdYvdktyfw,fqdk&if nae

&Hk;qif;csdef aemufydkif; tdrfrSm vmawGYedkifygw,f? xHk;pHuawmh uRefawmf'D&Hk;u
trIudk tdrfrSm rcsdef;ygbl;? cifAsm;uawmh...}
olYt&yfonf aea&mifcefYxuf ESpfvufravmuf ydkjrifhonf[k

cHpm;&onf/ onftwGufawmh ol auseyfoGm;\/
]aqm&D; tpfudk... uRefawmf olrsm;xufydkjyD; tcGifhta&; r,lygbl;?

uRefawmf aemufpaeaeYusrS vmcJhygr,f}
]aumif;jyD? aMomf...'geJY}
ol wHcg;qDodkY ajcvSrf;vSrf;csdefwGif aea&mifcefY\ pum;oHaMumifh ol

jyef&yfoGm;\/
]cifAsm; nDtpfudk armifESrtm;vHk;eJY rdbawGudkyg 'Dar;cGef;awG ajzcdkif;yg?

rdwåLul;jyD; ajzcdkif;yg}
]uRefawmfhrSm wjcm; nDtpfudkarmifESr r&Sdygbl;? wu,fr&Sdwmyg}
aea&mifcefYu jyHK;í acgif;ndwfum ]tdkau} [k qdkonf/
pmrsufESm (33)
]aemufjyD; uRefawmfhrSm araryJ &Sdw,f? taz r&Sdygbl;}
][kwfjyDav? 'gjzifh cifAsm;tarudk ajzcdkif;ay;yg}
bmar;cGef;udkrS ararajzrSm r[kwf/ bmar;cGef;udkrSvnf; ararhudk

oljyrnf r[kwf/
]em;rvnfwm&Sd&if reufjzef aeYv,f 1em&DeJY 2em&DMum;rSm uRefawmfhqD

'D&Hk;cef;zkef;eJY vSrf;ar;edkifygw,f}
ol csDwkefcswkH pOf;pm;aejyD;aemuf pdwfqHk;jzwfum ajymvdkuf\/
]tckar;vdkY&rvm;}
aea&mifcefYxdkar;cGef;udk arSsmfvifhyHkr&/ aMumifoGm;jyD;rS acgif;ndwfonf/
]uRefawmf tpfudkwdkY&Hk;cef;udk vmwm 'Dyghudk tpfudkwdkYu ul&Smay;r,f

xifvdkYyg}
]uRefawmfwdkYul&Smay;rSmyg}
]'gayrJh tckawmh uRefawmfhudk 'Dar;cGef;wpfxyfMuD;yJ ay;vkdufw,f?

uRefawmf em;rvnfwm tJ'gyJ? ar;cGef;awGymm aysmufaewJh vludk b,fvdk
&Smay;edkifrSmvJ? ar;cGef;awGymm tdrfrSm r&SdawmhwJh vlwpfa,mufudk
tdrfjyefa&mufvmatmif b,fvdk ac:ay;ekdifrvJ ... tJ'g uRefawmfem;rvnfbl;}
pmrsufESm (34)
aea&mifcefYu olYa&SYodkY wdk;uyfvmonf/ odkYaomf olYrsufvHk;udk

rMunfhyg/ olYwD&Syf tusÐ&ifbwfrS pmwef;udk Munfhonf/ xkdYaemuf wpfvHk;csif;
El;nHhpGm ajymonf/
]tck uRefawmfwdkYolYudk vdkuf&SmrSmu udk,fcE¨meJYvdkuf&SmrSm r[kwfbl;?

pdwfudk pdwfeJY vdkuf&SmOD;rSm? olYpdwfaemufudk udk,fhpdwfeJYvdkufzdkYuvJ olYpdwfukda&m
udk,fhpdwfudkyg odxm;zkdYvdkygw,f? tJ'Dvdk odzkdYvJ 'Dar;cGef;awGudk ajz&wmyg?
'Dvkd ajzrSvJ udk,fhpdwfudk olYpdwfudk tjyefjyef tvSefvSef a0zefqef;ppfjyD;
odekdifygvdrfhr,f? tJ'DtcgrSm cifAsm; udk,fhudk,fudk oleJYywfowfjyD; trSeftwdkif;
jrifvmvdrfhr,f? olYudkvJ em;vnfvmvdrfhr,f? tJ'Dus&if olbmaMumifh tdrfu
xGufoGm;ovJqdkwJh tajzudk cifAsm;odoGm;r,f? tJ'DtcgrSm olYudk &SmzdkY
enf;vrf;awG cifAsm; pOf;pm;edkifoGm;ygvdrfhr,f}
ol tHhMooGm;ygonf/
]tJ'Davmuf vG,fvdkYvm;}
][kwfw,f? tJ'Davmuf vG,fygw,f}
ol r,HkYw,Hkjzifh ycHk;wGefYum wHcg;qD avSsmufoGm;vdkufonf/
]wpfckyJ &Sdw,f}
aea&mifcefYu vSrfajymjyefonf/ ol zswfceJ vSnfhMunfhvdkuf\/
]udk,fhudk,fudk rnmbJ trSeftwdkif; ajzzkdYawmh vdkvdrfhr,f}
pmrsufESm (35)
onfwpfcgawmh aea&mifcefYu od'¨d\rsufvHk;awGxJudk pdkufMunfhaecJh

ygonf/
pmrsufESm (36)
(5)
q,fhajcmuf&ufajrmufaeY...eHeuf/
vli,fuav;wpfa,muf&JYOD;acgif;xJrSm
ajymif;jyefpD;qif;wJh jrpfwpfpif; &Sdw,f/
(Miroslav Holub)
tjzpftysufu awmfawmfjref\/ jyuGufta&TYtajymif; jrefqefonfh

&kyf&SifZmwf0ifum;rsm;vdkyJ puúefYydkif;twGif;rSm tqifhawmfawmfrsm;rsm; jzpfysufjyD;
oGm;jyD/
tcsdK&nfaMumfjimaeaom armf',fvfaumifrav;yHk ydkpwmtMuD;MuD;\

atmufbufrSm t&dyfawGrSef;om odvsuf rsufESmESifh vIyf&Sm;rIrsm; roJuGJvdkufay/
od'¨donf um;vufudkifbD;rS rsufESmudk vGefoGm;atmif udkif;í a&SYqDodkY
owdxm;MunfhrdoGm;onf/ a&SYuuefYvefYjzwfvrf;rMuD;\ wpfzuf yef;jcHa&SYrSm
&IyfaxG;onfh t&dyfoHk;ckudk owdxm;rdonfhtcsdefrSm rD;eDonf wpfq,f*Pef;udk
jyaejyD/ xdkoHk;a,mufonf i,f&G,faom aumifav;rsm; jzpfjyD; ESpfa,mufu
wpfa,mufudk 0dkif;xdk;MudwfaerSef; olodoGm;csdefwGif udk;puúefY/ txkd;cHvdkuf&aom
aumifav;onf onfbufudk rsufESm,dkifvmonfhtcgusrS xkdrsufESmudk ol
oJoJuGJuGJ jrif&onf/
pmrsufESm (37)
]'Dyg....}
olonf um;xJrS xGufjyD; &efjzpfae&modkYajy;xGufoGm;zdkYpdwful;vdkuf\/

um;udk onftwkdif; rD;yGdKifhrSm &yfxm;cJhvSsif ,mOfxdef;&JESifh ol jyóem jzpfrnf/
rD;pdrf;onfhtcg olYum; aemufrS wef;pDaeaom um;awGu ymGef;oHqlnHpGm
yGufavm&dkufukefrnf/ ,mOfpnf;urf;azmufzsufrI? ,mOfaMumydwfqdkYrI?
trsm;jynfol taESmifht,Sufjzpfatmif wm;qD;ydwfqdkYrI ...? pnf;urf;&kdaoaom
vli,fav;onf pnf;urf;yJ vdkufem&rvm;? uHaumif;axmufrpGm
vSrf;jrifvdkuf&onfh nDjzpfol tdrfajy;av;qDyJ ajy;vdkufoGm;&rvm;...
a0cGJr&edkifatmif &Sdonf/
ckepfpuúefY? 'Dygonf vrf;v,fuRef;ay:rSm usaeaom &Snfarsmarsm

t&mwpfckudk aumuf,lvdkufjyD; olESifh teD;qHk;aumifudk &dkuf&ef tm;&yg;&
vufvTJvdkuf\/
od'¨d jAKef;ceJ um;wHcg; zGifhqif;vdkufawmhonf/
]'Dyg}
wpfa,mufa,mufu wm;vdkufMuprf;yg/ 'Daumifav;awG b,folrS

bmrS rjzpfatmif wm;vdkufprf;yg/ od'¨d\ajy;vmaom ajcaxmufrsm;onf
rsOf;0gay:wGif wkefYceJ &yfoGm;\/ a&SYu uefYvefYjzwfvrf;rMuD;ay:rSm um;awG
t&Sdefjzifh 0SD;ceJ 0SD;ceJ vsifjrefpGm armif;oGm;aeMuonf/ olb,fvdkrsm;
ul;&ygrvJ/
pmrsufESm (38)
'Dyg\vufu rmausmaom t&mESifh OD;acgif;wpfck xdcdkufoGm;onfh

toHonf um;bD;a&GYvsm;oH? um;ymGef;oHrsm;udk ausmfí us,favmifpGm
jrnf;ymnf;oGm;\/
]rvkyfeJY...}
OD;acgif;rS jzmceJ xGufvmaom aoG;wcsdKYonf 'Dyg\ rsufESmay:odkYyif

pOfoGm;onf/ av;puúefY.../
]'Dyg...}
t&dkufcHvdkuf&aom aumifuav;onf uGefu&pf Murf;cif;jyifay:odkY

'l;axmufvsuf usoGm;onf/ 'Dygonf vufxJu t&mudk xyfajrSmuf
,lvdkufjyefonf/ oHk;puúefY.../
onfwpfMudrfwGif olYtm; b,ft&murS 'DyghqD ra&mufedkifatmif

wm;qD;vdkY r&edkifawmh/ uefYvefYvrf;rMuD;udk ol rdkufrJpGm jzwfajy;oGm;
vdkufonf/
]'Dyg...rvkyfeJY}
toHukefatmfympfvdkufaom olYtoHaMumifh 'Dyg vSnhfMunfhonf/ olYudk

jrifoGm;aomtcg 'Dyg jyHK;vmonf/ 'Dyg\ tjyHK;u cg;oD;aom tjyHK;/
jyHK;vsufom;uyif 'Dygonf vufxJu t&mjzifh OD;acgif;udk vTJ&dkufcsvdkufonf/
'kef;ceJ toHwpfck jrnfymdef;oGm;\/ um;b&dwftkyfoHwpfck us,favmifpGm
Mum;vdkuf&onf/
pmrsufESm (39)
od'¨d\wpfudk,fvHk; vGifhpOfoGm;onf/ OD;acgif;qDrS tqrwef

emusifaom a0'emjzifh rsufvHk;awG jyma0um jrifuGif;wpfckvHk; a00g;oGm;onf/
'Dyg...? rif;&dkufvdkufwm b,folYudkvJ/
]rif;udk}
'Dyg\ cg;oD;aom tjyHK;rsufESmu olYrsufESmqDodkYvsifjrefpGm

eD;uyfvm\/
]rvkyfygeJY? rif;udk igbmvkyfrdvdkYvJ}
olonf vJusae&mrS vSdrfhxGufajy;&ef MudK;pm;onf/
tarSmifxJrS &kwfw&uf tvif;xJodkYa&mufoGm;\/
]'Dyg}
olonf um;vrf;ay:wGif vJusaeaom olYudk,fol awGY&rnfhtpm;

olYckwifay:wGif olYudk,fol awGY&onf/ tcef;acgif;&if;u zefacsmif;rD;a&mifjzifh
wpfcef;vHk; vif;xdefae\/ olYtouf½IEIef;jrefqeffaejyD; ESvHk;u w'dwf'dwf
us,favmifpGm ckefaeonf/ olYrsufESmESifh vnfyif; wpf0dkufwGif acGs;awG
&TJepfaecJhonf/
tJ'g...tdyfrufvm;/
pmrsufESm (40)
olY&ifxJu armyef;wkefvIyfrIrsm;udk oufjyif;&SdKufvsuf yg;pyfrS [l;ceJ

rIwfxkwfypfvdkufonf/ xkdYaemuf tdyf&may: xxdkifvdkufrdavonf/
tdyf&may:rSm pm&GufawG jyefYusJaeonf/ wpf&Guf... ESpf&Guf... oHk;&Guf...

ig;&Guf... ymm... trsm;MuD;ygvm;/ olYausmatmufae&mavmufwGif wpf&Guf/
olonf tdyfcsifrl;wl; rsufvHk;rsm;udk yGwfoyfí xdkpm&Gufudk aumufudkif
zwfMunhfvkdufonf/
olYtay:wGif oifrMudKufqHk; tcsufrsm;udk trSwfpOftwdkif; azmfjyyg/

1...2...3.../
olonf pm&Gufudk vTwfcsvdkuf\/ ol a&iwfaecJhonf/ tmacgifESifh

yg;pyfawG ajcmufaoGYum emusifaeonfudk owdxm;rd\/ oljAKef;ceJ
tcef;jyifodkY xGufvdkufonf/ rD;zdkcef;qDodkYavSsmufvmcJhjyD; rD;cvkwfzGifhvdkufrd\/
rD;zdkcef;eH&HrSm csdwfxm;aom "mwfcJtm;oHk; wdkifuyfem&Du eHeuf 3em&D 10rdepf[k
jyaeonf/
olonf a&cJaowåmudk zGifhvdkufjyD; txJrS a&wpfykvif;xkwf,lum

tzHk;yGifhvsuf onftwdkif; armhaomufcsvdkufonf/ a&iwfajyoGm;aomtcgusrS
a&cJaowåmtwGif; pifay:&Sd rpfuD;armufpf a&cGufav;udk jrifoGm;\/ araronf
a&ykvif;xJu a&udk rpfuD;armufpf a&cGufav;xJ iSJYxnfhjyD;rS
aomufapcsifcJhonf/ od'¨donf t&ifuawmh a&ykvif;xJu a&udk onftwdkif;
armhaomufavh r&SdcJhay/ a&cGufxJ xnfhjyD; aomufavh &Sdonf/ a&ykvif;ufk
onftwdkif; yg;pyfESifh awhjyD; armhaomufwmu 'Dyg.../
pmrsufESm (41)
tJonf tjyKtrludk jrifwdkif; qlylavh&Sdonfu ol..../ ,ckawmh olonf

'DyghvdkyJ jyKrlrdaejyD/
tcef;xJ jyefa&mufaomtcg olonf ar;cGef;pm&GufawGudk

aumufudkifrdrSmpdk;í olYckwifqD roGm;bJ 'DyghckwifqDodkYoGm;vdkufonf/ 'Dyg\
tdyf&mzHk;udk qGJvSyfum arGY&may: olvSJcsvdkuf\/ acgif;tHk;onf avSsmfjyD;p
t0wfwpfck\ &eHYrsdK; qyfjymeHYoif;aeonf/ 'Dyg r&Sdayr,fh araronf
'Dyghtdyf&mudk olYtdyf&mESifh twl avSsmfay;cJhymef &Sdonf/
ararhtcef;ESifh jcm;xm;aom eH&Hudk olvufjzifh tomxdvdkuf\/

ararhtcef;rSm wdwfqdwfjidrfoufaeonf/ eH&Hay:rSm &kyfyHkaygif;rsm;pGmudk 'Dyg
uyfxm;cJhonf/ xdkyHkawGudk olwpfcgrS aphaphpyfpyf rMunfhcJhzl;yg/ xdkyHkrsm;udk
olrsufpd aemufygonf/
olYckwif\ ab;u eH&Huawmh &Sif;vif;aeonf/ olonf eH&HrSm

bmypönf; bmyHkrS uyfrxm;wmudk MudKufonf/
olonf yufvufvJavsmif;ae&mrS wpfzufodkYapmif;vdkuf\/ olYckwifudk

olrsufESmrlrdonf/
olwdkYckwifESpfvHk;onf wpfckESifhwpfck oHk;av;ayawmh a0;ae\/

odyfvnf; uyfrae? wpfzufcef;u arar rMum;atmif wD;wdk;pum;ajymcsifvSsif
ESpfa,mufom; ckwifpGef;awGodkYwdk;uyfjyD; acgif;csif;qdkifí ajymedkif&Hkawmh
eD;avonf/
pmrsufESm (42)
]'Dyg...aeYv,fu rif; bmtcsdK; csdK;wmvJ}
]bmvkyfvdkYvJ}
]pm;aomufqdkifrSmwkef;uvJ arareJYOD;ÚmPfudk uyfxkdifjzpfatmif rif;

vkyfw,f? tjyefusawmhvJ a&SYrSm OD;ÚmPfudk xdkifcdkif;w,f? tJ'g bmtcsdK;vJ?
rif;u ararhudk awmfawmf &ufa&maeovm;}
]aymmAsm...igu uav;? OD;ÚmPfu vlMuD;yJ? vlMuD;udk a&SUcef;rSm

ae&may;rSaygh}
]eD;pyfoGm;awmh b,fES,fhvkyfrvJ}
]eD;pyfoGm;awmh aumif;wmayghuGm? OD;ÚmPfu ightazjzpfvm&if

igvdkcsifwmawG tukef0,fay;rSm}
]ymm...acG;aumif? yg;pyfykyfMuD;eJYavSsmufrajymeJY}
ol pdwfwdkoGm;\/ toHudk wdwfedkiforSs ESdrhfí 'Dyghudk aigufawmh 'Dyg

&,favonf/
]wu,fajymwm udkudk&? ararh toufu ti,fav; &Sdao;wm?

wpfa,mufa,mufeJYawmh pGHrSmyJ}
]rpGH&ygbl;? rif; aemufwpfcg zefay;&if ighvufoD;eJYawGYr,f}
pmrsufESm (43)
'Dygonf olYudk,fol acwfrDonf? vGwfvyfyGifhvif;onf[k tjrJ*kPf,ljyD;

od'¨dudkawmh wHk;wHk;tt a&S;&dk;pGJ&Sdol[k tjrJa0zefavh&Sdonf/
od'¨drMunfhaom AGD'D,dkZmwfum;tcsdKUudk Munfhcsifonf/ pmtkyfwcsdKUudk

Munfhcsifonf/
]wpfcgavmuf MunfhMunfhprf;yg udkudk&m? tawGYtMuHK&wmaygh?

Munfhrvm;? ig,lvmcJhr,f}
]awmfjyD}
'Dyg wdk;wdk;av; &,faecJhonf/
olYtay: oif rMudKufqHk;tcsufrsm;.../
od'¨donf rsufpdwtm; rSdwfypfvkdufonf/ 'DtcsufawGudk b,fvdkvkyfjyD;

ajzedkifyghrvJ/ olwdkYnDtpfudkom odjyD; ararawmif rodonfh vSsdKU0SufcsufawGudk
pm&Gufay:rSm twdtvif; a&;jyD; vlpdrf;wpfa,mufudk jy&rSmvm;/ tJ'Dvdk
zGifhajymwdkifyifrS olYnDudk oljyef&rSmvm;/ ra&;bl;...b,fawmhrS ra&;bl;/
olonf qHk;jzwfcsufusoGm;um pdwfoufompGm rsufvHk; jyefzGifhvdkuf\/
wjcm; rMuKdufwJh tcsufawG pOf;pm;/
'Dygonf pmusufvSsif tjrJidkufavh&Sdonf/ 'Daumif pmudk

pdwfr0ifpm;bl;/
pmrsufESm (44)
'Dyg pmusufwmudk apmifhMunfh&wdkif; olpdwfwdk&\/ olpdwfwdkwdkif;vnf;

'Dygh acgif;udk vufoD;qkyfjzifh rxkrdatmif renf;xdef;csKyf&onf/ wpfcgwpfcg
atmifjrifvsuf wpfcgwpfcg ratmifjrifay/
]ymm...'Daumif}
olYvufoD;ESihf xdrdvSsif 'DyghrsufvHk; us,foGm;wwfonf/ 'gayrJh tJ'gu

odyfMumMumrcHyg/ rjrifzl;aom t*FvdyfpmvHk;tpkrsm;qD tm&HkpdkufrdjyD;
pmvHk;awGjzifh od'¨dOD;aESmuf tMuD;tus,f ajcmufaecsdefwGif 'Dyg idkufoGm;jyef\/
olYpmrsufESmrS rsufpdvTJjyD; 'DyghqD Munfhrdawmh 'Dyg idkufaeonfudk awGY&jyefonf/
ol pdwfysufvufysuf jzpfoGm;onf/
]'Dyg}
od'¨d cyfwdk;wdk;atmfvdkufaomtcgusrS 'Dygu uref;uwef; udk,fudk

rwfum 0&l;0&l;ESifh pmawGudk &Gwfygonf/ r[kwfao;ygbl;? 'g r[kwfao;bl;/
]udk,fhurÇmajrMuD;ay:rSm vSsyfppf"mwfawG wpfae&meJYwpfae&m b,fvdk

pD;oGm;ovJqdkwm rif;pdwfr0ifpm;bl;vm;}
olar;awmh 'Dygu &,fusJusJ rsufESmESifh ajz\/
]r0ifpm;bl;? ightwGufu b,fcvkwfudk ESdyf&if b,frD;yGifhrvJ od&if

&jyDuG}
pmrsufESm (45)
od'¨donf vSJtdyfae&mrS xvdkufjyD; rdrdckwifqD avSsmufoGm;vdkufonf/

ckwifay:rSm
apmapmu olypfcsxm;cJhaom pm&Gufudk aumufudkifvdkuf\/

acgif;tHk;ab;u abmvfyifudk ,ljyD; pm&Gufay:wGif pmwpfaMumif; qufa&;
vdkuf\/
]4? ausmif;om;wm0efrausyGefwmudk uRefawmf rMudKufyg}
xdkpmaMumif;\ txufrSm oHk;aMumif;a&;xm;jyD;om;/
]1? tkyfpkvdkuf csdef;yGJawG vkyfjyD; &efjzpfwmudk uRefawmf rMudKufyg}
]2? wGufuyfw,fvdkY uRefawmfhudk tjrJpGyfpGJwwfwmudk uRefawmf

rMudKufyg}
]3? uRefawmfh pmMunfhpm;yGJudk &Sif;ay;csifa,mif aqmifjyD; pmawG

cdk;zwfwm uRefawmf rMudKufyg}
olonf a&;vufp pmaMumif;rsm;udk jyefzwf&if; awGa0ae\/
tJ'gawGu 'Dyghtay:rSm olrMudKufedkifqHk; tcsufawG [kwfyg&JYvm;/

[kwfw,f[k olaocsmcsifaomfvnf; r[kwfbl;[k ol odaeonf/ 'ghxuf
rMudKufwmawG &Sdao;w,f/ 'gayrJh igra&;bl;? bmawGvJ/ ol rsufpdwpfcsuf
rSdwfvdkufjyefonf/
pmrsufESm (46)
'Dygonf tdyfcef;xJrSm wpfa,mufwnf; &SdaecsdefwGif tdyfcef;wHcg;udk

twGif;rS cvkwfcsxm;wwfonf/ oltjyifu jyefvmvdkY wHcg;cvkwfcsxm;wmESifh
&ifqdkifwdk;&vSsif ol pdwfwdk&onf/ wHcg;udk w'kef;'kef; xkypfvdkufrdwwfonf/
]'Dyg wHcg; zGifhprf;}
bmjzpfvdkYwHcg;udk ydwfxm;ovJ [k olpOf;pm;í r&edkifay/
]bmudpö ydwfxm;&wmvJ? 'Dtcef;udk rif;wpfa,mufwnf; ydkifwm

r[kwfbl;}
ol a'gojzifh aymmufawmh 'Dyg bmrS rajymbJ jidrfaeavonf/ 'Dyg\

tJvdk rxHkwufaw; trlt&mudk jrif&vSsif olydkí pdwfwdk&onf/
]wHcg;ydwfjyD; rif; bmawG r[kwfw&kwf vkyfaewmvJ}
'Dygh yg;jyifESpfzuf &JceJ eDoGm;wmudk owdxm;rdonfhtcg olrsufESm

vTJypfvkdufjyD; ausmydk;tdwfudk ckwifay:odkY0kef;ceJ ypfwifvdkufawmhonf/
od'¨donf xkdtcsufudk eHygwf 5 tjzpfa&;zdkYvufwGefYaecJhonf/
wu,fawmh rMudKufqHk;tcsufrsm;udk a&;rnfqdkvSsif aemufxyf

trsm;MuD; xGufvmOD;rSmyJ/ 'gudk ar;cGef;pDpOfolawGu MudKwifwGufqxm;rdyHk
ay:\/ ay;xm;aom uGufvyfESifh rqHhvSsif pm&Gufwpf&GufwGif oD;oefYa&;í
yl;wGJazmfjyedkifygonf wJh/
olonf av;csufqdkvSsif vHkavmufjyD [k qHk;jzwfonf/
pmrsufESm (47)
xdkYaemuf aemufar;cGef;wpfckodkYausmfvdkuf\/
oifrMudKufaom tjyKtrlrsm;twGuf olYudk oif b,fvdk 'Pfay;wwf

ygovJ/
o qlylrmefrJonf/
o &dkufESufonf/
o tmPmydkifolwpfa,muftm; wdkifMum;onf/
o tjcm;enf;vrf;&Sdao;vSsif twdtus azmfjy&ef/
od'¨donf vufenf;enf; wGefYaejyD;aemuf tay:qHk;tuGuf

]qlylrmefrJonf} ae&mwGif trSefjcpfvdkuf\/ ar;cGef;wpfckvSsif tajzwpfckyJ
&Sd&rvm;? olroday/ aea&mifcefYuvnf; bmrS rajymvdkufay/ wu,fvdkYom
tajzwpfckxufydkvdkY&vSsif ol 'kwd,tuGufudkyg trSefjcpfrvm;[k olYudk,fol
jyefpOf;pm;onf/
'Dygudk olwpfcgwpfav pdwftcefYroifhvSsif em;&if; tkyfrdjcif;?

vufoD;qkyfjzifh cyfzGzG xjcif;wdkYudk jyKvkyfzl;onf/ emusifatmifawmh r[kwf/
'gymm &dkufESufonf[laom tjypfay;enf; trsdK;tpm;r[kwf[k olYudk,fol
aocsmonf/ xdkYaMumifh xdktuGufudk trSefjcpfp&m rvdk/
'gayrJh ararhudk wpfcgwpfcg wdkifrdwmvnf; &Sd\/ xdkYaMumifh

wwd,tuGufrSmvnf; trSefjcpf&ef tusHK;0ifaeonf/ aemufjyD; ol awmfawmf
pdwfwdkvSsif 'DygESifh rsufESmcsif; rqdkifrdatmif pum;rajymrdatmif
a&Smifrdwwfao;\/ 'gu ]wjcm;enf;} xJwGif tusHK;0ifovm; rajymwwfyg/
pmrsufESm (48)
tdk.../ udpör&Sdygbl;/ ol tjrJvkyfaeus 'Pfay;enf;tjzpf yxrqHk;

tuGufu toifhawmfqHk; tajzygyJ/
ol pdwfauseyfoGm;um aemufar;cGef;wpfck ausmfvdkufonf/
olYtay: oiftMudKufqHk; tcsufrsm;/
'Dyghtay: rdrdbmawG MudKufovJ/
'Dyg &kyf&nfacsmarmwmudk MudKdufovm;? rMudKufbl;/ 'Dyg taygif;toif;

qHhwmudk MudKufovm;/ tif;...'gu odyfawmh ta&;rMuD;ygbl;/ arar
xrif;ymif;csufwmudk 'Dyg ulvkyfwmudk MudKufovm;/ 'gvnf; xl;xl;jcm;jcm;
MudKufp&m r[kwfygbl;/ ararcdkif;&if nDtpfudk ESpfa,mufvHk; vkyfay;aeusyJ/
rMudKufqHk;t&mawG rsm;jym;oavmuf tMudKufqHk;t&mudkawmh wpfckrS

pOf;pm;vdkYr&ay/
wpfckckawmh xnfhrSmaygh/ pOf;pm;ygOD;/ 'Dygymm bmawG aumif;ovJ/

pum;ajymyHkqdkyHk? tjyKtrl/ ol acgif;,rf;csifvm\/ xdkYaemuf 'Dyg\
aumif;uGufav; wpfckudk owd&oGm;onf/
'Dygonf od'¨d xrif;pm;jyD;aom yef;uefjym;udk rMumcP aq;ay;avh

&Sdonf/
aumif;w,f/ tJ'g a&;vdkufr,f/
odkYaomf 'Dhxufaumif;aom tcsufwpfckudk olowd&oGm;jyef\/
pmrsufESm (49)
'Dygonf od'¨d acgif;udkufjyD; ckwifay:rSm vSJaeonfh tcgrsdK;wGif

tem;rSmxdkifjyD; em;xifESifh ukyfydk;udk wwfoa&GU rSwfoa&GU ESdyfe,f ay;wwfonf/
usm;y&kwfqDbl;uav;udk ESmacgif;0wGif awhjyD; t&Icdkif;wwfonf/
]udkudk... 'pfpfy&if aemufwpfjym;avmuf xyfaomuf&if aumif;r,f

xifw,f}
olonf aq;rsm;oGm;rSmvnf; aMumufojzifh rsufpdrzGifhbJ vufumjy

onf/ onfawmhvnf; 'Dygonf aq;tpGrf;jycsdeftxd tem;rSmxdkifvsuf
tomt,mESdyfay;aecJhonf/ ol tdyfaysmfoGm;onftxd jzpfonf/ ol tdyf&mu
edk;vmaomtcg acgif;udkufoufomaecJhjyD/
oltenf;i,f jyHK;vdkufjyD; tMudKufqHk; tcsufrsm;wGif eHygwf (1) udk

a&;csvdkuf\/
]uRefawmfh tEGHtwmudk cHwwfwmudk uRefawmf MudKuffygonf}
[kwfw,fav/ 'g...tMudKufqHk; tcsufygyJ/ taotcsmygyJ/
xdkYaemuf aemufar;cGef;wpfck/
oifMudKufaom tjyKtrlrsm;twGuf olYudk oif b,fvdk qkay;wwf

ygovJ/
ol &kwfw&uf awGa0oGm;onf/ qk.../
pmrsufESm (50)
o csD;usL;pum;ajymonf/
o trsm;odatmif csDrGrf;pum;ajymonf/
o vufaqmif ypönf;wpfckckudk qktjzpfay;tyfonf/
o tjcm;enf;&Sdao;vSsif twdtus azmfjyef&ef/
'Dyghudk olcsD;usL;pum;ajymcJhzl;ovm;/ ol rrSwfrdyg/ aus;Zl;wifpum;

ajymcJhzl;ovm;? 'gvnf; olrrSwfrdyg/ vufaqmifypönf;? arG;aeYvufaqmifa&m/
'Dyghudk olbmay;zl;ovJ/
olYvufxJrS abmvfyifudk olvTwfcsvdkuf\/ oljyeftdyfzdkYtcsdefa&mufjyD/
xdkYaemuf acgif;tHk;ay: rsufESmtyf arSmufcsypfvdkufygonf/
pmrsufESm (51)
(6)
q,fhajcmuf&ufajrmufaeY...aeYv,f/
rif;odyfaESmifhaES;aevdkY
rif;b0 ,dk,Gif;ysufpD;oGm;&w,f
rif;odyftvsifvdkaevdkY
uHaumif;rIawG ukefqHk;&w,f
rif; odyfpGJjrJaevdkY
rif;qkyfudkifxm;wmawG vGwfoGm;&w,f
(Francois Villion)
aumfzDat;wpfcGufESifh &dk;&dk; 'dk;ewfrkefYwpfuGif;udk vifyef;xJ xnfhvsuf

xdkifcHkae&mvGwfwpfckudk vdkuf&SmaecsdefwGif wpfa,mufa,mufu olYemrnf
vSrf;ac:oH Mum;&ygonf/
]udkod'¨d...}
rsm;jym;vSaom pm;yGJrsm; tm;vHk;vdkvdk vljynfhaejyD/ olYudk

vSrf;ac:vdkufaom pm;yGJrSm tcef;\axmifhpGef;ae&mü &Sdonf/ xdkpm;yGJ&Sd&modkY
vSrf;Munfhvdkufaomtcg 'Dygholi,fcsif; oHk;a,muftkyfpkudk awGYvdkuf&\/ ol
pdwfnpfoGm;onf/ ar;cGef;awG aygufwwfu& ar;MuvdrfhOD;rnf/
pmrsufESm (52)
]'DrSm xdkifcHkwpfck vGwfw,fAs}
ol acgif;wpfcsuf ndwfjyD; vljynfhaeaom pm;yGJrsm;udk

auGUywfavSsmufum olwdkYqD a&mufoGm;onf/ vGwfaeaom xdkifcHkwGif ol
0ifxkdifvdkufcsdefwGif pm;yGJay:ü aumfzDzefcGufESifh rkefYrsm; tajymif&Sif;jyD;om;
jzpfaejyDudk ol owdxm;rdonf/
]rif;wdkYu aomufvdkYjyD;oGm;jyDvm;? oGm;p&m &Sdwm oGm;aemf? ighudk

tm;remeJY}
]yxrawmh xGufrvdkYyJ? tpfudkYudk awGYawmh aevdkufOD;r,f? bmowif;

xl;ao;vJ}
bmowif;xl;ao;vJ/
tckwavm olwkdYtcsif;csif; awGYrdqHkrdvSsif ajymqdkjzpfaom

pum;rsm;teuf ]bmowif;xl;ao;vJ} rSm acwftpm;qHk; ar;cGef;jzpfonf/
]bmrS rxl;ygbl;}
bmowif;xl;ao;vJ/ e,fu ta':u tdrfudk zkef;qufawmhvnf;

onfar;cGef;yJ/ ararh rdwfaqGwcsdKYu zkef;qufawmhvnf; onfar;cGef;yJ/
pdwftm;xufoefaeaom aumifav;oHk;a,muf olYtajzaMumifh tm;avsmh

oGm;onf/
pmrsufESm (53)
]ESpfywfausmfjyD xifw,faemf]
awmf0ifu rsufESmi,fi,fjzihf ajymonf/ olYymmol wpfa,mufwnf;

ajymovm;? od'¨dtm; wdkifwnfajymovm; rod/
]16 &uf...}
olwdkYav;a,muf jidrfoufoGm;Mu\/ ywf0ef;usifuawmh

pum;oHrsm;jzifh tkwftkwfuRwfuRwf jzpfaeonf/ þqdkifrSm 'Davmuf
vlrsm;wmudk od'¨dwpfcgrS rMuHKzl;ay/ jrdKUxJu qdkifrsm;vdk tjrJvlr&IyfbJ
cyfusJusJom &SdwwfaomaMumifh wpfaMumif;? ol pmusufvrf;nTef (study guide)
tjzpf pmvmoif&aom wdkufcef;ESifh eD;aomaMumifh wpfaMumif; þuaz;
qdkifcGJav;odkYcPcP vmrdwwfonf/ ,ckvdkawmh vl&Iyfavhr&Sd/ wpfckck
xl;jcm;aeovdkyJ/
ol yvwfpwpf aumuf&dk;uav;jzifh aumfzDzefcGufudk cyfqwfqwf

arTay;aecdkufrSm a&SUwnfhwnfhrS awmf0ifu olYtm; ai;Munfhaeonf/
olwdkYav;a,mufxJwGif awmf0ifu uav;tqefqHk;? aemufjyD; t0qHk;/
]ausmif;wuf&wm tqifajy&JYvm; awmf0if}
aumifav;u yg;azmif;azmif;av; pltpfoGm;atmif EIwfcrf;plvdkufonf/
]rajybl;? uRefawmfhab;rSm 'Dyg r&Sdawmh ausmif;om;opfwpfa,muf

vmxdkifw,f? 'Daumifu t&pfyJ? pum;vJ wtm;rsm;w,f}
pmrsufESm (54)
]'Dyghxuf rsm;ovm;}
'Dygonf yGpdyGpdESifh tvGefpum;rsm;onf/ 'Duav;u paeom;qdkayr,fh

aomMumaeY txGuf? paet0ifrSm arG;xm;rdwm? 'gaMumifh 'Duav; pum;rsm;wm
jzpfrSm[k araru cPcP cspfpedk;ajymwwf\/
]tm;..rsm;w,f rsm;w,f? ajymvdkuf&ifvJ wDAGDaMumfjimawG taMumif;

csnf;yJ}
'Dyg tdrfu xGufoGm;cgp &ufawGwkef;u od'¨donf awmf0iftm;

enf;enf; ouFmruif; jzpfrdonf/ 'DygESifh awmf0ifu olwkdYtkyfpkwGif twGJqHk;?
wpfa,muftaMumif; wpfa,muf todqHk;/ 'DygjzpforSsudpöudk awmf0ifodonf/
'Dyga&csdK;cef;rSm acsmfvJwmwdkY? tdrfrSm zefcGufusuGJwmwdkY? zkef;xJuae
&nf;pm;pum;ajymcH&wmwdkYudk od'¨du bmrS rod&ayr,fh awmf0if tukefodonf/
'gaMumifhvnf; 'Dyg tdrfu xGufoGm;onfh udpöwGif awmf0ifbmrS rodvdkuf&bl;
qdkwmudk ol enf;enf;rS r,HkcJhay/
]bk&m;pl;...wu,f rodwm? vHk;0rodwm}
]om;...od&if ajymvdkufaemf? rnm&bl;? om; oli,fcsif;udk cspf&if

olaumif;zkdYtwGuf om;trSeftwdkif; zGifhajym&vdrfhr,f}
awmf0if\zcifu rsufESmxm;wif;wif;jzifh od'¨da&SYrSmyif awmf0iftm;

owday;onf/
]odygbl; ygyg;? om; wu,frodvdkYyg? om; rnmygbl;}
pmrsufESm (55)
aumifav; rsuf&nfvnfvmcJhonfhwdkif ol r,HkcJhrday/ aemufydkif;wGif

araronf awmf0iftm; rMumcP awGYqHkjyD; enf;trsdK;rsdK;jzifhf
tpfatmufar;cJhonf/ rcHcsifatmif qGenf;? jcdrf;ajcmufenf;? acsmharmh
awmifyef;enf; trsdK;rsdK; oHk;í ar;cJhonf/
]om;&,f...om;oli,fcsif; udpörSm om; odoavmuf a':a':hudk ajymjyyg?

om; rajymvdkufrdvdkY'Dyg wpfckck jzpfoGm;&if a':a':wdkYaMuuGJaewJhtcsdefrSm
om;vJ aemifw&aerSm aygh? tckae ajymvdkufvdkYa':a':wdkY odoGm;&if 'Dyghudk
u,fvdkY&aumif; &edkifygvdrhfr,f/ qdkygpdkYom;&,f...ath'fpfa&m*gydk; olYudk,fcE¨mxJ
0ifedkifwJh tEÅ&m,fawGudk olrusL;vGef&ao;bl; qdkygpdkY? tckrS olxGufoGm;wm
oHk;&ufyJ &Sdao;w,f? taygif;toif;rSm;aejyDqdk&ifvJ tcsdefawmh rvGefao;bl;?
wpfa,mufa,mufu olYb0udk rzsufqD;&ao;bl;? emusifrIawGudk olrcHpm;&
ao;bl;? a0'emawG olrcHpm;&ao;bl;? rDedkifygao;w,f om;&,f? om;
olli,fcsif;udk u,fzkdY rDekdifygao;w,f/ a':a':hudk oloGm;edkifr,fh ae&mav;
ajymjyyg? cefYrSef;ajcaygh om;&,f? rSm;oGm;&ifvJ a':a': tjypfrwifygbl;? om;
b,fvdkxifovJ}
awmf0ifonf rsufvHk;tjyL;om;jzifh tausmuftuef jiif;cJhavonf/
]om; rodbl; a':a':? 'Dygu om;udk bmrSudk rwkdifyifcJhygbl;}
]rif;wdkYqDaum w,fvDzkef;av; bmav; rvmbl;vm;}
]w,fvDzkef;...? b,fuvJ}
pmrsufESm (56)
Zifrif;a0ESifh awmf0ifu jydKifwlvdkvdk ar;\/
]rif;wdkYoli,fcsif;qDuaygh}
Zifrif;a0ESifh awmf0ifwpfa,mufudk wpfa,muf tlaMumifaMumif

MunfhvdkufMujyD;aemuf jydKifwlacgif;,rf;vdkufMuonf/ od'¨dab;rSm xdkifaeaom
rif;nDu od'¨dbufodkYolY xkdifcHkudk vSnfhvdkufonf/
]edkifiHjcm;rSmvdk y&dkufAdwf 'DwufwpfAf (Private Detective)awG bmawG

&Sd&if aumif;rSmaemf? tckavmufqdk awGYaeavmufjyDAs}
rif;nD\rsufESmxm;u cyfwnfwnf? cyfpdrf;pdrf;/ usefonfh

aumifav;ESpfa,mufvdk odrfarGU&dkusdK;onfhymef r&Sd/ od'¨dtay:vnf; odyf&if;ESD;
cifrifymef rjy/ olYpum;udk Zifrif;a0u uefYuGufonf/
]rif;uvJ &kyf&SifawGMunfhjyD; pdwful;,OfaejyefjyD? pHkaxmuf&SdvdkY

iSm;ygjyDwJh? 'DygeJY ywfowfwJh oJvGefp wpfck ESpfckawmif igwdkYu ray;edkifbJeJY
tJ'DpHkaxmufu b,foGm;&SmrSmvJ? "mwfyHkav;wpfyHkudkifjyd; 'Daumifav;udk
jrifzl;vm;... 'Daumifav;udk awGYrdvm;eJYvdkufar;&r,fhyHk}
]tdk...bmjzpfvJ? aysmufaomol &Sm&ifawGYw,fwJh? pum;yHkawmif

&Sdao;w,f}
od'¨donf rif;nD\rsufESmudk cyfpdkufpdkuf Munfhvdkufonf/ 'Daumif

bmt"dyÜm,feJY ajymvdkufwmvJ/ aysmufaomol &Sm&if awGYw,f...qdkawmh
tckrawGYwm[m r&SmvdkYvdkY pGyfpGJcsifwmvm;/ olu b,fvdk vkduf&Sm&rSmvJ/
pmrsufESm (57)
ESpfa,mufwnf;usefwJh tdrfrSm araruvnf; r*¾Zif;vpOf tcsdefrD

xGufedkifzdkYMudK;pm;? oluvnf; eD;uyfaewJh pmar;yGJtwGuf aeYrtm; nrtm;
MudK;pm;? b,fa&mufaerSef;rodoludk prf;w0g;0g; &SmazGzdkY owif;tpte
av;awmif r&cJh/
aumfzDudk tjywf&Sif;jyD; 'Du xGufoGm;&if aumif;rvm;/ ol

aumfzDvufusefudk wpfiHkwnf;ESifh pkyf,lypfvdkuf\/ atmufajca&cJwHk;rsm;qDrS
*vyf *vyf toHjrnfvmonftxd jzpfonf/
]aymh...aymh...ymdkrSm igwdkYtrIonfav;ESpfa,muf r[kwfvm;}
rif;nD\tm&Hkonf od'¨dxHrSm r&SdawmhjyD/ od'¨d\ aemufbufqDodkY

a&mufoGm;jyD/ rsufESmcsif;qdkifu ESpfa,mufuyg od'¨dudk ausmfí MunfhvdkufMu\/
]at;uG? udk;wef;atu aumifrav;awGaygh}
]igwkdYtrIvdkufc tajyr&ao;bl;aemf}
olwdkYpum;awGaMumifh od'¨dpdwf0ifpm;oGm;onf/
]oGm;awmif;rvm;}
awmf0ifu wufMuGpGmar;\/
]aeOD;uG? olwdkYodcsifwmwpfck igwdkYtajzray;edkifao;bl;}
]bmusefao;vdkYvJ}
pmrsufESm (58)
]uka# oHk;wJh acgif;vdrf;qD trsdK;tpm;}
]Zifrif;a0...rif;awmfawmfwHk;wmyJ? igwkdYolwkdYudk zkef;eHygwfeJY

tdrfvdyfpmawmif ay;jyD;jyDyJ? zkef;qufjyD; acgif;vdrf;qD emrnf olwdkY ar;vdkY
&aejyDavuGm}
]rif;urS wHk;wm? olwdkYu zkef;qufar;&if atmufwmayghuG? wpfcgwnf;

olwdkY tydkifodjyD;om; jzpfae&rSmaygh? 'grS [kdaumifu tHhMojyD; pdwf0ifwpm;
*&kpdkufrdoGm;rSmaygh}
olwdkYtcsif;csif;vnf; pdwful;awG;ac:yHk wlMuymef r&Sd/
]'gjzifhvJ &Sd&SJ'dk;vdkY ajzvdkufwmayghuGm} awmf0ifu zifwMuGMuGESifh ,ckyJ

oGm;awmif;rnfhymef ay:aeonf/
}&Sd&SJ'dk; r[kwf&if aumifrav;awGvJ uRwfoGm;r,f? igwkdYukrÜPDvJ

emrnfysufoGm;r,fuG? ravmeJY? &Sd&SJ'dk;u igwdkYtxifyJ &Sdao;wm}
od'¨draeedkifawmhbJ 0ifar;rdonf/
]rif;wdkYukrÜPDu bmvkyfwmvJ}
]owif;a&mif;0,fjzefYcsda&;aygh tpfudk&? tdkifwDtpfwf vdkYtwdkaumuf

ay;xm;wm?
Information Trading Company aygh/ 'Dyg rajymzl;bl;vm;}
pmrsufESm (59)
ol acgif;,rf;jyvdkufonf/ wu,fawmh 'DygESifholu odyf

&if;ESD;cifrifjcif; r&Sdyg/ wpfaeYwpfaeY od'¨du pmtkyfawGESifh rsufpdcGm&onfr&Sd/
'DygESifh pum;ajymcsdef odyfr&Sdyg/
]b,fvdkowif;rsdK;awGvJ}
]tpHkyJ? ausmif;twGuf owif;? ekdifiHtwGif; owif;? urÇmowif;aygh}
ol&,farmrdawmhonf/
]MuD;us,fvScsnfvm; rif;wdkYOpömu? aps;EIef;ua&m}
]tpm;pm;yJ? vG,f&if vG,fovdk...cuf&if cufovdkaygh tpfudk&m}
Zifrif;a0u olwkdYukrÜPD taMumif;udk pdwfvkdvuf& &Sif;jycsifaeonf/
}Oyrm... udk;wef;wkef;u yxr&wJh aumifrav;&JU t*Fvdyfpm

usL&Sifq&m eHrnf? 'gqdk&if odyfvG,fw,f? 'gaMumifh aps;ESkef;u ESpf&m/
q,fwef; atu pwm;tjzpfqHk; aumifwpfaumif xm;ygawmh? ol xdkifaeus
aumfzDqdkif? 'grSr[kwf olMudKufwJh *DwtzGJYemrnf? tJ'gu rcufwcuf udpördkY
aps;EIef;ig;&m...}
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]ymm...awmif;&wmaygh tpfudk&? tcefYroifh&if uRefawmfwdkY um;eJY

vdkufMunfh&wmrsdK; qdk&if "mwfqDukefwmav? wpfcgwpfcg uRefawmfwdkYawmif
&SHK;ao;w,f}
pmrsufESm (60)
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Zifrif;a0u pyfjzJjzJjzifh &,f\/
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owif;u aemufwpfcg toHk;0ifvmrSmaygh? tJ'Dtcgus bmrS pdkufp&m rvdkbJ
tjrwfcsnf;yJ}
rif;nDu Mum;jzwf0ifajymjyefonf/
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vkyf&w,f tpfudk&? jrwfrSmaocsmwJh owif;rsdK;udk 0,fzkdYawmh vdkwmayghav}
'DaumifawGvnf; racvSygvm;/
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olwdkYoHk;a,muf pdwf0ifpm;oGm;\/ od'¨dqDodkYpkjyHKtm&HkpdkufvmMuonf/
]b,folYowif; odcsifvJ}
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olwdkYrsufESmysufoGm;onf/
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pmrsufESm (61)
awmf0ifupí jiif;avonf/
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usefonfh ESpfa,mufuvnf; jiif;onf/
][kwfw,f? uRefawmfwdkY'DudpörSm bmrSudk rod&wm}
]rjzpfekdifbl;}
olwdkYoHk;a,muf taeusOf;usyfoGm;Muonf/
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olwdkYoHk;a,muf wpfa,mufrsufESm wpfa,muf MunfhMu\/

cPMumawmhrS awmf0ifu rsufvTmcsvsuf ajzonf/
]ESpfq,favmuf &Sdygw,f? twef;wdkif;rSm tzGJY0ifawG xm;w,f? 'gayrJh}
]at;av? 'Davmuf tkyfpkawmifhaewJh owif;ukrÜPDMuD;yJuG?

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olwdkYrsufESmawGrSm pdwfnpfrIuvGJí bmrS rawGY&/
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xGufoGm;w,fqdkwmawmh rif;wdkYodaerSmyg}
olajymrdawmh rif;nDu od'¨dudk wnfhwnfhrMunfhbJ jyefajym\/
pmrsufESm (62)
]udkod'¨dawmif ol bmaMumifhxGufoGm;rSef; rodbl; qdkrSmawmh

uRefawmfwdkYaumifawGu b,fvdkvkyfjyD; odedkifyghrvJ? r[kwfbl;vm; Zifrif;a0}
qkdifwpfckvHk; &,farmoHrsm;? pum;wGwfxdk;oHrsm;? jiif;cHkoHrsm;

tm;vHk;onf od'¨d\ em;xJodkYpkjyHK0ifa&mufvm\/ avmuMuD;ymm rw&m;ygbl;/
olYusrS bmjzpfvdkY'Davmuf eifhoD;pGm xdcdkuf&ovJ/ pum;rsm;\ xdcdkufrI
'Davmuf pyf&SemusifrSef; ol tckrS odonf/
yxrawmh ol tomyJ jidrfaevdkufzkdYygyJ/ odkYaomf ol tckwavm

rsdKodyfedkifpGrf;awG aysmufqHk;ukefcJhjyD/ olonf t&ifu od'¨dr[kwfawmh/
tjcm;wpfa,muf jzpfoGm;jyD/ wtHkaEG;aEG; aumufcsufrsm;? raocsm ra&&mrI
rsm;udk onf;cHedkifpGrf; r&Sdawmhay/
ol rif;nD\ycHk;udk udkifí olYbuf qGJvSnfhvdkuf\/
]rif; tJ'g bmt"dyÜm,feJYajymvdkufwmvJ}
]ymm...}
rif;nDonf olYxHrS uJhodkYyGifhvif;pGm wdkufcdkufrIudk xnfhwGufrxm;cJhbl;

xifonf/ &kwfw&uf tHhMoaMumift oGm;onf/ awmf0ifESifh Zifrif;a0vnf;
vefYoGm;\/
]uRefawmf bmajymvdkYvJ}
]'Dyg tdrfu xGufoGm;wm igeJYywfowfw,fvdkYrif;ajymcsifwmvm;}
pmrsufESm (63)
rif;nDu olYycHk;ay:rSm&Sdaom od'¨d\vufudk qGJz,fvdkufcsdefwGif

rif;nD\ rsufESmonf csufcsif;ajymif;vJoGm;cJhjyD/ tHhMoaom rsufESmr[kwfawmhbJ
cg;oD;aom rsufESmjzpfoGm;onf/
]uRefawmf bmrS rajymcsifbl;? uRefawmf ajymvdkufwm cifAsm;Mum;om;yJ?

tJ'gyJ...udk,fhymmudk,f rvHkrvJeJY t"dyÜm,fawG avSsmufzGifhwmawmh uRefawmfvJ
rwwfedkifbl;}
]rif;pum;u &ifhvScsnfvm;}
]rif;nD awmfjyDuGm? igwdkYoGm;MupdkY}
awmf0ifESifh Zifrif;a0u uref;uwef; x&yfonf/ rif;nDu rxao;/

wpfckckudk ajymcsifaeao;ykH&onf/ rcHcsdrcHom ymefrl&mudk azmfjyaeaom
rsufvHk;rsm;onf od'¨dtm; ayMunfhae\/
]rif;nD...vmuGm}
Zifrif;a0u rif;nDtm; vufarmif;rS qGJxlawmh rif;nDx&yfonf/
]cifAsm;u wu,fqdkufudkyJ? cifAsm;udk uRefawmf em;udk rvnfbl;}
od'¨d a'gyGoGm;\/
]rif;em;rvnfwm ig *&krpdkufbl;}
]'Dyg em;rvnfwmvJ cifAsm; *&krpdkufcJhygbl;}
pmrsufESm (64)
rif;nDpum;aMumifh ol &kwfw&uf aMumifoGm;onf/ rif;nDonf

oli,fcsif;awG qGJac:&modkYvdkufroGm;rD od'¨dtm; iHkY Munfhí tHMudwfajymonf/
]'Dygu cifAsm;udk em;rvnfbl;wJh}
]'Dygu...}
][kwfw,f? cifAsm;ymm tajymif;tvJ jrefw,fwJh? cifAsm;&JYpdwfu

cefYrSef;& cufw,fwJh? wjcm;urÇmu vmwJh j*dKymfom;vdkyJwJh? 'Dygu cifAsm;udk
uG,f&mrSm b,fvdkac:vJ...odvm;}
]aymhaumif rif;nD...oGm;pdkY}
oli,fcsif;ESpfa,mufu ZGwfqGJac:&modkY rif;nD qkwfuefuefjzifh

ygoGm;onf/ odkYaomf ai;aMumifum armhMunfhaeaom od'¨dtm; oa&mfjyHK;jzifh
jyHK;Munfh&if; wpfcGef;atmfajymcJh\/
]tD;wD...wJh}
olwdkYoHk;a,muf xGufoGm;onfhtcg od'¨donf ausmuf&kyfwpfckjzpfí

usef&pfonf/
pmrsufESm (65)
(7)
q,fhajcmuf&ufajrmufaeY...nae/
bk&m;ocif&JYrsufvHk;awGeJYrif; MunfhrS jzpfr,f?

'grS r[kwf
ig&JYwdwfwdwfykef; tcsnf;ESD; tm;xkwfrIawGudk
ightusÐvufarmif;ay:rSm
0wfqifjyrSom jzpfvdrfhr,f/
(Basil Dowling)
xdktjzpftysufrwdkifrD q,f&uftwGif; oifESifh olYMum;wGif xl;jcm;pGm

jzpfay:cJhaom tjzpftysufrsm;udk azmfjyyg/
q,f&uftwGif;.../ 'Dyg tdrfu xGufroGm;cif q,f&uftwGif; rdrdwdkY

bmjzpfysufcJhygovdrfh/ ol jyefpOf;pm;r&yg/ bmrS xl;xl;jcm;jcm; rjzpfcJhyg/
xHk;pHudpörsm;om jzpfysufcJhonf/
eHeuf 'Dyg ausmif;oGm;csdefonf arar r*¾Zif;wdkufodkY oGm;zdkY

apmao;onfh tcsdef jzpfojzifh olyJ ausmif;odkYum;armif;ydkYay; &onf/ um;ay:rSm
oleJY 'Dyg oabmuGJvGJMuwmuvnf; xHk;pHyJ jzpfonf/ olu um;armif;&if;
uufquf zGifhvSsif wkdz,fvf (TOFEL)[k ac:aom t*Fvdyfbmom
pmrsufESm (66)
t&nftcsif;ppf pmar;yGJ MudKwifjyifqifrItjzpf xkwfa0onfh Listening

Comprehension wdyfacGudk zGifhavh&Sd\/ 'Dygu xdkwdyfacGudk ydwfypfjyD;
oDcsif;wdyfacGESifh vJzGifhavh&Sd\/ od'¨du uufqufudk ydwfypfjyD; tacGcsif;
jyefvJonf/ xdktcg olwdkYum;xJrS uufquf\ toHrsm;rSm qefYiifqefYiif
jywfawmufaom ymmoawG jzpfukefcJhonf/
]b,fvdk jzpfaewmvJ 'Dyg}
]tjyefus rif;em;axmifcsifwm zGifhayhg? tck igem;axmifcsifwm zGifhr,f?

wpfvSnfhpDav? 'grS w&m;rSswrSmaygh}
tJonftcgrsdK;rSm olyJ vufavSsmhcJh&avh&Sdonf/
ausmif;tqif;MudKonfhtcgrSmawmh araru r*¾Zif;wdkufrS tajy;tvTm;

oGm;MudK? nae rkefYauR;jyD; usL&SifodkYydkY ay;&wwfonf/ usL&Sifr&Sdonfhtcsdef
wdkYwGif araru 'Dyghudk r*¾Zif;wdkufrSm ac:xm;jyD; ararESifhtwl jyefavh&Sdonf/
tJ'gudk 'Dygu rauseyfay/
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od'¨djyefra&mufao;bl;qdkvSsif araru 'Dyghudk tdrfjyefrydkYay/ 'Dyg
wpfa,mufwnf; wdkufcef;rSm xm;cJh&zdkYarar pdwfrcsay//
]araruvJ om; touf 16ESpf &SdjyD? om; udk,fhudk,fudk umuG,f

wwfygjyD}
pmrsufESm (67)
]15ESpfyguG,f? ararhom;u uav;av;yJ &Sdao;wm? tpfudkawG

trawGr&SdbJ tdrfrSm wpfa,mufwnf; usefcJh&r,fh t&G,f ra&mufao;ygbl;}
'Dygu xdkpum;ajymcH&vSsif &,farmwwf\/ wpfcgwkef;uawmh

od'¨da&SYrSm 'Dygu ararhudk jiif;cJhonf/
]araruvJ? om;u &ifhusufygw,f arar&? udkudkYxufawmif

&ifhusufao;w,f}
araru xdkpum;aMumifh rsufapmif;xkd;cJh\/
]bmawGrsm; &ifhusufaevdkYvJ}
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tpp t&m&m.../
od'¨donf 0rf;vsm;arSmufum ar;cGef;ajzae&mrS tvefYwMum;

xxdkifvdkufrd\/ tpp t&m&mwJh? tJ'Dpum;udk 'Dygb,fwkef;u ajymcJhwm
ygvdrfh/ vGefcJhonfh wpfvuvm;...ESpfvavmufuvm;/ tJonfwkef;uawmh ol
bmrS axGaxGxl;xl; t"dyÜm,fraumufcJhrday/ 'Dyg bmawGrsm; &ifhusufaejyDvJ/
]om;a&...zkef;? upfupfwJh}
tcef;ayguf0u ararhtoH? olpm&Gufrsm;udk uref;uwef; pkodrf;xyf

vdkufonf/
pmrsufESm (68)
][kwf...vmjyD}
pm&Gufrsm;udk acgif;tHk;atmufrSmxm;vdkufjyD; tay:u apmifacgufudkyg

xyfzdvdkufao;onf/ pm&GufawGudk ararjrifvdkY rjzpf? udk,fhtdrfwGif;a&;udk
tjyifodkYo,f&ygrvm;[k aumif;aumif; rmefrJvdrfhrnf/
]ymJvdk...}
]od'¨d? wdkYudk vmac:rvm;ymif}
]tck qD'dkem;rSm? &Id;&Sdw,fvdkYvmcJhwm? tck rvkyfjzpfawmhbl;/ tJ'g

azazuvJ ydkYjyD; jyefoGm;jyD? azazu ck tdrfawmif a&mufOD;rSm r[kwfao;bl;}
olYvufywfem&Dudk Munfhvdkufonf/ aeYv,f ESpfem&D q,frdepf/

tvkyfawGuawmh rjyD;ao;? udkaea&mifcefY ar;cGef;awGa&m? SAT ar;cGef;awGa&m
ol ajzp&mawG wpfxyfMuD; usefao;onf/
]tif;...wdkYtm;awmh rtm;bl;? 'gayrJh vmac:r,fav? odyfawmh

tcsdefr&bl;aemf? oHk;em&DcGJrSm upfupfudk tdrfa&SYta&muf vdkufydkYay;r,f
jzpfrvm;}
aumifrav; toHwdwfaeonf/ upfupf pdwfaumufcsifymef &Sdonf/

rsufESmcsif;qdkifqdkvSsif upfupf\ rsufapmif;av;ESifh EIwfcrf;plpluav;udk
jrif&edkif\/
]upfupf}
pmrsufESm (69)
]&w,f...&w,f}
cyfaqmifhaqmifh toHav;/
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cyfwdk;wdk; a&&GwfvdkufonfhtoHudk rMum;csifa,mifaqmifvdkuf&\/
]tjyifxGufapmifhraeeJY? avmfbDxJuyJ xdkifapmifh/ wdkYtxJ0ifac:r,f...

[kwfvm;}
]jyD;a&m}
upfupfu t&if zkef;csoGm;onf/
]arar...om; um;,loGm;vdkY&vm;}
araru uGefysLwm armfeDwmrsufESmjyifrS rsufvHk;rvTJbJ

acgif;ndwfonf/ od'¨dum;aomhudk vSrf;,lonfhtcsdefusrS araru ar;cGef;wpfck
ar;\/
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]tm...arar...? om;wdkYu &dk;&dk;om;om;yg}
araru od'¨dbufodkYvSnfhMunfhonf/ ararhrsufESmrSm paemufonfhymef

r&Sdyg/ araronf om;awGudk paemufwwfonfh tusifhr&Sdyg/
pmrsufESm (70)
]ararhpdwfxJrSm om;wdkYudk uav; ao;ao;av;awGvdkY

atmufarhaewkef;yJ? 'gayrJh wu,fawmh om;u vlvm;ajrmufcJhjyDaemf? om;
vlMuD; jzpfoGm;jyD}
od'¨d tae&cufpGm aomhuGif;udk vufjzifh aqmhupm;aerdygonf/

wu,fawmh ol vlMuD; rjzpfao;yg/
]bmrvkyfeJY nmrvkyfeJYvdkY ararajymvJ ararhuG,f&mrS om;u

vkyfjzpfoGm;rSmyJ? om;wdkYtem;rSm &SdaewJh jrLqG,fjzm;a,mif;rIawGu trsdK;rsdK;yJ?
trsm;MuD;yJ r[kwfvm;}
arar ukvm;xdkifrS xvdkufum od'¨dqDodkY avSsmufvmonf/
]wDADaMumfjimawG&Sdr,f? qufw,fvdkuf csife,fvfawG &Sdr,f? qifqmryg

wJhAD'D,dkZmwfum; rsdK;pHk&Sdw,f? r*¾Zif; aMumfjimawG &Sdr,f/ tJ'gawGaMumifh
om;wdkY pdwfvIyf&Sm;wJhtcg prf;oyfp&m rdef;uav; wpfa,muf ESpfa,mufvnf;
&Sdr,fqdk&if...}
]ymm...arar? upfupfu om;oli,fcsif;yg arar&}
ol acgif;ukwfvdkufjyD; ararha&SYuae jrefjrefxGufvdkY&atmif

bmvkyf&rvJ[k pOf;pm;ae\/
]arar... aemufrS ajymygvm; arar&m? om; av;em&Drxdk;cif ta&muf

jyefcJhrSm}
pmrsufESm (71)
araru od'¨dudk aphaphMunfhae\/
]om;udk reproductive health eJY ywfoufwJh odaumif;p&mawG?

umuG,fp&mawG ajymjyay;zkdYtcsdefa&mufjyDeJYwlw,faemf}
ol &,farmvdkufonf/
]aemufawmif usaejyD arar}
]bm...}
]arar txdwfwvefYjzpfoGm;\/
]ymm...r[kwfbl; r[kwfbl;? tJ'Dt"dyÜm,fr[kwfbl;/ om;twGufu

aemufrusygbl;/ om;u wjcm; pdwfESpfxm;&r,fh ta&;MuD;qHk; udpöMuD;wpfck
&SdaevdkYtJ'Dbufudk pdwf,dkif&ifawmif udk,fu vdkufoGm;rdwJhtxd b,fawmhrS
rjzpfcJhbl;/ 'gayrJh...}
ol ararhqHyifzsm;rSm wif&Sdaeaom trIdufav; wpfpudk vufjzifh

tomz,fay;vdkuf\/ acsmif;wpfcsuf ymefYvdkufjyD;rS wGefYqkwfpGm pum;quf
&onf/
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apmifhMuyghrvm;? wcsdKYaumifawqdk&if taztaru uav;vdkYxifjyD; bmrSudk
ynmay;&Sif;vif; ajymrjy&ao;cifrSmyJ olwdkYuawmh uav; r[kwfawmhbl;?
'gudk taztar bmrS rodvdkufbl;? tEÅ&m,fjzpfp&m &Sd&if jzpfjyD;jyDaygh? a&m*g
pmrsufESm (72)
ul;p&m &Sd&ifvJ ul;jyD;jyDaygh? udk,fhudk,fudk rumuG,fwwfao;cifrSm

jzpfoGm;wmav? 'grsdK;udk ajymwmyg arar&JY}
ararh rsufESmrSm nSdK;oGm;\/ 'Dyghudk csufcsif; owd&jyD; pdwfyloGm;rSmaygh/

aoawmhrSmyJ? ig bmawG oGm;ajymrdjyefjyDvJ/
]'gaMumifh arar aemufusoGm;jyDvdkYajymwmyg? wjcm; bmrS

awG;raeeJY...aemf arar? arar om;udk vufcsay;csifw,fqdk&if nusrS ay;ygaemf
arar? ckawmh om;oGm;awmhr,f}
ajymjyD; vSpfceJ xGufvmawmh arar pdwf&IyfpGm &,faecJhonf/
]tJ'D ajymif;zl;pGyfjyKwfeJY upfupf 0yghrvm;? wdkYqDu bm*g enf;enf;

,lpm;av}
][if...rpm;csifygbl;? wnfhjzifh rwnfhbJeJYpm;aejyefjyD}
upfupfonf tpm;taomuf taetxdkif awmfawmfaMu;rsm;onfh

aumifrav; jzpfonf/ tqDrsm;aprnfh tpm;tpmudk b,fawmhrS rpm;ay/
yDZmvdk tpm;tpmrsdK;udk rqdkxm;ESifh Muufom;bm*gudk rpm;/
]tJ'DxJu Muufom;u tqDawG bmawG nmawG tpHka&maewm? 'DxJ

r,Gef;eJYpfu ygvdkufao;w,f? ukdvufpxa&mvJ rsm;OD;r,f? tonf;udkvJ
tqdyftawmuf jzpfapOD;r,f? b,fvdkvkyfjyD; usef;rma&;eJY nDnGwfyghrvJ}
pmrsufESm (73)
upfupfu ESmacgif;av;&IHUjyD; ajymaecsdefwGif olu yg;pyftjynfh bm*gukd

udkufpm; aecJhjyD/
]'gjzihf tmvl;aMumfpm;}
yvkwfyavmif;pm;&if;u tm;vl;tacsmif;aMumf yef;uefukd upfupfa&SYodkY

wdk;ay;vdkuf\/ upfupfu tmvl;aMumfudk tEÅ&m,f&Sdaom taumifAavmif
wpfckckudk Munfhovdk apmif;apGí r,kHr&JMunfhjyD;rS wpfacsmif;aumufpm;\/
]'gvJ tqDawG rsm;wmyJ}
ol&,fcsifoGm;\/
]upfupf...'g [if;oD;[if;&GufqDyJ[}
]bmqDjzpfjzpf tmvl;xJrSm ygwJhtqD&,f? MuGyf&Gaeatmif pdrfjyD;

aMumfxm;wJh tqDawG&,f aygif;vdkuf&if...}
upfupffu MuufoD;xyHkav;jzifh ycHk;wGefYavonf/
][m; [m; [m;... rkd',fvfu tjzpf&ao;bl;? rdk',fvfawGxufawmif

pnf;urf;awG xdef;odrf;aejyD/ aumif;w,fuGm upf rpm;&if wdkYyJ tukef
Mudwfvdkufawmhr,f}
olwdkYpm;yGJESifh rsufapmif;xdk;avmufrS aumifrav; ESpfa,muf

olwdkYbufodkY uGufMunfhuGufMunfhvkyfaeonf/ tJonf aumifrav;awG\
pm;yGJrSmu bm*gawGygru tuifawGyg awGY&onf/ wkwfacsmif;av;awGu olwdkY
pmrsufESm (74)
yef;uefjym;awGay:rSm yHkaejyD/ pm;yGJxdk;wpfa,mufu cyfvSrf;vSrf;axmifh

wpfae&mrSm rwfwyf&yfae\/ olY Munfh& onfrSm jiD;aiGYysif;&dae[ef &Sdonf/
at;pdrfhaom tcef;onf vwfqwfaom avtjynfh jzpfonf/

wdwfqdwfat;csrf;aom ae&mav;rdkY ol oabmusonf/ oli,fcsif;awGeJYcsdef;jyD;
pum;ajymzkdYudkvnf; þqdkifudk ola&G;wwf\/ wu,fvdkYom olYab;rSm cspfol
wpfa,mufa,muf ygcJhvSsif onfqdkifu tjyefrSm tif;vsm;uefapmif;rS
avnif;cH&if; vrf;avsmufEdkifao;\/
cspfol.../ olonf bm*gudk yvkwfyavmif;pm;&if;rS acgif;xJ

a&mufvmaom pum;vHk;udk &,fcsifoGm;onf/ cspfol [laom
rdef;uav;wpfa,muf udk,fhb0xJ a&mufvmzdkY &ifqdkifjzwfausmf&rnfh
wm0ef,lrIawGu rsm;vGef;ygonf/ aemufjyD; tqdkawmf aumifrav;awGudkawmif
'Dygonf tajymif;tvJESifh MudKufrdaecJhonf/ tck b&pfwfeDpyD;,m;? tck
rdkif;,m;/ &nf;pm;jzpfjyD;rS ajymif;MudKufcsif&if b,fhES,fhvkyfrvJ/
]od'¨d...}
]tif;...}
]udkudku raeY uar;w,f}
]tif;...}
ol owdtaetxm;jzifh upfupftm; Munfhonf/
pmrsufESm (75)
]od'¨deJY wkdYu bmawGvJwJh}
olYrsufESmrSm aEG;ceJ cHpm;vdkuf&onf/ od'¨dudk upfupfeJYwGJjyD;

'Dvlodae&atmif upfupfu olYtaMumif; b,favmufrsm; ajymxm;cJhvdkYygvdrfh/
wu,fqdk aea&mifcefYudk [dkwpfaeYu &Hk;rSm rawGYzl;ciftxd wpfcgrS rjrifzl;cJhay/
wu,fqdk onfar;cGef;udk ar;&rSmu upfupf&JU tpfudk r[kwf/ upfupfrSm
tar&SdwmyJ? taru ar;&rSm/
]'Dawmh upfupfu b,fvdkajzvdkufvJ}
olYESvHk;ckefaeaMumif; ol tckrS owdxm;rdoGm;onf/ upfupfu

csufcsif;rajzao;bJ pGyfjyKwfudk t&omcHí aomufaevdkufao;\/ jyD;rS
jyHK;ppjzifh ajz\/ tajzrSm tajz tppf r[kwf/ ar;cGef;wpfck jzpfonf/
]b,fvdk ajzr,fvdkYxifovJ..uJ}
]tm...b,fodrvJuG}
]rSef;Munfhprf;yg}
ol upfupf\rsufESmudk jyHK;vsuf pdkuMfunfhvdkufonf/ El;nhHaysmhaysmif;

aomqHyifrsm;udk aemufrSm jyefvSefvsuf tukefpkodrf;xm;ojzifh upfupf\
rsufESmav;rSm &Sif;vif;ae\/ xdktcg rsufvHk;\ awmufyvif;vufrIonf
ab;okdYyif jzmxGufaeovdk xif&onf/
pmrsufESm (76)
]tdkau...rSef;Munfhvdkufr,f? oli,fcsif;awGygvdkY ajymvdrfhr,f?

[kwfovm; ... ajym}
upfupfu rsufESmarmhvSefum cspfpzG,f &,favonf/
][kwfygbl;}
bk&m;a&? 'Daumifrav; b,fvdkrsm;ajzcJhygvdrfh/ oGm;ygjyD/ r[kwfu

[kwfu awG aavSsmufajymxm;&if tck paeaeYrSm tJ'Dvludk ol b,fvdk
&ifqdkif&rvJ/
]upfupf}
ol\pkd;&drfaom rsufESmudk aumifrav;u t&omcHí jyHK;MunfhaejyD;rS ...
]nDrav; rodbl;vdkY ajzcJhw,f? wu,fvJ wdkYrSrodwm}
[k tjypfuif;pifonfh rsufESmjzifh cyfoGufoGufajymavonf/ ol

bmajym&rSef; rodatmif qGHYtoGm;awmhonf/
]nDrav;uvJ olYudk oHa,mZOf &Sdw,f? oluvJ nDrav;udk oHa,mZOf

&Sdw,f? wpfa,muf0rf;enf;&if wpfa,mufu tm;ay;w,f? wpfa,mufpdwfwdk&if
wpfa,mufu acsmhw,f? wpfa,mufeJYwpfa,muf cPcP awGYcsifMuw,f?
tJ'gawmh nDrav;odw,fvdkYajzcJhw,f od'¨d&JY}
olpm;xm;aom bm*gawG olYvnfacsmif;xJ tpmtdrfxJrSm

qdkYeifhoGm;ovdk cHpm;&onf/
pmrsufESm (77)
]wu,fyJ tJ'Dvdk ajzcJhwmvm;}
]wu,fyJaygh}
ol upfupfukd atmfaigufypfvdkufcsif\/ rdef;uav;wpfa,muftay:

tedkifusihf csdK;ESdrf&m usrSmvnf; pdk;&drfonf/
]upfupf tJvdk ajzcJhzdkYraumif;bl;}
]wkdYu trSeftwdkif; ajzcJhwmyJ}
]ol em;vnfrIvGJoGm;ekdifr,fh tajzMuD;yJ? aemufjyD; upfupftaeeJY

wdkYbufudk xnfhajymzkdYraumif;bl;av? 'g rw&m;bl;? bmvdkYvJqdkawmh wdkY&JY
cHpm;csufudk upfupfrS aocsmayguf rodbJeJY}
upfupfrsufESm nSdK;oGm;onfudk MunfhjyD; olYpum; enf;enf;

&ufpufoGm;jyD[k jyefowd&oGm;\/ tmvl;aMumfacsmif;av;awGudk cuf&if;jzihf
xdk;qGae&if; qufajym&rnfh pum;udk upfupfem;xJodkYtoufomqHk; 0ifatmif
pum;vHk;awG a&G;cs,fae&onf/ odkY aomf ol pum;vHk;a&G;aeqJrSm upfupfu
jAHK;ceJ ajymvdukf\/
]'gjzihf od'¨d&JYcHpm;csuf tppfudk wdkYudk ajymjy? 'grSaemufwpfcg

udkudkar;&if ajzEdkifatmif}
pmrsufESm (78)
tJ'g pdefac:wJhar;cGef;yJ? olodonf/ wpfenf;tm;jzifh olYudk aocsmrI

wpfck awmif;qdkvdkufjcif; jzpfonf/ tJonfar;cGef;udk ajzzdkYolYbufu aocsmzkdY
vdkygonf/
]upfupfudk wdkYoHa,mZOf&Sdw,fqdkwmawmh rSefw,f? 'gayrJh tJ'D

oHa,mZOfu txl;tqef;vkyfjyD; ajymae&atmif ta&;rMuD;bl;?
jrwfaumif;tay: xm;wJh oHa,mZOf twdkif;yJ? jrwfaumif; pdwfcsrf;om
aysmf&Tifwmudk jrifcsifovkd upfupf pdwfcsrf;om aysmf&Tifwmudk wdkYjrifcsifwmyJ/
tck upfupf wdkYudk vmac:cdkif;w,ff/ wdkYrtm;bl;? 'gayrJh upfupfu vdktyfvdkY
ac:wmyJ wdkYodwmaygh? tdrfjyefa&mufatmif ydkYay;r,f? upfupfu wdkY*&kpdkuf&r,fh
oli,fcsif;yJ? upfupftay: wdkY xm;wJh oHa,mZOfeJYapwem [m jzLpifw,f?
tJ'DcHpm;csufudk upfupftpfudk txifvGJrSm wdkYrcHekdifbl;}
rsufvTmcsxm;aom upfupf\ rsufawmifzsm;wGif rsuf&nfpufav;

wGJvGJcdkvmonf/ igawG ajymrdoGm;jyDvJ/ upfupfemusifatmif ol vkyfrdoGm;jyD/
awmfawmfrdkuf&dkif;wJhaumif/
upfupf rsuf&nfwpfpuf yg;jyifay:rSm vdrfhqif;vmjyD;aemuf

vGifhpOfusoGm;onf/
bk&m;a&...tJ'Drsuf&nfawG[m ighaMumifhuswJh rsuf&nfawGvm;/

xkdtjzpfudk olr,Hk edkifyg/
]upfupf...}
pmrsufESm (79)
puúLvufudkify0gacgufav; wpfck qGJxkwfjyD; upfupftm;

vSrf;ay;vdkufawmh upfupfu usdK;EGHpGm vSrf;,ljyD; rsuf&nfokwf\/
]'gayrJh upfupf tpfudkudk trSeftwdkif; ajymzdkYtaocsmqHk;wpfck &Sdw,f}
upfupfu qwfceJ armhMunfhvdkufonf/ rsufvHk;av;awGrSm rsuf&nfjzifh

pdkvufaeqJ/
]ajymvdkuf udkaea&mifcefYukd? upfupf[m od'¨d&JYwpfa,mufwnf;&SdwJh

rdef;uav; oli,fcsif;vkdY? wjcm; b,frdef;uav;udkrS olrcifbl;vdkY...aemf}
upfupf rsufvHk;av;awG jyL;us,fvsuf od'¨dtm; ai;Munfhaeonf/
][kwfvdkYvm;}
][m...tJ'g upfupf todqHk;yJ r[kwfbl;vm;uGm}
upfupfu Za0Z0g[effjzifh acgif;,rf;onf/
]rodawmhygbhl;? od'¨dudk wdkYem;rvnfbl;}
upfupf\ pum;aMumifh ol pdwfnpfoGm;ygonf/
pmrsufESm (80)
(8)
q,fhckepf&ufajrmufaeY.../
tjzpftysufawmfawmfrsm;rsm;[m
jzpfoGm;zkdY b,fawmhrS &nf&G,fcJhwm r[kwfygbl;/
(Philip Larkin)
pm;yGJwifem&Du 9em&D xdk;zdkY ig;rdepftvdk/ onftcsdefrsdK;u 'Dyg

w,fvDzkef;csjyD; tcef;xJodkY 0ifvmwwfonfh tcsdefrsdK; jzpfygonf/ 'Dyg
0ifvmvQif olwdkYtcef;onf toHwpfckckjzifh qlnHoGm;wwfygonf/
t0wfAD&kdwHcg;udk zGifhrnf/ *sdef;ceJ jyefydwfrnf/ odkYr[kwf ckwifay:odkY 0kef;ceJ
ckefwufrnf/ arGY&may:rSm rwfwyf&yfjyD; ckefaecsifaernf/
odkYr[kwf wkwfcRefawG MudK;awGESifh &Iyfaeatmif udk,f[eftaetxm;

trsdK;rsdK; vkyfí 0l½I;upm;rnf/
]'Dyg...rqleJY}
rqleJY[k olu aigufvdkufawmhrS ydkqlatmif aomif;usef;awmhrnf/

ckwifay:u jyefckefqif;jyD; ckwifatmufu wa,maowÅmudk xkwfrnf/ xkdYaemuf
wa,mxkd;wHudk xkwf,lum wuRDuRD wtDtD jrnfatmif xdk;rnf/
xkdtcsdefrSm ol\a'gou tjrifhqHk; a&mufoGm; awmhonf/
pmrsufESm (81)
]tJ'g bmvkyfwmvJ} ol atmfar;onf/
]wa,musifhwmav}
'Dygu rsufESmwnfwnfjzpfatmif rsufESmydk;owfí ajzrnf/
]rif;emcsifjyDxifw,f? tck csvdkufprf;}
'Dyg rcsyg/ ]reufjzefus q&mvmrSmuG? igusifhxm;rS jzpfrSmaygh?

r[kwf&if qlcH&rSmaygh} ol pmMunfhpm;yGJrS 0kef;ceJ xvmvSsifawmh 'Dygu cGD;ceJ
&,fygonf/ 'Dyg &,faomtcg olvnf; &,frdygonf/ odkYaomf &,f&if;rS
'Dyghwa,mudkawmh qGJvk&onf/r[kwf vSsifqufxdk;aeOD;rSm/ 'Dygu ray;? olu
vk/ wpfa,mufESifhwpfa,muf vHk;axG;jyD; 'Dyghckwifay:rSm eyef;vHk;rdMuygonf/
,ckawmh nudk;em&Donf nudk;em&D yDoatmif jidrfoufvsuf &Sdygonf/

olYa&Su pm;yGJay:rSmvnf; ar;cGef;awG ar;cGef;awG ,cifuxuf ydk&IyfaxG;
aeygonf/ wpfcku Analogyar;cGef;awG jzpfonf/
Truncate:Pyramid
(A) excavate:ruin
(B) ignite:fire
(C) concecrate:church
(D) erect:statue
(E) behead:man
pmrsufESm (82)
tJonfar;cGef;urS awmfygao;\/ Truncate qdkaom pum;vHk;udk

odvSsif yd&rpfESifh b,fvdkqufpyfaeovJ? tJ'Dvdk qifwl qufpyfyHkrsdK;jzifh
atmufu twGJawGxJrSm wpfckudk a&G;xkwfedkifvdrfhOD;rnf/
aea&mifcefYar;xm;aom ar;cGef;udk Munfhyg/
oifhtay: ol b,fvdk tjrifrsKd;&SdygovJ/ tqdk;jrifovm;? taumif;jrif

ovm;/ twdtus Oyrmrsm;jzifh a&;csyg...wJh/
xdkar;cGef;udk cPausmfvdkufzdkY ol pOf;pm;xm;ygonf/ olYtay:

oifb,fvdk jrifovJ [k ar;vSsifawmh olajzp&m csufcsif;&Sd\/ em;nnf;onf/
pum;rsm;vGef;vdkY[k ajzrdrnf xifygonf/ AspfawmufAspfawmuf qlnHaewm
rsdK;udk olpdwfnpfwwfygon/f
]olrsm; ypönf;udk ,ludkifw,fqdkwm pepfwus jyefxm;&w,fuG? tck

b,frvJ ighaywH? &Smay;...tck&Smay;}
ol wusDusDatmfaevSsif od'¨du *sDMoarMwDwpfyk'fcsif;ukdpuúefY40ESifh

tjyD;wGuf usifh&zdkY pdwfapmae&m u pdwf&IyfaxG;pGm atmf[pfvdkufwwonff/
]qlw,fuGm...oGm;? igem;vm *sDusraeeJ ? reufrif;aywH jyef&Smay;r,f

qdkjyD;a&m r[kwfvm;? tck yg;pyfydwfawmh}
wpfzufcef;rS ararMum;vSsif raeedkifawmhbJ vm&Smay;&awmhonf/

]om;av;&,f...rqlygeJY? udkudk pmMunfhaewJhOpöm om;ayqH b,frSmxm;vdkYaysmuf
wmvJ}
pmrsufESm (83)
]ol ,ludkifwm arar} ?
]arar &Smay;r,f arar&Smay;r,f}
onftdrfrSm ypönf;aysmufvSsif ararjyef&SmrS awGYonf/ 'DygESifh ol

vHk;axG;&efjzpfvSsif ararvmí zsef;ajzrS jyD;pD;onf/ 'Dygom bmjyóemrS
rvkyfcJhbl;qdkvSsif tdrfonf jidrfoufwdwfqdwfaeavh&Sdwm trSefyJ/ckvdk nrsdK;aygh/
oifeJYolYtMum;rSm rwlnDaom tcsufrsm;udk trSwfpOfxdk;í a&;cs&ef.../
pmaMumif;av;aMumif;ig;aMumif;pm csefxm;wm awGY&ojzifh od'¨d

jyHK;&,frdonf/
wu,fawmh 'DygeiSfh od'¨dtMum;wGif rwlnDaomt&mawG

tvGefrsm;onf/ wu,fa&;&vSsif atzdk; wpfrsufESmESifh avmufrSm r[kwfyg/
odkYaomf olav;aMumif;yJ a&;xm;cJhonf/ rwlnDwmawGxJrS ta&;MuD;qHk;[k
xif&onfhtcsufrsm; jzpfonf/
(1) olu olYypönf;rS olYypönf; owfowfrSwfrSwfxm;jyD; okH;pGJonf/

olYaywH r[kwf&if olroHk;csifyg/ olYuGefygbl; r[kwf&if ol rokH;csifyg/ olu
tvGef ZDZmaMumifonf/ ESajrmvnf; ESajrmonf/ uRefawmfu awGYwJhypönf;udk
oHk;wwfygonff/ ta&;MuD;wm toHk;0ifzkdYyJ r[kwfvm;/
(2) olu &kyf&SifMunfhvSsif puf&kyfum;rsm;? N*dK[fom;um;ESifh

[moum;rsm;udk MudKufwwfonf/
pmrsufESm (84)
(3) olu oli,fcsif;awG trsm;MuD;xm;jyD; aygif;oif;wwfonf/

rdef;uav; oli,fcsif;awG a,musfm;av; oli,fcsif;awG trsm;MuD; &Sdonf/
uRefawmfhrSm a,musfm; av; oli,fcsif;u ESpfa,muf (rlvu wpfa,muf[k
a&;xm;jyD; ]wpf} ae&mrSm jcpfjyD; ]ESpf] jyefa&;xm;&jcif; jzpfonf/) rdef;uav;
oli,fcsif; wpfa,mufyJ &Sdonf/
(4) olu tdrfjyifrSm xGufvnf&wmudk MudKufonf/ uRefawmfu

tdrfxJrSm ae&wm udk MudKufonf/
tdrfjyifrSm vnf&ywf&wmudk oabmusaom 'Dygonf usL&Sifu

jyefMudKvmjyD; tdrfa&mufonfhaemuf a&csdK; t0wftpm;vJjyD;vSsif tjyifcP
xGufvdkufcsifao;\/ oloGm;cGifh&orSs ta0;qHk;ae&mrSm vrf;xdyfu
vufzuf&nfqdkifyJ jzpfonf/
]arar...xrif;pm;jyD;&if vufzuf&nf aomufrvm;? om;0,fay;r,fav}
]raomufygbl;? ÚmPfrrsm;eJYom;av;? tjyifxGufzkdYrpOf;pm;eJY}
]arar&m...cPav;yg? ausmif;rSmvJ wpfaeukef xkdif&? usL&SifrSmvJ

wpfaeukef xkdif&? tjyefrSmvJ um;ay:rSm xdkifvm&eJY anmif;vdkY
vrf;avSsmufcsifvdkYyg? rMumap&bl;? q,frdepf....q,frdepf...aemf? ararpm;csifwm
&Sd&if rSmvdkufav}
]pm;csifygbl;}
'Dygu tJonfvdkyJ olvkdcsifonfhtcGifhta&;udk &atmifawmif;wwfonf/
pmrsufESm (85)
tjyifxGuf&vQif auseyfaewwfaom 'Dygonf olYtm;

Muuftlacsmif;xkyf? aumfzDrIefYbl; ponfwdkYudk 0,fcdkif;vSsif rnnf;rnL 0,fay;
wwfonf/ wpfckyJ &Sdonf/ ay;vdkufonfh ydkufqHxJuae olvdkcsifonfh
ypönf;udkyg 0,fvmwwf\/ od'¨dqdkvSsifawmh arar rrSmbJESifh bmypönf;rS ararh
ydkufqHxJu r0,f&J/ 'Dyguawmh ararhtqltyl cH&Jonf/ 'Dyg 0,fcsifonfh
ypönf;rsm;rSm pmtkyfrSm uyfonfh pwpfum &kyfyHkqef;qef;rsm;? rSwfpk
pmtkyfqef;qef;rsm;ESifh acsmuvuf trsdK;rsdK; jzpfonf/
,cktcg 'Dyg tdrfrSm r&Sdawmhbl; qkdawmh vufwdkvufawmif;

cdkif;p&mutp od'¨dyJ &Sdawmhonf/ odkYaomf od'¨du tdrfem;u ukefwdkufrSm
aps;0,fzdkY wGefYqkwfavh&Sdonf/ tJonfplygrm;uufonf qdkifxJodkYvG,ftdwf?
ausmydk;tdwfwdkY o,fcGifhray;/ tjyifu pifwGif tdwfMuD;MuD;awG xm;cJh&onf/
olwdkYay;aom eHygwfj[;jzifh udk,fhtdwf udk,fjyef a&G;,l&onf/ oltJ'gudk
rMudKufay/ olonf tjyifxGufvSsif olYausmrSm ausmydk;tdwfygrS vHkjcHKonf[k
cHpm;&onf/ ausmydk;tdwfrygvSsif wpfckck vpf[maeovdk [mwmwmMuD;
jzpfaewwf\/ xdkYaMumifh ausmydk;tdwfudk xm;cJh&rnfhqdkifxJodkY olvHk;0r0ifcsif/
aemufwpfaMumif;rSm qdkifxJrSmvnf; qdkifta&mif;tul 0efxrf;awGu
aps;0,folawGtem;rSm w&pf0J0J vkyfaewwfwmudk olrMudKufay/ olcdk;zrf;ovdk
rsufvHk;rsdK;jzifh aps;0,fwkdYtm; tvpfray;bJ Munfhaeonfudk odae&onf/
tJ'Dudpöuawmh odyfrrdkufygbl;[k ol xifonffhxuf tqdk;qHk;u qdkifa&SY
rSefjywif;wGif csddwfqGJxm;aom pmwef;MuD;yJ jzpfonf/
pmrsufESm (86)
]ypönf;rckd;&? cdk;,laMumif; awGY&Sdygu Oya'jzifh jyif;xefpGm ta&;,lrnf}
tJonf pmwef;MuD;uawmh awmfawmf&kyfqdk;onf[k olxifonf/

tdwfawGudk txJ,lcGifhray;vsif jyD;a&maygh/ þpmwef; csdwfp&m rvdk[k
xifonf/ xdkudpöudk od'¨d rESpfjrdKYcJhayr,fh 'Dyguawmh odyftav;teuf rxm;ay/
]tdwfudk tyfqdkawmh tyfvkduf&HkyJayghuGm? bmjyóem&SdrSmvJ} wJ/h
]qdkif0ef;xrf;u udk,fhab;rSm &pfoD&pfoD vmaeawmhaum} [k

olar;cJhawmh...
]vmvmuGm? vmawmh ar;vTwfvdkufrSmyJ? [kdwHqdyfr&Sdbl;vm;? 'DwHqdyf

r&Sdbl;vm;? 'geJY [kd[meJYbmuGmovJaygh? aumifrav;awGqdk&if ajymxnhfvdkuf...
rif;EIwfcrf;eDav;u vSw,f bmtrsdK;tpm;vJvdkY? 'grSr[kwfvJ a[h a[h...
ightem; odyfruyfeJY iga&rcsdK;& ao;bl;vdkY/ udkudkuvJ...ajymp&mpum;awG
jynfhvdkY}
[kwfvnf; [kwfwJhaumif/
'gaMumifhvnf; oGm;av&mrSm rdwfzGJYwwf? rdwfaqG&wwfwm jzpfrSmyJ/

od'¨duawmh oD;oD;oefYoefYaewwfol? udk,fhudk wpfa,mufa,mufu
pum;vmrajymvSsif bmod bmomyJ aewwfol/
[kwfygonf/ od'¨deifh 'Dyg rwlnDwmawu csa&;&if pmrsufESm

wu,favmufrSmr[kwf/
pmrsufESm (87)
olYudk oifu bmjzpfapcsifovJ/ b,fvdkvlrsdK; jzpfapcsifovJ/
xdkar;cGef;udkawmh od'¨dawmfawmfESifh rajzedkifay/
ar;cGef;udk em;rvnfvdkYr[kwf/ 'Dyghudk bmjzpfapcsifovJ[k wpfcgrS

pOf;pm; rMunfhcJhzl;aomaMumifh jzpfonf/ rdrdukd,frdrd bmjzpfapcsifovJ?
b,fvdkvlrsKd; jzpfapcsifovJqdkwmu ajz&vG,fonf/ od'¨dtwGufawmhvG,fonf/
bmaMumifhvJqkdawmh od'¨du bmjzpfapcsifonf[k owfowfrSwfrSwf &SdjyD;om;?
udk,fh&nfrSef;csufudk udk,fwdkifodyD;om; r[kwfvm;/ odkYaomf 'Dyghukd
bmjzpfapcsifovJ qkdwmuawmh ol rawG;zl;onfh udpöyJ/
'Dyghudk b,fvdkvlrdsK; jzpfapcsifygvdrfh/
pmawmfonfh ausmif;om;...? r[kwfao;bl;/ b0rSm 'Dyghudk

b,fvdkvlrsdK;tjzpf jrifawGYcsif ovJ/ &kyf&SifawGxJuvdk 0l½I;odkif;ynmudk
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atmifjrifausmfMum;onfh wa,m ynm&Sif wpfa,muf jzpfapcsifovm;/
abmvfyifukd yg;pyfESifh cyfzGzGudkufjyD; pOf;pm;aeaom olYtm&Hkudk

w,fvDzkef;jrnfoHu qGJ,lvdkufonf/ olvefYoGm;cJhonf/ wdwfqdwfaeaom nrdkY
w,fvDzkef;oHonf txl;tqef; wpfckvdk jzpfaeonf/ ol ckwifay:rS
0rf;vsm;arSmufae&mrS vl;vJxvdkufjyD; tcef;xJrS ajy;xGufvdkufonf/
csufcsif;owd&vdkufwmu arar tdyfaysmfaeavmufjyD[k jzpfonf/ arar
edk;oGm;rSm pdk;&drfonf/ odkYaomf w,fvDzkef;udk araru aumufudkif vdkufjyD/
pmrsufESm (88)
][Jvdk...}
ntcsdefawGrSm vmwwfonfh w,fvDzkef;rSm od'¨dESifh odyfrqdkifvSay/

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ol tHhMooGm;\/
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ol tajy;a&mufoGm;onf/ aea&mifcefYyJ jzpf&r,f/
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aea&mifcefY\toHrSm tm;em[efjzifh nifomodrfarGYonf/
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]uRefawmf odxm;wmwpfck owif;ay;csifvdkYyg? owif;qdkwm 'DvdkAsm...

owif;ppfppfawmh r[kwfbl;}
ol tenf;i,f pdwfvIyf&Sm;oGm;onf/
pmrsufESm (89)
]bmowif;vJ[if}
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"mwfyHkxJu csmwdwfudkvJ olwdkYvufrSwfra&mif;cJhbl;}
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pmrsufESm (90)
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jzpfovkd vdkufwJhc&D;onfawGudk emrnf pm&if; vkyfrxm;Mubl;}
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&ufydkif;tvdkrSm MudKwifMuHpnfcJhwm r[kwfbl;? wpf&ufrSawmif MudKwifMuHpnf
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tJ'gudk uRefawmfwdkY odvdkuf&w,f? tJ'gaMumifh uRefawmfwdkYpOf;pm;&r,fh
tcsufu abmifusOf;oGm;w,f? olYpdwfudk cefYrSef;zdkYumvuvJ wkdoGm;w,fav/
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tif;...olajymawmhvnf; [kwfovkdvdkygyJ/
]ZGefv 24? 25&ufrSm 'grSr[kwf 26&ufrSm oleJY y#dyu© jzpfcJhovm;?

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aea&mifcefYu cyfwdk;wdk; ar;\/
pmrsufESm (91)
][kwfygw,f}
ol tm;emyg;emESifhyJ wdk;wdk;ajzvdkufygonf/
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cJh&w,f qdkwm od&&if ydkaumif;rSmyJ}
ol bmjyefajym&rSef; rodyg/ ararhudk vSrf;Munfhvdkufawmh araru

uGefysLwm armfeDwm rsufESmjyifudk pl;pdkufMunfhaecJhonf/ arar olYpum;awGudk
em;axmifae rSmvm;[k ol awG;rd\/
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awGYMuwmaygh? [kwfvm;}
][kwfuJh? uRefawmf...}
tenf;i,f &Suf&GHYtm;empGm cyfwdk;wdk; ajymvdkufonf/
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pmrsufESm (92)
ol w,fvDzkef;csvdkufonfhtcg ol pdk;&drfaeonfhtwkdif;yif araru

vSrf;ac:onf/
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arar ar;vSsif ol vdrfrSm r[kwf/ trSeftwdkif; ajymvdkufrdrSmyJ/
]om;...tJ'D ukvm;xkdif qGJ,lcJh? 'DrSmxdkif}
ararhteD;rSm pdwfwxifhxifhESihf xkdifvdkuf&onf/
]'Daumifrav;udk om;jrifzl;ovm;}
uGefysLwm armfeDwm rsufESmjyifwGif rdef;uav;wpfa,muf\

udk,ftxufydkif; &kyfyHkwpfck &Sdaeonf/ qHyif &Snf&Snf awmfawmf&SnfonfhqHyifudk
jzefYcsxm;onf/ jyHK;aeonfh EIwfcrf;rSm iHktm&mrS yGifhcgeD; ESif;qDwpfyGifhvdykJ[k
olxifonf/ EIwfcrf;udk yHkazmfjyD; qdk;xm;yHku enf;enf;awmh MuGaeonf[k
xifygonf/
]jrifzl;ovdkvdkawmh &Sdom;yJ? tif;...'gayrJh om; rodygbl;? vSw,faemf

arar}
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]wu,f rodwmyg arar}
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pmrsufESm (93)
]tJ'g 'Dyg&JYzdkifwGJxJu awGYwm om;}
'DyghzdkifwGJ.../ 'Dygonf olYxufydkí uGefysLwmESifh &if;ESD;onf/
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tjrJ owdxm;cJhwmyg? om;wdkYpmawG? 'dkif,m&DawGudk arar rzwfcsifygbl;?
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ararhpum;u 'DyghudkyJ &nfnTef;ovm;? od'¨dyg ygao;ovm;/ ol

roday/
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]'DrSmMunfh}
uGefysLwmarmfeDwmay:wGif pmrsufESmrsm; wzswfzswf ajymif;vJoGm;\/
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rdef;uav; wpfa,mufeJYtwGif;usus &if;ESD;jyD;oGm;cJhjyD}
pmrsufESm (94)
olY&ifxJrSm wkefvIyfpGm cHpm;vdkuf&onf/
]pzwfrdwkef;uawmh arar rvHkrvJeJY vdyfjymroefYbl;? olwpfyg;&JY

udk,fa&;udk,fwmudk pyfpkrd acsmif;Munfhrdovdk cHpm;&w,f? 'gayrJh
ararhom;av;u 15ESpfyJ &Sdao;w,f? ararhom;av;&JYpdwfxJrSm bmawG
&Sdw,fqdkwm arar odcGifh&Sdw,fvdkY xifvmw,f? 'gudk tjypfvdkY arar
rxifawmhbl;}
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]'DyghtaMumif; odyfrod&ygbl;? a[m'gu 'Dygh&JYrSwfpk ...aeYpOfrSwfwrf;

r[kwfwJhrSwfpk}
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aeYpGJ wpfckESifh wpfck awmfawmfuGmjcm;ae\/
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ol rdcifudk ESpfodrfhvdkufonf/ araru acgi;,rff;\/
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arar 'Dtcsufudk [dkwkef;u owdrxm;cJhrdbl;}
pmrsufESm (95)
araru pmrsufESmwpfckcsif; zswfceJ zswfceJ ausmfoGm;onf/
]'DxJu emrnfawG vdyfpmawG arar tm;vHk; odw,f? arar rodwmu

wpfckwnf;yJ? a[m'D rdef;uav; b,folvJ}
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vnfudk apmif;vsuf acgif;iJhMunfhaeaom rsufvHk;wdkYonf uGefysLwm
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pmrsufESm (96)
(9)
q,fh&Spf&ufajrmufaeY.../
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olYtoHudk ydkjyD; wdwfqdwfjyvdrfhr,f/
(Jay Wright)
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avudk ol MudKufygonf/ ol q,fwef;wkef;uawmh olwdkYausmif;onf þae&modkY
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qdkawmh þtaqmufttHk þe,fajronf vSdKifwuúodkvfe,fajryJrdkYjzpfygonf/
ausmif;0if;xJodkYola&mufcsdefonf q,fem&D rdepf 40yJ &Sdao;ojzifh

ausmif;rqif;ao;yg/ ausmif;t0if&Sd pdefyef;yifwpfyifatmufrSm aumifav;
oHk;a,muf &yfapmifhaeMuwm awGY&ojzifh olvnf; xdkae&modkYoGm;í
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ausmif;0wfpHk 0wfrxm;yg/ þausmif;rSvnf; [kwf[ef rwlyg/ þausmif;rS
csmwdwfawGqdkvSsif olYudk od'¨drSef; tm;vHk; odxm;Muyg onf/
pmrsufESm (97)
opfyifudk olausmrSDvdkufonfhtcsdefwGif ab;u aumifav;wpfa,mufu

pfD;u&uf wpfvdyf xkwfí yg;pyfrSm wyfvdkufygonf/ t&G,fu i,fayr,fh
pD;u&ufcJvdkufonfh [efu wu,fhZmwfvdkufpwdkif jzpf\/ ol wpfcsuf
pl;pdkufMunfhrdawmh aumifav;u rsufESmaMumwif;oGm;ygonf/
]cifAsm; bmMunfhwmvJ}
a[mAsm/
ol tom rodcsif[efaqmifí wpfzufokdYrsufESmvTJypfvdkuf&onf/

'Daumifav; bmjzpfvdkY'Davmuf aoG;MuGaeygvdrhf/ ig;rdepftcsdefonf olYtwGuf
ajcaxmufanmif; avmufatmif Mumygonf/
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pkjyHKxGuf vmMu\/ ol cyfoGufoGuf 0ifvmcJhonf/ opffyif&dyfrsm;qD
xrif;bl;av;awG udkifvsuf ajy;oGm; qlnHaeaom csmwdwfawGudk Munfhum
olYudk,fol t&G,fa&mufjyD;aom vlMuD;wpfa,mufyrm cHpm;vdkuf&\/
xrif;bl;xJu xrif;udk ol pm;p&mrvkdawmh/ ausmif;pdrf; vHkcsnfudk 0wfp&m
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0wf0wf ol 0wfedkifatmif &ifhusufcJhjyD/
q,fwef; ]tD;} tcef;qDodkY olavSsmufvmcdkufrSm pMuFeftauGYü

q&mrwpfa,mufESifh rsufESmcsif;qdkifrdonf/ ocsFmq&mr a':jrwfjrwfrGef
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pmrsufESm (98)
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wGef;xdk;&,farmae&mu od'¨dudk jrifonfhtcg od'¨dqD avSsmufvmonf/
]tpfudkMuD;... 'Dyg jyefa&mufjyDvm;}
vmjyefjyD/ ra&mufao;bl;[k ajz&wmudk ol pdwfnpfvSygjyD
]ra&mufao;ygbl; uGm? awmf0ifwdkYa&m }
]txJrSm xrif;pm;vdkY}
tcef;xJrSm ausmif;om;ausmif;ol ESpfq,fausmfavmuf &Sdaeygonf/

udk,fhtpkav;awGESifh udk,f xrif;bl;awG csdKifhawGudk a&SUrSSmcsí pum;ajym&if;
xrif;pm;aeMujcif; jzpfygonf/ 0if0ifcsif;cHkrS aumifrav;wpfa,muf
ol0ifvmwm jrifawmh rsufvHk;jyL;vsuf pdwf0ifpm;pGm Munfhvdkufygonf/
pmrsufESm (99)
aumifrav;qHyif cGJjzD;xm;yHku wpfnDwnf; r[kwf? avSum;xpfvdk Zigzag yHkpH

jzpfonf/ olYrsufESm 0kdif;0dkif;av;ESifh rvdkufyg/
]tpfudk od'¨d}
awmf0ifu yg;pyfxJ xrif;yvkwfyavmif;jzifh x EIwfqufonf/
]b,fvmwmvJ}
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vufokwfy0gav;ay:rSm xrif;csdKifhav;awG cscif;xm;onf/

Muufom;cywf[if;eHY u arT;aeygonf/ aemufcsdKifhwpfckxJwGif yJvif;ajrGoD;ykpGef
tqmoGuf[if;/ aemuf wpfcsdKifhxJrSmawmh yJ[if;csdK[k xifygonf/ tJ'gawGu
awmf0ifh[if;awG jzpfedkifygonf/ Zifrif;a0u xrif;csdKifhxJrSm acgufqGJaMumf
oHk;csdKifhtjynfh xnfhxm;\/ tu,fíom 'Dyg&SdaecJhrnfqdkvSsif 'Dyg\
xrif;csdKifhrSm ykpGefokyf? odkYr[kwf ig;z,fokyfawG ygrSm aocsmonf/
]'Dyghowif; &vdkYvm;[if}
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]bmvJ[if}
pmrsufESm (100)
olonf pm;yGJcHkpGef;wGif rxdwxd 0ifxkdifvdkufjyD; ausmydk;tdwfudk

jzKwf,lvdkufonf/ olESifh rsufESmcsif;qdkifrSm aumifrav;ESpfa,muf/ olYtaMumif;
wD;wdk;ajymaeMuonf[k taotcsm odvdkufygonf/ bmawGajymrvJqkdwmvnf;
olcefYrSef;jyD;om;yg/ 'Dyghtpfudkav/ [kwfvm;? 'Dygavmuf racsmbl;aemf/
rsufESmaMumu wif;aevkdYjzpfrSmyg/ r[kwfygbl;/ rsufvHk;awGu rIefukyfukyf?
&kyfu b0if&kyfyg/ b0ifjrifhrSmaygh? olu q,fwef;wkef;u jrefrmwpfjynfvHk;
wwd,tqifheJYatmifxm;wm[/
aumifrav;wpfa,muf\ rsufvHk;av;u olYudktxifMuD;[efjzifh

jyL;us,fawmufy oGm;ygonf/ ol rodcsifa,mifaqmifí zdkifwGJxJrSm printout
"mwfyHkpm&Gufudk xkwf,lvdkufyg onf/
]'g...b,folvJ]
awmf0ifESifh Zifrif;a0onf xrif;0g;vufprS &yfwefYum olwdkYrsufpda&SYü

a&mufvmaom atzdk; puúLay:rS a&mifpHk"mwfyHkuGufav;udk aMumifMunfhaeMu\/
]tJ'g...}
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olYaumifrav;vm;}
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xrif;wcdsKU zdwfpOf xGufusoGm;ygon/f
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pmrsufESm (101)
]rodvdkYrif;udk ar;wmaygh}
]tJ'g ar,Gef;av}
]bm...}
]ar,Gef;? ar,Gef;qdkwm...}
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pmrsufESm (102)
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pmrsufESm (103)
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pmrsufESm (104)
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tajy;tvTm; a&mufvmonf/
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awmf0ifu uefcsifonf/
pmrsufESm (105)
]xifxifuGm...udk,f&SHK;r,fhyGJawmh rcHcsifpdwfeJY rupm;edkifygbl;? rif;

bmodvdkYvJ? atcef; rSm tck vltiftm;awmifhaewmuG? [dkzdkufwmaumif
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pmrsufESm (106)
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ao;ao;av;awG csnfxm;ygonf/
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vufxJrSm udkifxm;aom Avmpmtkyfav;\ a&SYqHk;pmrsufESmudk zGifhvsuf

olYudkay;ygonf/ ol pmtkyfudk vSrf;,lvdkufjyD; cyfaMumifaMumif jyHK;jyrd\/
'ku©yJ/ od'¨donf atmfwdka&;vSsif pdwful; awmfawmfESifh ay:rvmwwfyg/
q,fwef;wkef;u atmfwdkawG a&;cdkif;Muawmh olrsm;awGvdk ausmif;cef;xJrSm
wpfxdkifwnf;ra&;wwfojzifh tdrfodkY o,fí a&;&ygonf/ rdrda&;vdkufaom
pmu pdwful;aumif;apcsifonf/ tawG;tac: ygapcsifonf/ xkdYaMumifh
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pmrsufESm (107)
tckawmh olYudk pmtkyfwpftkyf vmay;aejyD/ ol tcka&;rS jzpfrnf/

tdrf,loGm;vdkY rjzpfyg/ onfpmtkyfu atmfwdkpmtkyfr[kwf/ ]&o} csdeftwGuf
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a&;&rnf jzpfygonf/
olonf abmif;bDa&SYtdwfuyfxJrS abmvfyifudk xkwf,lvdkufjyD;
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aumifrav;zwfMunffhjyD; oabmusoGm;ygonf/
]odyfaumif;wmyJ aus;Zl;}
aumifrav;auseyfpGm jyefoGm;onf/
xkdtcgusrS Zifrif;a0u pum;qufygonf/
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pmrsufESm (108)
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pmrsufESm (109)
(10)
q,fhudk;&ufajrmufaeY.../
rif;tay:wufoGm;&rSmvm;?
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b,fvrf;nTefpmtkyfurS rajymbl;/
(Antony Hechet)
olYtwGuf oifhtoufudk pGefYvTwfpaw;&Jygovm;/
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jrwfaumif;ESifhtwl wpfem&DtcsdefjzKef;edkif&ef tdrfrS apmí xGufvmcJhvdkufygonf/
]tck wpfem&D tcsdef&w,f? wdkYb,fudk oGm;rvJ}
jrwfaumif;\ um;a&SYcef;okdY 0ifxdkifvdkuf&if; olar;aomtcg

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pmrsufESm (110)
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]tck rif;u ighum;ay:rSm? um;udk igarmif;aewm? b,foGm;r,fqkdwm

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um;armif;&if; jrwfaumif;u ar;ygonf/ MummyReturns vdk

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odkYaomf 'Dyg ylqmonfhtcg arar &kyf&SifvdkufjyvSsif od'¨dvdkufyg Munfhwwf
ygonf/
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od'¨donf jrwfaumif;tm; wpfcsuf vSnfhMunfhvdkufrd\/
pmrsufESm (111)
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r[kwfvdkYaygh? ZmwfvdkufeJY olYrdef;rudk Munfh...b,favmuf ajymifajrmufovJ?
wpfa,muftwGuf wpfa,mufu toufudk rESajrmbJ 0ifu,fMuwm? 'grsdK;
jzpf&r,f}
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olYZeD;uvnf; aemufqHk; Zmwfodrf;cgeD; yd&rpfMud; aygufuGJajrjydKaecsdefwGif
Zmwfvdkuftm; i&JwGif;xJ rusatmif acsmufEIwfcrf;rS qGJwifu,fcJhonf/
awmfawmftm;usp&m aumif;ygonf/ 'gayrJh enf;enf; pdwful;,OfoGm;w,f
rxifbl;vm;/
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jrwfaumif;\ar;cGef;aMumifh ol touf&IrSm;oGm;ygonf/
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pmrsufESm (112)
wu,fcspfjcif; rcspfjcif;? cspfoltwGuf toufpGefY0Hh rpGefY0Hh/

xdkar;cGef;awGudk aMumuf&GHYpGm wpfcPa&SmifcsifonfqdkygrS bmjzpfvkdY
onfar;cGef;awGESifh xyfwdk;&yg oenf;/
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olYaemufodkY vdkufygvmMuygoenf;/
olYtwGuf oifhtoufudk pGefYvTwfpaw;&Jygovm;/
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rvdktyfbl;[k ol ,lqcsifygonf/ xkdar;cGef;udk ol rajz&ao;yg/ yxrqHk;
tuGufrSm trSefjcpfzdkYaumif;onf[k olodygonf/ odkYaomf olYudk,fol
raocsmyg/ vlwpfa,mufu vlwpfa,muftwGuf udk,fhtoufudk
paw;&Jovm; qdkwm pdwful;ESifh rSef;qjyD; ajzvdkY&onfht&m r[kwfyg/ aemufjyD;
olonf vdrfnmcsifol wpfa,muvnff; r[kwfyg/ pdwfxJ&Sdonfhtwdkif;
ajzcsifolom jzpfygonf/
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b,fpdwfu ydkjyD; av;eufygovJ/
ararhudk od'¨d cspfygonf/
pmrsufESm (113)
ararESifh ywfowforSs tm;vHk;udk MudKufonf[k rajymedkifayr,fh ararhudk

cspfwmuawmh trSefyJ jzpfygonf/ ararhtwGuf touftEÅ&m,f &ifqdkif&rnf
qdkvSsif ol &ifqdkif&Jovm;/ &ifqdkif&Jygonf/
udk,fhb0rSm r&SdvSsif rjzpfwJholrsdK;twGuf vlawG toufpGefY

u,fwifMuwmvm;/ 'gjzifh od'¨db0rSm b,folr&dSvSsif rjzpfbl;vJ/ arar.../
r[kwfyg/ od'¨d\b0wGif ta&;MuD;qHk; tcspfqHk;olu ararawmh rSefonf/
ararr&SdvSsif rjzpfbl;qdkwmawmh r[kwfyg/ arar r&SdvSsifvnf; avmuMuD;rSm
od'¨dqujfyD; touf&SifoGm;rSmygyJ/ 'gjzifh arar tEÅ&m,fwpfckckESifh MuHK&vSsif
od'¨dtoufpGefYhjyD; u,fwifrvm;/ u,fwifrnf/ ararhudk r&SdvSsif rjzpf
vdktyfaevdkYawmh r[kwf/ ararhudk cspfvdkY/ arar aooGm;rSmudk rMunfh&ufvdk ?
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nae 3 em&Dausmfcgpjzpfí vlodyfrpnfum;bJ enf;enf;&Sif;aeygonf/
pmrsufESm (114)
jrwfaumif;u zdeyfaumifwmodkYoGm;jyD; od'¨du acgif;avSsmf&nf rdwfuyf

tvSukefpifrsm;qDodkYavSsmufvmcJhygonf/
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jrwfaumif;udk atmfajymawmh igodygw,f [laom tMunfhjzifh

rsufarSmifMuKwfMunfhwm cH&\/
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b,ftrsdK;tpm;u aumif;ovJ olrodyg/ arar aps;0,foGm;vSsif ararESifh
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ararhtm; EIwfcrf;eDudk yHkazmfjyD; ta&mifMuGoGm;atmif qdk;apcsifaeonf/
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olajymvSsif 'Dygu olYtm; ESmacgif;&HIYjyrnf/
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]ol rMudKufayr,fh om;MudKufw,f arar? zsufrypfeJY...zsufrypfeJ}h
pmrsufESm (115)
]araru pma&;q&mryJ? t,f'DwmyJ? £ajE´&&av;yJ qdk;ygapaygh? rif;

rzsufqD; ygeJY}
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zsufqD;edkif rSmvm;}
'DygESifh od'¨d\ y#dyu©onf ararhaMumifh ydkqkd;oGm;&wwfygon/f
olonf acgif;avSsmf&nf emrnfrsm;udk vufnSdK;jzihfaxmufvsuf

vdkufzwfaeonf/ yifwdef;.../ olwdkYtdrfrSm oHk;aom acgif;avSsmf&nfoHk;rsdK;xJwGif
yifwdef;ygonf/ &ufAvGefygonf/ atmff*Jepfygonf/ araru acgif;avSsmf&nfudk
wpfrsdK;wnf; ukefatmif oHk;wmxuf oHk;rsdK;avmuf xm;jyD; wpfaeYwpfrsdK;
tvSnfhusoHk;wmu qHyiftwGuf ydkaumif;onf[k ,lqxm;cJh ygonf/
&ufAvGefuawmh onfpifrSm r&Sdyg/ aumifwm oyfoyf&Sdygvdrfhrnf/

onfrSm r&Sdwmu yifwdef;yJ jzpfonf/ od'¨donf yifwdef;acgif;avSsmf&nf
wpfykvif;udk xkwf,l&ef vufvSrf;vdkuf\/
xdktcg rsufvHk;av;wpfpHkudk zswfceJ rsufESmcsif;qdkifrdonf/

&Tef;vJhawmufypGm jyHK;&,faeaom rsufvHk;av;wpfpHk/ xdkrsufvHk;av;awGu olYudk
jyHK;MunfhaeMuonf/ rsufvHk;udkyJ oljrif&onf/ bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh
acgif;avSsmf&nfykvif;awGESifh uG,faeaom aMumifh jzpfygonf/
pmrsufESm (116)
olESifh rsufvHk;av;onf pif[dkbufonfbufrSm wpfayavmufyJuGmvsuf

rsufESmcsif; qdkifrdaeMu\/ tJonf rsufvHk;awG odyfvSrSef; ol csufcsif;
rSwfcsufcsrdoGm;ygonf/
ol ta,mifa,mif trSm;rSm;jzifh acgif;avSsmf&nfykvif;udk

qGJxkwfvkduf\/ odkYaomf ol arSsmfvifhxm;ovdk rsufESmav;udk tjynhf
rjrif&ao;yg/ tJonfbufjcrf;rSm aemufxyf acgif;avSsmf&nf ykvif;awG
&SdaeaomaMumifh jzpfonf/
aumifrav;u tJfbufjcrf;u ykvif;wpfckudk xkwf,lvdkuf\/

xkdtcgusrS ESmacgif;av;ESifh EIwfcrf;av;udk oluGufvyf&Snf&Snfav;rSm
jrifvdkuf&onf/ xdkEIwfcrf;av; tvGefvSygonf/ EIwfcrf;qdk;aq;
aMumfjimawGxJuvdk jynfhjynfhpdkpdk aumhaumhav; jzpfonf/ xkdEIwfcrf;
aumhaumhav;u vSpfceJ jyHK;vdkufaomtcg ydkjyD; aumhysHoGm;ygonf/
xdktjyHK;aMumifh ol touf½IrSm;oGm;onf/ ol jyefjyHK;vdkuf&rvm;/ tJonf
EIwfcrf;u od'¨dtwGuf jyHK;wmrS [kwf&JYvm;/ olY[mol oabmusjyd; jyHK;wmvm;/
ol pOf;pm;aeawmh xdkEIwfcrf; jyefwnfoGm;onf/ ol owdåarG;vsuf
aumifrav;ukd jyHK;jyvdkuf\/
odkYaomf aumifrav;u olYtjyHK;udk rjrifawmhyg/ xkwfudkifxm;aom

acgif;avSsmf&nf ykvif;MuD;udk jyefxnfhypfvkdufaomMumifh jzpfonf/ *Grf;ceJyif
toHjrnfoGm;atmif aqmihfcs vdkufjcif; jzpfonf/ ol rcsifhr&J jzpfoGm;onf/
pmrsufESm (117)
xkdYaMumihf yifwdef;acgif;avSsmf&nfbl;udk jyefcsjyD; pif\ cyfvSrf;vSrf;odkY

avSsmufoGm;um wjcm;ypönf;awGudk avSsmufMunfhzdkY MudK;pm;ae&ygonf/
olYab;rSm ESpfESpft&G,fuav;r ao;ao;av; wpfa,muf ,dkifeJY,dkifeJYESifh
vrf;avSsmufvmonf/ uav;rav;u owådtjynfhESifh olYabmif;bfDpudk qGJum
ab;wGef;z,fonf/ ol uysmu,m ab;qkwfay;&\/ &,foHoJhoJhav;
Mum;&onf/ ol vSrf;Munfhvdkufawmh apmapmu rsufvkH;av;? tckawmh
rsufESmtjynfhjrif&jyD/ xkdrsufESmav;onf &,farm&if;rS wjcm;
aumifrav;wpfa,muftm; wkd;wdk;MudwfMudwf pum;oGm;ajymae\/
olYtaMumif; ajymjyD; &,fwmyJ jzpfedkifygonf/
aumifrav;\ t&yfu oG,foG,fjrifhjrifhrSm oHk;vufravmuf xlaom

zdeyfxlxldMuD; pD;xm;vdk ydkjyD; jrifhaeygonf/ ajcrsufpdxd &Snfaom csnfom;yGyG
abmif;bD&Snf&Snf aysmhaysmhav;ESifh wD&Syf wdkwdkyGyGudk 0wfxm;onf/ abmif;bD
cg;ywfav;u aiGa&mifvuf aeonf/ ausmydk;tdwfao;ao;av;? wu,fh
ao;ao;av;udk ydk;xm;\/
od'¨donf aumifrav;awGudk wul;wu vdkufjyD; Munfhwwfol

wpfa,muf r[kwfyg/ MuHKvSsif Munfhvdkufrnf/ vSvSsifMunfhypfvdkufrnf/
rsufpdatmufu aysmufoGm; vSsif vdkuf&SmzdkYpdwfr0ifpm;cJhyg/
onfwpfcg aumifrav;usawmh pdefac:cH&ovdk cHpm;&onf/
pmrsufESm (118)
olu udk,fhudk pdkufMunfh&JjyD; udk,fu jyefrMunfh&Jbl;qdkvSsif

a,musfm;odu©musawmhrnf/ xdkYaMumifh olYtm; tMumMuD; vSrf;Munfhypfvkduf
ygonf/
xkdtcg aumifrav;u acgif;av;iJhapmif;um wpfzufodkY

vSnfhxGufoGm;\/
olauseyfoGm;onf/ xdkYaMumifh tay:xyfodkY wufvmcJhygonf/
tdrfrSm bmawG usefaejyDvJ/ pnfoGwfbl;? aumfzDrIefYbl;? csdKcsOfxkyf?

acsmuvufxkyf/ acsmuvufxkyf wpfxkyfudk qGJ,lvdkuf\/ 'Dyg odyfMudKufaom
wHqdyf jzponff/ xkdYaemuf pD'D"mwfjym;rsm; pmtkyfrsm;xm;&m
aumifwmqDodkYoGm;jyD; [dkai;onfai; ai;aerd\/
vihfyfbpfZfupfwf\ pD'Dwpfcsyfudk jrifawmh 'Dyghudk owd&oGm;jyef\/

'Dtqdkawmfudk ol odyfMunhfr&aomfvnf; 'Dygu awmfawmfMuKdufavonf/
'DygqdkwJh aumifu b,fvdkoDcsif;rsdK;awG MudKufrSef;rod/
olonf vufywfem&Dudk wpfcsufMunfhvdkufjyD; oGm;&ef tcsdefwefjyD[k

owd&oGm;onf/
acsmuvufxkyfudk aiG&Sif;jyD;aemuf atmufxyfodkY jyefqif;cJhygonf/

atmufjyefa&mufa&mufcsif; ol vdkuf&Smrdonfu ausmydk;tdwf ao;ao;av;ESifh
aumifrav;/ rawGY&/
pmrsufESm (119)
vuf0wf&wempifrsm;? em&Dpifrsm;? wD&SyftusÐpifrsm;.../ jyefoGm;jyDeJY

wlyg&JY/
oltenf;i,f tm;avSsmhoGm;um jrwfaumif;&Sd&m trsdK;orD;

zdeyfaumifwmrsm; qDoGm;&ef vSnfhxGufvdkufonf/ xdktcgusrS eH&HrSm
uyfxm;onfh tvSjyifypönf;pifab;rSm ausmydk;tdwftao;av;ydk;xm;onfh
tjymeka&mif aemufausmav;udk awGYvdkuf&ygonf/
olaysmfoGm;\/
aumifrav;rjrifcifrSm aumifrav;ab;u aq;ta&mif;aumifwmqDodkY

a&mufatmif oGm;vdkufonf/ aumifrav;ESifh oleD;oGm;jyD/ xdktcgusrS
aumifrav;udk ausmay;vsuf aq;bl;awGudk vdkufMunfhonf/
tm;aq;wpfbl;avmufawmh 0,fvdkufvSsif aumif;rnfxifonf/
‘ Plenyl wpfbl;ay;yg}
rsufpdaxmifhrS aumifrav; vKSyf&Sm;oGm;wmudk jrifvdkuf&ygonf/
aq;bl;udk aiGacsjyD;aemuf olYrsufpdu eH&HrSm uyfxm;onfh a&mifpHkbl;

av;axmifh txkyfao;ao;av;awGudk jrifoGm;onf/ pxa&mfb,f&DoD;yHkav;awG?
vdar®mfoD;yHkav;awG? pyspfoD;yHkav;awG.../ ol pdwf0ifpm;oGm;onf/ iHkwJh
aq;jym;av;awG jzpfrvm;? yDau uav;awG jzpfrvm;/
pmrsufESm (120)
olonf vdar®mfa&mifbl;uav;udk xkwf,lvkdufjyD; vSnfhywfudkifMunfh

vdkufonf/ yxrawmh bmbl;rSef;rod/ teHYudk arT;Munfhvdkufawmh vdar®mfeHYav;
arT;aeonf/ ol pmukd zwfMunfhvdkuf\/ Condom.../
rsufESm aEG;ceJ yloGm;jyD; xdkbl;av;udk rSefaumifwmay:odkYuysmu,m

vTwfcsypf vdkufrdygonf/ ta&mif;pma&; aumifrav;u jyHK;aphaph/
olYaemufrS &,foHoJhoJh/ [m....oGm;jyD/
od'¨donf rsufESmukdb,fxm;&rSef; rodawmhacs/ xkdYaMumifh

tJonfem;uae tomvpfxGufcJh&onf/ zdeyfpifawG &Sd&modkY jzpfygonf/
]jrwfaumif;...oGm;pdkY}
zdeyfpifrS jrwfaumif;ukdac:jyD; onfbuf jyefvmawmh aumifrav;

r&Sdawmhyg/ olY &ifxJrSm tenf;i,f [moGm;ovm;rod/ odkYaomf rsufESmylp&m
rvdkawmhbl;qdkawmh pdwfoufom&ygonf/
olwdkYqdkifxJu txGufwGif um;ywfuifwpfae&m&Sd teDa&mifum;av;

xJodkY 0ifcgeD; qJqJ aumifrav;u od'¨dtm; vSnfhMunfhvdkufonf/
wpfcsufwnf;ygyJ/ xdktMunfh wpfcsufjzifhyif od'¨dwpfudk,fvHk; ylaEG;oGm;\/
rsufESmvTJypfzdkYowd&vdkufaomfvnf; ol rvTJedkif/ aumifrav;\ rsufESmudk
aemufxyfjrif&awmhrSm r[kwfbl;/ aumifrav; um;xJ a&mufoGm;onf/
um;bD;vdrfhoGm;jyD/ oGm;ygjyD/ emrnfav;awmif rodvdukf&ygvm;/
]od'¨d...aMuGaejyDvm;}
pmrsufESm (121)
jrwfaumif;u tuif;yg;pGm ar;awmh od'¨d uref;uwef; jiif;&\/

]raMuGygbl;? bmvdkY aMuG&rSmvJ}
]raMuG&ifawmh tifem*sDukefcHjyD; vdkufray;awmhygbl;? aMuG&ifrDatmif

vdkuay;rvfdkY}
]'gjzihf vdkufay;}
][if...wpfrsdK;MuD;yJ}
]OD;0dpm&buf oGm;wm r[kwfbl;aemf? tif;vsm;vrf;buf oGm;wm]
]'grsdK;us rsufpdu vSsifw,f}
odkYaomf jrwfaumif;u olYtwGuf rDatmif vdkufay;ygonf/

tif;vsm;vrf; xdyfqDwGif um;t&Sif;ukd apmifhaeaom teDa&mifum;av;\
zifydkif;udk vSrf;jrifvdkufawmh od'¨d aysmfoGm;onf/ od'¨dwdkYum; ygvmwmukd
aumifrav; epSfa,muf jrifoGm;\/ um;armif; ol aumifrav;u ausmydk;tdwf
aumifrav;udk wpfckck p aemuf[ef jrif& onf/ aumifrav; ESpfa,mufvHk;
&,fMuonf/
um;&Sif;vdkYtif;vsm;vrf;xJ 0ifaomtcg olwdkY um;ESpfpD;

a&SYqifhaemufqifh jzpfoGm;\/ aumifrav;awGu xGufajy;ovkdyif t&SdefjrSifh
armif;ajy;\/
][m; [m;...jrwfaumif;u 'grsdK;rS MudKufwm}
pmrsufESm (122)
jrwfaumif;u vDAmudk zdeif;jyD; rDatmif vdkufonf/ "r®apwDvrf;

rD;yGdKifhrSmb,fodkY csdK;&ef aumifrav;awG apmifhwmESifh wkd;ygonf/ rD;yGdKifhpdrf;jyD;
"r®apwDvrf;xJ a&mufaom tcg jrwfaumif;u aumifrav;awG\ um;udk
ausmfwufonf/ cPMumawmh teDa&mif um;av;u jyefausmfwufonf/
jrwfaumif;u EIwfcrf;wif;wif;aphjyKH;jyD; jyefausmfwufygonf/

um;armif;onfh aumifrav;ESifh jrwfaumif; rsufvHk;csifqHkí rcHcsifatmif
jyHK;&,fpdefac:aeMucsdefwGif ausmydk;tdwfuav;ESifh od'¨du wpfa,mufudk
wpfa,muf vSsdKY0SufpGm Munfh&if; tMunfhqHk um &SufjyHK;jyHK; rdMuonf/ xkdYaemuf
teDa&mifum;u jyefrausmfawmhbJ aemufrS uyfvdkufvmcJhonf/
olwdkYum;u BodyCareFitnessCenter \ um;&yfuGufvyfwGif

&yfrdonftxd jzpfonf/
aumifrav;awG\um;u ausmfoGm;rSmyJ[kod'¨dxifcJh\/ odkYaomf

olY&ifawG vIyf&Sm;oGm;avmufatmifyif tajctaeu xl;jcm;cJh\/
aumifrav;awG um;uyg um;&yfuGufvyfqDokdY csdK;0ifum &yfvdkufygonf/
olwdkYESpfa,muf ausmykd;tdwfudk,fpD aumufvG,fum tm;upm; avhusifhcef;r
rSefwHcg;udk wGef;zGifh0ifvdkufMuonf/ rSefxJrS t&dyfESpfckukd olwkdYt&dyfaemufrSm
vSpfceJ jrif&\/ wpf&dyfu tjymeka&mifav;.../
txJodkYa&mufrS jrwfaumif;u ajymonf/
]aumifrav;vJ rif;udk aMuGoGm;jyDeJYwlw,f od'¨d? rif;awmh

tawGYtMuHKopfawG &awmhr,f}
pmrsufESm (123)
]awmfprf;yguGm? olwdkYvJ igwdkYvdkyJ vmupm;wm jzpfrSmaygh]
]rjzpfedkifbl;}
]bmvdkYrjzpfedkif&rSmvJ}
aumifwmqDodkY avSsmufoGm;NyD; toif;0ifuwfjym;av;awGudk xkwfjy&if;

jrwfaumif;u pHkaxmufjyHK;jzifh jyKH;\/
]bmvdkYvJqdkawmh olwdkYrSm...a[m...0ifvdkufvmjyD rif; vSnfhrMunfheJY?}
rMunfheJYqdkrS od'¨d tvGefMunfhcsifaeygonf/
]olwdkYrSm tm;upm; 0wfpHkwdkYrsufESmokwfy0gwdkYxnfho,fwJh tdwf wpfckrS

rygvdkYyJ}
xkdYaemuf abmufqifcef;rxJodkY0if&ef jrwfaumif;u wHcg;wGef;tzGifhü

olYaemufbufodkY vSrf;Munfhvdkufrdygonf/ Munfpifum awmufyaeaom
rsuf0ef;eufeuf wpfpHku olYudk pl;pll;av; vSrf;MunfhaecJhonf/ olvdIufceJ
0rf;omoGm;onf/ aumifrav;qDu zkef;eHygwf awmif;&rvm;/ emrnf
ar;&rvm;/ odkYaomf olYwpfoufrSm xdktvkyfrsdK; wpfcgrSs rvkyfzl;yg/ aMumifpDpD
udpöyJ/
][...od'¨d bmvkyfaewmvJ? 0ifavuGm...rif;tbu [dkrSm paejyD}
jrwfaumif;ac:aevdkYwHcg;aemufodkY0ifvdkuf&aomtcgaumifrav;udk
olvGrf;oGm;ygonf/
pmrsufESm (124)
(11)
ESpfq,f&ufajrmufaeY.../
wjcm; b,folursm;
wpfckck qHk;&SHkK;zdkYaMumufaeOD;rSmvJ/
wjcm; b,folursm;odOD;rSmvJ/
bk&m;ocif r0ifedkifwJh wpfckaom t&m[m
ighrSwfÓPfjzpfw,fqkdwmudk/
(Beckian Fritz Goldberg)
vlwpfa,muf\ pdwfxJodkY0ifMunfhvdkY&onfhpuf odkYr[kwf odyÜHynm

wpfckck&SdvSsif tvGefaumif;ygvdrfhrnf/ od'¨donf 'Dyg\ pdwfxJodkY 0ifMunfhzkdY
vdktyfygonf/ Being John Malcovitch [laom &kyf&SifZmwfum;wGif John
Malcovitch \ pdwfxJodkY 0ifa&mufedkifonfh vQKdU0SufwHcg;wpfck&Sdonf/
Zmwfvdkufrif;om;u xdkwHcg;udk trSwfwrJhESifh &SmazGawGY&SdoGm;cJhygonf/
'Dyg\pdwfxJokdh0ifa&mufEdkif&ef vSsdKY0SufwHcg;udk ol b,frSm

&Sm&rnfenf;/ ,cktcsdefrSmawmh ol tvkyfedkifqHk;tvkyfrSm 'Dyg\ pmMunfhpm;yGJESifh
pmtkyfpifrS awGYorSs twdktxGm rSwfpkpmtkyfrsm;? yHkqGJpmtkyfrsm;? &ocsdef
ausmif;wGif;avhusifhcef; pmtkyfrsm;? ]a&;ay;yg} [laom pmtkyfoHk;tkyfxJrS 'Dyg\
pmrsufESm (125)
pdwfcHpm;csufrsm;udk pkjyHKzwf MunfhjyD;onfhaemuf ,ckvdk 'Dyghtdyf&may:rSm

yufvufjidrfoufpGm tdyfMunfhjcif;yif jzpfygonf/
'Dckwifay:rSm tdyf&if; 'Dyg[m tdrfu xGufoGm;zkdY pdwful;&cJhavovm;/

'Dyg\ rsufESmMuufjrifuGif;onf rdrd\ rsufESmMuuf jrifuGif;ESifh twlwlyJ
jzpfonf/ tjzLa&mif tkwftrdk;yJ? wjcm;bmrS rxl;jcm;yg/ ab;eH&Hcsif;awmh
rwlyg/ od'¨d\ ab;u eH&Honf &Sif;vif;aeaom uRef;a&mifawmufaeaom
txyfom; efH&HrsufESmjyifyJ/ odkYaomf 'Dyghab;u eH&Huawmh eH&Hudk
rjrif&avmufatmifyif &kyfyHkum;awG? "mwfyHkawG? a0gvf&Sd(wf) ydkpwmawGESifh
jynfhESufaecJhygonf/ "mwfyHkawG &kyfyHkawG tm;vHk;udk a&mifpHk oHrSdKav;awGjzifh
ESdyfzdí uyfxm;ygonff/
tqdkawmfESifh *DwtzGJYrsm;\ yHkrsm;? av,mOfysH"mwfyHkrsm;? &uftif'D;,ef;

vleDwdkY\ awmwGif;"avhxHk;pHjrifuGif;rsm;? jrm;ypfusifhaom puf0dkif;ypfrSwfrsm;?
{0&ufawmifwuform;rsm;\ "mwfyHkrsm;...ponf ponfjzifh trsdK;tpm;aygif;
rsm;vSygonf/ eH&HrSm uyfxm;aom "mwfyHkrsm;ukd MunfhjyD; vlwpfa,muf\
pdwfudk tuJcwfedkifonf qdkvSsifawmif 'DygheH&Hu yHkawGMunfhjyD; 'Dyghudk
tuJcwfedkifrSm r[kwfyg/ MunfhwJhvl rsufpd vnfoGm;rSm aocsmygonf/
twef;xJu &ocsdefwGif yHkqGJí pdwfudk o&kyfazmfaom avhusifhcef;rsm;

vkyf&avh&Sd&m xdkpmtkyfwGif 'DygqGJxm;aom yHkrsm;rSm tvGef &,f&ygonf/
oifhb0wGif wefzdk;xm; qHk;aom t&m[laom acgif;pOfatmufwGif vluav;awG
ig;a,muf ajcmufa,mufavmuf vufwGJjyD; 0dkif;aeaomyHkudk qGJxm;\/ atmufrS
pmaMumif;wpfaMumif;jzifh &Sif;jyxm;onf/
pmrsufESm (126)
vlYtzGJYtpnf;udk uRefawmfwefzdk;xm;qHk; jzpfygonf...wJh/

awmfawmfaMumifwJhaumif/ rsOf;auG;rsm;? rsOf;ajzmifhrsm;jzifh aygif;pyfí zGJYpnf;
jzpfay:aeaom t&m0w¬Krsm;udk yHkqGJyg[k cdkif;aomtcg 'Dyg bmawG qGJxm;onf
xifygoenf;/ [rfbm*g? tdkufpfu&if;rfuawmhcGsef? a[mha'g*f? EIwfcrf;wpfpHk?
MuGufaxmifacsmufESifh iSufavSmiftdrf awG jzpfonf/
oifhb0wGif tjzpfcsifqHk;aomt&m [laom acgif;pOfatmufrSm

qGJxm;aom yHkuawmh wdrfpdkifwdrfvdyfuav; wpfck jzpfonf/ xkdyHktwGuf
'Dygonf trSwf B om &ygonf/ pdwful;tawG;tac:udk q&mr rauseyfjzifh B
ay;jcif; jzpfygvdrfhrnf/
wu,fawmh 'Dyg\ wdrfonf awmfawmfyDjyif\/ 'Dygonf

yHkqGJawmfolwpfOD; jzpfonf[k olowdxm;rd oGm;ygonf/
rif; wdrfuav;wpfck jzpfcsifovm; 'Dyg/
b,favmuf aMumifonfhpdwful;vJ/
wdrfjzpfcsifwJh aumifav;wpfa,muf wdrfvdk vGifhajy;oGm;wmudk

uRefawmfu b,fvdk&SmjyD; zrf;&yghrvJ/
jrefrmedkifiH[m {&d,mtus,f pwk&ef;rdkifaygif; ESpfodef;ajcmufaomif;

ausmfowJh/ tJ'D tus,ft0ef;xJrSm rif;u wdrfrSsifav;wpfpyJ? bmrS rydkbl;/
tJ'DwdrfrSsifav;[m avESif&mudk OD;wnfcsufr&Sd vGifhaecJhwm/ ig b,fvkd
vdkuf&Sm&rSmvJ/
pmrsufESm (127)
b,fvdk vdkuf&Sm&rvJqdkawmh udkudkvnf; ighvdkyJ wdrfav;jzpfatmif

MudK;pm;Munfhaygh/ &,farmum ajymvdkufaom 'Dyghpum;/
wdrfjzpfatmif b,fvdkvkyf&rvJ/
udk,fhtMudKufqHk; pma&;q&m...a&TOa'gif;...wJh/
'Dyg... rif;awmfawmf MuD;us,fwJhaumif/ ol q,fwef;wkef;u tJonfvdk

pmtkyfrsdK;awGxJrSm bma&;cJhzl;ygvdrfh? jyefpOf;pm; Munfhawmh cyf0g;0g;yJ
rSwfrdonf/ r&Sd...r&Sd awGyJ rsm;onf xifygonf/ 0w¬Kqdkaom ae&mrSm 'Dygu
]trsm;MuD;yJ} [k jznfhxm;\/ ol,Hkygonf/ 'Dygonf 0w¬Kawmfawmf zwfedkifol
jzpfonf/ olYtwGuf arar0,fxm;aom pmtkyfrsm;ESifh ravmufí {nfhcef;AD&dk
xJrS ararhpmtkyfawGyg zwfypfwwfonf/
tav;pm;qHk; yk*¾dKvf...arar...wJh/
udk,fh&JYtcspfqHk;olu ...arareJYod'¨d...wJh/
udk,fh&JYtrkef;qHk;olu....owådr&SdbJ &efvmpwJhaumif wJh/
od'¨d rsufpdrSdwfxm;vdkufaomtcg olYudk,fcE¨monf ayghyg;pGm avjzifh

vGifharsmyg oGm;ygonf/
]'Dygu zdkufwmawmh r[kwfbl;? 'gayrJh olYudk &efvmp&ifawmh

aoG;at;at;eJY &efudk &ifqdkifwwfw,f? tJ'DaeYwkef;u uRefawmfwdkYtm;vHk; olYudk
tHhMooGm;wmyJ}
pmrsufESm (128)
awmf0if\ pum;oHESifhtwl od'¨donf 'Dygh pmoifcef;xJodkY

a&mufoGm;onf/ 'Dyghudk cejrifawGY&onf/ 'Dygonf aomufa&tdk;pifrSm
rwfwwf&yfvsuf a&aomufae\/ xdktcsdefrSm rarSsmfvifhaom tjzpftysuf
jzpfoGm;ygonf/ 'DyghteD;odkY ausmif;om;wpfa,muf jyHK;jzJjzJjzifha&mufvmjyD;
tvpfwGif 'Dyghudk t&SufuGJoGm;atmif paemufzkdY MudK;pm;vmjcif;yJ jzpfygonf/
a&aomufvufprdkY 'DyghvufESpfzufvHk; rtm;? owdvnf; rxm;vdkufrdwmrdkY
oljzpfapcsifonfhtwdkif; 'Dygh ykqkd; ajyavsmhusoGm;ygonf/ twef;xJu
ausmif;om;wcsdKU\ &,foHoJhoJhawmh xGufvmonf/ us,fus,f
&,f&avmufatmifvnf; b,folrS r&dkif;pdkif;yg/ 'Dygh&SyftusÐfu awmfawmf
cg;&SnfonfrdkY £ajEáwmh odyfrysufvdkufyg}
'Dygonf olYykqdk;uRwfoGm;onfhtcg aomufvufpa&cGufudk

pifay:tom jyefcsxm;jyd; ykqdk;udk jyefaumuf0wfonf/ uref;uwef; jzpfovdk
0wfvdkufwm r[kwf/ pepfwus aeatmif 0wfvdkufwm jzpfonf/ xkdYaemuf
a&wpf0ufusefaeao;aom a&cGuf udk jyefaumufjyD; jzJpyfpyfvkyfaeaom
ausmif;om;udk a&jzifh jzef;ceJ ywfxnfhvdkufonf/ tJ'Daumif vefYjyD; t
oGm;csdefwif 'Dygonf aomufa&cGufjzifh xdkrsufESmudk Aef;...Aef;...Aef;ESifh
oHk;csufavmufqifhjyD; Murf;wrf;pGm vsifjrefpGm &dkufcsypfvdkufonf/
ausmif;om;onf emusifpGm atmfvsuf rsufESmudk tkyfum

aemufqkwfoGm;\/ xdktcg 'Dygu ol vSrf;rD&mudk ajcjzifh aqmifhuefcsvdkuf
ygonf/
][m...a[haumif? a[haumif}
pmrsufESm (129)
ausmif;om;u ref;uwef;ab;odkY vSdrfhxGufoGm;onf/
'Dyg.../ ol tHhMooGm;onf/ olYnDonf ararESifh olYa&SYrSm

wu,f&l;aMumifaMumif cyfqdk;qdk; csmwdwfav; wpfa,muf jzpfcJhonf/ tJonf
csmwdwfav;u &G,fwlaumifav; wpfa,muf\ apmfum;rIudk tckvdk csufcsif;
ajz&Sif;edkifvdrfhrnf[k rxifcJhyg/
]rauseyfbl;vm;...ighjyefcscsifao;vm;}
][m...rcsygbl; rcsygbl;? ig rSm;oGm;wmyg? aqm&D;...} tjzpftysufudk

tm;vHk;u jidrfoufpGm MunfhaeMuonf/ od'¨donf olYnDol wu,frodab;bl;[k
0efcHvdkuf&ygonf/
tcspfqHk; wd&pämef... ajrG/
trkef;qHk; wd&pämef... ydk;[uf/
taysmfqkH;aeY... rkefYzdk;rsm;rsm; &aomaeY/
0rf;tenf;qkH;aeY... arar&dkufwJhaeY/
&iftckefqHk;tcsdef... rif;udk igbmvkdYajym&rSvJ/ tJ'g Top Secret!
olacgif;,rf;jyD; &,farmrdonf/ vefYzsyfpGm &,farmrdjcif;

jzpfygonf/[kwfw,f/ 'Dyghudk uRefawmf em;rvnfao;bl;/
pmrsufESm (130)
oli,fcsif;qdkwm... udk,hfrsufESmnpfayaewJhtcg npfayaew,fvdkY

trSeftwdkif; ajymjycsifwJhol/
tcspfqdkwm... &l;oGyfwJholawG&JYukd;uG,f&m/
olonf vJStdyfae&mrS 0kef;ceJ xxkdifvdkuf\/ tcspfudk ol rodyg?

okdYaomf &l;oGyf ol&JY cHpm;rIawmh r[kwfyg/
'gawGudk aemufrS pOf;pm;vdkY&w,f/ tck [dkar;cGef;awG ajzvdkY

rjyD;ao;bl;/ ,ck paeaeYwGif udkaea&mifcefYqDodkY ar;cGef;tajzawG
tyf&awmhrnf/ ar;cGef;awGu rsm;vGef;vdkYtckrS wpf0ufusdK;&HkyJ &Sdygao;onf/ ol
ckwifajymif;vdkuf\/ olYckwifay:rSm ar;cGef;awG jyefYusJaeonf/ ar;cGef;awG[m
'Dyghhudk jyefawGYatmif &Smedkifvdrfhrnf[k ol r,Hkyg/ odkYaomf a&epfol
wpfa,muftaeESifh aumuf&dk;rSsifwpfrSsifudkvnf; u,fwif&Sif tjzpf
qGJ,lwwfon[fk ol Mum;zl;ygonf/
,ck ol a&epfaejyDvm;/
ol a&epfraeyg/ a&epfaeolu ararjzpfonf/ a&epfaeonfh ararudk

u,fwifzkdY bmrS ol rwwfpGrf;apOD;awmh aumuf&dk;rSsifav;wpfckawmh
jzpfapcsifygonf/
ol oifhudk aemufqHk;ajymcJhonfh pum;/
tJonfar;cGef;onf olajz&orSswGif tvG,fqHk;jzpf\/ 'Dyg olYudk

ajymcJhonfh pum;rSm tvGef&dk;&Sif;aomaMumifh jzpfonf/
pmrsufESm (131)
]udkudk igvrf;xdyf cPoGm;rvdkY? bmrSm OD;rvJ} [k ol a&;vdkufonf/
xdkcPrSmyif wdwfqdwfaom tcef;wGif toHwpfckudk Mum;vdkuf&onf/

wHcg;acgufoH jzpfonf/ arar.../ csufcsif;yif wHcg;vSnfhzGifhoH Mum;&ygonf/
pm&GufawGudk uref;uwef; pkodrf;zkdYMudK;pm;\/
]om;...od'¨d? arar 0ifcJhrvdkY}
]cPav; arar? vmjyD}
odkYaomf ol pm&GufawGtm;vHk; rodrf;&ao;rD araru tcef;xJ

a&mufvmawmhonf/ od'¨d ckwiay:rSawmh qif;jyD;jyD/ odkYaomf pm&GufawGudk
zGufxm;zdkY ae&m&SmvdkY r&ao;/ vufrSm udkifxm;aom pm&Gufrsm;udk ol
vufaemufypfí zGufvdkufonf/
]arar...om;udk bmcdkif;rvkdYvJ}
ararhrsufvHk;awGu od'¨dtm; pl;pl;&S&S tuJcwfaeMuon/f
]arar rjrifapcsifwJh pm&GufawG om;rSm &SdaejyDvm;? om;ajymprf;?

om;vufxJrSm bmawG zGufzdkYMudK;pm;aewmvJ? odjyD... tJ'gawGu
&Sufp&maumif;wJh pmtrsdK;tpm;awG jzpf&r,f}
od'¨d\rsufESm yl&Sdef;oGm;onf/
]r[kwfbl; arar? ararxifovdk r[kwfygbl;}
pmrsufESm (132)
]'gjzihf om; ararhtay: vSsdKY0Sufxm;p&m rvdkygbl;}
od'¨donf pdwf&Snfvuf&Snf &yfapmifhaeaom rdciftm; awGjyD;

Munfhaerdonf/
]arar tuJcwfaewm oHk;av;&uf &SdjyD? om;rSm vSsdKY0Sufcsuf wpfckck

&Sdaewm ararodw,f? yxrawmh tomav; rodcsifa,mifaqmifaecJhw,f?
'gayrJh tckawmh arar raeedkifawmhbl;? arar odrS jzpfr,f? om;eJYararyJ
tJ'DtdrfrSm wdkifyifp&m vlusefawmh wm? om;u ararudk todray;csifbl;vm;}
]r[kwfygbl;}
]om;r&SdwJhtcsdefrSm arar 'Dtcef;xJ aomhzGifhjyD; &SmMunfhedkifwmyJ? arar

r&SmcJhygbl;? om;u ajymjywmudkyJ ararvdkcsifwm}
od'¨donf rsufvTmcsvsuf aemufypfxm;aom vufudk a&SYjyef

xkwfvdkufonf/
]a&mh...arar zwfMunfhyg}
araru zswfceJ qGJ,lvdkufonf/
]arar roGm;apcsifwJhae&mudk om;oGm;cJhwm arar pdwfrqdk;ygeJY}
od'¨donf aemufjyefqkwfum ckwifay:odkYxkdifcsvdkuf\/
]arar pdwfqif;&Jae&wmudk om; oem;vdkYyg arar}
pmrsufESm (133)
araronf pm&Gufxyf rnDrnmxJrS tay:qHk;pm&Gufudk

iHkYzwfMunfhvdkufonf/
]aemufqHk; jzpfay:cJhaom oifESifholYtMum;u y#dyu©rsm;udk aeYpGJESifh

tcsdeftwd tus (rSwfrdygu) csa&;&ef...} [laom uGefysLwmpmaMumif;atmufrSm
od'¨da&;xm;aom teufa&mifpmaMumif;rsm;/
(1) olYwDAD*drf; "mwfjym;udk zGufxm;w,f[k uRefawmfhudk pGyfpGJvdkY

uRefawmfeJY &efjzpf&onf/ (24-6-2001? nae ausmif;qif;csdef)
(2) 'D0dkif;u aumifawGu b0iftMuD;pm;awG? 0dkif;ajymif;csifw,f[k olu

qifajc wufvdkYuRefawmf pdwfqdk;jyD; oleJYpum;rsm;&onf/ (24-6-2001/ n
pmusufcsdef)
arar olYudk armhMunfhygonf/
]'Dar;cGef;awG b,fu&ovJ om;}
]om;oGm;wJh &Hk;cef;u ay;vdkufwm arar? ararhudk jywJh

owif;pmaMumfjimxJutzGJYav? AufqJvfpfqdkwJh tzGJY? arar rSwfrdvm; rodbl;}
]rSwfrdygh? 'gjzifh om;u ararhpum; awmfawmfem;axmifvdkufwmayghaemff}
ol pdwfusOf;usyfpGm rdcifrsufESmudk cyfqq Munfh\/ cspfpedk;tjyHK;udk

jrif&awmh ol pdwfoufomoGm;onf/ araronf om;ab;rSm 0ifxkdif
vdkufavonf/ xkdYaemuf ar;cGef;rsm;udk cyf&Sef;&Sef; tukefvdkufzwfonf/
pmrsufESm (134)
xdky#dyu©rsm;udk oif b,fvdk ajz&Sif;ygovJ/
(1) wDAD*drf;"mwfjym;udk uRefawmf zGufrxm;yg/ aemufwpfcg r[kwfbJ

pGyfpGJ&if vufoD;eJYxdk;r,fvdkY uRefawmf jcdrf;ajcmufonf/ ar;cGef;ESifh tajzawG
zwfjyD; ararjyHK;wm oljrif&awmh tenf;i,f &SufoGm;ygonf/
(2) 0dkif;ajymif;csif&if ighvmrajymeJY ararhoGm;ajym? igeJYrqdkifbl; [k

ajymvdkufygonf/
]bmvJ om;...? 'Dar;cGef;awGudk om; tukefajzcdkif;wmvm;}
][kwfw,f arar? tJ'Dar;cGef;awGud ajzjyD;wJhtcgrSm &Sm&wm

vG,foGm;r,fvkdY olu ajymw,f}
]ol qdkwm b,folvJ}
]tJ'DrSm om;udk vufcHpum;ajymwJholaygh}
]'Dar;cGef;awG[m oufouf tcsdefjzKef;aewmvdkYrxifbl;vm;}
]om; rodbl; arar? wu,fvdkY'Dar;cGef;awG ajzjyD;vdkY 'Dyghudk

wu,f&SmedkifoGm;&if b,favmufpdwfcsrf;om;&rvJ? tJ'gudkyJ om;awG;w,f}
]udk,fhtwGif;a&;awGudk olwdkYu rSwfwrf;eJY odrf;xm;cGifh&oGm;awmhrSm

qdkwmawmh om;rpOf;pm;bl;aygh}
od'¨d ararhudk armhMunfhonf/
pmrsufESm (135)
]tJ'gu odyfta&;rMuD;bl;vm;vdkYarar? aemufjyD; olwdkYu aMumfjimxJrSm

vSsdKY0Sufcsufudk raygufMum;ap&bl;vdkYajymxm;w,f r[kwfvm;? olwkYd
xdef;odrf;xm;r,fvdkY om; xifwmyJ}
]aMumfjim...? aMumfjimqkdwmu vlawGudk &atmifac:wmyJ? aMumfjimawG&JY

tmrcHpum;awG[m enf;enf;rS ,HkMunftm;xm;vdkY r&bl;qdkwm om;vJ
odvsufom;eJY}
]'Dudpöh wjcm;udpöeJYhrwlbl; arar? 'DtzGJYu om;wkdYqDu bmaiGaMu;rS

&p&mr&Sdbl;? 'Dawmh vlvmzdkYaMumfjimp&m rvdkbl; xifw,f}
]olwkdYu om;qDu twdkifyifcH ynmaMu; bmrSr,lbl;...[kwfvm;}
][kwfw,farar}
xkdYaemuf ararhudkyg ajzcdkif;aMumif; ajym&rvm;[k pOf;pm;aeonf/
]twkdifyifcHaMu;r,lbJeJYolwdkYu b,fvdkvkyfjyD; &Hk;cef;zGifhxm;ekdifwmvJ?

&Hk;cef;iSm;c p&dwf&Sdr,f? w,fvDzkef;p&dwf &Sdr,f? ynm&Sifp&dwf&Sdr,f}
]ynm&SifawGuawmh apwemh0efxrf;awGav arar? olwkdY&Hk;tm;wJh pae

we*FaEGrSm vmxdkifay;Muwm/ vlrIa&;ulnDzdkYazmifa';&Sif; zGJYxm;wmvdkYajymw,f?
ararodcsif&if aemufwpfcg olwdkYqDu vufurf;aMumfjimwpfckavmuf
qGJcJhr,fav/ olwkdYtzGJY wnfaxmifzdkY apwem&SiftzGJY ckESpfzGJYvm;rodbl;?
tzGJYwpfckcsif;&JU emrnf tp pmvHk;awGudk tukefpkjyD; VESSELS vdkY emrnf
ay;xm;wm}
pmrsufESm (136)
]aMomf...aMomf... aumif;om;yJ? wjcm;ekdifiHrSm a&mufaewJh jrefrmawG

twGufawmh tJ'grsdK; tzJGUav;awG&Sdwm arar Mum;zl;ygw,f? [dkrSmuawmh
olpdrf;awGtv,frSm ae& &kef;uef&wmqdkawmh vlrIa&; apwem&SifawGu pkjyD;
vkyfMuwm Mum;zl;w,f/ tJ'DrSmawmh &Hk;cef;oyfoyf iSm;ekdifyghrvm;?
wpfa,mufa,muf&JU um;*dka'gifudkyJ &Hk;vkyfovm; rodbl;? 'DrSmawmh &Hk;cef;u
wpfa,mufa,mufu vSLwm jzpfedkifw,f}
arar pdwf0ifpm;vm[ef &Sdygonf/
][dkaeYnu 'Dyghowif;ay;wJh upfupf tpfudku tJ'D&Hk;rSm om;

oGm;awGY&wJhvlyJ arar}
xdknuawmh aea&mifcefYudk upfupf tpfudk[kom ararhtm;

today;cJhonf/
]aMomf... upfupf tpfudku tJ'DrSm vkyfwmvm;}
][kwfw,f? olu...olu ararhudkyg ajzcdkif;zkdYajymw,f}
]tvdkawmf... tm;tm;,m;,m;}
araru ar;cGef;rsm;udk rsufarSmifMuKwfvsuf jyHK;&if; zwfaeonf/
]ar;cGef;awGuawmh pepfusovdk &Sdom;? 'Dar;cGef;awG&JYtajzawGudk

pkpnf;vdkuf&if vlwpfa,muf&JY&kyfyHkvTmeJYp&kdufawmh yDjyifvmrSm trSefyJ/ wpfckyJ
&Sdw,f? 'DtajzawG[m wu,ftusdK;jzpfyghrvm;}
pmrsufESm (137)
araronf ar;cGef;ESifh tajzrsm;udk qufrzwfawmhbJ pm&GufawGudk

wpf&Gufcsif; nDnnmnm xyfrdoGm;atmif nSdvdkufonf/
]arar....ajzcsif&JYvm;[if}
ol ararhudk tuJcwfvsuf ar;vdkufygon/ ararh rsufESmu

pdwf0ifpm;[ef &Sdonf/
]arartwGuf om; ar;cGef;wpfpHk rdw¬LqGJxm;w,f arar? ararhudk

rjy&JvdkYodrf; xm;wm}
od'¨donf xkdif&mrS oGufvufpGmxí pmMunfhpm;yGJtHqGJxJrS pm&Gufxyfudk

xkwf,l ay;onf/ xkdtcg ararhrsufapmif;udk &vdkufavonf/ ol aysmfoGm;\/
]at;av...ajzMunfhwmaygh? ararhtvkyftudkifwdkYbmwdkYvJ om;qDu

olwdkY odcJh jyD; a&maygh}
]r*¾Zif; t,f'Dwm xkwfa0ol vdkYyJ ajymcJhwmyg arar?

b,fr*¾Zif;vJvdkYrajymygbl;? oluvJ rar;ygbl;? ararhemrnfawmif rar;bl;}
]tdkau arar ajzvdkufygr,f? oleJYoufqdkiforSs rdom;pk0iftm;vHk;ajzrS

teD;pyfqHk; cefYrSef;edkifrSmudk;}
araru od'¨d\acgif;udk cyfzGzG yGwfoyfjyD; xdkif&mrS x&yfygonf/
]arar...olu rSmvdkufw,f? udk,fhudk,fudk rnmbJ trSeftwdkif;ajz&rSmwJh}
pmrsufESm (138)
arar &,farmvdkuf\/
][Jh...igodygw,f? b,fvdkjzpfaevJ? b,fawmh oGm;ay;&rvJyJ ajym}
]tck paeaeY}
]jyD;a&m? arar reufjzefus ajzxm;ay;r,f? [kwfyvm;}
pmrsufESm (139)
(12)
ESpfq,fYwpf&ufajrmufaeY.../
wcsdKYuajymMuw,f?
tcspfqdkwm uav;i,fwpfa,mufwJh/
wcsdKYuawmh tcspf[m iSufwpfaumifwJh?
wcsdKYuajymw,f
tcspf[m urÇmudk vnfywfaeapw,fwJh/
wcsdKYuawmh tcspf[m
&,fp&maumif;avmufatmif aMumifw,fwJh/
uRefawmfhudk tcspf&JYtrSefw&m;taMumif;
ajymjyprf;yg/
(W.H. Auden)
abmufqifcef;rxJodkY 0ifvdkufaomtcg at;pufonfhavxkESifh

qefYusifpGm olYESvHk;om;u vSyfceJ aEG;oGm;\/ tcef;xJrSm aetvif;wef;
wpfckvdk awmufyaom rsuf0ef;wpfpHkESihf &ifqdkifrdaomaMumifh jzpfonf/
ausmydk;tdwfuav;.../
pmrsufESm (140)
aumifrav;onf umuDa&mif abmif;bDwdkwdkav;udk 0wfxm;onf/

jzL0if;aom edkYESpfa&mif aygifwH&Snf&SnfoG,foG,fav;awG cyfoGufoGuf
ckefaeMu\/ aoG;ylavhusifhcef; vkyfaeaomaMumifh jzpfygonf/
][m...od'¨d}
jrwfaumif;u tvefYwMum; atmfonf/
]&SL;...}
od'¨d rsufESm&dyfrsufESmuJjzifh jrwfaumif;udk [efYwm;vdkuf&onf/

jrwfaumif;u jidrfoGm;\/ odkYaomf rsufESmuawmh jyHK;csifaewmudk renf;
atmifhtnf;xm;&onfh [ef/
olwkdYESpfa,mufvHk;udk aumifrav;u jyHK;jyaomaMumifh olwkdYvnf;

aysmf&TifpGm jyefjyHK;vdkufMuonf/ xkdYaemuf t0wftpm;vJcef;qDodkYcyfoGufoGuf
avSsmufvmcJhMuonf/
]ig ajymw,f r[kwfvm;? aumifrav; rif;udk aMuGoGm;jyDvdkY}
od'¨donf &ifwvSyfvSyfckefvsuf vufzsm;awG at;pufaecJhonf/
]rif; olwdkYudk pum;oGm;ajymr,frS aumif;r,f od'¨d}
][if...bmjzpfvdkYvJ}
pmrsufESm (141)
][...olu 'Dxdatmif ajcvSrf; vSrf;jyD;rS rif; &yfaevdkY&rvm;? olYudk

ypfpvufcwf *&krpdkuf&m usrSmaygh} [k jrwfaumif;u oGufvufpGm t0wftpm;
pvJaejyD/ ol &ifckefpGm &yfaeqJ/
]'gayrJh...igu bmajym&rSmvJuG}
]emrnf b,folvJ? tckrS vmupm;wmvm; bmnmayghuGm? rif;

'DtxmawG rwwfbl;vdkYigh vmrjzD;eJY? [m...bmvkyfaewmvJ? cGswfavuGm...
aemufusaejyD}
ol pdwfvIyf&Sm;pGm &,fvdkufrd\/ xdkYaemuf *sif;abmif;bDudk cGswfvdkufjyD;

tm;upm; abmif;bDtwdkudk 0wfvdkufonf/ olY'l;acgif;udk ol iHkYMunfhjyD;
pdwfnpfoGm;\/ acsmfvJxm;onfh trm&Gwfu tom;jzLjzLay:wGif tndKuGuf
jzpfaeonf/ aemufjyD; ajcovHk;rSmu temaygufxm;wkef;u tem&Gwf
ao;ao;av; ESpfckoHk;ck &Sdonf/
'ku©yJ? onfvdkrSef;od&if tm;upm;abmif;bD&Snfudk ,lvmcJhyg&JY/
aemufjyD; cGswfvJvdkufonfh wD&Syfu tom;ESifh uyfaeaom trsdK;tpm;?

vufarmif; wpf0ufawmif rzHk;ekdifonfh tusÐ/ oGm;ygjyD? onfaumifrav;a&SYrSm
ol rvHkrvJ cHpm;&awmhrnf/
cef;rqDu &ufyf*DwoHudk [def;aeatmif Mum;vdkuf&\/
]od'¨d...jrefjref? [dkrSm pawmhr,f}
pmrsufESm (142)
ol cGswfxm;aom abmif;bDESifh tusÐudk vHk;axG;jyD; ausmydk;tdwfxJ

xnfhvdkuf\/ xkdhaemuf vuftdwfESpfck\ MudK;wdkYudk ycHk;ay:rS wef;vef;cs
vG,fvsuf a&SYcef;qDodkY tajy;tvTm;0ifoGm;&ygonf/
tcef;xJrSm vl12a,mufavmuf &Sdonf/ tm;vHk;onf ygau;Murf;jyif

ay:rSm zifxdkifcsvsuf vuftdwfpGyfzdkY jyifqifaeMuonf/ a,musfm;av;u
udk;a,muf? rdef;uav;u ausmydk;tdwf uav;a&m aygif;ygrS oHk;a,mufyJ
jzpfonf/
ausmydk;tdwfuav;onf rapmcsdK\ ab;wGif uyfxkdifvsuf

vuftdwfpGyfenf;udk avhvmaeonf/
jrwfaumif;u od'¨d\ em;em;odkYuyfí wD;wdk;vmajymonf/
]od'¨d...aumifrav;udk oGm;ulvdkufygvm;}
od'¨d &Sufaeonf/ jrwfaumif;u toHrxGufbJ yg;pyfvIyfqJa&;\/
]rif; rlvusDvkyfae...rif; usefcJhvdrfhr,f? [dkrSm tmedk; aumifrav;qD

vSrf;MunfhaejyD? cPae&if ol oGm;a&mvdrfhr,f? Munfhae} [k wdk;wdk; tjypfwif
aeonf/
tmedk;onf olwdkYoifwef;om;rsm;xJwGif AvtawmifhqHk;? udk,f[efvnf;

tvGefjycsifonfhaumif/ tckvnf; aumifrav;tm; cPcP vSrf;Munfhaeonf/
pmrsufESm (143)
od'dönf nmbufvufudk ywfwD;pjzifh txyfxyf ywf&if;u &ifxJrSm

av;vHwif;usyfae\/ oGm;vdkuf&rvm;? rodcsifa,mifyJ aqmifae&rvm;/
aumifrav;om olYqD vSrf;MunfhcJhvSsifawmh ol csufcsif;oGm;jyD; ulnDvdkufrdrSmyJ/
odkYaomf aumifrav;u rapmcsdKOD;\ vufudkyJ MunfhaecJhygonf/
ol uHqdk;oGm;\/
tmedk;u cyfMuGm;MuGm;rsufESmay;jzifh aumifrav;qD avSsmufoGm;jyD;

a&SYrSm xdkifcsvdkuf\/
oGm;jyD/ olY&ifrSm ylavmifpGm usyfqdkYoGm;onf/
&ufyf*Dwu us,favmifvGef;ojzifh olwdkYbmawGajymrSef; cyfvSrf;vSrf;

uae rMum;&yg/ odkYaomf tm;edk;\ ulnDrIudk aumifrav;u aus;Zl;wifonfh
tjyHK;jzifh vufcHvdkufwmawmh jrif&onf/ xkdYaemuf olYvufxJrS ywfwD;vdyf
uav; tmedk;vufxJ a&mufoGm;\/
[m...'Daumifu ajymay;&Hkwif rubl;? vufudk udkifjyD; pnf;ay;awmhr,f

yHkygvm;/
ol a'gojzifh wpfudk,fvHk; ylavmifoGm;ygonf/
r[kwfbl;? 'g...abmifausmfoGm;jyD/ vufudk rudkifbJeJY vufywfwD;

ywfenf; oifay;vdkY&wmyJ/ tJ'D rapmcsdKOD;[m awmfawmftm;rudk;&wJh rdef;r/
]awGYvm; od'¨d? rif; bmawG qHk;&SHK;oGm;w,fqkdwm rif; odjyDvm;}
pmrsufESm (144)
ol xdkif&mrS 0kef;ceJ xvdkufjyD; ausmydk;tdwfuav;wdkY&Sd&modkYvsifjrefpGm

avSsmufoGm;vdkufawmhonf/
]cifAsm; olYudk vkyfay;vdkYb,fjzpfrvJ}
aumifrav;\ jzefYxm;aomvufudk ywfwD;jzifh ywfay;awmhrnfh

tmedk;onf &kwfw&uf wefYoGm;jyD; od'¨dtm; armhMunfhonf/
]bmqdkifvdkYrif;u 0if&Iyf&wmvJ}
]0if&Iyfwm r[kwfygbl; tpfudk&? oifwef;om;csif; tMuHay;rvdkYyg?

olY[mol vkyfrS ol wwfrSmaygh? tpfudku ajymjyvdkuf? rif; ywfwD;vdyfudk
udkifvdkuf? rif;[mrif; vkyfvdkY&w,f}
*DwoHudk vTrf;atmif ol atmfajym&ygonf/ aumifrav;u olYtm;

&,fjrL;aomrsuf0ef;rsm;jzifh wpfcsuf vufceJ MunfhjyD; tmedk;vufxJrS ywfwD;udk
jyef,lvdkufonf/
]aus;Zl;yJ tpfudkMuD;}
tmedk;u bmrS jyóemrvkyfyg/ odkYaomf ol atmifhoufouf

jzpfoGm;yHkawmh &ygonf/
]rif; nmvufrSm vufreJYvufnSdK;Mum; tpxnfhnSyfjyD; ywfvdkuf?

a[m'DrSmMunfh... vufrudk csefjyD;ywf} od'dönf aumifrav;tm; jyzdkYolYvufjzifh
pmrsufESm (145)
erlem ywfjyvdkufonf/ nmvufrSm ywfwD;wpfvdyfvHk; ukefoGm;jyD;aomtcg

b,fvufudk wpfcgywfjyonf/ aumifrav; olYvdkyJ vdkufvkyfygonf/
xkdYaemuf nmvuftdwfudk nmbufwGif t&ifpGyfjyD; MudK;csnfenf;

oifay;&onf/ rdrdyg;pyfESifh b,fvufudka&mí toHk;jyK&\/ xkdYaemuf
b,fvuf.../
]aus;Zl;wifygw,f od'¨d&,f} ol &ifxJrSm aEG;oGm;onf/ ighemrnfudk ol

odaew,f/
&TDceJ 0DpDrIwfoH Mum;&\/
oifwef;q&mu avhusifhcef; p&ef tcsufay;aejyD/ olwdkYtm;vHk;

xkdif&mrS x&yfvdkufMuygonf/
yxrig;rdepfrSm aoG;ylavhusifhcef;awG vkyf&onf/
aemufrS vufa0SYavhusifhcef;awG pygonf/
rapmcsdKOD;ESifh tjcm;trsdK;tpm;u wpfwGJwGJjyD; oJtdwf wpfckudk

txdk;usifhMuwm xHk;pHyJ/ ausmydk;tdwfuav;twGuf ol pdwfylrdonf/ odkYaomf
oifwef;q&mu aumifrav;tm; ac:\/
]0gvJh...vm? cifAsm;u 'DaeYrS pwmaemf}
][kwfuJh}
pmrsufESm (146)
ausmydk;tdwfuav;\ emrnfu 0gvJh...wJh/
oifwef;q&mu 0gvJhtm; vuftaetxm;? wHawmiftaetxm;udk

&Sif;jyoifMum;ay;aeonf/
od'¨dESifh jrwfaumif;ESifhtwl oJtdwfudk wpfvSnfhpD udkifay;í wpfvSnfhpD

xdk;aecsdefrSmawmh q&mu rSswpGm tMuHay;oHMum;vdkuf&onf/
]rdef;uav;oHk;a,muf wGJvdkufaygh? [kwfvm;}
awmfygao;&JY/
olYrsufESm pdwfoufom&m &rIjzifh jyHK;rdoGm;wmudk jrwfaumif;u

jrifjzpfatmif jrif\/
wpfem&DwdwdMumaom oifwef;csdefonf od'¨dtwGuf q,frdepfavmufyJ

Mumvdkufovdk xifrdonf/
oifwef;jyD;aomtcg a&oGm;rcsdKcif od'¨dt&JpGefYjyD; aumifrav;xH

avSsmufoGm;ygonf/
]b,fES,fhvJ[if... rif;&JYyxrqHk;aeYtqifajy&JYvm;}
0gvJhu jyHK;aeonf/ pum; awmfawmfESifh rjyefedkif/ arm[kdufpGm touf&I

ae&aomaMumifh jzpfygonf/ 0gvJh\ t0ga&mifwD&SyfrSm acGs;awGjzifh &TJepfvsuf/
ezl;qHpyfrSm acGs;awG pdkvufaeonf/
pmrsufESm (147)
]odyfarmwmyJ} [k 0gvJhu cyfarmarmav; ajymonf/
]aemufaeYawGus tusihf&oGm;rSmyg} ol tm;ay;vdkuf\/
]aemufaeYvpfrdrSm pdk;w,f}
][if...bmjzpfvdkY}
]yifyef;vdkY? tm;yg;yg; rvG,fbl;aemf? od'¨dudk Munfh&wmawmh

rarmovdkyJ}
][m...armwmaygh? 'gayrJh wdkYu tusifh&aejyD}
yg;pyfuav;rS avrIwfxkwfum touf&SLaeaom 0gvJhtm; MunfhjyD; ol

oem;oGm;\/
]t&ifwkef;u bmupm;ovJ} [k ar;rdonf/
0gvJhu qHyifav; cgoGm;atmif &,farmvdkufonf/
]bmrS rupm;bl;? at&dk;Apfawmif rupm;bl;}
]a[mAsm...'geJYrsm;? 'Davmufjyif;xefwJh tdyfufqqdkufpfudk pvkyf&ovm;?

pufbD;pD; avhusifhcef;wdkYvrf;avSsmufavhusifhcef;wdkYvkyfa&maygh}
][ifhtif;...abmufqifyJ upm;csifwmudk}
jrwfaumif;u od'¨dtm; 0gvJhrjrifatmif jyHK;aphaphjzifh Munfhonf/
pmrsufESm (148)
a&csdK;cef;ESifh t0wfvJcef;rsm;qDodkYxGufvmMuaomtcg jrwfaumif;onf

rarSsmfvifhbJ oDcsif;wpfyk'fudk cyfus,fus,f oDqdkvdkufygonf/
]udk,fhESvHk;av;vnf;...&ifckefEIef; xdef;zdkYcufjyD...jidrfatmif xdef;xm;vdkYr&

... r,kHekdifbl; rif;eJYawGYpOf...'g tcspfvdkYac:rvm;...udk,frodvkdufrD...&ifcGifxJwdk;}
od'¨d rvHkrvJ jzpfum jrwfaumif;tm; rsufpdapGMunfhrd\/
]rqdkeJYuGm jrwfaumif;}
][...igh[mig oDcsif;qdkwmudk rif;u bmOya'eJYwm;csifvdkYvJ? qdk&rSmyJ}
xkdYaemuf jrwfaumif;onf olYlockerudk aomhzGifhvsuf olxnfhxm;aom

rsufESmokwfy0gudk xkwf,l&if; oDcsif;qufqdkonf/
]...aemufqHk;awmh...rif;eJYrS cspfwwfjyDaygh...}
]uJ...qdkuGm? qdk}
od'¨donf tenf;i,f pdwfwdkum a&csdK;cef;wHcg;udk toHjrnfatmif

qGJydwfypfvdkufonf/ a&yef;\ at;pdrfhaom tawGYatmufrSm olYpdwfawGudk
avSsmhcsypfvdkuf\/
tcspfwJh.../ ol rcHcsd rcHom jyHK;rdygonf/
tcspfqdkwm... &l;oGyfolawG&JY udk;uG,f&m... wJh/ a&;ay;yg pmtkyfwpftkyf

xJrS 'Dyghvufa&;/
pmrsufESm (149)
'Dyg...'Dwpfcgawmh rif;eJYig cH,lcsufcsif; wloGm;jyD/
]od'¨d...}
[kdbufcef;rS jrwfaumif;\toHudk a&yef;usoH tMum;rS cyfwdk;wdk;

Mum;&onf/ ol rxl;yg/
]a[haumif od'¨d...ig taumif;ar;rvdkY}
]bmvJ}
]'DyghqDu oDcsif;pmtkyf &jyDvm;}
][if...}
ol csufcsif; owd&oGm;\/ jrwfaumif;udk 'Dygtdrfu xGufoGm;onf[k

rajymjycJh/ ta':hqDoGm;vnfonf[kom ajymxm;cJhonf/
]b,f&OD;rvJ? olrS rjyefvmao;wm}
]ymm... ckxd jyefrvmao;bl;... [kwfvm;? ausmif;awG ysufvSjyD

r[kwfvm;}
ol jidrfaerdonf/ bmjyefajym&rSef;rodvdkYjzpfonf/
wu,fawmh ol jrwfaumif;udk tm;vHk;zGifhajymcsifygonf/ odkYaomf

jrwfaumif;odvSsif olYtarodrnf/ olYtarodvSsif wpfedkifiHvHk; odoGm;rnf/
pmrsufESm (150)
rif;tarudk jyefrajymeJY[k EIwfydwfjyD; ajymjy&vSsif aumif;rvm;/ ol

pOf;pm;onf/
jrwfaumif;ESifh od'¨dudk oli,fcsif;awGu tjrifuwfMuonf/ wGJvGef;vdkY

jzpfonf/ wcsdKYuawmh rawmfwa&mfawG awG;um ymm;Mu\/ ]rif;wdkYvifr,m;}
[k tcsOfwl;wl;avoHjzifh &nfnTef;wwfMuonf/ aemufajymifrSef;odí
olwdkYESpfa,muf pdwfrqdk;yg/ odkYaomf rdef;rawmh b,folrS rjzpfcsifMuyg/
]at;...vifr,m;qdkvJ igu a,musfm;yJ} [k od'¨du ysmysmovJ jiif;\/

jrwfaumif;u rcHedkif/
]tHrm...b,folu rdef;rvJ? aymhaumifawG...ymdkwpfcg igum;armif;aewkef;

acgif;udkufvdkYqdkjyD; ighycHk;udk vmrDSwm b,folvJ ajymMuprf;}
tm;vHk;u od'¨d[k wnDwnGwfwnf; atmfMuonf/
'DavmufcifaewJholtcsif;csif; 'Dygh udpöudk zHk;uG,fxm;wm jrwfaumif;

odvSsif a&a&vnfvnf wif;rSmyJ/
]od'¨d...}
wpfzufcef;rS a&yef;oH &yfoGm;jyD/ od'¨duawmh a&yef;atmufrSm

pdrfaeqJ/
]'Dyg tdrfrSm r&Sdwm &dk;&dk;om;om; r&Sdwm [kwfw,faemf}
pmrsufESm (151)
olESifh jrwfaumif; wpfcef;qD jzpfaewm ol uHaumif;ygonf/ olonf

tvdrftnm odyfyd&dol wpfOD;awmh r[kwfyg/
]tif;av...bmjzpfvdkYwHk;}
]aMomf...wavmwkef;u aumifav;awG &dkufyGJtMuD;tus,fjzpfvdkufwm

Mum;vdkufvdkY? tJ'DxJ 'Dyg ygaerSm pdk;vdkYyg}
olYpdwfxJwGif xifhceJ jzpfoGm;onf/
wu,fjzpfysufoGm;cJhwmvm;/ tJ'DxJrSm 'Dygrsm;.../
]b,fwkef;u jzpfvdkYwHk;}
]vGefcJhwJh ESpfywfavmufu xifw,f? igvJ rrSwfrdbl;}
tawG;xJrSm b,favmuf epfaerdovJ/ tjyifrSm a&csdK;cef;

0ifcsifolwpfa,mufu wHcg; w'kef;'kef;xkrS owd&jyD; tjyifxGufvmaomtcg
olYvufawG yJta&cGHudk &IHUwGefYaecJhjyD/
pmrsufESm (152)
(13)
ESpfq,fhESpf&ufajrmufaeY.../
ausmufeH&HrsufESmjyifay:u yef;wpfyGifhymm
rif;om ZGJ&Sdr,fqdk&if
rif;&JYyef;uav;jzpfvmvdrhfr,f/
(Peter Gizzi)
od'¨donf vufrSem&Dudk Munfhvdkufonf/ 1em&D 35 rdepf/ eH&HrSm

csdwfxm;aom em&Dt0dkif;udk armhMunfhvdkufonf/ 1em&D rdepf 40.../ b,fem&Du
jrefjyD; b,fem&Du aemufusygvdrfh/ b,fem&DyJ jrefjref upfupfuawmh
awmfawmfaemufusaecJhjyD/
olonf apmifh&onfhtvkyfqdkvSsif b,fvdkrS pdwfudk wnfaqmuf

rxm;wwfao;yg/ tapmifhao;ao;av;yJ jzpfjzpf (,ckvdk csdef;jyD;
aemufuswmrsdK;)? tapmifhMuD;MuD;yJ jzpfjzpf ('Dyghudk b,fawmh &SmawGYrvJ? 'Dyg
b,fawmh jyefvmrvJ? 'Dyg bmjzpfoGm;rSmvJ[k raocsm ra&&mpGm apmifh&wmrsdK;)
b,ftapmifhudkrS pdwfr&Snfyg/
'Daumifrav; bmvdkY'Davmuf MumaewmvJ/
pmrsufESm (153)
olYab;pm;yGJrSm pm;aomufol ESpfcg ajymif;jyD;oGm;jyD/ yxr

a,musfm;ESpfa,muf? omrefyJ/ 'kwd, rdef;rESpfa,muf/ rawGYwmMumaom
oli,fcsif;aymmif;awG jzpfvdrfhrnf/ eif igESifh &if;ESD;pGm pum;ajymjyD; wpfOD;\
rdom;pkb0udk wpfOD; pyfpkMu &,farmMuESifh wpfqdkifvHk; olwdkYtoHawGcsnf;
jzpfonf/ od'¨domru ymdkbufu pm;yGJawGuyg vSrf;MunfhMu&onf/
olwdkYuawmh *&krpdkufyg/ b,folurSvnf; cifAsm;wdkYtoH enf;enf;wdk;zkdY
aumif;w,f[k vmjyD; rawmif;qdkcJhyg/ olwdkYESpfa,mufonf cyfoGufoGuf
pum;ajym? cyfoGufoGufpm;jyD; csufcsif;jyefxGufMu\/ ighom; ausmif;MudK&OD;r,f
vdkY wpfa,mufu ajymonf/ igha,musfm; &Hk;u jyefvmcgeD;jyD? oljyefvmvdkY
tdrfrSm ighudk rawGY&&if 'DwpfywfvHk; *sDusaeawmhrSm[k aemufwpfa,mufu
ajymonf/
olwdkYESpfa,muf xxGufoGm;awmh qdkifwpfckvHk; &kwfw&uf jidrfus

oGm;cJhygonf/
od'dönf zifuyfyJ usefaeaom oHy&m&nfzefcGufxJodkYtm&HkpdkufMunfh&if;

tcsddefawG aemufusaejyDqdkwm arhxm;zdkYMudK;pm;ae&onf/ ratmifjrifyg/
b,fvdkvkyfjyD; atmifjrifyghrvJ/ VESSELS &Hk;cef;xJodkY 2 em&D

ta&muf oloGm;&rnf/ olY awGYqHkcsdefudk 2em&DrS 2em&DcGJtwGif;[k
owfrSwfay;xm;cJhonf/ tJonfem&D0ufrSmyJ ol awGY&rnf/ 2em&DcGJausmfoGm;vSsif
aemufxyf{nfhonf (olYvdkwdkifyifrnfh {nfhonfrsdK;) \ awGYcsdefjzpfonf/ 'gu
a,bk,syJ[k pma&;rav;u ajymonf/ tu,fí {nfhonfrsm;vSsif awGYqHkcsdef
enf;oGm;onfwJh/
pmrsufESm (154)
olonf wpfckckawmh rSmpm;zkdYaumif;jyD[k qHk;jzwfjyD; pm;yGJxdk;

trsdK;om;tm; vSrf;ac:vdkufonf/
]bm,lOD;rvJ cifAsm} ,Ofaus;odrfarGYpGm ar;ygonf/
]MuufqDxrif; wpfyGJay;yg}
pm;yGJxdk; xGufoGm;awmh olonf em&DudkyJ MunfhrdrSm pdk;í

ausmydk;tdwfxJu ararhar;cGef; tajzpm&Gufrsm;udk xkwf,lvdkufjyD;
zwfaevdkufygonf/
ararhvufa&;u tysHpm;/ cyfaomhaomhayr,hf vSonf/ riftjyma&mif

udkyJ oHk;avh&Sdonf/ wpfcgwnf; pdwfudk ydkifedkifpGm a&;csxm;aom vufa&;rsm;
jzpfonf/ od'¨dvdk cJwHESifh a&;jyD; jyifjyD; pdwfwdkif;usrS rifteufjzifh
xyfa&;xm;wm r[kwf/ udk,fhudk,fudk ,HkMunfpdwfcsol? udk,fhpdwfudkudk,f odol
wpfOD;vdkyJ/
oifhtay: ol\tjrif[laom ar;cGef;udk ol&SmízwfMunfhvdkuf\/

tjrifawGudk eHygwfpOf xdk;í ararajzxm;ygonf/ tjrifawGudk trsm;MuD;
csa&;vdkY&ovm;[k ol rodcJhyg/
(1) araru odyfavmbMuD;wmyJ? om;wpfa,muf pmawmfwmeJYyJ aemuf

om;wpfa,mufudk pmawmfcdkif;wm odyfrrdkufygbl;[k om;u cPcP
ajymygonf/
pmrsufESm (155)
(2) araru b0ifenf;enf;jrifhaewm a':av;&...[k uRefrnDrtm;

om;u ajymzl;ygonf/
(3) araru odyfawmfwm[k om;u xifaeygonf/ om;

oli,fcsif;awGESifh uawmufuqwf pum;rsm;vSsif tarcsif; jydKifrvm;
aymhaumif[k om;u tjrJpdefac:wm Mum;zl;ygonf/
]od'¨d...}
arT;&eHYwpfckESifhtwl upfupf\toH a&mufvmonf/ tarmwaumtoH/
olonf ar;cGef;pm&Gufudk ab;rz,fbJ qufudkifxm;vdkufao;\/

pmvHk;awGudkawmh rjrifawmhyg/ odkYaomf olpdwfwdkaewmudk rsKdcszkdY
MudK;pm;ae&aomaMumifh jzpfygonf/
]a&mufaewm MumjyDvm; ymif]
xdkpum;udk Mum;&rS ydkjyD; pdwfwdkoGm;um pm&GufawGudk ab;z,fjyD;

upfupftm; rsufESmxm;wnfwnfjzifh Munfhvdkufrdawmh\/ upfupfu
rsufESmcsdKaoG;onfh tjyHK;jzifh olYudk Munfhaeygonf/
]b,ftcsdef csdef;xm;vJ? tJ'Dtcsdefwnf;u a&mufaewmaygh}
]aqm&D; od'¨d&,f? azazu awmfawmfeJYrxGufedkifbl; jzpfaew,f? ararhudk

ymdkymm q&mvkyf 'Dymm q&mvkyfeJY? azazrxGufawmh wdkYu b,fvdkvkyfjyD;
xGufvdkY&rvJ}
pmrsufESm (156)
]cdk;aMumifcdk;0Suf xGufvm&wmvm;...[kwfvm;? 'gqdkvJbmvdkYcsdef;ao;vJ}
]ararawmh odwmaygh? od'¨duvJ bmpum;awG ajymrSef;rodbl;?

pdwfrqdk;ygeJYuGm}
upfupf rsufESmi,foGm;awmh olYpdwfol jyefedkifoGm;\/ olYrsufESmxm;udk

avSsmhcsvdkufonf/
]pdwfqdk;wm r[kwfygbl;? pdwfwdkwmyg? wkdY 2 em&Dta&mufoGm;&rSm

upfupfodvsufeJY}
]tr,fav;ym,f? udkudku tJ'DrSm nae 4em&D 5em&Dxd &SdaerSmyJ Opöm?

b,fxGufajy;rSmrdkY pdwfylaejyefwmvJ}
upfupfymm bmyJvkyfvkyf eufeufeJeJudk rawG;bl;[k ol

enf;enf;pdwfysufoGm;\/
]'gayrJh wdkYudk ay;xm;wJh tcsdefu 2em&Duae 2em&DcGJtwGif;uG?

wkdYaemufusae&if b,favmufrsufESmyl&rvJ? upfupfyJ pOf;pm;Munfh}
upfupfu plwlwl tjyHK;jzifh ]yl&ygbl;? wjcm;olrS r[kwfbJ?

upfupf&JYtpfudkyJ} [k uav;wpfa,mufvdk ajymygonf/
]awmfjyDuGm? rajymawmhbl;}
]ajymyguGm}
pmrsufESm (157)
]rajymbl;? ajymvJ upfupf em;vnfrSm r[kwfbJ}
]vnfrSmyg? vnfrSm...vnfrSm? ajym}
ol tenf;i,f jyHK;csifoGm;ygonf/
xkdtcsdefrSm olYtwGuf MuufqDxrif; vmcsygonf/
]upfupf bmpm;rvJ...rSm}
upfupf\rsufvHk;av;awG r0Hhr&J jyHK;oGm;jyef\/
]azazhudk xrif;auR;&if;eJYwdkYyg pm;cJhjyD}
pdwfrwdkeJY...pdwfrwdkeJY/ ol pm;jyD;om;qkdawmh 2 em&Dta&muf oGm;edkifzkdY

ydkeD;pyfoGm;wmaygh[k udk,fhudk,fudk qHk;rae&onf/
]vdkif;rf*sKpfyJ ay;yg} upfupfu pm;yGJxdk;udk rSmaeonf/
]aeygOD;? tck upfupfeJY wdkYeJYu aeYv,fpm pm;zdkYcsdef;xm;wm

r[kwfbl;vm;? aeYv,fpm twlpm;zkdYr[kwf&if bmtwGuf wdkYawGYMurSmvJ}
xdef;xm;onfhMum;u ol pdwfvGwfoGm;um ajymrdonf/ upfupf

bmrSrajymyg/ ol em&Dudk wpfcsufMunfhvdkufjyD; xrif;udkyJ zdpm;ypfvdkufonf/
]t&nfwpfckck xyfrSmygvm; od'¨d? oHy&m&nf aomufxm;wmvm;?

xyf,lOD;rvm;}
pmrsufESm (158)
ol acgif;,rf;jyvdkufonf/
]'gjzifh a&aEG;Murf;rSmrvm;? ymif;csdKqdk&ifaum}
upfupf toHu Muifemwwfaom tpfrMuD;wpfa,muf twdkif;yJ/

upfupfonf olY tay: tEGHwmcHcsifol jzpf\/ olYpdwfawG jyefajyoGm;ygonf/
]r,lbl;? a&oefYwpfykvif;yJ rSmay;}
upfupfu a&oefYwpfykvif; rSmay;ygonf/
upfupf\ oHy&m&nf rukefcifrSm ol xrif;pm;vdkYjyD;oGm;\/
]od'¨d... xrif;udk 0g;a&m 0g;&JYvm;? nufnufr0g;bJ rsdKcs&if

b,fvdkvkyfjyD; tpmaMuvG,frvJ}
]q&mMuD; rvkyfeJY}
upfupfu t&SHK;ay;w,f[laom tjyHK;jzifh vuf0g;ESpfzufajrSmufjyD;

umjyygonf/
2 em&DtwdrSm olwdkYESpfa,muf qdkifxJrS xGufMuonf/
]tck upfupfb,foGm;rSmvJ}
]od'¨deJYvdkufr,f}
]bm...}
pmrsufESm (159)
ol xlyloGm;\/
]tck oGm;rSm udkaea&mifcefY&JY&Hk;}
]odygw,f}
]rvdkuf&bl;}
]vdkufcsifw,f}
]rvdkufeJY? wpfae&muae oGm;apmihf? aemufem&D0ufqdk wdkYvmcJhr,f}
]tJ'D&Hk;uyJ apmifhr,favymm}
]rjzpfbl; upfupf? bmjzpfvdkYwpfZGwfxdk; vkyfcsif&wmyJ? b,folYtwGufrS

tusdK;r&Sdbl;}
]wdkYb,frS oGm;p&m r&SdbJ? od'¨deJYat;aq; pum;ajymcsifvdkYvmwm Opöm}
]at;aq;pum;ajymcsdef&atmif 1 em&DrSm csdef;xm;wmyJ? upfupfurS

tcsdefudk wefzdk;rxm;bJ}
ol tiSm;um;wpfpD;udk wm;vdkuf\/ upfupfrsufESm nSdK;oGm;onf/

tiSm;um;u enf;enf;vGefrS &yfay;onf/ ol cyfoGufoGufajy;oGm;awmh upfupf
&yfusefcJhonf/
][kda&SYem;u rD;yGdKifhESpfcktvGef...'Dvrf;ay:yJ}
pmrsufESm (160)
]ESpf&mhig;q,f}
ig;q,favmuf rsm;aeonf[k olxifonf/ odkhYaomf olaps;qpfaecsdef

r&yg/ olY um;aemufcef;wHcg;udk zGifh&ef vufudkifudk udkifjyD;aemuf
upfupf&Sd&mudk vSrf;Munfhvdkuf\/ upfupfonf qdkifa&SYrSmwifyif &yfvsufu
olYtm; ai;Munfhaeavonf/ ol oem;oGm;\/
]vmav upfupf}
vmav [k olac:vdkufonfESifh wpfjydKifwnf; upfupf\ rsufESmav;

csufcsif; 0if;yMunfvifoGm;jyD; tajy;uav; a&mufvmygonf/ rD;cdk;a&mif
y0gyg;yg;av;wpfck vGifhvmovdkrsdK; upfupfcsufcsif;a&mufvm\/ um;xJrSm
0ifxkdifjyD; jidrfoufpGm vdkufygvmcJhonf/
VESSELS &Hk;cef;&Sd&m taqmufttHka&SYrSm um;&yfawmh upfupfu

olYudk armhMunfhonf/ qif;&rvm;[laom tr;rsuf0ef;av;awG.../ ol MuifempGm
jyHK;jyvdkufygonf/
]tjyifbufu ukvm;xkdifwpfckrSmyJ tomav; xdkifae&r,faemf?

olYtcefem;xd rvdkufcJh&bl;? awmfMum? ol wpfckck vdkcsifvdkYxGufvmvdkYupfupfudk
jrifoGm;&if wkdY tay: ol txifvJGoGm;ekdifw,f}
]tif;yg}
ol tcef;xJ 0ifawmh 2 em&D 10 rdepf &SdaejyD/
pmrsufESm (161)
aea&mifcefYu uGefysLwmay:rSm wpfpHkwpfck vdkufppfaq;aeonf/ ol

0ifvmawmh armhMunfhjyD; vufymefjyí xdkifcdkif;ygonf/ xkdYaemuf
uGefysLwmvufuGufrSm ESpfcsuf oHk;csuf ESdyfonf/
]uRefawmf aemufusoGm;w,f}
olYESraMumifh aemufusoGm;&wmudkawmh ajymjyvdkYraumif;yg/
]jzpfwwfygw,f? uRefawmfwdkYjzpfaeusawGygyJ/ jyD;jyD... 'DtD;ar;vfav;

tcsdefrD ydkYvdkufcsifvdkY}
puúefYydkif;twGif; aea&mifcefYolYtwGuf tqifoifh jzpfoGm;onf/
]uJ...}
ol tdwfxJrS pm&GufawGudk xkwfjyD; aea&mifcefYtm; ay;vdkufygonf/
]ararhtajzawGyg ,lcJhw,f tpfudk}
]odyfaumif;wmaygh? jynfhpHkoGm;rSmaygh? uRefawmfwpfcsufzwfMunfhr,f?

cifAsm; cPapmifhaeaemf? vdkwm&Sd&if ar;&atmifvdkY}
][kwfuJhyg}
aea&mifcefYu pm&Gufay:u tajzawGtm; pmar;yGJajz&ef ar;cGef;zwfovdk

pl;pdkufpGm zwfaeonf/
pmrsufESm (162)
ymdkbufcef;rS pum;ajymoHESifh &,farmoHoJhoJh Mum;&onf/

odyfoJoJuGJuGJawmh r[kwf/ a,musfm;oHawGrSef;om odonf/ aemufjyD; tjyifrSm
rdk;pwif&GmaejyDudk olMum;&onf/ tcef;jyif wpfae&m&mrS rdef;uav;wpfa,muf
ymyfcdsK;[k ESmacsoHwpfcsuf Mum;&onf/ upfupfrsm;vm;/
pm;yGJay:rSm &Sdaom ypönf;rsm;tm; olavhvmae\/ abmvfyifawG

pdkufxm;onfh cGufrSm tndKa&mif av;axmifhcGuf jzpfonf/ abmvfyifrsm;ESifhtwl
cJwHrsm;udkyg pdkufxm;\/ av;axmifhcGufwGif pmwef;av;wpfck ygonf/
]AIDS a&m*gtaMumif; wpfqifhpum; yg;MuygpdkY} wJh/
pm&GufESdyfonfh stapler ESifhtwl aumfbl;&Snf&Snfav;wpfck &Sdonf/

zdkifwGJawG txyfvdkuf&Sdonf/ uGefysLwm 'pfpfuufwfawG xnfhxm;onfh
av;axmifhbl;wpfck &Sdonf/ "mwfyHkt,fvfbrfwpfck &Sdonf/ a&aEG;"mwfbl;wpfck
&Sdonf/ cvkwfjzihf zd&aom trsdK;tpm; jzpfonf/ vufzuf&nfyef;uefjym;ay:rSm
zefcGufwpfck arSmufxm;\/ ol zwfaeaom pm&Gufrsm;\ atmufwGif teDa&mif
pufzdkifwGJwpfckwGif;rS pm&GuftcsdKYudk zGifhxm;\/
aea&mifcefY\ pwpfaumfvmtuÐsjzL\ &ifbwfwGif teDa&mif

zJMudK;ao;ao;udk auG;,Sufxm;aom Muufajccwft&Snfav;wpfck &Sdonf/
]jynfhpHkygw,f}
pmrsufESm (163)
aea&mifcefYu pm&GufawGudk nDatmif jyefxyfjyD; zGifhxm;aom

zdkifwGJay:wGif wifvdkufonf/ xdkYaemuf olYtm; pm&GufjzLwpfckESifh cJwHwpfacsmif;
ay;ygonf/
]cifAsm; rSef;qrdoavmuf oleJYygoGm;wJh ydkufqHta&twGuf? ypönf;

trsdK;tpm;? t0wftpm;... tJ'gawG csa&;cJhyg}
cefYrSef;ajc ydkufqH...tenf;qHk; ckepfaxmifhav;&m/ bmjzpfvdkYvJqdkawmh
od'¨d\ydkufqHtdwfrS &SdorSsrSm 5400 rdkYyJ jzpfonf/
'Dyg\pkbl;tukef... b,favmufrSef; rcefYrSef;ekdifaomfvnf; tenf;qHk;

ESpfaxmifawmh &SdrSmyJ/ tusDt0wftpm;uawmh ESpfpHkavmuf jzpfrnf/
ararajymawmh cg;rSm 0wfoGm;onfh t0wfESifh twl ESpfpHkavmufyJ
avsmhaeonfwJh/ vufywfem&Du fancy yHkpHqef;qef; r&ef;Eka&mifESifh rD;cdk;a&mif
a&mxm;onfh uav;tMudKufem&D/
]aemufjyD; aqGrsdK;awG&SdwJh jrdKY&GmemrnfawG csa&;ay;yg/ aqGrsdK;vdkYolodwJh

olawGaygh/ aemufjyD; udk,fhtdrfeJYtquftoG,f rsm;wJh todtuRrf;awG&SdwJh
jrdKY&GmawGa&m}
]uRefawmfh ta':awG OD;av;awGudk ar;MunfhjyD;om; tpfudk? 'Dyg tJ'Dudk

roGm;bl;}
aea&mifcefYu jyHK;vsuf acgif;ndwfonf/
pmrsufESm (164)
][kwfygjyD? uRefawmfu cifAsm;udk &Sm&r,fh jrdKYpm&if;xJrSm tJ'DjrdKYav;awG

&Gmav;awGudk ekwfay;edkifzdkYar;wmyg}
od'¨d tomav; jyHK;ae&onf/ aqGrsdK;todu e,frSm enf;enf;av;yJ

&SdwmrdkY enf;enf;yJ a&;&ygonf/
]jyD;&if uRefawmfwdkY olY&JU tjyKtrltaMumif; ajymMu&atmif? ol

ausmif;om;wm0ef rausyGefbl;qkdwJh cifAsm;&JYrSwfcsufymm a,bk,sqefaew,f?
enf;enf;av; xyfcGJxkwf&atmif? olausmif;vpfovm;}
]rvpfygbl;}
]'gjzifh...}
ol pmrusufcsifbl;? olu pmudk pdwfr0ifpm;bl;}
][kwfjyD? 'gqdk ynmudka&m pdwf0ifpm;ovm;}
od'¨d &kwfw&uf tHhtm;oifhoGm;ygonf/
]ol "mwkaA' pdwf0ifpm;ovm;? &lyaA' pdwf0ifpm;ovm;}
]ol tJ'gawG pdwfr0ifpm;bl;}
]bmaMumifhvdkYxifvJ}
]uRefawmfxifwmuawmh rjrif& rudkif&vdkYvdkYxifw,f}
pmrsufESm (165)
]'gjzifh...jrif&udkif&wJh t&mxJu b,fynmudk ol pdwf0ifpm;w,fxifvJ}
]wa,m...}
aea&mifcefY rsufcHk;yifhoGm;\/
]ol wa,moifcsifw,fqdkvdkY araru wa,mq&mudk tdrfac:jyD;

oifay;ygw,f}
]pdwfygvufyg usihf&JYvm;}
]ymm... usihfw,f usihfw,f? wpfcgwpfcg nudk;em&DrSmawmif

wa,mxkd;csifxdk;wm}
aea&mifcefY jyHK;aeygonf/
]'gjzifh ol wa,mynmudk pdwf0ifpm;w,faygh? jyD;awmh bmawG

oifcsifao;ovJ}
]0l&SL;...}
aea&mifcefYu toHxGufí &,fonf/ xkdYaemuf rsufESmjyefwnfí

]aqm&D;} [k awmif;yefygonf/
]jyD;awmh uGefysLwm *&yfzpf'DZdkif;}
pmrsufESm (166)
][kwfjyD? q,fwef;pmudk taMumif;aMumif;aMumifh odyfpdwfr0ifpm;ayr,fh

wjcm;ynm&yfawGrSm pdwf0ifpm;w,fvdkYuRefawmf rSwfcsufcsvdkufr,f/ ol
b,fjrdKUawG a&mufzl;vJAs}
od'¨d pOf;pm;Munfhvdkufonf/ ararESifhtwl olwdkYnDtpfudk b,fawG

c&D;xGufzl;ygvdrfh/
]&Srf;jynfe,fbuf? iyvD? rif;vS... uRefawmfwdkYrdom;pkoGm;wJh ae&mawG

ygyJ}
]rdom;pkrygbJ olwpfa,mufwnf; c&D;xGufzl;ovm;? Oyrm

oli,fcsif;awGeJY}
]roGm;zl;ygbl;? rESpfu 'Dyg usdKufxD;&dk;udk oli,fcsif;awGeJY oGm;csifvdkY

ararhudk ylqmao;w,f? araru pdwfrcsvdkY uRefawmfyg&if vdkufvdkYajymw,f?
uRefawmfuvJ roGm;csifbl;? uRefawmf rvdkufawmh olvJ roGm;&ygbl;?
tJ'Dwkef;u oleJYuRefawmf wpfywfavmuf pum;rajymMubl;}
aea&mifcefYu acgif;ndwfonf/
]ol odyfoGm;csifwJh ae&mrsdK; &Sdovm;? cifAsm;udk ol ajymzl;ovm;}
]rajymzl;bl; tpfudk? awmf0ifhudkawmh... tJ... awmf0if qdkwm olYoli,fcsif;

yg? awmf0ihfudkawmh ekdifiHjcm;u atmhZf0pf tusOf;pcef;wdkYbmwdkYudk ol
oGm;Munfhcsifw,fvdkY ajymzl;w,f}
pmrsufESm (167)
xdkYaemuf od'¨d&,frdonf/ aea&mifcefYu jyHK;yif rjyHK;yg/
]ol ordkif;udk pdwf0ifpm;w,fvdkYcifAsm;xifovm;}
]tJ'gawmh rodbl;? rmwifvlomuif; *sLeD,mqdkwJh vlwpfa,muf&Jh

r*¾¾Zif;"mwfyHkudkawmh olYeH&Hay:rSm uyfxm;w,f}
olwdkYESpfa,muf cP wdwfqdwfoGm;Muygonf/
pmrsufESm (168)
(15)
ESpfq,fhoHk;&ufajrmufaeY.../
abmvHk;udk zrf;vdkufzdkYu vG,fygw,f/

]uJ...abmvHk;udk jyefajrSmufypfay;vdkufprf;} wJh/
&mpkESpfrsm;pGmwkef;u olYO,smOfxJrSm &yfaewJh
Zifbkef;MuD;wpfyg;u ajymygw,f/
(Elaine Equi)
w,fvDzkef;oH pjrnfcsdefrSm od'¨donf tdyfrufrufaecJhygonf/

tdyfrufxJrSm ol pmar;yGJcef;r wpfckxJrSm pmar;yGJ ajzaecJhygonf/
cef;rus,fMuD;onf avat;pufjzifh at;pdrfhaejyD; olYwpfudk,fvHk; ckdufcdkufwkef
aecJh\/ tajzawGudk tavmwMuD; a&;aeaomfvnf; tcsdefravmufawmhbl;[k
odaeonf/ ol ajzvdkYrjyD;cif wpf0ufwpfysufrSm bJvfwD;vdkufjcif; jzpfonf/
acgif;avmif;oHonf olYem;xJodkY aMumufrufzG,f rkef;wD;zG,f qdk;qdk;0g;0g;
0ifa&mufoGm;cJhonf/ ol xlylpGm wkefvIyfoGm;\/
aeOD;...apmifhygOD;...[k ol atmfympfonf/ odkYaomf olvufxJrS

tajzpm&Gufudk vufwpfzufu vsifjrefpGm qGJ,loGm;onf/ oGm;jyD/
vlawG w&kef;&kef; xGufoGm;Muonf/ olu wkefcdkufpGm &yfaerdonf/
pmrsufESm (169)
acgif;avmif;oHu qlnHaeqJ/ bmvdkY'Davmuf tqufrjywf

wD;aewmvJ/
xdkcPrSmyif tJ'g acgif;avmif;oH r[kwfbl;[k ol odoGm;onf/ tJ'g

w,fvDzkef;oH/ xkdtcgusrS 'g tdyfrufyJ[k odvdkuf&onf/ rsufvHk;udk
ZGwftm;wif;í zGifhvdkuf&\/ eHeuftapm rdk;pifpifvif;aejyD/ olu tdyf&may:rSm/
w,fvDzkef;u {nfhcef;rSm/
araredk;awmhrSmyJ [k pdk;&drfaomtcg ol 0kef;ceJ xjyD; {nfhcef;qD

ajy;rdawmhonf/
]ymJvdk...} tdyfcsifrl;wl; olYtoHrSm tufuGJuGJ jzpfae\/
]'Dyghtdrfuvm;} a,musfm;oHwpfck/
olYrsufvHk; us,foGm;ygonf/ &ifxdwfceJ ckefoGm;aomaMumifh jzpfonf/
][kwfygw,f}
]'Dyg &Sdvm;}
olrsufarSmifMuKwfrdoGm;\/
]r&Sdygbl;}
'Dygholi,fcsif;wpfa,mufa,mufrsm;vm;/ toHu awmfawmf rmonf/
]rnmeJYaemf}
]tckqufwm b,folvJ}
pmrsufESm (170)
a'gyGpGm ar;rdonf/
]ausmfaZ,s&JYtpfukd}
]b,fu ausmfaZ,svJ} 'Dygholi,fcsif;xJrSm tJonfemrnfjzifh r&Sdyg/
]'DygeJYpum;ajymcsifw,f? 'Dyghudk ac:ay;yg}
]'Dygr&Sdbl;uG? bmudpö&SdvdkYvJ}
]nuwnf;u jyefrvmwmvm;}
ol pdwfwdk&mrS tHhMovmonf/
]'Dyg tdrfrSm r&Sdwm &ufESpfq,fausmfjyD? rif;vS oGm;aew,f?

bmudpö&SdvdkYvJ}
wpfzufu cPjidrfoufoGm;onf/ pum;oHom jidrfoGm;wm/

toufawmh jyif;jyif;&SLoH Mum;ae&ygonf/ xkdYaemuf toHMum;&onf/
]nwkef;u ighnDudk aumifav;oHk;a,muf 0dkif;&dkufMuw,f}
toHrSm apmapmuxuf aysmhaysmif;oGm;\/
]tarSmifxJrSmqdkawmh b,folawGrSef;rodbl;? ighnDu 'Dyg ygw,fvdkY

xifvdkufw,f}
olY&ifxJrSm av;vHoGm;ygonf/
pmrsufESm (171)
]rjzpfekdifbl;? 'DygrS 'DrSmr&SdbJ? aeOD;...rif;nDu tck b,frSmvJ} pdwfylpGm

ar;rdonf/
]tdrfrSmaygh? acgif;uGJoGm;wm ESpfcsufcsKyf&w,f? ighnDukd aoG;xGufatmif

vkyfwJh aumifawGudk igu aoG;xGufatmif vkyf&rS auseyfr,f}
wpfzufu toHu jyefí wif;rmvmjyef\/
]tJ'g ig*&krpdkufbl;? ighnDvJ tck tdrfrSm r&Sdbl;? MumjyD r&Sdwm? jyD;awmh

ighnDu nawGqdk tdrfjyifrxGufwwfbl;? rif;wkdYymm rif;wdkYb,frSm jzpfvmwJh
&efpawGrSef; rodbJeJY pGyfpGJcsifwkdif; pGyfpGJvdkY&rvm;uG? w&m;Oya'qkdwm
b,foGm;xm;rvJ} ol cyfrmrm jyefaymmufypfvkduf&\/
]tJ'D w&m;Oya'qdkwmMuD;u nwkef;u b,fa&mufaevJ ...

b,fa&mufaevJ}
wpfzufu ememMunf;Munf; atmfympfonf/
ausmfaZ,swJh? wpfcgrS rMum;zl;aom emrnf/
]rif;nDu ighnDeJYwpfausmif;wnf;vm;}
]r[kwfbl;? wjcm;ausmif;u}
]at;av... ausmif;csif;vJ rwlbJeJYrsm;? ighnDuvJ &efukefrSm r&Sdbl;} [k

ajyajyvnfvnf ajymrdonf/
pmrsufESm (172)
]'Dyg &efukefrSm r&Sdwm aocsmw,faemf}
ol raocsmyg/ odkYaomf b,fvdk ajz&rvJ/
]aocsmw,f? aemufjyD; ighnDu b,fawmhrS olrsm;udk &efrpbl;? olYudk

vmapmfum;&ifom jyefwG,fwm}
xdkpum;udk olbmjzpfvdkY t&om&Sd&Sd ajymvdkufrdrSef; rodyg/
wpfzufu rajymrqdk zkef;csoGm;\/ ol auseyfoGm;ygonf/
aumifav;tcsif;csif; &efjzpfonfhudpörSm 'Dyghtay: b,fwkef;urS

em;vnfMunfhvdkY r&cJh/ 'DyghbufrS wpfcgrS aerMunhfzl;cJh/ 'Dyg &efrsm;onf[kyJ
olxifxm;cJhonf/ ykqdk;qGJcGswfcH&vdkY jyefwG,fwmrsdK;usawmh &efrsm;onf[k
ajymvdkY&yghrvm;[k ,cktcg ol qifjcifrdjyD/
tckrS owd&onf/ zkef;eHygwf b,fu &ovJ[k rar;vdkufrdyg/
ol wkdifuyfem&Dukd armhMunhfvdkuf\/ 6 em&D xdk;jyD;oGm;jyD/
ol a&csdK;cef;xJ0ifí oGm;wdkufa&csdK;onf/ eHeufapmapmwGif a&at;at;

csdK;&onfh t&omudk olvdkcsifonf/ odkYaomf a&wdkifuDrSusaoma&rSm
arSsmfvifhoavmuf rat;yg/
a&csdK;cef;xJrSm ol oDcsif;atmfrqdkwwf/ araruawmh a&csdK;vSsif

oDcsif;ESpfyk'f oHk;yk'f qufí qdkwwfonf/ olwdkYnDtpfudkonf ararhoDcsif;oHtm;
wdwfwdwfcdk;í em;axmifavh&SdMuygonf/
pmrsufESm (173)
nDtpfudk ESpfa,muftwGuf omrefqyfjymawG xm;ay;aomfvnf;

olwdkYnDtpfudkonf arar\ aps;MuD;aom ESLx&dk*sD;em; qyfjymawGudkrS
,loHk;csifonf/ araronf ESLx&dk*sD;em; qyfjymudk toGifoP²meftrsdK;rsdK;jzifh
oHk;\/ rsufESmopfqyfjymcJ? udk,fcE¨mtwGuf a&yef;jzifh csdK;&if;oHk;aom shower
gel rsufESmoefYpif qyfjym&nf.../
trsdK;pHkyJ/ om;ESpfa,mufuvnf; rdrdwdkYtwGuf ay;xm;aom vyfufpwdkY?

uifrDwdkYudk ypfxm;um ararhqyfjymawG acgif;avSsmf&nfawGrS oHk;vdkYaumif;onf
xif\/
]awmfjyD? eifwdkYroHk;atmif ighAD&dkxJ aomhcwfodrf;xm;rS jzpfr,f} [k arar

cPcP ajymaomfvnf; wu,fawmh rodrf;yg/
a&csdK;jyD;awmh t0wftpm;vJjyD; aumfzDazsmfzkdY jyif&onf/ edkYrIefY

ukefawmhrnf/
xrif;pm;cef;pm;yGJrSm arar nu a&;xmymef &Sdaom aps;0,fpm&if;

rSwfpk t0geka&mif Note Pad av;udk awGY&onf/
0,f&ef...rkefvmOeD? a*:zDxkyf? ykpGef? Amoxycillin ESifh Vitron wJh/
olonf cJwHukd aumuf,ljyd; ararhpm&if;wGif Coffee Matewpfxkyf[k

jznfhpGufa&;vdkufonf/ xkdYaemuf aygifrkefYESpfcsyfxkwfí rD;uifonfhpufxJ
xnhfvkdufjyD; cvkwfzGifhxm;vdkufonf/ aygifrkefYr&rD ol aumfzDazsmfygonf/
a&cJaowåmxJrS csdpftvTmyg;yg;jym;jym;ESpfcsyf xkwf,lvdkufonf/
pmrsufESm (174)
csdpfudk pm;rnfqdkwdkif; upfupfudk owd&pGm jyHK;rdonf/
upfupfonf axmywfrpm;? csdpfrpm;? r,Gef;eJYpfrpm;/ ajryJqef rpm;/
]oem;p&m uav;r} [k ol cPcP avSmifajymifavh&Sdygonf/
aumfzDazsmfaepOf atmufxyfvrf;rqDrS yJjyKwfonf atmfoH Mum;&onf/

wpfcgavmufawmh yJjyKwfESifh xrif;aMumf pm;csifvdkufwm[k qE´jzpfrdonf/
arar aMumfonfh xrif;aMumfrSm tvGefpm;vdkYaumif;ygonf/ tckwavm 'Dyg
tdrfrSm r&Sduwnf;u araronf rD;zdkacsmifudpöudk t&ifuxufydkí
vspfvsL&IcJhonf/ wpfcgvmvnf; ykpGefeJYtpdrf;aMumf/ wpfcgvmvnf; ykpGefeJY
tpdrf;aMumf/ onfaeYvnf; aps;0,fpm&if;udk Munfh&oavmufawmh ykpGefeJY
tpdrf;aMumfyJ csufrSmygyJ/ od'¨duvnf; 'Dyghvdk EIwfrSzGifhjyD; ymif;aMu;
rrsm;wwfyg/
upfupfu ig;ydqDaMumf aumif;aumif;vkyfjyD; ykvif;xJ xnfh,lcJhrnf[k

raeYu ajymonf/
aygifrkefYESpfck axmufceJ toHjzifh tay:jyefMuGwufvmonf/ ol

uysmu,m qGJxkwfí csdpfESpfckudk wpfcsyfpD tay:rSmwifonf/ araronf
pdwfvdkvuf&&SdvSsif ol csdpftpm;rsm;wmudk bmrS rajymbJ jyHK;Munfhaewwf
aomfvnf; pdwfrxifvSsif axhaighwwf\/
]tdk...udkod'¨da&...&Siftpm;ykwfyHkeJYawmh usKyfrGJ&csnf&JYawmf} wJh/
pmrsufESm (175)
od'¨donf aygifrkefYrD;uifudk tm;&yg;& udkufpm;awmhrnfhymef jyifwkef;

w,fvDzkef;oHudk Mum;vdkuf&ojzifh pdwfnpfoGm;onf/
vmjyefjyD/ apmapmpD;pD;/
olwpfudkuf udkufrdatmif udkufvdkufjyD; ajy;xGufvmcJh&onf/ arar

redk;ao;yg/
]ymJvdk}
]od'¨dvm;} a,musfm;oH/
][kwfygw,f]
b,folygvdrfh/ &if;ESD;aom toHyJ/
]uRefawmf aea&mifcefYyg}
]aMomf...tpfudk}
]uRefawmf zkef;qufvdkufvdkYedk;oGm;wmvm;}
]ymm...r[kwfygbl; tpfudk? uRefawmf 6 em&Duwnf;u edk;wmyg? 7

em&DrSm pmoGm;oif&rSmrdkYav? ajymyg tpfudk}
]'DaeY qef;a';qdkawmh cifAsm;tar tm;rvm;}
]tJ...}
pmrsufESm (176)
]uRefawmf oleJYpum;ajymMunfhcsifw,f? uRefawmf odcsifwmav;awG

&SdvdkY}
]tif;...uRefawmf ararhudk edI;ay;&rvm;}
]ymm...rESdK;ygeJYaeygap? olYudkyJ ajymay;yg? uRefawmf'DaeYAufqJvfpfrSm

nae 5 em&Dxd &Sdaeyghr,f? ol tm;&if cifAsm;ac:vmay;zkdYzkef;qufwmyg}
arar oGm;csifyghrvm;/
]uRefawmfajymvdkufyghr,f? ta&;MuD;ovm;}
]MuD;w,fvJ r[kwfbl; rMuD;bl;vJ r[kwfbl;? awGYvkduf&vdkYtajzwpfck

xGufcsifvJ xGufvmekdifw,f? bmtajzrS rxGufbJ aecsifvJ aer,f? 'gayrJh...}
aea&mifcefYcPjidrfoGm;jyD; qufajymonf/
]'gayrJh uRefawmfcefYrSef;Munfh&oavmufawmh 'Dygymm cifAsm;xifovdk

cifAsm;udk pdwfqdk;jyD; xGufoGm;wmawmh r[kwfbl;As}
ol tHhMooGm;onf/
]'gjzihf...}
]ol bmudk rauseyfovJqdkwm twdtusawmh rodao;bl;? ol

pmoifae&wJh usL&Sifpepfudk rMudKufwmawmh ygvdrfhr,f? 'gayrJh b,ftcsufu
pmrsufESm (177)
olYudk wGef;tm;ay;w,f qdkwmawmh taotcsm wGufvdkYr&bl;? 'Dawmh

cifAsm;tareJYawGY&&if wpfckck &edkifrvm;vdkY}
]araraMumifhvm;ymif} ol &ifckefpGm ar;rdonf/
]wpfxpfcsawmh ajymvkdYr&bl;aygh? jzpfedkifajcyJ &Sdwmudk;}
][kwfuJh? uRefawmf ararhudk ajymvdkufyghr,f}
]aumif;jyD? apmapmquf&wm pdwfr&SdygeJYAsm? uRefawmfu ckreufydkif;

oGm;p&m udpöav;wpfck &SdaevdkYyg}
][kwfuJh udpör&Sdygbl; tpfudk? tpfudkYudk aus;Zl;wifygw,f]
]uRefawmf ulnDzkdYtqifoifhygyJAsm}
ol w,fvDzkef;csjyD;aemuf pdwftenf;i,f av;vHoGm;onf/ rD;zdkcef;

qDodkY cyfqkwfqkwf ajcvSrf;rsm;jzifh jyef0ifcJhrdavonf/
araru b,fvdkwHkYjyefrvJ/ od'¨daMumifh tdrfu xGufoGm;wm r[kwf&if

ararhaMumifhaygh/ tJ'gudk arar b,fvdkvkyfjyD; vufcHedkifyghrvJ/
ol aygifrkefYudk cyfoGufoGuf0g;jyD; aumfzDESifh arSsmcsvdkufonf/
ararhtwGuf pma&;jyD; rsufESmopf vufaq;uef rSefrSm uyfxm;cJhr,f/

'grS od'¨djyefrvmcif arar tjyifxGufvSsif VESSELS udk oGm;zdkYtcsdefawGudk
MudKwifpDpOfedkifrSm/
pmrsufESm (178)
b,fvdka&;&yghrvJ/
ol t0ga&mif Note Padav;rS tay:qHk;pm&Guf aps;pm&if;udk

jzKwfvdkufjyD; pm;yGJay:u i&kwfaumif;rIefYykvif;ay:rSm tomuyfvdkufonf/
abmvfyifteufa&mifudk tusÐtdwfxJrS xkwf,lvdkufjyD; csa&;vdkuf\/
]arar...
VESSELSu udkaea&mifcefYu ararhudk awGYjyD; pum;ajymrS jzpfr,fwJh/
'DaeYnae ig;em&Dxd oltJ'D&Hk;rSm &Sdr,fwJh/
arar olYqDzkef;qufjyD; taMumif;jyefvkdufygOD;/
od'¨d}
]od'¨d}pmvHk;\ atmufrSm VESSELS zkef;eHygwfudk a&;ay;vdkufonf/
xkdYaemuf rsufESmopfaMuGuef\ rSefay:rSm tomuyfvdkufavonf/

xkdYaemufrS arar AufqJvfpf\ &Hk;cef;vdyfpmudk rodbl;[k olowd&oGm;onf/
pm&Gufuav;rSm ae&mrqHawmhay/ ol aemuftopfwpf&Gufay:rSm
csa&;vdkufonf/
]om;...aemufusaejyD}
olYaemufrS ararhtoH rarSsmfvifhbJ Mum;vdkuf&ojzifh ol vefYjyD;

ckefvdkuf\/
]ymJh...b,fvdkjzpfwmvJ}
pmrsufESm (179)
ararhrsufESmrSm uykdu&dk? odkYaomf ararhrsufvHk;awGu tdyf&mxvmolESifh

rwlbJ Munfpifaeonf/ eufarSmifaom rsuf0ef;rsm;jzifh od'¨d\vufxJu
a&;vufp pm&Gufav;udk iHkYzwf\/ od'¨d acsmif;wpfcsuf rqdk;csifbJ
qdk;vdkufygonf/
]AufqJvfpf&JY &Hk;cef;vdyfpm arar...? araroGm;awGYzdkY}
]arar oGm;&r,f...}
][kwfw,f arar ? apmapmu udkaea&mifcefY zkef;qufw,f arar?

ararhudk awGYrS jzpfr,fwJh}
arar rsufarSmifwGefYoGm;onf/
]bmaMumifhvJ} araru a&cJaowåmudk zGifhí a&wpfcGuf iSJY&if;ar;onf/
]'Dyg tdrfu xGufoGm;wm om;udk pdwfqdk;vdkYr[kwfbl;wJh}
]bm...}
araru a&cGufudk pm;yGJay:wifum a&cJaowåmudk toHjrnfatmif

ydwfvdkuf\/ od'¨dudk Munfhaom ararhrsuf0ef;awG pl;&S&SvufoGm;onf/
]araraMumifhvdkYolxifaeovm;}
]tJ'gawmh... ol... rajymbl; arar}
ararhrsuf0ef;awG cPcsif;yif rIefa0oGm;\/
pmrsufESm (180)
][kdrSm ararhtwGuf pmawmif om; uyfxm;cJhjyD;jyD? om; oGm;awmhr,f

arar} ol tomav;vSnfhxGufvmonfhtcg arar bmrS rajymbJ
a&cGufav;udkom awGa0pGm pdkufMunfhaecJhygonf/
pmrsufESm (181)
(15)
ESpfq,fhig;&ufajrmufaeY...nae/
jzpfjyD;cJhwJht&mu jzpfjyD;cJhygjyD/
yifv,fawGxJudk oGefcscJhwJh tqdyfawGudk
jyefazmufxkwfvdkYr&awmhbl;/
'gayrJh t&m&mymm ajymif;vJaew,f/
(Cicely Herbert)
rmeMuD;aom pdwfwdkwwfaom olYararudk VESSELS &Hk;cef;odkY

atmifjrifpGm vdkufydkYay;onfhtcsdefwGif nae 4em&DcGJjyD;aejyD/
&Hk;cef;t0if aumifwmrS pma&;rav; wpfa,mufqDodkY olcsufcsif;

avSsmufoGm;vdkufygonf/
]tpfr... OD;aea&mifcefY jyefoGm;jyDvm;}
]rjyefao;bl;? {nfhonfr&Sdbl;? 0ifoGm;vdkY&w,f}
]vm...arar}
pmrsufESm (182)
olYarartm; OD;aqmifí aea&mifcefY\ tcef;&Sd&modkYac:vmvdkufonf/

arar\ cGmjrifhzdeyfoHrSm uGefu&pf Murf;jyifay:rSm wa'gufa'guf jrnfae\/
tcef; 3 [k pmvHk;csdwfxm;aom tcef;a&SYrSm ol &yfvkdufygonf/ tcef;wHcg;\
tay:ydkif; oHk;yHkwpfyHkavmufu rSefjzpfonf/ xdkrSefrS jzwfvsuf
vSrf;Munfhaomtcg aea&mifcefY uGefysLwmxJrSm tm&Hkepf0ifaewm jrif&\/
]om; aecJh&if aumif;r,f xifw,f} [k olwdk;wdk;av; ajymrdonf/
araru olYtm; wpfcsufjyHK;jyjyD; wHcg;acgufonf/
]0ifcJhyg}
arar wHcg;zGifhjyD; 0ifoGm;aomtcg ol teD;u yvwfpwpfcHkrSm

0ifxkdifvdkufygonf/
]ukdaea&mifcefYygvm;}
tcef;eH&Hudk rsufESmMuuftxd ydwfumrxm;bJ tay:rSm ae&mvGwf

csefxm;wmrdkY tcef;xJu toHudk aumif;aumif; Mum;&ygonf/
][kwfygw,f cifAsm...xdkifyg}
aea&mifcefY\toHu aEG;axG;onf/ odrfarGYonf/
]uRefr...cifoefYpifyg}
]uRefawmf odygw,f q&mr? uRefawmfu tvif;opfr*¾Zif; y&dowfyg}
pmrsufESm (183)
olonf enf;enf;awmh tHhMooGm;\/ arar bmr*¾Zif;xkwfa0onf[k ol

wpfcgrS rajymcJhzl;yg/ odjyD/ upfupfyJ.../ upfupf vSsmacsmifjyD[k ol odvdkuf
ygonf/
]q&mr rrSwfrdbl; xifw,f? uRefawmfwdkYawGYzl;Muygw,f}
][kwfvm;}
arar xdkpum;udk arSsmfvifhxm;yHk r&/ od'¨dvnf; arSsmfvifhrxm;yg/
]uRefrwdkYr*¾Zif;wkdufudk vmzl;wmvm;}
]r[kwfygbl;? q&mru uRefawmfwdkY&Hk;udk vmzl;wmyg}
]tdk....&Sifh&Hk;? bm&Hk;ygvdrfh}
]vdkufzfyg? vGefcJhwJh ESpfvoHk;vavmufu vdkufzfudk q&mr vmw,fav}
]aMomf....vdkufzfrSm awGYcJhwmvm;? aqm&D;aemf... uRefru rSwfÚmPf

raumif;bl;}
]r[kwfbl;? q&mru rSwfÚmPfraumif;wm r[kwfygbl;? awGYcsdefu

puúefYydkif;avmufyJ MumvdkufvdkYyg? q&mru a'gufwmpdk;vGif&JU tcef;xJu
txGuf? uRefawmfu t0if? tJ'DrSm qHkrdMuwkef; q&mu uRefawmfeJY q&mrudk
rdwfqufay;cJhwm}
pmrsufESm (184)
]aMom...} ararhtoHrSm Za0Z0gyg/ od'¨dMudwf&,frd\/ araronf

pmvHk;awGudkom pdwf0ifpm;jyD; rsufESmawGudk pdwfr0ifpm;bl;[k ol
pGyfpGJcsifygonf/ od'¨d oli,fcsif;awGudkvnf; arar wpfcgESpfcg awGY&HkESifh
rrSwfrdwwfyg/
]&ygw,f q&mr.... jyefrpOf;pm;ygeJY? q&mr rSwfrdrSm r[kwfygbl;?

xm;vdkufyg? 'Dudpöav;eJYOD;aESmuft&IyfrcHygeJY}
xdkYaemuf ararwdkY&,farmMuonf/
]q&mr a&aEG;aomufrvm;}
]tdk...aeygap? raomufawmhygbl;}
]ajym...q&mr? uRefawmf bmtultnDay;&rvJ}
]aMomf...uRefr ajymzkdYarhaevdkufwm? uRefru od'¨deJY 'Dyg&JU araryg}
]ymm...}
]ukdaea&mifcefYu uRefrudk awGYcsifw,fvdkYom;u ajymvdkY}
]aymmAsm;...}
aea&mifcefY\ &,foHoJhoJhudk Mum;&onf/
]awmif;yefygw,f q&mr&,f? uRefawmfu od'¨d&JYtarudk

arSsmfvifhaecJhwm rSefw,f? 'gayrJh q&mrudk od'¨d&JU tar jzpfaevdrfhr,fvdkY
pmrsufESm (185)
rxifxm;rdbl;? tm;emvdkufwmAsm? q&mrrSef;od&if uRefawmfrac:ygbl;?

q&mrqDudk uRefawmfvmawGYrSm aygh? ymm...'ku©yJ}
tm;emymefjzifh ysm,mcwfoGm;aom aea&mifcefY\toHudk Mum;&awmh

od'¨drsufcHk;yifhoGm;rdygonf/ tcef; 2xJrSm vlMuD;wpfa,muf tdwfteufMuD;MuD;
wpfck udkifí xGufvmonf/ olYaemufrS touf 30ausmft&G,f trsdK;om;
wpfa,muf xGufvmygonf/
]aemufwpfywfrSm awGYMuwmayghAsm}
][kwfuJhyg q&m}
xdkvlMuD;u trsdK;om;ESifh vrf;cGJjyD;aemuf ol xkdifae&modkYavSsmufvm\/

olYtm; tjyHK;jzifh wpfcsufMunfhjyD; wHcg;acgufvdkufonf/ xkdYaemuf wHcg;udk
wGef;zGifhvdkufygonf/
]aea&mifcefY...MumOD;rSmvm;? apmifhac:&rvm;]
yGifhoGm;aom wHcg;rSwpfqifh tcef;wGif;odkYod'¨dvSrf;Munfhonf/

araruvnf; onfbuf vSnfhMunfh\/
]MumOD;r,f q&mjr... jyefESifhyg? uRefawmf wuúpDeJYyJ jyefvdkufr,f}
aea&mifcefYu xdkvlMuD;tm; vSrf;ajymonf/
]tdkau...jyD;a&m? 'gjzifh oGm;jyD]
pmrsufESm (186)
xdkvlMuD; wHcg;jyefydwfvsuf tcef;rS a0;&modkYavSsmufoGm;ygonf/

tJonfvlMuD;udk oljrifzl;ovdkvdk &Sdonf/ b,frSm jrifzl;rSef; pOf;pm;r&/
zdeyfoHa0;oGm;onf/ wpfae&m&mrS yefumvnfywfoHwpfck Mum;&onf/
]tJ...bmu...par;&rSef;awmif rodawmhygbl;Asm? trSefuawmh 'DygwdkY

taztaMumif; ar;rvkdYbJ? 'gayrJh...}
aea&mifcefYpdwfvIyf&Sm;ymefjzifh &,fonf/
azazhtaMumif; ar;r,f/ olowdtaetxm; jzpfoGm;ygonf/
]aMomf...'gvm;? vG,fygw,f? uRefru tvif;opfr*¾Zif;t,f'Dwm

cifoefYpif r[kwfbl;? om;ESpfa,muf&JYtar cifoefYpif? om;wpfa,muf tdrfrSm
aysmfatmif rxm;ekdifwJh cyfnHhnHh rdef;rwpfa,muf...}
wpfcP wdwfqdwfoGm;jyefonf/
od'¨donf ausmydk;tdwf\ MudK;rsm;udk jyefajzvdkuf jyefcsnfvdkuf

aqmhupm;aerdonf/ ararhudk nHhonf[k ol b,fwkef;urSs rxifcJhyg/
om;ESpfa,muf &SdonfhtxJu om;wpfa,muf tdrfu xGufoGm;wm rdcif
tkyfxdef;rI nHhvdkY[k olrxifcsifyg/ tJ'D om;u qdk;udk qdk;vdkYa&m
rjzpfekdifbl;vm;/
]tJ'D rdef;ru nHhom nHhwm? b0ifuawmh jrifhjrifhyJ? om; tdrfu

xGufoGm;wm udk,fhaMumifhvdkY tpGyfpGJcHvdkuf&vdkYa'gowMuD; 'Da&mufvmcJhwm?
'Da'goudk rsdKcszkdY avSum;twufrSm pdwfxJuae o&P*Hk oHk;av;acguf
pmrsufESm (187)
&Gwf,lcJh&w,f? atmifjrifoGm;jyDvdkY,lqjyD; tcef;xJ 0ifcJhwm? 'Da&mufawmh

udk,fhudk tifwmAsL;vkyfr,fh vlu udk,fhxuf q,fESpfavmuf i,faewJhol
jrif&jyefawmh rsdKodyfxm;wJh a'goawG jyefxGufvmjyefa&m}
arawdkYESpfa,muf cyfoJhoJh &,farmMujyefygonf/
]uRefawmf bmrS rpGyfpGJ&ygvm; tpfr&JY? tckrS jzpfekdifajcudk &Smaewkef;yg}
]uJ...&Sifar;ekdifjyD? ar;awmhav}
aea&mifcefYbmpum;rS rajymyg/ od'üdk ar;wkef;u oGufvufcJhaom

toHonf ararESifh usawmh wdwfqdwfae\/
]aumif;jyD? &Sifrar;&if uRefrpjyD; ar;&vdrfhr,f}
]aumif;ygw,f tpfr...ar;yg}
tajctaeu ajymif;jyefjzpfoGm;onf/ ol&,fcsifoGm;\/
]&Sifh&JYynmt&nftcsif;udk uRefr odcGifh&Sdygovm;}
aea&mifcefYu &,farmjyefygonf/
][kwfom;yJ? uRefawmfu tpfrudk bmrSrajymrdao;bl;? uRefawmfhuwfudk

od'¨dudkawmh ay;xm;cJhygw,f? uRefawmfu &efukef 0dZÆmeJYodyÜHwuúodkvfuae
pdwfynm rymm0dZÆmbGJY &xm;ygw,f? aemufjyD; tar&duef aumfeJvfwuúodkvf
pmrsufESm (188)
uae cGJjcrf;pdwfjzm pdwfynm rymm0dZÆmbGJY&xm;ygw,f? vdkufzfrSm uRefawmfh

&mxl;u trltusifhajymif;vJjcif;qdkif&m nSdESdKif;rI t&m&Sdaygh tpfr&,f}
olYtoHu cyfwdk;wdk;rdkYod'¨d tenf;i,f tm&HkpdkufjyD; em;axmif&ygonf/
]'gjzifh vlawG&JYtrltusifhudk &Sifajymif;vJay;ekdifr,fvdkY ,HkMunfw,f

qdkygawmh}
]tpfra&m r,Hkbl;vm;? tpf ,HkMunfvdkYtvif;opfr*¾Zif; xkwfaewm

r[kwfbl;vm;}
],HkMunfcJhygw,f? 'gayrJh uRefru udk,fht&nftcsif;udk ydkwGufcJhrdyHk

&w,f? wu,fawmh vlawG&JYtrltusifhudk ajymif;vJzdkYqdkwm awmfawmfraocsmwJh
tvkyf? awmfawmfpdwf&Snf &r,fh tvkyf? awmfawmfvJ cufcJwJh tvkyfygyJ/
txl;ojzifh udk,fajymif;vJay;&rSmu pD;yGm;a&;rajyvnfvdkYb0rSm arSsmfvifhp&m
bmrS r&SdwJhvlrsdK;awG jzpfaecJh&ifaygh}
tcef;wpfckxJrS trsdK;orD;oHk;a,muf &,farmvsuf xGufvmonf/

ararhavmuf t&G,fawGyJ jzpfonf/ ESpfa,mufu ydefydef&Snf&Snf? wpfa,mufu
00jrifhjrifh/ rdwfaqGoli,fcsif;awGrSef; odomygonf/ od'¨da&SYrSjzwfoGm;awmh
od'¨dtm; vlysdKayguf ydpdauG;av;tm; cspfpedk;Munfhonfh tjyHK;rsdK;jzifh
jyHK;MunfhoGm;Mu\/ od'¨donf ausmydk;tdwfudk iHkYpdkufMunfhvdkuf&jyefonf/
pmrsufESm (189)
]uRefr udk,fhudk,fudk &,fcsifrdw,f? uRefr&JYtvif;opfr*¾Zif;ymm

pD;yGm;a&; r*¾Zif;om jzpfcJh&if vlawGudk trltusifh ajymif;ay;zkdY 'ghxufydk
jrefjrefvkyfay;edkifrvm; rodbl; qdkwJh tawG;eJYaygh}
arar &,fp&majymrSef;odojzifh od'¨djyHK;ygonf/
]tckawmh e*dku uRefrrSm &SdwJh arSSsmfvifhcsufav;awGawmif aysmufukefjyD?

om;i,f tdrfu xGufoGm;wmymm uRefr&JYpdwf"mwfudk ymdk;atmufusatmif
qGJESdrfhypfvdkufovdkygyJ? om;udkawmif pdwf"mwfajymif;ray;edkifwJh uRefrymm
wpfedkifiHvHk;u vlawGudk b,fvdkvkyfjyD; ulnDay;edkifyghrvJ}
]tpfru pdwf"mwfajymif;ay;p&m rvdkwJholudkrS oGm;ajymif;zkdY

MudK;pm;vdkufwmudk;}
olYpum;onf arar tcH&cufrnfh pum;jzpfonf/
]aqm&D;...uRefawmf tpfrudk a0zefwm r[kwfbl;aemf? uRefawmfhtjrifudk

ajymrvdkY? q&mruvli,fawGudk avSsmhwGufyHk&w,f? vli,fawGtay:rSm q&mru
odyfqEápmvGef;w,f? olwdkYudk odyfjzpfapcsifvGef;awmh yHkoGif;csifwJhbufudk
a&mufoGm;wJhoabmyJ/ wu,fwef;u vli,fawG pdwf"mwf&ifhusufvmzkdYymmvJ
&ifhusufcsdefawmh ay;&r,f tpfr? vlrIa&;yJ MunfhMunfh? edkifiHa&;yJ MunfhMunfh?
ynma&;yJ MunfhMunfh? pD;yGm;a&;yJ MunfhMunfh tpfr&,f... u@wdkif;rSm
tajymif;tvJ wpfck vkyfawmhr,fqdk&if ajymif;vJrIMum;umv tcsdefwpfck
vdkygw,f/ Transition Period ayghaemf? tpfr arhaew,fxifw,f?
tJ'DtcsdefumvymmvJ trsdK;tpm;ay:vdkufvdkY vl&JY ÚmPf&nfay:vdkufvdkY
pmrsufESm (190)
taES;tjref rwlygbl;? b,fudpörqdk Transition Period ymm Mumwmcsnf;ygyJ?

uav;wpfa,muf vlMuD;b0 ajymif;zkdYMum;umv vdkwmyJ}
arar toHwdwfaeonf/
]tpfr&JYom;ti,fudk tpfr tm;r&bl;wJh? tJ'g bmudk jyovJqdkawmh

tpfrymm om;udk em;vnfzdkYrMudK;pm;bJ udk,fvdkcsif&m jzpfapzdkYyJ MudK;pm;aecJhw,f
qdkwm jywmyJ}
arar &,farmvdkufonf/ rcHcsifpdwfjzifh &,farmvdkufjcif; jzpfrSef;

od'¨dodonf/
]aeprf;ygOD; udkaea&mifcefY&JU? &Sifu uRefrwdkYom;trdudk wpfcgrS rjrifzl;

rodzl;bJeJY bmvdkY'Davmuf aocsmae&wmvJ}
]uRefawmf raocsmygbl;? cefYrSef;jyD; ajymaewmyg/ uRefawmfhar;cGef;udk

ajzxm;wJh tpfrtajzawGt&yJ cefYrSef;aewmyg? aocsmwmwpfckuawmh tpfr&JU
om;ti,fymm bmpdwf"mwfrS ajymif;ay;p&mrvdkbl;? ol OD;wnfwJh vrf;aMumif;
ymm rrSm;ygbl;? tpfroGm;apcsifwJhvrf;aMumif; r[kwfwmeJYyJ olYvrf;aMumif;
rSm;w,fvdkYajymvdkY r&ygbl;? tpfrjyifvdkufawmhrS rSm;oGm;ekdifwmyg}
tJonfvdk a0zefrIrsdK; ararhrSm rsm;rsm;pm;pm; r&cJhwm od'¨dodygonf/

araronf tdrfrSmvnf; ynmtwwfqHk;? tawGYtMuHK&ifhusufqHk; tdrfaxmifOD;pD;/
&Hk;rSmvnf; xkwfa0onf t,f'Dwm/ ararhxuf&mxl;MuD;wJhol &Hk;rSm r&Sd/
pmrsufESm (191)
tm;vHk;u ararhoabmxm;twdkif; aeMu&olawG/ araru csdKcsdKav;ESifh

tmPmwnfedkifol jzpf\/
]'g... tpfreJY od'¨d&JU tajzvTmawGudk zwfMunfhjyD;wJhaemuf uRefawmf

a&;xm;wJh rSwfcsufawGygyJ}
tcef;xJu tao;pm;ppfyGJav; cPwdwfqdwfoGm;ygonf/
od'¨donf pdwfusOf;usyfpGm ymdk[kdonfonf vSrf;Munfhrd\/

&Hk;cef;wpfckvHk; olwdkY oHk;a,mufyJ usefawmhovm; rodyg/ tm;vHk;wdwfqdwf
jidrfoufaejyD/ tjyifvrf;rqDrS um;rsm; pnfum;aejyD xifonf/ ymGef;oHrsm;?
um;bD;ESifh uwå&mvrf;yGwfwkdufoHrsm;udk Mum;ae&ygonf/
acsmif;wpfcsuf ymefYvdkufjyD;aemuf udkaea&mifcefYonf ydkí wdk;wdwfaom

avoHjzifh pum;jyefp\/
]tJ'D pmaMumif;awGu ymmojzpfaew,fqkd&if uRefawmfhb0&JY

ymmowpfck taMumif; tpfrt&ifem;axmifygOD;/ uRefawmfu udk,fhudk,fudk
ta&;yg t&ma&mufvSjyDvdkY txifawGMuD;aewm? vlawGudk ulnDzkdY
pdwf"mwfjyKjyif ajymif;vJay;zkdYbmnmeJY pum;vHk; MuD;MuD;us,fus,fawG
avSsmufajymaeawmh uRefawmfh&JY tpGrf;tpudk prf;oyfzkdY rjrifedkifwJh wefcdk;&Sif
wpfa,mufa,mufu? ewfa'0gwpfyg;yg;u qHk;jzwfvdkufyHk &ygw,f/ uJ...rif;
'Davmufawmif vlawGudk jyKjyifajymif;vJcsif&if rif;nDudk t&ifjyKjyif
ajymif;vJMunfhOD; ... wJh}
pmrsufESm (192)
'gjzifh upfupfrSm aemufxyftpfudkwpfa,muf &Sdao;w,fqdkwm

aea&mifcefY olYudk vdrfcJhwm r[kwfbl;aygh/
]uRefawmfhnDymm wefcdk;&Sifu ynmukefoHk;jyD; zefqif;xm;ovm;

atmufarh&atmif ajymifajymifajrmufajrmuf qdk;wJhaumifyg/ ynmvJ
pdwfr0ifpm;bl;/ zJ&dkufw,f? tvkyfrvkyfcsifbl;? awGYorSs vlawGukd
tukefvdrfw,f/ aemufqHk; rl;,pfaq;oHk;w,f? olYudk uRefawmfwdkY trsdK;rsdK;
ajymif;vJzkdYMudK;pm;w,f? r&bl;/ aq;xkd;ydkduf a0iSoHk;&muae ath'fpfa&m*g
&rSmpdk;vdkY uRefawmf olYudk trsdK;rsdK; azsmif;zsynmay;w,f? wm;w,f? qlw,f?
aq;jzwfzkdY aq;&Hkwufcdkif;w,f? tcef;xJrSm avSmifydwf xm;Munfhw,f? vkdtyfwJh
tcsdefrSm aq;uk...r&cJhygbl;/ olY&JYTransition Periodymm MumvGef;awmh
uRefawmfpdwfr&Snfedkifatmif jzpfcJhrdwmaygh}
]uRefawmhfnDu rl;,pfaq;udk pGJ&Hkrubl;? tvdrftnmtusifhudkvJ

pGJw,f? 'DtusifhawGudk olrajymif;csifbl;? rajymif;csifwJhol ESpfoufpGJvrf;aewJh
oludk ajymif;csifvmatmif tcsdefay; qGJaqmifpnf;&Hk;zkdYrMudK;pm;yJ uRefawmfu
olYudk ZGwfajymif;zdkYvkyfcJhwm? tJ'D prf;oyfyGJrSm uRefawmf tMuD;tus,f &SHkK;cJh&wm
ygyJ}
]tck ol...b,frSmvJ}
]axmifxJrSm}
]tdk...}
pmrsufESm (193)
]ol axmifruscif vydkif;avmufu vlusihf0wfudk csdK;azmufjyD; uRefawmf

olYudk ZGwf aoG;ppfMunfhcJhw,f/ HIV ydk; &Sdr&Sd odcsifvdkYyg/ tajz&awmh uRefawmf
t&rf;0rf;omoGm;cJhw,f? HIV ydk; olYaoG;aMumxJrSm r&Sdao;bl;?
tcsdefrDao;w,f? olYb0udk u,fwifzkdY tcsdefrSDao;w,fqdkjyD; tdrfxJrSm
avSmifydwfjyD; aq;ukay;vdkufwm? uRefawmftvpfrSm tdrfu xGufajy;oGm;wm
ygyJ/ tdrfu xGufoGm;vdkY ESpf&uftMumrSm oltzrf;cH&wmyJ? tckqdk
olaxmifuswm oHk;ESpfawmif &SdjyD/ tck olYrSm tdyfcsftdkifADydk; ul;pufaejyDvm;?
olb,fvdktouf&SifaeovJ uGSefawmfrodawmhygbl;? azazu olY emrnfudk
tdrfrSm pum;xJawmif xnfhrajym&bl;vdkY trdefYxkwfxm;vdkY araru axmif0ifpm
oGm;awGYjyD; odvmwJhtawGYtMuHKudk ar;&ifawmif om;trdESpfa,muf tjyifrSm
csdef;jyD; pum;ajym&wJhtxdyJ}
]uRefr...pdwfraumif;ygbl;}
ararhtoHrSm tenf;i,f wGefYqkwfaeonf/ 'DtaMumif;awG upfupf

wpfcgrS rajymbJ aeedkifcJhonf/ upfupfudk ol oem;oGm;ygonf/
]tEÅ&m,fMuD;wJh trltusifhwpfckudk tEÅ&m,fMuD;ygvm;vdkY um,uH&Sif

odoGm;atmif ajymjywmu rcufygbl;/ od&HkodzkdYu vG,fygw,f/ odjyD;awmh
ajymif;vJzkdYu cufwm/ odwmeJYajymif;vJwmMum;rSm tvGefta&;MuD;wJh
tqifhESpfqifhudk jzwfausmf&r,f/ tJ'guawmh vufcHwJhpdwftqifh&,f?
ajymif;vJcsifpdwf ay:vmwJh pdwftqifh&,fyJ/ tJ'D tqifhESpfqifhymm
vlYtzGJYtpnf;awGeJY csDjyD; vlxkudk trltusifhajymif;zkdY MudK;pm;w,f?
pmrsufESm (194)
atmifjrifwmawG &Sdw,f? 'gayrJh uRefawmf us&SHK;cJhwmudkawmh b,folYrS

xnfhrajym0Hhbl;}
olonf þpum;rsm;ud em;axmifae&wm vdyfjymroefYovdk cHpm;&\/

aea&mifcefY onf ararhudkyJ ajymjyaecJhjcif; jzpfonf/ olYudk ajymaecJhwm r[kwf/
olem;axmifzdkY oifhrS oifhyghrvm;/ odkYaomf vGefoGm;cJhygjyD/
]'Dpum;awGudk uRefawmf tpfrudk yxrqHk; ajymrdwmyJ? bmjzpfvdkY

ajymrdvJ rodbl;}
]bmjzpfvdkYajymovJqdkawmh uRefrwdkYvdk MuD;MuD;us,fus,f ajcvSrf;usJ

wwfwJh vlrdsK;awGymm trSwfwrJheJYajcacsmfus&if olrsm;xuf ydkjyD; euf&SdKif;wJh
acsmufxJ uswwfw,fvdkYuRefrudk owday;csifvdkYaygh}
ararhtoHrSm &efvdkrIrygawmhyg/ &if;ESD;cifrifymefudk od'¨d

cHpm;vdkuf&onf/
]ymm...tJvdk r[kwfygbl;? tpfr&,f}
]tJ'DvdkvdkYuRefr cHpm;vdkuf&w,f? arSsmifvifhedkifwm wpfcku uRefrwdkY

ESpfa,mufvHk; aemufrusavmufao;ygbl;}
]uRefawmf&xm;wJh ynmt&nftcsif;awGymm nDwpfa,mufudkawmif

tEÅ&m,fxJuae qGJrxkwfekdifbl; qdkwm uRefawmfhtwGufawmh &Sufp&maumif;wJh
t&IH;wpfckygyJ/ tpfr&JU om; tdrfuxGufoGm;wmymm ymmowpfckjzpfrSm trSefyJ/
pmrsufESm (195)
'gayrJh tJ'Dymmoymm uRefawmfh tjzpfavmufawmh rajymifajrmufao;bl;?

uRefawmfhrSmu nDwpfa,mufvHk; axmifxJ a&mufaecJhjyD}
tcef;xJrSm cPwdwfqdwfoGm;onf/ puúefYawmfawmfrsm;rsm; MumjyD;rS

aea&mifcefY\ toHudk Mum;&onf/
]uJ...tpfr? tpfrom;udk tdrfjyefa&mufatmif uRefawmfu

ulnDay;ekdifr,fvdkY xifaeao;&JUvm;}
]'Da&mufvmwkef;u rxifcJhygbl;? tckawmh uRefrxifoGm;jyD?

uRefrom;av; tdrfjyefa&mufvmzdkYwpfa,mufa,mufu ulnDay;ekdifw,f qdk&if
tJ'Dwpfa,mufu ukdaea&mifu vGJvdkYb,folrS rjzpfekdifbl;}
]aumif;ygjyD? uRefawmf tpfrudk ulnDay;edkifwJhol wu,fjzpfcsifygw,f

tpfr&,f}
od'¨donf vufywfem&Dukd wpfcsufMunfhvdkufonf/ 5em&Dxkd;cgeD;aejyD/

tckxd 'DyghtaMumif; wpfcGef;rS rar;& rajym&ao;yg/ 'DaeYESifhawmh jyD;rSm
r[kwfbl;[k olwGufqonf/ ol aemufxyfwpfywf xyfrapmifhcsifawmhyg/
]uRefawmftpfrukd ar;csifwmu csmwddwf&JYzcifudpöyg? od'¨duajymawmh

olYzcif aooGm;jyDvdkYajymw,f? tJ'g trSefyJvm;}
ar;cGef;u wpfrsdK;MuD;yJrkdYolY&ifxJrSm wif;usyfpGm ylavmifoGm;ygonf/

arar\ pum;oHudk olrMum;&/ od'¨drMum;oifh rMum;tyfaom pum;awGudk
arar ajymawmhrSmvm;/ tJvdk tjzpfrsdK; olwdkYrSm r&SdcJh[k olxifygonf/
pmrsufESm (196)
]'Dvdkyg tpfr&JU? uRefawmf ar;wmudk txifrvGJygeJY? uRefawmfu

tpfr&JYudk,fa&; udk,fwmudk pyfpkcsifwJh pdwfeJYr[kwfbl;? csmwdwfcHpm;rIudk
tuJcwfMunfhcsifvdkYyg? wu,fvdkY...}
olYpum;udk araru jzwfajymonf/
]uRefr em;vnfygw,f]
]wu,fvdkYtpfru om;awGudk zcifeJY ywfoufwm wpfckckudk i,fao;vdkY

rajymao;bJ zHk;uG,fxm;cJh&if rawmfwq olwdkY odoGm;wJhtcsdefymm olwdkY
vufcHzdkY tqifoifh rjzpfao;csdefqdk&if uarmufurawG jzpfoGm;wwfvGef;vdkYyg}
]tdk em;vnfygw,fqdk? txifrvGJygbl;? tjyifrSm om;&SdaevdkY

pOf;pm;aewmyg}
pdwfwdkwwfaom aumifrav;wpfa,mufvdk arar cyfqwfqwf

ajymvdkufygonf/ od'¨donf &ifw'dwf'dwf ckefvmjyD; xkdif&mrS zswfceJ
x&yfvdkufrdonf/ qufae&rSmvm; xGufoGm;vdkuf&rvm;.../
ararhrSm olwdkYudk zHk;uG,fxm;wJht&m bmrSr&Sdbl;[k ol,Hkygonf/

odkYaomf...olonf tem;rS xGufoGm;oifhonf[k xifvm\/ oGm;vnf; roGm;csif/
tazESifhywfowfí arar bmawG ajymrvJ[k odcsifaeonf/ em;raxmifoifhbl;
[kvnf; odaeonf/
pmrsufESm (197)
aemufqHk;awmh olonf ausmydk;tdwfudk aumufvG,fum w'dwf'dwf

jrefqefpGm xkESufaeaom ESvHk;udk vufESpfzuf ydkufvsuf wif;wif;zd&if;
þtoHrsm;ESifh a0;&modkY xGufvmcJhygonf/
&Hk;taqmufttHk avSum;rS ararESifh aea&mifcefYqif;vmawmh nae

5em&D 15rdepf &SdaejyD/ um;uufqufrS Westlife zGifh&if; od'¨donf tdwfaqmif
tbd"mefav;udk xkwfí zGifhzwfaecsdefjzpfonf/
araronf aea&mifcefYxuf av;vufravmuf edrfhekdifygonf/ odkYaomf

cGmjrihfzdeyf pD;xm;ojzifh t&yfcsif; odyfruGmovdk xif&onf/ araronf
onfuaeYydkí i,faeovdkyJ/ um;qDodkYavSsmufvm&if; jyHK;&,fpGm pum;ajym
vmaom olwdkYESpfa,mufonf &SdK;wdk;&SufwefYtrlt&m r&Sd/ umvawmfawmf
Mumatmif &if;ESD;cJhjyD;om; rdwfaqGESpfa,mufvdk.../
]om; aemufcef;rSm xdkifvkdufaemf? arar om;udk ajreDukef;vdkufydkYay;jyD;&if

udkaea&mifcefY udk tdrfvdkufydkYrvdkY}
]uRefawmf aemufrSm xkdifvdkufr,fav tpfr}
]&ygw,f? aemufrSm om;xdkifygvdrfhr,f}
od'¨donf vufudkifbD;aemufrS cGmum um;wHcg;zGifhqif;vdkufygonf/

ararhrsufESmudk tuJcwfawmh yHkrSefyJ/ bmrS rxl;jcm;/ tazhtaMumif; wpfckck
xl;jcm;wmajym&if; cHpm;cJh&aom rsufESmrsdK; r[kwfyg/
]om; armif;&rvm; arar}
pmrsufESm (198)
]&ygw,f om;? araryJ armif;vdkufyghr,f}
&w,fqdkvnf; jyD;a&maygh/ ol aemufxyf bmrS rajymawmhbJ

aemufcef;rSm 0ifxdkifvdkufygonf/
]tpfudkYum;u bmjzpfvdkYvJ}
rar;awmhygbl;[k atmifhtnf;xm;vsufu aea&mifcefYudk ar;rdygonf/

aea&mifcefYu ararhab;rSm xdkifae&mu od'¨dbufodkYaemufjyefvSnfhum jyHK;onf/
]uRefawmfhum; r[kwfbl;As...azazhum;? uRefawmfu tdrfrSm um;udk

roHk;oavmufygyJ? &Hk;wuf&Hk;qif;udk &Hk;u um;eJYtMudKtydkYvkyfay;wmqdkawmh
um;rvdkbl;av? tckvdk pae we*FaEGawmhvJ azazoGm;p&mr&SdrS um;,lw,f?
trsm;tm;jzifhawmh wuúpDyJ tm;udk;&ygw,f}
od'¨dtm; vlMuD;wpfa,mufudk &Sif;jyovdk &Sif;jyae\/
araronf od'¨dzGifhxm;aom Westlifeudkydwfypfvkdufonf/
&Hk;qif;csdefjzpfojzifh Aymdkvrf;ray:rSm um;awG xlxyfaeonf/

jrdKYxJvrf;awGavmuf um;r&IyfaxG;ayr,fh jrefjrefawmh armif;vdkYr&yg/
]jynfvrf;ay:udk wufzkdYb,fvrf;aMumu tjrefqHk; jzpfr,f xifvJymif}
araru tJonfvdkygyJ/ olYab;rSm olESifhtwl wpfa,mufa,mufygvSsif

tJonfvludk vrf;aMumpOf;pm;cdkif;jyD; olu a&omcdkwwfonf/ tckvnf;
aea&mifcefYudk vSnfhar;aejyef\/
pmrsufESm (199)
]tvHkvrf;buf jyefauGYjyD; tJ'Duae wufygvm;}
]tdkau...}
jynfvrf;ay:a&mufonftxd ararESifhaea&mifcefYonf AIDSa&m*g

udef;*Pef;rsm; taMumif; pdwf0ifwpm; ajymaeMuonf/
tvHkvrf;ESifh jynfvrf; rD;yGdKifha&mufawmh rD;eDrdaeojzifh cPapmifh&onf/
xkdtcsdefrSmygyJ/ jynfvrf;ay:rS t&Sdefjyif;pGm armif;oGm;aom bwfpfum;

rsm;udk ararwpfcsuf rsufpdu a&mufoGm;jyD; tvefYwMum; xatmfvdkufygonf/
]om;...'Dyg}
&kwfw&uf od'¨dbmrS em;rvnfvdkuf/ bmudkrSvnf; rjrifvdkufyg/
]om;...ymdkif;vyfum;ay:rSm 'Dyg...'Dyg}
araronf pdwfvIyf&Sm;ylyefpGm atmfae\/ olwkdYum;onf b,fbuf

csdK;auGYrnfh ,mOfaMumrSm &Sdaejcif; jzpfjyD; arar auGYcsifonfu nmbuf
jzpfoGm;onf/
]bk&m;a&...uRefr nmbufauGYrS jzpfr,f? om;ukd vdkufrS jzpfr,f} [k

atmfavonf/
rD;pdrf;oGm;onf/ nmbufrSm um;awG armif;ukefjyD/ araru

vrf;v,fodkYra&TYao;/ aemufuum;u [Gef;wD;onf/
pmrsufESm (200)
]rr...owdxm;av? tcktcsdefrSm rrajymif;vdkYr&bl;? b,fcsdK;zkdYvkyfawmh?

tJ'Dum;udk rDatmifvdkufvdkY&w,f? rr...csdK;}
araronf b,fodkYcsdK;vsuf jynfvrf;xJodkY0ifvdkuf&avonf/
]om;...tJ'Dum;u bma&mifvJ rSwfrdvm;}
ol &ifw'dwf'dwf ckefvsuf acgif;,rff;onf/
]rjrifvkdufbl; arar}
]teDa&mif...teDa&mif? teDa&mif [dkif;vyfvdkif;um;}
ararhtoHawG wkefae\/
]bk&m;...bk&m;? om;udk rDrS rDyghrvm;}
]aocsm&JYvm;arar...'Dyg ygoGm;wm aocsm&JYvm;}
]aocsmw,f...aocsmw,f? tck tJ'Dum;udk rDatmif b,fbufvrf;u

vdkuf&if jrefrvJ}
]b,fvrf;aMumif; ,lxm;? a&SYu uRef;tjywfus&if [dkbufjyefr,f} [k

aea&mifcefYu ajymonf/
okdYaomf vrf;wpfzufodkYjyefauGY0ifekdifrnfh uRef;tjywfudk awmfawmfESifh

rawGY&yg/ vTwfawmfa&SYusrS uRef;r&Sdawmhonfh vrf;rus,f jzpfoGm;onf/
pmrsufESm (201)
odkYaomf b,fbufcsdK;jyD; jyefauGYzdkYwpfzufu um;awG t&Sif;udk apmifh&jyefonf/

enf;enf;av; ymoGm;&HkESifh arar r0if&Jjyefyg/
]rr aemufbufoGm;? uRefawmfarmif;vdkufr,f}
]jzpfyghrvm;? 'Dem;rSm uRefrwdkYtqif;twuf...}
]jzpfw,f}
od'¨donf b,fbufodkYwdk;xdkifay;&if; ararhtwGuf wHcg;[

ay;vdkuf&onf/
]arar...jrefjref}
arar vSpfceJ a&mufvmonf/ od'¨d\udk,fay:odkY,dkifoGm;atmifyif

0ifxkdifvdkufavonf/ ararhvufzsm;awGudk qkyfudkifrdawmh at;pufwkef&D
aecJhonf/
]om; 'Dyg...rDatmif vdkufay;yg udkaea&mif&,f...yvdpf}
ararhtoHawG wkefvsuf aqGYaqGYckefaeonf/
aea&mifcefYonf qHk;jzwfwm jrefqef\/ auGY&rnfh ,mOfaMumrSm

um;tjywfudk apmifh&if; enf;enf;av; jcm;oGm;onfESifh vsifjrefpGm
auGY0ifypfvdkufavonf/ vmaeaom um;onf toHus,favmifpGm
b&dwftkwfvdkuf &onf/ od'¨d rsufvHk;awG jyma0oGm;onf/ wdkufjyD[k
xifvdkuf\/ odkYaomf rwkdufrdyg/ aea&mifcefYu vufjyawmif;yefum
pmrsufESm (202)
ZGwf0ifvmcJhonf/ qJoH qloHawmh rMum;&/ ymGef;oHawmh em;rcHomatmif

Mum;vkduf&ygonf/
]rr..teDa&mif [kwfw,faemf? bmeHygwfvJ jrifvdkufvm;}
][kwfygw,f...[kwfygw,f? rDatmif vdkufay;yg? eHygwfawmh rodbl;}
]rDrSyg tpfr&JY? rSwfwdkifrSm vlwifcsOD;rSmyg}
]awmfawmfvGefaecJhjyD ukdaea&mif&JY}
od'¨dwdkYum;av;onf awGYorSs um;udk tukefausmfwufvsuf

rD;yGdKifhESpfckudk rD;0gawG vGwfatmif jzwfvmcJhonf/ odkYaomf ararajymaom
teDa&mif ymdkif;vyfum;udk rjrif&yg/
]om;...um;awGudk Munfhxm;? aemufbufajceif;cHkrSm wG,fpD;aewJh

olawGukd Munfhxm;}
ymif...r[kwfao;ygbl;/ 'Dygonf bwfpfum;awmif odyfrpD;&Jwm?

ajceif;cHkay:rSm wG,fpD;zkdYqdkwm jzpfedkifyghrvm;/ od'¨dyifvSsif xdkae&mrSm
wG,frpD;&Jay/ &uf 20twGif; ol tJ'Davmuf wkd;wufyghrvm;/
ekdifiHjcm;a&;0efMuD;&Hk;? pGrf;tif0efMuD;&Hk;wdkYudk ausmfvmonfhwkdif 48

vdkif;um; tjzLa&mifwpfpD;udkyJ ausmfcJhonf/
]om;a&... ymdkum;udk MunfhygOD;}
pmrsufESm (203)
um;aemufwGif vloHk;a,mufwG,aejyD; wpfa,mufrS 'Dyg r[kwfyg/

aemufjyD; ararajymonfh teDa&mifrS r[kwfbJ/
]rygbl; arar}
AdkvfcsKyfvrf;rD;yGdKifhrSm rD;eDrdvdkYtMumMuD;apmifhae&awmh arar

vufoD;uspfaeatmif qkyfxm;onf/ od'¨donf ararhvufoD;udk olvufjzifh
axG;qkyfxm;vdkuf&\/ rD;yGdKifh pdrf;awmh arar pdwfavmaeonf/
odkYaomf 'Dyghudk jrifvkduf&onfqdkaom teDa&mif ymdkif;vyfum;udk

rawGY&/ aea&mifcefY onf rymmAE¨Kvvrf;wavSsmuftxd bwfpfum;vrf;aMum
twdkif; pdwf&Snfvuf&Snf armif;ay;ygonf/ ymdkif;vyfvdkif;um;udk awGYwkdif;
aemufrSvdkufum armif;ay;onf/ 'Dyghudk vHk;0 rawGY&yg/
]teDa&mif r[kwfbJ t0ga&mif jzpfrSmyg arar? ymdkum;rsdK; r[kwfvm;}
araronf od'¨dMunfh&modkY tm;wufoa&m Munfh\/ 'Dyghudk

rawGY&aomtcg arar nTwfacGusoGm;onf/
]om;udk jrifvkdufw,f...uRefr jrifvkduf&w,f? om;u uRefrum;udk

jrifvkdufvdkYrSwfwdkif wpfckckrSm qif;oGm;wmyJ jzpf&r,f}
araronf rsufESmudk vuf0g;ESifhtkyfum wqwfqwf

wkef,ifaeygonf/
pmrsufESm (204)
]r[kwfbl;? rrjrifvkdufwm 'Dyg[kwfrSm r[kwfygbl;? 'Dyg 'DjrdKYrSm

r&Sdekdifygbl; rr&JY}
]&Sif b,fvdkvkyfodrvJ}
araru vufudkrsufESmrS z,fvsuf aea&mifcefYtm; atmfavonf/
]arar...}
]rr...pdwfpGJaewJh tcsdefrSm zswfceJ jrifvdkuf&wJh yHk&dyfwpfckymm...}
]ymifhtif;? &Sifrodygbl;? &SifbmrS rodygbl;/ tJ'g...'Dygyg}
od'¨donf ararhtm; ycHk;udk MuifempGm zufayGYvdkufrd\/
]pdwfrylygeJYarar? 'Dyghudk om;wkdY&atmif jyef&Smay;yghr,f}
arar od'¨dtm; rSDwG,fvsuf &SdKufidkvdkufaomtcg aea&mifcefYu

um;wGif; aemufMunfhrSef rSwpfqifh ai;pdkufMunfhaecJhygonf/
pmrsufESm (205)
(16)
ESpfq,fhav;&ufajrmufaeY....n/
igoGm;cJhjyD;awmh
aemufxyf jyefrvmedkifawmhr,fh
aysmf&TifwJh ta0;ajy;vrf;rawGyg/
(A.E.Housman)
tcef;onf t0geka&mif cef;qD;txljzifh ydwfumxm;aomaMumifh tjyifu

tvif;a&mif odyfr&edkif/ wHcg;tm;vHk; ydwfxm;jyD; avat;pufwyfxm;aom
tcef;jzpfonf/ avonf at;jrvwfqwf&HkrSsru arT;ysHYae\/
]xdkif...od'¨d? av;xyfudk wufvm&wm awmfawmf armoGm;vm;?

bmtat;aomufrvJ}
ol toufjyif;jyif;&SLae&wmuawmh trSefyJ/ odkYaomf ol rarmvSyg/

qkdzmay:xkdifcsjyD; ausmrSDvdkuf&Hkjzifh aeom;wusjzpfoGm;ygonf/
]udpör&Sdygbl; tpfudk? uRefawmf pmoGm;oifwJh ausmif;om;wpfa,muf

tdrfu ydkjrifhao;w,f? ckepfxyfrSmav}
]tat;aomufr,f r[kwfvm;? ukwfcf&Sdw,f}
pmrsufESm (206)
aea&mifcefYu aemufbuftcef;xJodkYoGm;&ef ymefjyifaeonf/
]tm... a&yJ aomufr,fAs}
aea&mifcefYtxJ0ifoGm;onffhtcg olonf {nfhcef;rSm wdwfqdwfpGm

xdkif&if; ymdkymdkonfonf Munfhrdonf/ tndKekESifh yef;eka&mif tyGifh'DZdkif;
csnfom;jzifh cif;xm;aom qdkzmrsm;onf tdtdrGrGESifh xd&wm at;pufae\/
{nfhcef;rSm txl;jcm;qHk;u &kyfjrifoHMum;ESifh AD'D,dkjypuf r&Sdjcif;yJ/ xkdYaMumifh
{nfhcef;onf &Sif;aeonf/ tcef;t0if acgif;&if;eH&HrSm pmtkyfAD&dk jrifhjrifhwpfvHk;
&Sdonf/ tcef;axmifhu pifjrifhjrifhao;ao;ay:rSm w,fvDzkef;ESpfck &Sdonf/
aemufjyD; wpfckck vdkaeao;ovdkyJ/ bmrSef;awmh rod/ qdkzmajcmufckrSm oHk;ckpD
ab;csif;,SOfí rsufESmcsif;qdkifxm;jyD; tv,frSm pm;yGJedrfhedrfhwpfvHk;xm;onf/
pm;yGJay:rSm pmtkyfawG yHkvsufom;/ pm;yGJatmufxyf ysOfwef;rSmawmh owif;pm
txyfrsm;ESifh wdkif;rfpfESifh e,l;pf0dcf r*¾Zif;rsm; xyfxm;wm jrif&onf/
aea&mifcefY jyef0ifvmaomtcg a&zefcGufwpfvHk;ESifh udkumudkvm

azmufjyD;om; oHbl;wpfbl;udk vifyef;xJ xnfh,lvmonf/ xkdvifyef;udk ol
pm;yGJay:csjyD;rS od'¨dtm; a&zefcGufudk urf;ay;\/ od'¨d,ljyD; wpfcsDwnf;ESifh
tukefarmhaomuf vdkufonf/
]tdrfjyefa&mufrS xrif;pm;&rSmaygh [kwfvm;}
][kwf...'gayrJh uRefawmf tdrfu rxGufcifu udwfrkefYwpfck pm;xm;cJh

ygw,f? odyfrqmbl;}
pmrsufESm (207)
aea&mifcefYu od'¨dESifh rsufESmcsif;qdkifrSm 0ifxkdif\/
]uRefawmfvnf; jyefa&mufwm rMumao;vdkYrpm;&ao;bl;? pm;oGm;rvm;

uRefawmf ararhudk npmpDpOfcdkif;vdkufr,fav}
ol wtHhwMo jzpfoGm;\/ aea&mifcefYonf upfupftpfudkyJ jzpfjzpf?

bmyJjzpfjzpf olESifh awGYqHk&onfrSm tckrS oHk;av;MudrfyJ &Sdao;onf/
onftdrfudkvnf; ol tckrS yxrqHk; a&mufzl;jcif; jzpfonf/ onfavmufxd
olwdkY r&if;ESD;ao;yg/
]rpm;awmhbl; tpfudk? tdrfusrSyJ pm;awmhr,f? uRefawmf rqmygbl;}
xdkYaemuf tdrfonf wdwfqdwfvScsnfvm;[k ol tHhMopGm

wpfzufcef;qDodkY Munfhrd\/ rdbawGa&m? upfupfa&m...bmoHrS rMum;&/
]upfupfu 'DtxyfrSm raebl;As? atmufu tcef;rSm azazwdkYeJYtwl

aew,f? 'Dtxyfu uRefawmfwpfa,mufwnf;}
þvlonf rsufESm&dyfrsufESmuJ awmfawmfzwfwwfyHk &\/ ol a,mifee

jyHK;rdoGm;onf/
]upfupf EIwfqufcsif&if...}
]ymm...r[kwfbl;} rsufESm aEG;ceJ yloGm;\/
pmrsufESm (208)
]uRefawmfwkdYpum;ajymjyD; tjyefrSm atmufcef;udk oGm;wmaygh? r[kwf&if

'Daumifrav;u 0if0if&IyfaewmeJY at;at;aq;aq; pum;ajymcsdef &rSm
r[kwfbl;}
]ymm...rawGUygbl; tpfudk? uRefawmfwdkY}
ol bmajym&rSef; rod/ cyfymufymuf wpfcsuf &,frdonf/
]uRefawmfwdkY zkef;eJY cPcP EIwfqufjzpfMuygw,f}
aea&mifcefYu jyHK;aeaomtcg ol þpum; rajymoifhbl;[k aemifw&

oGm;um rsufvTmcsvdkufrd\/
]'DvdkAsm... 'Dyg pmzwfwJhtaMumif; r*¾Zif; *sme,f zwfwJhtaMumif;

uRefawmf awG;rdvdkYyg}
]zwfygw,f? r*¾Zif;vJ tenf;tyg;yJ? *sme,fvJ tenf;tyg;yJ}
]ol zwfaeus *sme,fymm Music vdkYcifAsm;tajzxJrSm ygw,faemf]
][kwfw,f? ol tJ'D*sme,fudk MudKufvdkY araru tywfpOf 0,fay;cJh

ygw,f}
]ol tywfpOf zwfovm;}
]zwfw,f xifw,f}
pmrsufESm (209)
aea&mifcefYonf pm;yGJatmuftxyfxJrS Music *sme,fwpfapmifudk

qGJxkwfjyD; pm;yGJay: jzefYMunfh\/ od'¨d vifyef;udk pm;yGJpGef;odkY tenf;i,f wdk;a&TY
ay;vdkuf&onf/
]ol aymm'D*sme,fudk tywfpOf zwfw,fqdk&if ol b,fu@udk

tpOfwpdkuf zwfvJ? cifAsm;odrvm;}
ol wpfcsufawGa0oGm;onf/
]uRefawmfhtxif Cross Word yaymVdu@udk pdwft0ifpm;qHk;vdkY

xifw,f? bmvdkYvJqdkawmh olu yaymVdajz&wmudk MudKufvdkYcPcPajzw,ff?
tajzudkvJ *sme,fwkdufudk vSrf;ydkYw,fAs? wpfcgwpfcg ol qk&w,fvkdY
uRefawmfhudk MuGm;w,f}
]aumif;w,f}
aea&mifcefYudk olpdwf0ifwpm; Munfhrd\/
aea&mifcefYonf tpdrf;ykwfa&mif wD&SyfyGyGudk 0wfxm;vdkYyJvm;rod/

awGYaeus vnfuwHk; &SyftusÐ'DZdkif;ESifhvdk wnfjidrfraebJ tenf;i,f
vIyf&Sm;oGufvuf aeonf [k olxifonf/ tjymazsmhazsmh *sif;abmif;bD
aMumifhvnf; jzpfedkifonf/ odkYr[kwf tdrfae&if; tenf;i,f zGmqefMuJaeaom
qHyifaMumifhvnf; jzpfekdifonf/ aocsmonfuawmh aea&mifcefYonf rdrdtm;
omreftrIonfxufykdí ta&;w,l *&kpdkufae\/ upfupfaMumifhvm;/ odkYr[kwf
ararhaMumifhvm;/
pmrsufESm (210)
]'gqdk uRefawmf tMuHwpfck ay;r,f/ cifAsm; Music *sme,f&JYaymm'D

ca&mhpf0g'fh tuGufeJYuyfvsuf wpfae&m&mrSm aMumfjimxnfh&r,f? 'Dygodatmif
aMumfjimwmvJjzpf? 'Dyghudk ab;vlawG owdxm;rdvmatmif aMumfjimwmvJ
jzpf&r,f]
]aMumfjim...}
aMumfjimqdkwm owif;pmaMumfjimvdk wpfvufr ESpfvufrao;ao;av;

r[kwfbl;? *sme,fpmrsufESm&JYav;yHkwpfyHkavmuf ae&m,ljyD; aMumfjimrSm}
aea&mifcefY\ pl;&SwufMuGaom rsuf0ef;eufeufrsm;onf zefacsmif;rD;

tvif;a&mif atmufrSm vufaeonf/ xkdrsuf0ef;rsm;onf vlwpfa,mufay:
MoZmoufa&mufedkifpGrf;&Sdonf/ ararhvdk acgif;rmonfh vlpm;yifvSsif
aea&mifcefYESifh awGYjyD;aemuf þolonf trSefwu,f ulnDedkifvdrfhrnf[k
arSsmfvifhvmcJh\/
aea&mifcefYudk olarmhMunfhrdawmh olYudk pdkufMunfhonfh rsufvHk;eufeuf

rsm;ESifh qHkrdonf/
]at;av...cifAsm; olYqD pma&;&r,f? trsm;MuD; a&;p&m rvdkbl;...

oHk;av;aMumif;yJ? xdxdrdrd pmaMumif; oHk;av;aMumif;yJ vdkw,f? cifAsm;
tajymcsifqHk; pum;awGudk olYudk ajym&r,f? uJ...tck cifAsm; pOf;pm;Munfh?
oleJYw,fvDzkef; ajymcGifh&jyDqdkygawmh? cifAsm; olYudk bmajymrvJ}
pmrsufESm (211)
olYudk bmajymrvJ? 'Dygudk od'¨d bmajymrvJ/ ol &kwfw&uf pOf;pm;r&bJ

aMumifoGm;onf/
]cifAsm; olYudk bmajymcsifovJ pOf;pm;av? bmowif;awG ay;csifvJ}
bmowif;awG ay;csifygvdrfh/ olonf xlxlylyljzifh acgif;xJrSm

bmpum;vHk;rS xGufrvmawmh/
]od'¨d...}
]uRefawmf olYudk owd&aewJhtaMumif; ajym&rvm;}
]tm;... tJ'guawmh xHk;pHr[kwfbl;xifw,f? 'gu yvDyvmudpö

jzpfoGm;jyD r[kwfvm;}
ol ajcmufuyfuyf &,fvdkufrdonf/
]ol tdrfu xGufoGm;wJhaemuf cifAsm;wkdYtdrfrSm jzpfaewJh udpörsdK;? ol

rodvkdufwJh udpörsdK;qdk&ifaum}
]tJ...owif;wpfckawmh wu,fajymp&m &Sdw,f tpfudk? olYpufbD;

acGaumufoGm;wm uRefawmf jyefjyifvdkufjyD;jyD? pufbD; jyefaumif;oGm;jyD? tJ'g...}
]tJ'grsdK;yJ}
aea&mifcefYu tm;wufpGm vufazsmufwpfcsuf wD;\/
pmrsufESm (212)
]uJ...pdwful;eJYa&;Munfh&atmif? olYudk cifAsm; b,fvdkac:vJ? nDav;vm;

... nDnDvm;}
]'DygvdkYyJ ac:w,f? tif;...'gayrJh pmxJqdkawmh nDav;vdkYa&;&if

aumif;r,faemf}
]tdkau? nDav; 'Dyg...aygh? acGaumufoGm;vdkYrif;ypfxm;wJh pufbD;av;udk

jyefjyifvdkufvdkY tckaumif;oGm;jyDaygh? a&;Munfhyg}
olonf rSwfpkpm&Gufuav;ay:rSm pmaMumif;wpfaMumif; csa&;

vdkufonf/ a&;jyD;om; pmaMumif;udk jyefzwfrdaomtcg olYnD\ &,farmoHudk
rMum;&wm MumvSjyD[k vGrf;qGwfwrf;woGm;onf/ tJonf&,farmoHukd
b,fawmhrsm;rS jyefMum;&yghrvJ/
]tJ'Dvdk taMumif;t&mrsdK;eJYol odapcsifwJh owif;uav;awG?

aemufwpfcku olYtay: pdwfylvdkYwpfckck rSmcsifwmrsdK;av;awG xnhfvdkY&wmyJ}
]uRefawmf tck olYudk pdwfylaewmuawmh ol uav;rS [kwfao;&JUvm;

qdkwmyJ? ol vlMuD;pdwf 0ifjyD; avSsmufvkyfaervm;}
olonf olqdkvdkcsifaom pum;udk wpfzufvlem;vnfyghrvm;[k

tuJcwf Munfhrdonf/
]ol vlysdKb0 ppfppfudkawmif ra&muf&ao;cif vlysdKuav; r[kwfawmh

rSmudk cifAsm; pdk;&drfaewmvm;}
pmrsufESm (213)
aea&mifcefY\ yGifhvif;aom ar;cGef;aMumifh ol tae&usyfoGm;jyD;

rsufESmvTJvsuf acgif;ndwfrdonf/
][kwfw,f? tJ'grsdK; rvkyfrdygapeJYvdkYuRefawmf qkawmif;w,f?

bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh olYudk uav;av; tjzpf jzLjzLpifpif jrifcsifaeao;wm&,f
.... ymdk....attdkif'DtufpfwdkY bmwdkYrul;apcsifwm&,f...}
aea&mifcefYolYtm; pdkufMunfhaeonf[k cHpm;ae&\/
]uav;tjzpf jzLjzLpifpif jrifcsifw,fqdkawmh ol rdef;uav;

wpfa,mufa,mufeJY jzpfysufoGm;cJh&if rjzLpifawmhbl;vdkY cifAsm; owfrSwfcsif
wmvm;}
ol rsufvTmcsum udk,fhvufacsmif;rsm; udk,fjyefjzefYMunfhaerdonf/
]uRefawmf qdkvdkwmu...[kwfw,f tpfudk? ol i,fao;w,f r[kwfvm;}
]b,ft&G,fqdk&if ri,fawmhbl;vJ? b,ft&G,fqdk&if jzpfysufoifhjyDvJ}

aea&mifcefYu cyfwnfwnfavoHjzifh ar;awmh olYrsufESm aEG;ylvmonf/
]uRefawmf rodbl; tpfudk? oluawmh i,fao;w,f}
xdkYaemuf ol aea&mifcefYtm; armhMunfhvdkufonf/
]tpfudka&m b,fvdkxifovJ? b,ft&G,fqdk&if ri,fawmhbl;vJ}
aea&mifcefYu jyHK;onf/
pmrsufESm (214)
]'guawmh wpfa,mufeJY wpfa,muf tjrifcsif; rwledkifbl;aygh?

aq;ynmrSm rdef;uav;awGudkawmh udk,f0efaqmif om;arG;zdkYtoifhawmfqHk;
tEÅ&m,ftuif;qHk;umvudk touf 18 ESpfeJY24ESpf Mum;rSm owfrSwfxm;w,fvdkY
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aea&mifcefYu toHxGuf &,farmonf/
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a&cJaowåmxJrSm pm;p&m toD;wpfckck usefOD;r,f xifw,f}
&kwfw&uf xxGufoGm;avonf/
olonf wu,fudk qmavmifaejyDrdkY azmufxm;onfh udkumudkvmudk

zefcGufxJ xnfhjyD; aomufcsvdkufonf/ xkdYaemuf zefcGufudk vufrSm
udkifxm;vsufu pmtkyfAD&dk&Sd&modkY avSsmufoGm;Munfhrdonf/
t"du trsm;qHk;pmtkyfrSm pdwfynmqdkif&m pmtkyfrsm; jzpfonf/

Psychology pmtkyfawG? Analytical Psychology awG? aemufjyD; aq;pdwfynm
Psychiatry pmtkyfawG.../ aemufxyf trsm;qHk;awGY&onfrSm HIV/AIDS qdkif&m
pmtkyfrsm; jzpfonf/ ysif;p&mMuD;awGaygh/ 0w¬Kpmtkyfrsm;udkvnf; awGY&\/
trsm;tm;jzifhawmh Short Stories ESifh Essays pmaygif;csKyfrsm; jzpfonf/
pma&;q&m emrnfawGu ol rMum;zl;onfh emrnfawG jzpfonf/ xkdol zwfaom
pmrsufESm (215)
pmtkyfawGrS wpfqifh vlwpfa,mufudk odedkifonfqdkvSsifawmif ol aea&mifcefYudk

rodekdifyg/
udkumudkvm wpfbl;aomufjyD;oGm;onftxd aea&mifcefYjyefrvmao;/

pmtkyfpiftay:u eH&HrSm wdkifuyfem&DwpfvHk; csdwfxm;onf/ em&Donf 8em&D
45rdepf jyaejyD/ ararrsm; pdwfylaejyDvm;/ 8em&D 15rdepfqdk tdrfa&mufaeusrdkY
arar pdwfylaea&maygh/
pmtkyfAD&dkxJrSm pmtkyfawGonf pDpD&D&D aeom;wus/ pifuav;ay:u

ypönf;awGvnf; aoaooyfoyf/
a,musfm;wpfa,mufwnf; aeonfhtcef;ymm onfrSs oyf&yfoefY&Sif;aezdkY

rvkdtyfygbl;[k ol awG;onf/ olYckwifESifh pmMunfhpm;yGJrSm? AD&dkxJrSm &IyfyG
aewwfonf/ arar rMumcP rmefrJwdkif; araruvJAsm a,musfm;av;yJ...
'Davmufawmh &IyfrSmaygh[k qifajcay;wwfol/ ,cktcg oefY&Sif;oyf&yfvSaom
{nfhcef;xJwGif tae& txkdif& cufae\/
]yef;oD;ESpfvHk;awmh awGYw,fAs}
olYtem;rSm uyfjyD;ajymvdkufonfh cyfwdk;wdk; pum;oHaMumifh ol

wkefoGm;onf/ aea&mifcefYonf yef;oD;ESpfvHk;udk vufxJrSm udkifxm;jyD;
olYaemufrSm &yfaecJhjcif; jzpfonf/
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]ymm...aeygap tpfudk}
pmrsufESm (216)
]pm;yg}
olYvufxJodkYyef;oD;wpfvHk; xdk;ay;&if; aea&mifcefY udk,fwkdifu

olYyef;oD;udk tm;&yg;& wpfudkuf udkufpm;vdkufonf/ yef;oD;eDeD&J&JrSmvnf;
a&pufvuf? olYvufzseftem;awGrSmvnf; a&pdkaeonf/ jzL0if;aom vufzsefrSm
a&pdkaeaomaMumifh arG;nif;rsm;onf tndKa&mif&ifhae\/ od'¨dvufumí
wm;vdkufonf/
]'gqdk uRefawmf vufoGm;aq;vdkufOD;r,faemf}
]oGm; oGm;...wnfhwnfhtwkdif;om aemufbufxd avSsmufoGm;? rSm;p&m

r&Sdygbl;}
olonf pMuFYus,ftwdkif; aemufbufodkYcyfjznf;jznf;avSsmufvmcJhonf/

pMuFY wpfavSSsmuf ab;u tkwfeH&HwGif yef;csDum;tcsdKYcsdwfqGJxm;jyd; pMuFYwpfckvHk;
zefacsmif;rD;a&mifjzifh vif;xdefaecJh&m yef;csDum;awGukd oJoJuGJuGJ jrif&\/
odkYaomf od'¨donf yef;csDudk "mwfyHkESifh cGJjcm;edkif&Hkavmufom odol jzpfonf/
olonf tcef;ab;rS jzwf&if; wHcg;zGifhxm;aom tcef;us,fMuD;xJodkYrodrom
vSrf;MunfhcJhonf/
wdkiftauG;awG vdrfzGJYí vSyaom ckwifudk vSsyfwpfjyuf jrifvkduf&onf/

rD;cdk;ESifh yef;a&mif a&mpyfxm;onfh yef;yGifhusJusJ'DZdkif; tdyf&mzHk; cif;xm;aom
arGY&monf od'¨dwdkY nDtpfudk\arGY&mawGxuf us,fonf/ ckwifajc&if;qDrSm
pmtkyfpifMuD;MuD;wpfckESifh ,SOfaeaom uRef;om;t0wfAD&dkwpfckvnf; jrifvkduf
pmrsufESm (217)
&onf/ aea&mifcefYonf emrnfESifh vdkufatmif crf;em;cefYxnfpGm aeolyJ[k

rSwfcsufcsvdkuf\/
od'¨donf ycHk; tomwGefYvdkufjyD; rD;zdkcef;buf xGufvdkufonf/

rD;zdkcef;onf od'¨dwdkYhtdrfu rD;zdkcef;avmuf rus,fayr,fh ypönf;enf;ojzifh
&Sif;vif;aeonf/ vufaq;aMuGyef;uefwGif vufaq;rnfjyKjyD;rS tdrfom
t&if0ifOD;rnf[k pdwfajymif;oGm;onf/
tdrfomxJ 0ifvdkufaomtcg oltvGef thHMooGm;avonf/
tdrfomcef;onf oefY&Sif;awmufyum arT;&eHYyif &aeonf/
atmufcHaMuGjym;awGuvnf; a&wpfpufrSs r&Sd ta&mifvufae\/

xdkiftdrfomaMuGcGufrSm tzHk;zHk; xm;onf/ 0if0ifcsif;u vufaq;aMuGuefESifh
eH&HuyfMunfhrSef/ ol tdrfom aMuGcGuftzHk;udk zGifhum pyfpkcsifpdwf oufoufjzifh
odyfroGm;csifbJ qD;oGm;vdkuf\/ xkdY aemuf cvkwfqGJcsjyD; a&aq;vdkufonf/
jyD;awmh tzHk;udk jyefzHk;vdkuf\/ tzHk;zHk;&if;rS ajc&if; eH&Haxmifhu pmtkyfpifuav;
wpfckudk jrifoGm;onf/ tdrfomxJrSm pmtkyfpif xm;w,fqdkawmh b,fvdk
pmtkyfrsdK;awG ygvdrfh[k olpyfpkcsifoGm;\/ xkdYaMumifh pmtkyfpifa&SY rSm
aqmifhaMumifhxdkifjyD; pmtkyfawGudk ,lMunfhonf/
tay:wef;u pmtkyfawGu *sme,fawG r*¾Zif;awG jzpf\/ Vanity Fair

pmtkyfrsm;udkawmh tar&duef pifwmrSm olcPcP vSefavSmzl;onf/
emrnfMuD;o&kyfaqmifrsm;\ yHkawG? a&arT;aMumfjim? om;a&tdwfaMumfjim?
pmrsufESm (218)
trsdK;orD; twGif;cH aMumfjimESifh EIwfcrf;eD rdwfuyfaMumfjimawG/ aumifrav;awG

awmfawmfvSonf/
aemufxyfawGYaom pmtkyfrsm;rSm Penthouse ESifh Playboy pmtkyfrsm;

jzpfonf/ vSefavSmMunfhjyD;aemuf jypfrIwpfck usL;vGefrdovdk EIwfcrf;awG
ajcmufaoGUum &ifw'dwf'dwf ckefvm\/ AD'D,dkjyuGufawGavmuf r[kwfvSayr,fh
xifxif&Sm;&Sm; jrif&onfh ukd,fcE¨mawG.../ olonf pmtkyfawGudk uysmu,m
jyefxm;vdkufjyD; atmuftwef;u pmtkyfawGudk Munfhonf/ atmufu
pmtkyfawGu aooyfpGm xlxJMuonf/ The Great American Bathroom
Books [laom emrnfjzifh twGJoHk;wGJ awGY&onf/
Bathroom Books qdkawmh a&csdK;cef; tdrfom0if&if; zwfwJhpmtkyfaygh/

'gjzifh bmtrsdK;tpm; jzpfrvJ/ ol pyfpyfpkpkESifh wpftkyf xkwf,lMunfhonf/
tm;...av;vScsnfvm;/ pmvHk;ao;ao;rsm;jzifh yHkESdyfxm;onf/ *Gseftufzfuae'D?
atA&mymifvifuGef;? a*smh*sf0g&Sifwef...wJh/ a&rGefumAm\ 0w¬Kwdkrsm;?
wGrfaqm,m;\ pGefYpm;cef;rsm;? 0rf;a&m*g jzpfyGm;csdefu tcspf[k bmomjyefvdkY
&aom Love in the Time of Cholera [lonfh 0w¬KtaMumif;ponf ponfjzifh
olYu@ESifhol cGJjcm;jyD; trsdK;tpm;aygif;rsm;pGmaom pmtkyfaygif;rsm;pGm\
tESpfcsKyfawG jzpfaeonf/ pmtkyfudk jyefxm;vdkuf\/
awmfawmf pdwful;aumif;wJh vlawGyJ/
xdkYaemuf olonf olwpfyg;\ ydkifqdkifrIudk pyfpkrdaejyD[k olYudk,fol

owd&oGm;um jAKef;ceJ x&yfvdkufonf/ vufaq;aMuGuefwGif a&aq;
pmrsufESm (219)
vdkufonf/ qyfjymtwHk;tpm; qyfjym&nf xnfhxm;aom vufESdyfaMuGykvif;

vSvSav; wpfckudkom awGY&\/ pdrf;zefY zefYqyfjym&nfrSm od'¨dwkdYtdrfrSm
araroHk;aeus vufaq;qyfjym&nf teHYESifh rwlovdkyJ/
olonf rSefxJrS wpfqifh jrifae&aom aemufeH&HrSm csdwfxm;onfh

yefcsDum; cyfao;ao;udk rSefxJrSom tuJcwfvsuf eH&Huyf oHrPdvHk;
wef;uav;ay:u jzLazG;aom arG;yGwbufuav;rSm a&okwfvdkufonf/
xkdYaemuf cyfoGufoGuf xGufvmcJh\/
{nfhcef;rSm aea&mifcefYonf rwfwyf&yfaeonfudk awGY&onf/

olYvufxJrSm olpm;aeonfh yef;oD;r&Sdawmh/ od'¨d\ yef;oD;udkawmh zefcGufay:rSm
wifxm;onf/ yef;oD;udk od'¨daumuf,lpm;vdkuf\/
]cifAsm; apmapmu pdwfylwJhudpöudk b,fvdka&;&if ,Of,Ofaus;aus;

av;eJY olYudk owday;vdkY&rvJvdkYuRefawmf pOf;pm;aewm}
aea&mifcefY\ rsufvHkrsm;u pmtkyfAD&dk&Sd&mudkyJ vSrf;MunfhaeMu\/

vufydkufxm;jyD; vufwpfzufu vufnSdK;vufrjzifh EIwfcrf;udk pdwfrSwfrJh
yGwfoyfaeonfrSm tawG;wpfckckxJrSm Mum&SnfepfaecJhonfhymefrsdK; jzpfonf/
]uav;awG vlMuD;zdeyfMuD;awG rawmfbJ pD;MunfhwJh "mwfyHkawG

uRefawmfwdkY cPcP awGYzl;aewmyJ? tJ'DvdkrsdK; t"dyÜm,feJYa&;&if trsm;zwfwJh
pmapmifrSm xnfha&;zkdY oifhawmfr,f xifw,f? vdifrIudpöeJYywfoufwJh pdwfylrIrsdK;
ynmay;rsdK;qdkwmu twdrf;tapmif;rcH txdtcdkuf rcHwJh udpörsdK;av? cufwmu
pmrsufESm (220)
vljrifvdkYoifhawmfatmif qdkjyD; odyfodk0Suf0Suf a&;jyefawmh udk,fodapcsifwJh

tkyfpku em;rvnfedkifbJ ymmoawG ajrmufukefrSmvJ pkd;&ao;wm}
olYymmol oabmusjyD; toHxGuf &,farmavonf/ od'¨dvnf;

tlaMumifaMumif vdkuf&,frd\/
]tJ'Dt&G,ftpm;eJY aMumfjimppfppf qdk&ifawmh aMumfjimcenf;rSm

r[kwfbl;As? 'gayrJh tckymmu vlrIa&;udpöjzpfaew,f? ta&;ay:udpövJ
jzpfaew,f? vli,fav;wpfa,muf&JU touftEÅ&m,f pdk;&drfpdwfylp&m udpörsdK;
jzpfaew,fqdkawmh *sme,fu aps;avSsmh,lr,f vdkYarSsmfvifh&w,f/ wu,fvdkY
olwdkYudk 'DZdkif;twkdif; ray;bJ zvifxkwfjyD;om; ay;r,fqdk&if aMumfjimc
b,favmuf avSsmhrvJ ar;Munfh&r,f? "mwfyHkudk cifAsm;eJY tar ESpfa,mufa&G;?
pmom;udk uRefawmfeJYcifAsm;wkdifyifjyD; a&;Mur,f? "mwfyHkudk puJifef vkyfjyD;
zvifxkwfwJh udpörSmawmh tpfr a':cifoefYpifu ydkuRrf;r,f xifw,f? Music
*sme,f b,fawmh azmifydwfrvJqdkwmeJY aMumfjimcudpöudk reufjzefrSm
*sme,fwdkufudk vludk,fwdkifoGm;jyd; pHk;prf;&r,f? cifAsm;vkyfedkifr,f xifvm;}
]vkyfekdifrSmyg}
ol yef;oD;pm;&if;u acgif;ndwfonf/
]wu,fvdkYvdktyfr,fqdk&if *sme,fwdkufudk uRefawmf MudKwifjyd;

zkef;quf&Sif;jy ay;xm;ay;yghr,f}
pmrsufESm (221)
od'¨donf tenf;i,f rcHcsifpdwf 0ifoGm;onf/ onfavmufudpöuav;udk

olwpfyg;u ulnD&Sif;jyay;aep&m rvdkyg/ ol vkyfedkifygonf/
]udpör&Sdygbl; tpfudk? uRefawmf uav;r[kwfygbl;? uRefawmf

vkyfedkifygw,f}
uJuJqwf ymefudk xdef;csKyfzdkYowdr&vdkuf/ aea&mifcefYu oabmuspGm

jyHK;vsuf olYukd pdkufMunfhaewm jrif&onf/ olavoHrmrmESifh ajymvdkufrdwm
pdwfraumif;yg/
odkYaomf olYudk uav;vdk qufqHcH&wmudk ol rMudKufyg/
]aumif;ygjyDAsm? vlMuD;rif; vkyfedkifvdrfhr,fvdkYuRefawmf ,HkMunfjyD;om;yg}
aea&mifcefY\ &,fjrL;aom rsufvHk;rsm;onf uav;wpfa,mufudk

csD;usL;onfh rsufvHk;rsm; jzpfonf/
]'gjzifh reufjzef aeYcif; uRefawmfhqD zkef;qufrvm;? vdkufzf&Hk;cef;zkef;udk

qufvdkufaygh? vdktyf&if naeydkif;rSm uRefawmf cifAsm;wdkYtdrfudk vmcJhrSmaygh?
uGSefawmfu 'DwpfywfxJrSm rEÅav; &Hk;cGJudk oGm;&rSmrdkYyg}
]aMomf...}
rEÅav;rSm b,favmuf MumMumaerSmvJ[k ol ar;Munfhcsifonf/

odkYaomf rar;wmu aumif;rnf[k ol qHk;jzwfvdkuf\/
pmrsufESm (222)
]rMumygbl; od'¨d? oHk;av;&ufyJaerSm? taMumif;&Sd&if qufoG,fvdkY

&atmif rEÅav; zkef;eHygwf ,lxm;rvm;}
]aeygap cifAs}
ol uref;uwef; jiif;vdkufaomfvnf; aea&mifcefYu rSwfpkpm&Gufwdk

av;wGif zkef;eHygwf wpfck aumufjcpfa&;jyD; ay;vdkufygonf/
xkdpm&Gufav;udk vSrf;,lvdkufonfhtcsdefwGifusrS þvludk ol

b,favmuf tm;udk;rdaejyDvJ[k olYudk,fol jyefar;rdoGm;ygonf/
pmrsufESm (223)
(17)
oHk;q,fhwpf&ufajrmufaeY.../
avwdkufaew,f?
opf&GufawG aea&mifxJrSm wkefcgaew,f/
aeYwpfaeYpDymm aemufqHk;aeYyJ/
(Denise Levertov)
]nDav; 'Dyg
aevdkYrS aumif;&JYvm;? ig pdwfylaejyD/
rif; tck b,fa&mufaeovJ? vufxJrSm pm;p&m ydkufqHrS &Sd&JYvm;/
'D"mwfyHkymm ig&dkufcJhorSs rif;"mwfyHkawGxJu taumif;qHk;awmh
r[kwfbl;/ 'gayrJh rif;tdkufwif vkyfcsdefr&cJhwmrdk Yrif;&JY obm0tusqHk;
"mwfyHkawmh [kwfw,f/ 'gaMumifhvnf; 'D"mwfyHkymm xGufajy;ykef;a&SmifaewJh
rif;owif;udk &zkdYtxda&mufqHk; ulnDay;edkifr,f xifwmyJ/
rif;eJYig i,fi,fwkef;u oli,fcsif;awGeJYtwl wlwlykef;wrf; upm;wdkif;
rif;udkyJ t&ifqHk;&SmawGYMuwmcsnf;yJ/ MumMum&SmrawGYatmif rif;rykef;wwfcJhvdkY
awmfawmfnHhwJhaumifvdkY 0dkif;ymm;cHcJh&wm rSwfrdvm;/
tckawmh rif;tykef;aumif;vScsnfvm;/
pmrsufESm (224)
wpfvjynfhoGm;jyD? rif;udk &SmvdkYrawGYedkifao;bl;/

xGufcJhygawmh 'Dyg? rif;udk ig &IH;ygw,f/
udkudk
od'¨d
zkef;-.....
trSwf(.....) 52vrf;?
ykZGefawmifjrdKYe,f
aMumfjimxJu 'Dyg\wtHwMo&,faeaom "mwfyHkrSm yDjyifxif&Sm;&HkrSsru

'DZdkif;tqiftjyif ta&miftekt&ifhvnf; ajyjypfygonf/
þpmrSm rlvu olwdkYpOf;pm;xm;aom yxrqHk; pmxuf &Snfae\/

odkYaomf þpmonf 'Dyg[laom tdrfajy;uav;wpfa,mufudk Music *sme,f
y&dowf owdxm;rdoGm;atmif rdwfqufay;ekdifvdrfhrnf[k ol arSsmfvifhygonf/
w,fvDzkef;jrnfoH.../
ol ckefxvdkufrd\/
]ymJvdk}
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pmrsufESm (225)
jrwfaumif;toH/ a'gojzifh wkef,ifaeaom toHjzpfygonf/ ol

a,mif,rf;jyD; rsufpdrSdwfxm;vdkufrd\/ 'Daumif aMumfjimudk awGYoGm;jyD/
aocsmygonf/
]rif;...ighudk rajymcJhbl;}
jrwfaumif; a'gyGaeojzifh pum;oHrSm wHkYqdkif;ae\/ touf&SLoH

jyif;jyif;udk Mum;&onf/
]aqm&D;...jrwfaumiff;}
]rif; ighudk cspfw,fqdkwm bmvJ aymhaumif? 'gavmuf cGJr&atmif

wGJaewJhol tcsif;csif; 'Dudpöudk igbmrS rod&bl;qdkawmh ig t&l;aygh}
]aeOD;...jrwfaumif;? igajymOD;r,f}
]rajymeJY...bmrS rajymeJY? aymhaumif rif;ighudk oli,fcsif;vdkY

rowfrSwfvdkYaygh? ighudk rif; r,HkMunfvdkYaygh? rif; oufouf ighudk apmfum;wm}
]jrwfaumif;...ig tJvdk oabmeJYr[kwfbl;? rif; rodbl;vm;? ig rif;udk...}
]rodbl;? aeOD;...rif;udk igtckyJ qGJxdk;csifaewm? tck tdrfu xGufcJhr,f?

rif; b,frS ajy;zdkYpdwfrul;eJY...acG;aumif}
ol ajymcsif&majym qJcsif&mqJjyD; zkef;csoGm;\/
od'¨donf w,fvDzkef;udk tomt,m jyefcsvdkufygonf/
pmrsufESm (226)
ol rajy;yg/ b,fudkrS rajy;yg/ jrwfaumif; tvmudk {nfhcef;rSm

ausmuf&kyfwpf&kyfvdk xdkif&if; apmifhaecJhygonf/
jrwfaumif; tarmwaum a&mufvmcJhonf/ wHcg;udk w'kef;'kef;

xkESufonf/
wHcg; zGifhay;vdkufaomtcg jrwfaumif;onf 0kef;ceJ wGef;0ifvm\/
] od'¨d...}
jrwfaumif;onf od'¨dtm; qGJxdk;&rnfhtpm; cyfwif;wif;om qGJzufvdkuf

ygonf/
jrwfaumif; zufvdkufawmhrS ol 0rf;enf;oGm;awmhonf/
]ighwdkYawGYrSmyg... 'Dyghudk igwdkYawGYrSmyguGm} [k olYudk jrwfaumif;u

ESpfodrfh&if; olY ycHk;udk cyfjyif;jyif; ykwfonf/
cPMumawmh jrwfaumif;ESifh od'¨d ESpfa,mufxdkifqdkzmrSm

twlxdkifrdMuonf/ ESpfa,mufom; 'DyghtaMumif;awG ajymjzpfMuygonf/
jrwfaumif;&SdaepOfrSmyJ w,fvDzkef; oHk;cgvmygonf/
wpfcku rif;vSu ta':qDu? wpfcku atmifyef;u ta':qDu?

wpfcku q,fwef;wkef;u od'¨doli,fcsif; jzpfcJhzl;aom aumifrav;wpfa,muf
qDu/ olwkdY tm;vHk;u 'Dyghowif; ay;jcif;r[kwfbJ owif;ar;jcif;om
jzpfygonf/
pmrsufESm (227)
]tdrfrSm zkef;udkifr,fhol r&Sdwkef; owif;ay;csifwJhzkef;vm&if 'ku©yJaemf

od'¨d}
jrwfaumif;onf 'Dyg &SdpOfuwnf;u od'¨dwdkYtdrfrSm aeYv,f

zkef;udkifrnfhol r&Sdwmudk rMudKufyg/ zkef;ajzpufwpfck wyfxm;&if aumif;r,f[k
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pmrsufESm (228)
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pmrsufESm (229)
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pmrsufESm (230)
od'¨d jrwfaumif;tm; av;pm;ygw,f [laom ymefjzifh

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pmrsufESm (231)
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0gvJhu Music *sme,fudk zwfjyD;aecJhjyD/
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pmrsufESm (232)
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pmrsufESm (233)
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(Galway Kinnell)
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'kwd,aMumfjimtjzpf aemufxyf pmwpfapmifygvmaom Music

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pmrsufESm (234)
od'¨d tdrfjyefa&mufaomtcsdefwGif cgwkdif;vdkyJ n &Spfem&DvGefjyD;cgp

jzpfonf/ cgwdkif;ESifh rwlonfrSm onfaeYod'¨dum;,loGm;cJhygonf/ wdkufa&SYrSm
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jzpfygonf/ odkYaomf um;udk aocsm Munfhrdawmh a'gopdwf ajyoGm;jyD;
tHhMopdwfu 0ifa&mufvmcJhonf/
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upfupftdrfu vTwfrSm r[kwf/ vdkufvnf; ydkYay;rSm r[kwf/
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&yfvdkufjyD; tdrfa&SUa&mufatmif jyefavSsmufvmcJh&onf/
aea&mifcefYyJ jzpf&r,f/
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aea&mifcefYudk jrifvdkuf&ygonf/
araru qdkzmay:rSm xdkifae&mu od'¨d0ifvm&modkY vSnfhMunfhvdkufonfh

tcsdefwGif aea&mifcefYu ararh qdkzmaemufwGif rwfwyf&yfvsuf &Sdonf/
ararhrsufESm...
pmrsufESm (235)
]arar...}
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aqmifhckefoGm;aom &if\ ylavmifrIjzifh ararhqD ajy;oGm;vdkufrdonf/
]arar...bmjzpfvdkYvJ? 'Dyg bmjzpfvdkYvJ}
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aea&mifcefYu oludk,fwdkif pdk;&drfylyefaom rsufESmjzifh od'¨dtm;

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pmrsufESm (236)
ol &ifxJrSm av;vHydusoGm;ygonf/
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qufpyfaevdkYvJ/
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pmrsufESm (237)
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tJ'D ig;odef; olYudk b,fvdkvkyf yHkay;vdkufedkifyghrvJ? azsmifoGm;&if rcufbl;vm;
rr&JY}
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bmta&;vJ rr? 'gayrJh oufouftMuHtzef vkyfwmqdk&if tJ'D ig;odef;u
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owdxm;ygOD;}
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tav;teuf ajymygonf/
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pmrsufESm (238)
]uRefawmf oleJYpum;ajymr,fav? reufjzef n ckepfem&D olqufr,f

ajymw,f r[kwfvm;? uRefawmf zkef;udkifvdkufr,f? 'DMum;xJrSm rr
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aeygonf/
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pmrsufESm (239)
od'¨d ararhvufudk wif;wif;qkyfvsuf jidrfoufpGm em;axmifaerdonf/

ol ajymwmawGu jzpfedkifonf/ odkYaomf araru vufrcHcsifcJhyg/
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vdkufawmh b,fES,fhvkyfrvJ? uRefr om;av;udk uRefr qHk;&awmhrSmaygh
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avhvm&rSmaygh? rr odyfpdwfavmrMuD;zdkY vdkw,faem}
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odkYaomf tJ'Duae jyefavSsmufvmjyefonf/ xkdYaemuf jywif;ayguf&Sd&modkY
avSsmufoGm;jyefonf/ xdkYaemuf jywif;udk rSDvsuf onfbufodkY vSnfh&yf\/
pdwfvIyf&Sm;rIudk xdef;csKyfonfhtaejzifh vufESpfzufudk wif;wif;ydkufvkdufygonf/
]uRefrawmh acgif;awGylaejyD? pOf;pm;vJ tajz&rSm r[kwfbl;}
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qdkawmh rSefrvm; rSm;rvm;qdkwJhtajzu rr pOf;pm;vdkYxGufvmrSm r[kwfvdkYyJ?
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pmrsufESm (240)
aea&mifcefYxkdif&mrS xjyD; ararhqD avSSsmufoGm;onfudk od'¨d ai;Munfhae

rdonf/
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araru arSsmfvifhcsuf MuD;rm;pGm ar;ygonf/
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od'¨d vTwfceJ 0ifajymrdawmh arar\ pl;pl;0g;0g; tMunfhudk &vdkuf

ygonf/
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vdkufatmifudk ac:,l&rSmyJ}
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x&yfvkdufrd\
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ararhrsufESm wif;rmoGm;ygonf/
pmrsufESm (241)
]15ESpft&G,f uav;wpfa,mufudk araru olYpdwfMudKufvkyfcGifh

ay;&rSmvm;? 15ESpfyJ &Sdao;w,fav? 15ESpf qdkwm t&G,fra&mufao;bl; om;?
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araru od'¨d&Sd&modkYajcvSrf; vSrf;vmawmh od'¨daemufqkwfvdkufygonf/

aea&mifcefYu od'¨dwdkYom;trdMum;xJ 0if&yfvkduf\/
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od'¨dudkvJ uRefawmf ajymcsifwmu cifAsm; 'DtqifhrSm 'gudk pdwfylzdkYrvdkao;bl;?
wu,foGm;&jyDqdkawmh vrf;c&D;rSm tJ'DudpötwGuf MudKawG;jyD; jyifqif&r,f?
tckawmh oljyefvdkufcsifwm rvdkufcsifwmudk uRefawmfwdkYxnfhrawG;eJYOD;...tdkau}
arar\wif;rmaom rsufESmajyavsmhoGm;onf/ avsmhrnfhavsmhawmhvnf;

EGrf;azsmhoGm;atmifudk avsmhoGm;ygonf/
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jrifhaer,fqdkwm uRefrodygw,f? 'gayrJh 'gawGu olwdkYtwGufyg?
olwdkYb0twGufyg uRefrtwGuf r[kwfygbl;}
pmrsufESm (242)
]tJ'g olwdkYodygw,f rr}
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ararESifh aea&mifcefYonf od'¨da&SYrSm od'¨dESifh ywfoufaom taMumif;udk

ajymaeMuonf/ od'¨donf vlwpfa,mufr[kwfbJ t&kyfwpf&kyf jzpfaeovdkygyJ/
od'¨d tcH&cufoGm;ygonf/
ararhpHawG jrifhaewm od'¨dbmrsm; qifajcwufcJhzl;vdkYvJ/

ararhyHkpHcGufxJrSm olonf umvMum&SnfpGm wpdrfhpdrfh yHkavmif;cHcJh&aom
vli,fav;wpfa,muf jzpfcJhonf/ aysmif;nGwfwwfaom rdrdtwGufu
tvG,fwul yHkpHusoGm;cJhyg&JY/ odkYaomf 'Dyguawmh at;cJwwfaomol?
rmausmwwfaomol jzpfaervm;/ ararhyHkpHcGufxJrSm 'Dyg yHkpHruscJhwm
aocsmoGm;ygjyD/
]olwdkYrodbl;vdkY rajymygeJYarar&JY? om;wdkYodygw,f? tenf;qHk; om;

odygw,f? 'gawGymm ararhtwGuf r[kwfbl;? om;wdkYtwGufqdkwm
om;odygw,f? 'gaMumifh om; bmrsm; rvdkufemcJhwm &SdvdkYvJ}
ol tenf;i,f wkd;wdwfpGm avoHaysmhaysmhjzifh ajz&Sif;rd\/
]ararhyHkpHcGufxJrSm om; twdtus 0ifcJhw,fav? jrefrmwpfjynfvHk;

tqifhwpfuae wpfq,fqdkwJh &nfrSef;csuf? tar&duefwuúodkvfMuD;wpfckckuae
bGJY,l&r,fqdkwJh &nfrSef;csuf? tJ'gawGtm;vHk;udk...}
]yHkpHcGuf...? om; ararhudk tJvdk jrifaecJhrSef; arar rodcJh&ygvm;}
pmrsufESm (243)
araru aea&mifcefYudk wGef;z,fvsuf od'¨dqDodkYeD;uyfvmonf/
]vufpowfawmh 'Dygtdrfu xGufoGm;wmymm jzpfoifhjzpfxdkufwm wpfck

jzpfoGm;wmvdkY om;xifaecJhwmygvm;? arar rSm;aevm;...ajymygOD; om;&JY?
om;wdkYudk arar odyfcspfrdvdkYodyfawmfapcsifwm arar rSm;oGm;cJhjyDvm;}
araru od'¨d\ycHk;ESpfzuftm; qkyfnSpfqGJcgvsuf aoG;&l;aoG;wef;

ar;&if; rsuf&nfusvmcJhonf/ ararhrsuf&nfudk jrif&aomtcg a&SYquf
ajymawmhrnfh od'¨d\ pum;vHk;wdkYonf vnfyif;xJrSm EIwfcrf;zsm;rSm
wpfqdkYeifoGm;cJhygonf/ ol ararhrsuf&nfudk vufrjzifh tomt,myGwfoyfí
okwfay;vdkufrdonf/
]ridkygeJYarar? arar rrSm;ygbl;? om;ajymwm a&SYavmMuD;oGm;vdkY

pum;vHk;awG rSm;ukefwmyg? ararhpdwfxJrSm rxm;ygeJYaemf}
araru od'¨dtm; zufwG,fvsuf ycHk;udk cyfzGzG ykwfvdkuf\/

olwdkYESpfa,muftm; cyfvSrf;vSrf;rS aea&mifcefYu ai;Munfhaewm ol jrif&
ygonf/ ol tenf;i,f &SufoGm;\/ ararhtm; &ifcGifxJrS rodrom
wGef;xkwfvdkufonf/ aea&mifcefYu acsmif;wpfcsuf ymefYvdkufonf/
]uJ...uJ...rSm;wmawG rSefwmawG aemufrS jiif;Muygvm;? tck n udk;em&D

xdk;awmhr,f? {nfhonfjyefcsdefa&mufjyD cifAs}
araru aea&mifcefYbuf vSnfhMunfhvdkufjyD; jyHK;vdkufygonf/
pmrsufESm (244)
]tdk...[kwfyg&JY? {nfhonfudk bmrS {nfh0wfrjyKrdbl;? MunfhygOD;?

xrif;pm;jyD;jyDvm;? uRefrwdkYeJYtwl...}
aea&mifcefY&,farmí jiif;ygonf/
]uRefawmf pm;cJhjyD;om;yg? rrwdkYom;trd qma&maygh? pm;Muav...

uRefawmf jyefr,f}
]'gayrJh wpfckckawmh aomufygOD;? aumfzDaomufrvm;? tat;

aomufrvm;}
]aeygap rr? bmrS raomufawmhygbl;}
aea&mifcefYu jiif;jyD;rS ararhtm; cyfqqMunfhum jyHK;vsufvufcHonf/
]tdkau...'gjzifh vG,fwm wpfckck aomufyghr,f}
]tJvdk vkyfprf;yguG,f}
araru auseyfoGm;aom tjyHK;jzifh vSnfhxGufoGm;onf/ uG,f...[laom

toHk;tEIef;udk od'¨d tHhMooGm;\/
]'Dudk ,lrvmeJYav rr? rrwdkYxrif;pm;wJhtcsdefrSm uRefawmf txl0ifjyD;

xkdifrSmaygh}
pmrsufESm (245)
aea&mifcefYatmfajymonfhtcg araru wpfcsuf vSnfhMunfhjyD;

cyfoGufoGuf acgif;ndwfjycJhygonf/ xdktcsdefrSm od'¨donf aea&mifcefY\
rsufESmudk zswfceJ vSrf;Munfhrdonf/
pdwfxJwGif xifhceJ jzpfoGm;\/ aea&mifcefYrsufvHk;awG ta&mifawmufpGm

jyHK;aecJhygonf/ tJ'DrsufvHk;awGonf tdrf&Sif\ {nfh0wfausyGefrIudk
auseyfESpfodrfhaom {nfhonfrsufvHk;rsdK;xuf ydkaeygonf/ tJ'DrsufvHk;awGudk ol
rMudKufyg/ &if;ESD;rI.../ tJonfrsufvHk;awG\ &if;ESD;rIonf vdktyfonfxuf
ydkvSsHaeovdkyJ/
ol rsufESmvTJypfvkdufjyD; ausmydk;tdwfudk aumufqGJum vSnfhxGuf

vmcJhonf/ xkdrsufvHk;awGudk ol owdxm;vdkufrdaMumif; rsufrSmrSm
ay:vGifaerSmpdk;vdkYjzpfygonf/
tcef;xJ 0ifjyD;awmh ckwifESpfck Mum;rSm ol rwfwwf&yfaerdwm

tMumMuD;/ rD; rzGifhrdyg/ ararESifhtwl xrif;oGm;pm;&rvm;/ om;
rqmao;bl;[kajymjyD; tcef;xJyJ qufae&rvm;/ wu,fawmh ol
xrif;qmvSjyD/
od'¨dnf vufxJrSm udkifxm;aom ausmydk;tdwfudk olYckwifay:

ypfwifvdkuf\/ xrif;pm; cef;qDrS a&cJaowåm zGifhoHydwfoHwdkYudk Mum;ae&onf/
wkd;wdk;oJhoJh/ {nfhcef;qDrSmawmh vIyf&Sm;oH rMum;&/ tcef;a&SYrS jzwfjyD; rD;zdkxJ
avSsmufoGm;rnfh ajcoHwpfckudk ol em;pGifhaerdonf/ ajcoHudkvnf; olrMum;&yg/
ol 'DyghckwifqDodk YiJhMunfhvdkuf\/
pmrsufESm (246)
'Dygom apmapmu jrifuGif;udk jrifvSsif b,fvdk wHkYjyefrvJ/ ararhudk

Munfhvdkufonfh aea&mifcefY\ rsufvHk;awGudk 'Dyg b,fvdk wHkYjyefrvJ/
odkYr[kwf od'¨duyJ tpdk;&drfvGefuJaewmvm;/
arar\ ]uG,f} [laom toHk;tEIef;onf od'¨dESifh 'DyghtwGufom

jzpfcJhonf/ olpdrf;a,musfm;wpfa,muftm; ]uG,f} [k araroHk;EIef;wm ol
Mum;zl;&JYvm;[k awG;Munfhrd\/ OD;ÚmPfudk arar b,fvdkpum;ajymcJhygvdrfh/ ol
rrSwfrdawmhyg/
]aymh...tdrfa&SYu ESpfa,muf vmpm;vdkY&jyD}
ararhtoHudk rD;zdkcef;bufrS Mum;vdkuf&onf/ cyfoGufoGuf cyfjrL;jrL;

ac:oH.../ od'¨dESifh 'Dygudk xrif;pm;zdkYac:aom toHk;tEIef;ESifh av,lavodrf;ygyJ/
pdwfaomuawGudk ab;z,fxm;EdkifcJhonfh toH/
ol tpdk;&drfMuD;aerdwmvm;/ arareJY aea&mifcefY.../
{nfhcef;qDrS ajcoHwpfck tcef;a&SYpMuFYqD a&mufvmonf/ xkdYaemuf

tcef;udk vGefoGm;\/
ol tarSmifxJrSm rwfwyf&yfaecJhygonf/
pmrsufESm (247)
(18)
&ufav;q,fajrmufaeY.../
wpfcgwpfcg aeymm
at;cJrmausmaeyHk&wJh
0rf;enf;jcif;vGifjyifudk
t&nfaysmfusoGm;apedkifw,f/
tJ'grsdK; rif;rSm jzpfvmedkifw,f/
(Sheenagh Pugh)
,aeYnae ol pmoifroGm;yg/ ausmif;om;\ tdrfrSm w,fvDzkef;

r&Sdojzifh aeYcif; tm;csdefwGif wpfacgufoyfoyfoGm;jyD; taMumif;Mum;cJh&onf/
aemufaeYawGxJu tcsdef tpm;jyefay;vdkY&ygonf/
olYudk zdpD;aeonfu 'DygESifh e,fpyfudpö? e,fpyfESifh aiGig;odef;udpöyJ

jzpfygonf/
olwdkY oHk;a,mufonf {nfhcef;qdkzmawGay:rSm xdkifvsuf w,fvDzkef;

jrnfoHudk apmifhaeMuonf/ araru ESpfa,mufxdkif qdkzmwGif xdkifvsuf? ararh
pmrsufESm (248)
rsufESmcsif;qdkifrSm aea&mifcefYu xdkifvsuf/ olwdkYESpfa,mufESifh cyfvSrf;vSrf;u

xdyfqHk;qdkzmrSmawmh od'¨d/
aea&mifcefYonf nae 6em&DcGJuwnf;u a&mufvmcJhonf/ um;ryg

vmyg/ olY&Hk;u Aifum;tjzLav;jzifh onftdrfta&muf vdkufydkYay;cJhygonf/
onftdrfa&mufa&mufcsif; olvkyfonfrSm w,fvDzkef;udk r MunfhjyD; vdkif;aumif;
raumif; toHem;axmifMunfhjcif;yJ jzpfonf/ xdkYaemuf vufwpf0g;pmcefYt&G,f&Sd
uufquftao;av;ESifh w,fvDzkef;udk Mum;rS oD;oefYMudK;wpfacsmif;jzifh
qufoG,fvdkufonf/ rD;jcpfqHbl;avmuf&Sdonfh wdyfacGtao;av;udk
uufqufxJ xnfhvdkufonf/
od'¨donf aea&mifcefYvkyfaeorSsudk cyfvSrf;vSrf;rSaejyD; tuJcwfMunfh&HkyJ

Munfhonf/ bmrSs rpyfpkyg/ odkYaomf aea&mifcefYu jyHK;vsuf &Sif;jyonf/
]w,fvDzkef;xJu pum;awGtm;vHk;udk rSwfwrf;wifxm;csifvdkY? 'grS

olYpum;awGudk vdktyfwJhtcg jyefoHk;vdkY&r,f? tay;t,ludpöymm 'Dwpf&ufeJY
rjyD;cJh&if uRefawmfwdkY tjyefjyeftvSefvSef ppfaq;edkifwmaygh}
tppt&m&mudk em;vnfuRrf;usifpGm xdef;csKyfawmhrnfh vlwpfa,muf\

rsufESmrsdK; jzpfonf/ pwpfaumfvmtusÐtjzL\ vufudk wHaxmifqpfra&mufrD
acgufwifxm;onf/ tusÐ&ifbwfrSm ymdkwpfaeYu &ifxdk;zJMudK;eDuav;udk
rawGY&ay/ teufa&mifrsm;aom tuGufpdyfpdyf csnfvHkcsnfonf enf;enf;
&Snfaeoa,mif &Sdonf/
pmrsufESm (249)
aea&mifcefYonf w,fvDzkef;wifonfh &SdK;auhpf rsufESmjyifay:rSm

rSwfpkrSwfzdkYpuúLav; wpfxyfESifh cJwHudk tqifoifhcsxm;onf/
tm;vHk; tqifoifhjzpfjyDqdkrS qdkzm qufwDawGqDavSsmufvmum

ararha&SYrSm 0ifxkdifygonf/
]yxrqHk; rru t&if zkef;udkifyg? tJ'DvlrSef; aocsmw,fqdkawmh uRefr

armifav;eJY ajymygqdkjyD; uRefawmfhqDudk zkef;vTJay;vdkuf...'gyJ? rrvkyf&rSm
tJ'gyJ...[kwfjyDaemf}
][kwfygjyD}
ararhtoHrSm pdwfvIyf&Sm;rIudk csKyfwnf;xm;onfhtxJu wkefcgrI

enf;enf; ygaecJhonf/
]jyD;awmh olYtoHudk rrwdkY zkef;aqmif;abmufpfxJuae em;axmifaeaygh?

bmpum;rS 0ifrajymeJY? bmrSvJ pdwfrygeJY? bmvkyf&r,fqdkwm uRefawmf
aumif;aumif;odw,f? [kwfjyDaemf}
arar acgif;ndwfvdkufygonf/
oHk;a,mufvHk; wkdufuyfem&D\ rdepfvufwHESifh puúefYvufwHqDodkY

cPcP tMunfha&mufvsuf jidrfoufwdwfqdwfoGm;Muonf/
7 em&D xdk;&ef 13 rdepf.../ 12 rdepf...
pmrsufESm (250)
od'¨donf vufacsmif;awGudk jzefYMunfhvdkuf vufoD;qkyfvdkuf? jyefajzjyD;

jzefYMunfhvdkuf vkyfaerdonf/ od'¨d pdwfvIyf&Sm;aeygonf/ e,fpyfjrdKY? edkifiHESpfck\
e,fedrdwf pnf;&dk;? wpfzufedkifiH.../ w&m;r0if cdk;0ifrI? ol MuufoD;xoGm;\/ ol
b,fwkef;urS pOf;pm;rMunfhcJhzl;aom tjzpfawGyJ/
þtjzpftysufudk pGefYpm;cef;[k olrac:csifyg? tu,fí pGefYpm;cef;

qdkvSsifvnf; vli,fav;wpfa,muf\ cHekdif&nfudk ausmfoGm;aom pGefYpm;cef;
jzpfonf/
'Dygonf a&G;cs,fp&mvrf;awG trsm;MuD; &SdvsufESifh bmjzpfvdkY

onfvrf;udkrS a&G;cJhygovJ/ odkYr[kwf olwdkYrodvdkufonfh wpfvausmfumv
twGif;rSm 'Dygonf a&G;cs,fcGifhawG qHk;&SHK;onfh tajctaexJrSm nSyfydwfrdcH
vdkuf&jyDvm;/
ararhudk vSrf;Munfhrdawmh araronf qkdzmay:wGif wif;usyfaom

udk,faeymefjzifh awmifhawmifhMuD; xkdifvsuf jidrfaeonf/ ycHk;ay: rxdwxd
qHyifEG,fwdkYuydku&dk 0Jusvsuf? rsufESm jc,forI jy,fvGifhcgp e*dkae
ra&mufwa&muf/ 'gayrJh EGrf;azsmhpGmyif arar vSaecJhygonf/ ararvSwmudk
,ckvdk tcsdeftcg tajctaersdK;rSmyif ol owdxm;rdaeonf/ aea&mifcefYvnf;
owdxm;rdaerSmyg/
aea&mifcefYudk tuJcwfMunfhrdawmh vufoD;qkyfESpfckay:rSm

ar;axmufvsuf qdkzmay:rSm a&SYudkif;vsuf aexdkif&if; ararhtm; ai;Munfhaewm
jrif&onf/ olYrsufvHk; awGymm omref{nfhonfrsufvHk;rsdK;awmh r[kwf/ þtdrf\
pmrsufESm (251)
ta&;wMuD; udpöwdkYudk qHk;jzwfcsuf csay;rnfh tcGifhtmPm&SdolwpfOD;\

ydkifpdk;ydkifeif; rsufvHk;awGvm;/ 'Dyg\ aea&; &Sif&if; 'ku© okctm;vHk;udk
olpdrf;wpfa,muf\ vufxJodkY,HkMunfpdwfcspGm xnfhvdkufrdygyaumvm;/
þvludk olawGYzl;onfrSm wpfvyif rjynfhao;yg/
r[kwfao;bl;/ þvlonf upfupf\ tpfudk jzpfonf/ olYtcspfqHk;

oli,fcsif;rav; upfupf\ tpfudkjzpfonf/ upfupfudk ,HkMunfovdk
olYtpfudkudk ,HkMunfedkifrSmyg/ b,fvdkvkyfajymvdkY&rvJ/ þvlonf olYnD
rl;,pfaq;rIESifh axmifrusatmif rumuG,fekdifcJh/ olYnDudk rl;,pfaq;EGHrS
qGJrxkwfedkifcJh/
bk&m;a&...'Dvludk od'¨dwdkY b,fvdkvkyfjyD; tm;udk;vdkY&rvJ/
olonf tpDtpOfawG tukefvHk;udk oHo, jzpfvmonf/ rSm;aejyD/

wpfckckawmh rSm;aejyD/
]arar...}
xkdcPrSmyif w,fvDzkef;jrnfoHonf pl;&Sus,favmifpGm

xGufay:vmcJhonf/
araronf yxrqHk; Mum;Mum;csif; awmifhwif;pGm jidrfae\/

'kwd,tMudrf jrnfonfhtcgusrS ckefxvdkufonf/ xkdYaemuf w,fvDzkef;qD
ajy;oGm;awmhonf/ xkdYaemuf w,fvDzkef;qD ajy;oGm;awmhonf/ pwkw¬wpfMudrf
jrnfonfhtoHrSmrS aumufudkifvdkufygonf/
pmrsufESm (252)
]ymJvdk...? [kwfygw,f&Sif... 'Dyghtaryg}
ararhtoHonf od'd¨ pdk;&drfaeoavmufawmh rwkefvIyfyg/ aea&mifcefYu

xdkif&mrS tomxjyD; arar&Sd&modkYat;aq;wnfjidrfpGm avSsmufoGm;onf/
]aiG...aMomf...[kwfuJh? xkwfxm;jyD;ygjyD? [kwfuJh...uRefr armifav;eJY

qufajymygaemf] aea&mifcefYonf ararvSrf;ay;onfh zkef;cGufudk udkifvdkuf\/
yHkrSefyJ/ tomav;yJ/ þtdrfwGif pdwfvIyf&Sm;rdaeolrSm od'¨dwpfa,mufwnf;
jzpfymefwlygonf/ ]ymJvdk... uRefawmf 'Dygh OD;av;yg cifAsm? uRefawmfh
wlav;twGuf tckvdk apwemxm;jyD; ulnDwm odyfaus;Zl;wifygw,f}
aea&mifcefYu w,fvDzkef;t0if pum;oHudk od'¨dwdkYMum;&atmif pyDum

cvkwfzGifhvdkuf\/ wpfzufu pum;ajymoHudk olwkdYMum;vdkuf&ygonf/
]cifAsm;wlav; ymdkbufe,fxJudk a&mufoGm;ygjyD? uRefawmf jyefac:zdkY

tquftoG,f vkyf&wm cufcJoGm;jyDayghAsm? 'gayrJh odw,f r[kwfvm;?
olYvrf;aMumif;awGeJYolawmh &Sdwmaygh? rjzpfbl;awmh r[kwfbl;...jzpfr,f}
]jzpfr,f...odkYaomf aiGukefaMu;usawmh rsm;r,f? tJvdkvm;}
]cifAsm; oabmaygufom;yJ? 'Dawmh cifAsm;vkyf&rSmudk ajymr,f?

cifAsm;qDudk vlwpfa,muf vTwfvkdufr,f}
]cPav; cPav;? uRefawmfwkdYrSmu rarSsmfvifhbJ owif;ESpfcku

tjydKif0ifvmwmrdkYyg? 'Dyg&JU wjcm;owif;wpfckvJ uRefawmfwdkY&xm;ygw,f?
rlq,fbufrSm 'Dyghudk awGYw,fvdkY tckvdkyJ zkef;owif;wpfck a&mufaeygw,f?
pmrsufESm (253)
uRefawmfwdkYtaeeJY owif;ESpfckvHk;udk wpfjydKifwnf; rvdkufedkifygbl; cifAsm?

'DxJu aocsmwJh wpfckudk OD;pm;ay;&rSmrdkY uRefawmfhudk wpfqdwfulnDyg? 'Du
tpfudkMuD; awGUvdkufwJh uav;ymm uRefawmfhwl tppfjzpfw,fvdkY,HkMunf&r,fh
taxmuftxm;av;? Oyrm "mwfyHk...}
]aqm&D;Asm... tJ'gawmh uRefawmf rjyedkifygbl;? 'Dvdk tajctaersdK;vdkYvJ

rodcJhbJudk;? 'Dtwkdif;yJ xHk;pHtwkdif; qufoG,fay;cJh&wmyg}
]'gayrJh tpfudkMuD;udk,fwkdif 'Dyghudk awGYcJh&w,faygh}
wpfzufu cPwdwfqdwfoGm;\/
]uRefawmf udk,fwdkifawmh rawGYbl;aygh? uRefawmfwdkYtzGJYu

vkyfay;cJhwmyg? 'DygrS 'DygyJvdkYolwdkYu ajymygw,f}
][kwfygjyD cifAsm? 'gqdk 'DygeJYwdkuf&dkufawGYjyD; ulnDay;vdkuf&wJholeJY

uRefawmfhudk qufoG,fay;yg? uRefawmf oleJYajymrS jzpfr,f}
]bmvJ...'g...usKyfwdkYudk r,HkMunfwJhoabmvm;}
]'Dvkdoabmawmh r[kwfygbl;? uRefawmfwdkYu aocsmwmudk vdkcsifvdkYyg

cifAsm}
]cifAsm; 'Dvdk tcsdefqGJaevdkYaumifav;wpfckck jzpfoGm;&if cifAsm; aemifw

& &r,faem}
ararh touf&SLoH jyif;jyif;udk od'd¨ Mum;vdkuf&onf/
pmrsufESm (254)
]'gayrJh uRefawmfwdkYbufuvJ 'Dyg ygvdkYraocsmbJeJY pGefYpm;vdkYr&ygbl;?

"mwfyHkjzpfjzpf olYvufa&;yJ jzpfjzpf olYudk awGYwJholwdkif; owdxm;rdwJh xl;jcm;wJh
trSwftom;jzpfjzpf}
]'Dr,f...cifAsm; owdxm;zdkYu uRefawmfwdkYrSm tcsdefr&Sdbl;? cifAsm;wludk

jyefvdkcsifvm;... rvdkcsifbl;vm;? vdkcsif&if uRefawmfwdkY tpDtpOftwdkif;
qufvkyfyg? ig;odef;&JU wpf0ufudk t&ifay;yg? p vIyf&Sm;zkdY}
]uRefawmfwdkYrSmvJ tcsdefr&Sdygbl;? uRefawmfhwludk uRefawmf

jyefac:csifygw,f? 'gayrJh uRefawmfhwl [kwfr[kwf rodbJeJYawmh ESpfodef;cGJvJ
tukefrcHekdifygbl;cifAsm? 'Dawmh uRefawmfhwltaMumif; yHkay:atmif ajymjyedkifwJh
oludk uRefawmfeJYqufrdzdkYt&ifulnDygOD;? tpfudkYudk qufoG,fekdifwJh zkef;}
]eHygwfawmh b,fay;vdkYjzpfrvJ? uRefawmfwdkYu vSsdKY0SufjyD;

vIyf&Sm;&wJholawGyg}
]'gjzifh tJ'D ukd,fwkdifvIyf&Sm;cJhwJholudk uRefawmfhudk qufoG,fay;yg?

olu tpfudkMuD;eJY eD;eD;rSm &Sdvm;? ac:ay;vdkY&rvm;? uRefawmf pum;enf;enf;
ajymcsifygw,f}
]ol 'DrSm r&Sdbl;}
]'DrSmqdkwm jr0wDvm;}
wpfzufu jyefrajzyg/
pmrsufESm (255)
]ymJvdk...}
wpfzufu toHwdwfoGm;onf/ bmoHrS rMum;&atmif

wdwfqdwfoGm;jcif; jzpfonf/ cPaeawmhrS toHjyefMum;&onf/ xkdtoHrSm
apmapmu toHr[kwfawmhyg/
]ymJvdk...}
'DtoHu ydkírmonf/
] [kwfuJhyg ? 'Dyghudk awGUvdkufwJhvlvm; cifAsm}
]'Dr,fAs...aumifav;udk awGYvdkufwJhol 'DjrdKUrSm r&Sdbl;? uRefawmfwdkYeJY

aqG;aEG;yg}
]cifAsm;wdkY uRefawmfajymwm em;rvnfbl;xifw,f? 'Dyg ygvdkY

oufaojyedkifwJhol r[kwf&if uRefawmf pdwfr0ifpm;ygbl;? cifAsm;wdkYvJ
tcsdefukefw,f? uRefawmfwdkYvJ tcsdefukefw,f? tJ'Dvludk uRefawmfwdkYeJY wkduf&dkuf
qufoG,fcdkif;yg}
]cifAsm;ajymyHku &ifhvScsnfvm;? usKyfwdkYu ulnD&r,fhol? usKyfwdkYudk 'Dvdk

qufqH&if rSm;oGm;rSmaygh}
wpfzufu toHu awmfawmfwif;rmaomaMumifh od'¨dem;axmif&if;

wpfudk,fvHk; wkefoGm;onf/
]'DygtppfjzpfaMumif; oufaojyedkifrS uRefawmfwdkYqD qufoG,fyg cifAsm}
pmrsufESm (256)
xdkYaemuf wpfzufu bmrS rajymjyedkifrD aea&mifcefYu zkef;csvkduf

ygonf/ od'¨donf tHhMovGef;ojzifh aea&mifcefYESifh w,fvDzkef;tm;
ai;pdkufaMumifMunfhaecJhrdonf/ araronf bmjzpfoGm;onf[k em;rvnfvdkuf
ovdkyif aMumiftoGm;&mrS aea&mifcefYqD ajy;oGm;í vufarmif;udk qGJqkyf
udkifvIyfavonf/
]b,fvdkvkyfvdkufwmvJ ... rif;b,fvdk vkyfvdkufwmvJ? tck om;av;&JU

vrf;p aysmufoGm;jyD}
]r[kwfbl; rr? rrem;rvnfbl;vm;? olwdkYu vlvdrfawG}
]rif; b,fvdkvkyfodvJ} arar toHukefatmfympfvkdufygonf/
]olwdkYpum;awGudk em;axmifMunfh&if odwmyJ rr&JU? bmrS

vufqkyfvufudkif rjyedkifbJeJY uRefawmfwdkYu olwdkYudk bmudpöaiGay;&rSmvJ}
]aiGudk udk,f rESajrmbl;? om;av;udkyJ jyefvkdcsifw,f...om;av;udkyJ

jyefvkdcsifw,f}
araronf pdwfvIyf&Sm;pGm atmfympfvsufu toHwdrf0ifoGm;um wpfcsuf

&SdKufiifvdkufygonf/
]om;av; wpfckck jzpfoGm;&if rif;aMumifhyJ rif;aMumifh}
]rr...acgif;at;at;xm;yg? rraiGb,favmufyJ yHkay;ay;? olwdkYrrom;udk

rrqD ydkYay;rSm r[kwfbl;}
pmrsufESm (257)
aea&mifcefYu ararhycHk;tm; cyfzGzG qkyfudkifvdkufonf/ od'¨d &ifxJrSm

wif;usyfoGm;\/
]bmaMumifhvJ odvm;...? olwdkYrrom;udk wpfcgrSawmif rjrifzl;bl;?

tMuHtzefvkyfwm}
arar acgif;,rf;ygonf/ aea&mifcefYpum;awGudk arar r,Hkedkifyg/
]olwkdYtckqufaewm jr0wDuvJ r[kwfbl;? &efukefwpf0dkufuyJ

qufaewm? rrqDu ydkufqHb,favmuf && olwdkY,lrSmyJ}
aea&mifcefYu ararhudk qdkzmawG &Sd&modkYac:vm\/
]rr pdwfvIyf&Sm;aevdkYyg? cPxkdifOD;? pdwfat;oGm;rS jyefpOf;pm;

Munfh&atmif? tat;wpfckck aomufrvm;? a&jzpfjzpfymif...}
arar pdwfavSSsmhum qdkzmaemufrSDay: acgif;vSefarmhvsuf rsufpdrSdwf

xm;vdkufygonf/ aea&mifcefYu od'¨dtm; vSrf;Munfhonf/ od'¨d\ pl;pdkufaom
rsuf0ef;rsm;ESifh 'dkif;ceJ qHkrdMu\/
] od'¨d... cifAsm;tarudk aomufp&m wpfckck ,lvmay;rvm;}
od'¨donf vIyf&Sm;zdkYarhavsmhaeolvdkyif rsufvHk;csif; qdkifvsuf ai;pdkuf

Munfhaerd\/ olYrsufvHk;xJrS bmudk owdxm;rdoGm;ovJ rod/ aea&mifcefYonf
od'¨dtm; jyHK;jyD; acgif;ndwfjyum rD;zdkqDodkY oludk,fwkdif avSsmufoGm;av
awmhonf/ onftdrfrSm aeaeaom tdrfom;wpfa,mufvkd aocsmrIrsdK; jzpfonf/
pmrsufESm (258)
oljyefvmaomtcg zefcGufESpfcGufESifh 7 up tat;oHbl; ESpfbl;udk o,fvmonf/

yxrqHk; oHbl;udk azmufceJ zGifhvdkufjyD; zefcGufxJodkY qJAif;tyhf tcsdK&nfawG
avmif;xnfhum ararhtm; wpfcGufurf;ay;\/
]a&mh...rraomufvdkufaemf? bmrS rpOf;pm;eJYOD;? jyD;&if apmapmu wdyfacG

jyefem;axmifMunfh}
xdkYaemuf bl;xJrS vufusefudk aemufzefcGufxJodk iSJYxnfhum od'¨dtm;

ay;ygonf/ od'¨d zefcGufudk vSrf;r,lrdbJ rsufarSmifwGefYauG;um pdkufMunhfai;
aerd\/
]od'¨d...}
aea&mifcefYu od'¨dtm; tEl;nHhqHk;avoHjzifh cyfwdk;wdk; ac:ygonf/
]cifAsm; b,fvdkcHpm;&w,fqdkwm uRefawmfem;vnfygw,f}
od'¨d toHxGufí &,frdygonf/ xkdYaemuf aea&mifcefY\ rsufvHk;xJodkY

pl;pl;&J&J pdkufMunfhvdkufrdonf/ xdkYaemuf twdk;wdwfqHk; avoHjzifh cyfjrefjref
ajymvdkuf\/
]cifAsm; em;rvnfygbl;}
xkdYaemuf 0kef;ceJ xxGufvmcJhygonf/ {nfhcef;onf wdwfqdwf

jidrfoufvsuf usefcJhonf/ tcef;xJodkYa&mufaomtcg rD;cvkwfudk zGifhvdkufonf/
vif;xdefoGm;onfh rD;a&mifatmufrSm ckwifESpfvHk;? pmMunfhpm;yGJESpfvHk;ESifh
pmrsufESm (259)
ukvm;xdkifESpfvHk;udk ol pdkufMunfhaeonf/ tcef;xJrSm wpfa,mufvdkaeonf/

tjyifrSmawmh wpfa,muf ydkaeonf/
olonf ararhudk cspf\/ ararhrSm pdwfqif;&Jp&mrsm;pGmjzifh av;vHydus

aecJhjyD/ ararhtay:rSm aemufxyf aumuf&dk;av; wpfrSsifpmrSsyif 0efryd
apcsifawmhyg/ odkYaomf wpfjydKifwnf;rSmyif ararhtm; olajymcsifwmawG
trsm;MuD; &Sdygonf/ ararhtay: ol rauseyfwmawG trsm;MuD; &Sdaeygonf/
ararhudk rajym&ufonfh pum;awGudk ol b,folYudk oGm;ajym&rnfvJ/
od'¨donf rwfrwf&yfae&if;rS 'Dygh ckwifajc&if;rSm csxm;aom wa,m

aowåmav;udk jrifoGm;onf/ ol xdkae&modkYavSsmufoGm;jyD; Murf;jyifay:
'l;axmufxkdifcsvdkufygonf/ xkdYaemuf aowåmcvkwfav;awGudk zGifhvdkufonf/
tzHk;udk vSyfvkdufaomtcg ndK0g0gta&mifjzifh ajymifvufaeaom wa,mudk
jrif&onf/ wa,mMudK;av;awGudk olYvufzsm;jzifh xdwdkYMunfh\/ bmoHrS
xGufrvm/ tcktcsdefrSm oltMum;csifqHk;rSm 'Dyg\wa,moH jzpfonf/
aw;oGm;oHpOf rSefonfjzpfap? oHaMumifaMumifESifh jrnfonf jzpfap/
tav;teuf yGwfqGJoHjzpfap? ajymifaemufpGm yGwfqGJoHjzpfap... wpfckckudk
olem;axmifcsifaeygonf/
pmrsufESm (260)
(19)
av;q,fhajcmuf&ufajrmufaeY.../
t&GuftcufawGeJY toD;awGudk tcsdefu ,loGm;jyD;

yHkpHrSefopf&GufudkyJ
aqmif;vrf;wpfavSsmuf jyefYusJaewJh
xdwfvefYp&meJY aomuawGtjzpf yHkazmfoGif;zdkY
rD;&SdKYypfcJhw,f/
(Edwin Muir)
]iga&mufoGm;awmh tJ'Daumifav;u tacGqdkifrSm tacGa&G;wkef;? tJ'g

bmav;vJ... rif;udk igajymjyD;jyDvm;}
jrwfaumif;u od'¨d\ aemufrSavSum;wufvdkufvm&if; ar;awmh od'¨d

acgif;,rf;vdkufonf/
]tJ'g rdef;rvsmav;uG}
olwdkY ESpfa,mufvHk; &,farmrdMuonf/ 'Dyg[k zkef;qufvdkY qkdifESihf

teD;qHk; jrwfaumif;tm; oGm;Munfhcdkif;aom tjzpfudk &,fp&m jyefajymaejcif;
jzpfygonf/
pmrsufESm (261)
]qdkifu aumifrav;udk igu aocsmatmif ar;Munfhvdkufw,f? eifwkdY

zkef;qufvdkufvdkY wdkYvmwm? tck eifjrifvkdufw,fqdkwJh 'Dygvm;vdkY? olu
wdk;wdk;av; ajzw,f? [kwfw,f...wJh? ymm...oGm;a&m}
jrwfaumif;onf ezl;ay: vuf0g;ESifh jyef&dkufavonf/ od'¨d

tvGef&,fcsifaeao;onf/
]ymm; ymm;...'Dygom od&ifawmh b,favmufrsm; a'gyJvdkufrvJ rodbl;?

olYudk rdef;rvsmeJYrS rSm;&w,fvdkY? awmfawmfajymifajrmufwJh ymmouGufygyJ}
'Dygonf rdef;rvsmawGudk tvGefrkef;wD;ygonf/
]rodbl;avuGm? rif;zkef;qufawmhvJ ighrSm vdkufoGm;&wmaygh?

aumifav; jyefxGufoGm;rSmpdk;vdkY ighrSm tajy;oGm;&wm? ightifem*sDawG awmfawmf
ukefoGm;w,f? jyefavsmfay;aymhaumif}
olwdkYESpfa,muf &,farmjyD; cef;a&SYodkYa&mufawmh &,farmoHawG csufcsif;

jywfawmufum wdwfqdwfoGm;\/
tcef;wHcg; ydwfxm;onf/ tjyifrS aomhcwfrxm;yg/
tcef; tjyifbufrSm eDndKa&mif uwåygonf;MudK;ESifh a,musfm;pD;

om;a&zdeyfwpf&H &Sdaeonf/
wHcg;\ jrSKyfaomhaygufxJodkY aomhwHxkd;xnfhawmhrnfh od'¨d\vufrsm;

cP wefYoGm;onf/
pmrsufESm (262)
]ymm... {nfhonf &SdaewmyJuG}
jrwfaumif;u cyfwdk;wdk; a&&Gwfonf/ od'¨dwdkYtdrfwGif rdom;pk

oHk;a,muf &Sd&mrS ESpfa,mufyJ &Sdawmhwmudk jrwfaumif;odonf/ tJ'D zdeyf
od'¨d\ zdeyf r[kwfrSef;vnf; jrwfaumif; odaeygonf/ jrwfaumif;
txifvGJoGm;edkifygonf/ aomhaygufxJodkY aomhwHxdk;xnfhrnfh od'¨d\ vufudk
jrwfaumif;u qGJxm;\/
]od'¨d...rif; 'DaeYpmoifcsdef ysufw,fqdkwm tefwD b,fodrvJaemf}
]rodbl;aygh}
]igwdkYvufzuf&nfqdkif oGm;&atmifuGm}
]ymm...bmvdkYvJ? igvufzuf&nf raomufcsifbl;? aemufjyD; rif;pD'D

,l&OD;rSmav}
{nfhonfonf {nfhonfoufoufom jzpfaMumif; jrwfaumif;

odapcsifonf/ ol wHcg;aomh zGifhvdkuf\/
wHcg;zGifh 0ifvkdufaomtcg ol tHhMooGm;\/ {nfhcef;rSm b,folrS r&Sdyg/
olYwpfudk,fvHk; awmifhwif;oGm;ygonf/ tdrfa&SYrSm {nfhonfzdeyfwpf&H

&SdaeygvsufESifh {nfhcef;rSm {nfhonf &Sdraebl;/ tJ'gudkvnf; jrwfaumif;
odoGm;jyD/
pmrsufESm (263)
ol {nfhcef;qdkzmawGqD avSsmufoGm;awmh jrwfaumif;u wGefYqkwfpGm

0ifvdkufvm\/
ESpfa,mufxkdif qkdzmay:rSm &Hk;udkif vufqGJom;a&tdwf teufa&mif

wpfvHk;wifxm;onf/ aea&mifcefY\ tdwfjzpfonf/ olaxmif;ceJ a'gyGoGm;\/
vludk {nfhcef;rSm ararESifh xdkifpum;ajymaewm jrif&vSsif ol 'Davmuf a'gyGrdrSm
r[kwfyg/ tckawmh {nfhcef;rSm tdwfyJ &Sdonf/ vlu b,fa&mufaeovJ/
jrwfaumif;onf tajctaeudk csufcsif; oabmaygufoGm;\/
]vufzuf&nfqdkif}
jrwfaumif;\ wdk;wdk;wdwfwdwf pum;udk olykwfxkwfvkdufygonf/ toH

cyfus,fus,fjzifhyJ ajymrdonf/
]bmvufzuf&nfqdkifrS roGm;bl;? rif;tck pD'D,lr,f r[kwfvm;?

xdkifapmifh}
tcef;xJ oGm;,l&ef vSnfhxGufzkdYjyifawmh jrwfaumif;u zrf;qGJwm;onf/
]ta&;rMuD;bl; aymhaumif... roGm;eJY? rif;tar {nfhonfeJY

pum;ajymaewm qdk&if wdkYtoHaMumifh taESmifht,Suf jzpfoGm;rSmaygh} [k
cyfwkd;wdk; azsmif;zsonf/
od'¨d rsufESm aEG;ceJ yloGm;ygonf/ arar bmjzpfvdkY {nhfcef;rSm

&SdraewmvJ/
pmrsufESm (264)
]od'¨d...igajymwm em;axmif? 'DvdktajctaersdK;udk rif;MuHKzl;rSm r[kwfbl;?

ig&Sif;jyr,f}
]bmrS vm&Sif;jyraeeJY}
tcef;bufodkY vSnfhawmhrnfh od'¨dtm; jrwfaumif;u ZGwfzrf;csKyf

xdef;xm;\/
]&SL;... &SL;... vlMuD;awG&JU tcGifhta&;udk rif; av;pm;&rSmaygh} [k

toHwdk;wdk;jzifh ajymjyefonf/
]bm...tcGifhta&;vJ}
ol a'goudk rsdKodyfxdef;csKyfvsuf tHMudwfum wdk;wdk;atmfrd\/
]rif; nwdkif;&Spfem&DcGJrS tdrfjyefa&mufwm rif;tar odw,f? tckrS nae

ajcmufem&DcGJyJ &Sdao;w,f}
]bmjzpfvJ}
]'Dawmh tck wdkYjyefxGufMur,f? n&Spfem&DcGJrS rif;udk igjyefvkdufydkYr,f ...

vm}
ol jrwfaumif;vufxJrS ZGwf&kef;xGufvdkufygonf/
]roGm;bl;}
jrwfaumif;u pdwf&SnfaomtjyHK;jzifh olYem;em; uyfum &Sif;jy\/
pmrsufESm (265)
]ig wpfcg wpfcg tdrfjyefcsdefr[kwfbJ jyefa&mufoGm;&if azazeJYararu

ighaMumifh pdwftaESmifht,SufawG jzpfukefwm igowdxm;rdw,f? vlMuD;awG&JU
udk,fydkiftcsdefudk...}
]bmqdkifvJuG? tJ'gu rif;tazav}
jrwfaumif;u jyHK;csifaewmudk xdef;csKyfrsufESmydk;owfvsuf
] bmxl;vJ...tckvJ olu rif;taz jzpfr,fholyJ}
]ymif...}
od'¨donf &SdorSs a'goawG tukefvHk;udk nmbufvufxJrSm

pkjyHKxnfhvsuf jrwfaumif;\rsufESmudk pGwfxdk;ypfvkduf\/
vufoD;onf jrwfaumif;\ b,fbufyg;jyifESifh t&Sdefjyif;pGm

xdrdoGm;jyD; jrwfaumif;rsufESm ,dkifxGufoGm;onf/
]rif;...ighudk bmjzpfvdkYapmfum;&wmvJ? bmjzpfvdkYapmfum;&wmvJ}
od'¨donf aMumiftoGm;aom jrwfaumif;tm; ESpfcsufqifh

xdk;ypfvdkufawmh jrwfaumif;vJusoGm;onf/
]aymhaumif...od'¨dawmfawmfh? igjyefxdk;rSmaemf...aymhaumif}
jrwfaumif;\ESmacgif;rS aoG;awG ,dkpD;xGufvmonfudk jrifawmhrS

olYvufawG &yfoGm;ygonf/
pmrsufESm (266)
]om;...od'¨d...bmjzpfwmvJ}
aemufbufrS ararhtoH/
ol ararhtm; a'gowMuD; vSnfhMunfhvdkuf\/ araru rD;zdkcef;qDrS

tajy;tvTm; xGufvmjcif;jzpfonf/ ararhrsufESmrSm rsuf&nfpawG
pGef;xif;aecJhygonf/ ararhrsuf&nfawG jrifawmh olY&ifxJrSm emusifpGm
ylavmifoGm;awmhonf/
]tdk...jrwfaumif;? od'¨d...om; b,fES,fvkyfwmvJ}
araru {nfhcef;qD tajy;a&mufvmjyD; jrwfaumif;vJusae&modkY

a&mufoGm;um tem;rSm xdkifcsvdkuf\/
]ym,f...aoG;awG? awmfawmfrsm;oGm;ovm; om;&,f...bmjzpfMuwmvJ}
araru jrwfaumif;\ESmacgif;ESifh yg;pyfrS aoG;wdkYudk vufz0g;jzifh

okwfay;jyD; ycHk;rSm zufí qGJxlygonf/
]bmrS rjzpfbl; tefwD...om;wdkY&efjzpfaeusyg? &w,f tefwD}
]aymm'Duav;udk tckwavm bmjzpfaerSef;rodygbl;? jrwfaumif;&,f...

tefwDawmif;yefygw,f}
xdkYaemuf ililMuD;&yfaeaom od'¨dtm; araru vSrf;ajym\/
]ymJhom;...pm;yGJay:u wpf&SL; puúLbl; ay;prf;}
pmrsufESm (267)
ol ray;yg/
aea&mifcefY\ t&dyfta,mifudkrSs rjrif&/ 'Dvl b,fa&mufaeovJ?

b,fa&mufaecJhwmvJ/
]jrwfaumif;...rif; xGufoGm;awmh]
olYa'goudk csKyfxdef;jyD; ESifrd\/
araru oludk,fwdkif puúLbl;udk vm,ljyD; od'¨dtm; pdwf&IyfaxG;aom

a'gojzifh MunfhoGm;onf/ xkdYaemuf jrwfaumif;tm; puúLjzifh aoG;okwfay;\/
jrwfaumif;u ararhvufxJrS puúLudk,ljyD; olYymmol okwfonf/ odkYaomf
ESmacgif;xJrS aoG;awG pdrfh,dkaeqJ/ olrMunfhcsifawmhojzifh rsufESmvTJypfvdkuf
rdonf/
]&w,f tefwD...&ygw,f]
]jrwfaumif;...rif; xGufoGm;awmhqdk? rMum;bl;vm;? rif;rsufESmudk

igrMunfhcsifbl;}
ol toHukef atmfympfaygufuJGrdonf/
]oGm;rSm oGm;rSm} jrwfaumif;u ajcvSrf;jyif\/ araru qGJwm;xm;

ygonf/
pmrsufESm (268)
]b,fhES,foGm;&rvJ...'DavmufaoG;xGufaewJh Opöm? aeOD;...vm 'DrSm

xdkifprf; jrwfaumif;? od'¨d...oGm;... a&cJav; ig;ck yvwfpwpftdwfeJY
oGm;xnfh,lcJhprf;}
]aeygap tefwD...uRefawmfjyefawmhr,f}
]rjyef&bl;}
araru cyfus,fus,f atmfvdkufjyD;aemuf od'¨dbufvSnfhMunhf\/

ararhrsuf0ef;awG a'gojzifh awmufyaecJhonf/
]od'¨d...a&cJoGm;,l...vdkYararajymaew,f}
od'¨donf pkyfwpfcsuf owfvkdufjyD; a'gowMuD; vSnfhxGufcJhonf/

tJonftcsdefrSmygyJ.../ tJonftcsdefrSmyJ rD;zdkxJu xGufvmaom aea&mifcefYESifh
rsufESmcsif;qdkifrdcJhonf/
t&ifwkef;u onfrsufESmudk ol cifrif&if;ESD;pGm MunfhcJhzl;onf/

tm;udk;pGm MunfhcJhzl;onf/ tHhMoav;pm;pGm MunfhcJhzl;onf/ ,cktcg
xdkrsufESmonf olYtwGuf rkef;wD;pufqkyfp&m jzpfcJhjyD/
]od'¨d...}
aea&mifcefYu cyfwdk;wdk;ac:\/ od'¨donf a'gorsufvHk;awGjzifh olYudk

cg;oD;rkef;wD;pGm Munfhvsuf ycHk;csif; wkdufypfcJh\/ wkdufvdkufaom t&Sdefjzifh
aea&mifcefYonf ab;odkY,dkifoGm;onf/
pmrsufESm (269)
ol rD;zdkcef;xJodkY ajcoHjyif;jyif;ESifh 0ifvmcJhonf/ a&cJaowÅmudk

zGifhvdkufjyD; tay:xyftat;cef;xJrS a&cJcGufuav; wpfck qGJxkwfvdkufonf/
xkdYaemuf a&cJaowudk 'dkif;ceJ t&Sdefjyif;pGm jyefydwfvdkuf\/ a&cJcGufudk vufjzifh
csdK;auG;vdkufaomtcg txJu a&cJwHk;av;awG cGuftHav;awGxJrS uRwfxGuf
vmonf/ yvwfpwpf.../ olYab; ywf0ef;usifrSm yvwfpwpf wpftdwfrSs r&Sdyg/
od'¨donf yef;uefpifay:rSm aygifrkefYxnfhonfhtdwfudk awGYoGm;onf/

tdwfxJrSm aygifrkefYav;ig;vTm usefao;\/ olaygifrkefYawG qGJxkwfjyD;
yvwfpwpf tdwftcGHudkom ,lvdkufonf/ yvwfpwpftdwfxJodkY a&cJwHk;
uav;awG tukef arSmufoGefxnfhvdkufonf/ xkdYaemuf tdwfudk vufjzifh
pkvdrfum udkifvsuf vSnfhxGufvdkufonf/
b,ftcsdefwkef;u olYaemufrSm a&mufaerSef;rodaom aea&mifcefYudk

eD;uyfpGm rsufESmcsif;qdkifvdkufrdygonf/
]od'¨d...cifAsm; bmjzpfoGm;w,fqdkwm uRefawmf em;vnfygw,f}
]aemufqkwf...}
ol atmfvdkuf\/ okdYaomf olYtoHonf tus,fMuD;xGufrvmbJ

wkd;wdwfpGm xGufvmcJhonf/
]uRefawmf cifAsm;udk &Sif;jycsifw,f}
pmrsufESm (270)
aea&mifcefY\rsufvHk;awGu awmif;yefaom rsufvHk;awG r[kwfcJh/

pl;pdkufaom wnfjidrfaom rsufvHk;awGom jzpfonf/ EIwfcrf;awGu cyfwif;wif;
aphxm;onf/
]bmrS vm&Sif;jyraeeJY? cifAsm; tckxGufoGm;awmh}
xkdYaemuf tJonfrsufvHk;awG\ ydkifpdk;ydkifeif;edkifrIudk ol rkef;wD;vm

cJhonf/ EIwfcrf;awG\ usL;ausmfrIudk olrkef;wD;vmcJhonf/
xdktcsdefrSmyif aea&mifcefY\ vufwpfzufu olYb,fbufycHk;ay:odkY

vmxdudkifvdkufonf/ tJonfrSm olYcsKyfwnf;rIawG tukefvGifhxGufukefawmhonf/
od'¨donf vufxJrSm pkudkifxm;aom a&cJtdwfjzifh aea&mifcefY\rsufESmudk

tm;ukefvTJ&dkufcsypfvdkufygonf/
rmausmonfh a&cJawGESifh rsufESmxdrdoGm;&mrS azsmif;ceJ jrnfonfh

us,favmifaom xdcwfoH? a&cJawG yvwfpwpftdwfxJrS uGJaMuoGm;onfh
tufuGJoH.../ aea&mifcefY\ nnf;wGm;oH? od'¨d\a'gowMuD; touf&SLoH.../
toHtm;vHk;onf puúefY ydkif;twGif; a&m,Sufum yJhwifxyfoGm;\/
ol owdxm;rdonfhtcsdefwGif aea&mifcefY\ EIwfcrf;wpf0dkufrSm aoG;awG

wpdrfhpdrfh ,dkpD;jzmqif;aecJhjyD/ aea&mifcefYu aemufodkY,dkifvsuf pm;yGJudk
vufaxmuf rSDxm;cJhjyD/
thHMop&maumif;onfu 'Dvl\rsufESmrSm tjyHK;wpfck&Sdaejcif;yJ jzpfonf/

emusifaom tjyHK;vm;? odkYr[kwf cGifhvTwfygonf [laom tjyHK;rsdK;vm;/
pmrsufESm (271)
od'¨donf xdktjyHK;aMumifh cg;oufpGm cHpm;vdkuf&\/
aea&mifcefY\EIwfcrf;rS ,dkusaeaom aoG;wdkYonf vufcHkay:odkY

usoGm;onf/ xkdaoG;wdkYudk aea&mifcefYu pdkufMunfhaepOfrSm od'¨duvnf;
xdkaoG;wdkYudk ai;Munfhaerdonf/ aemufxyfaoG;wpfpuf... yxraoG;pufay:odkY
usoGm;onf/ aoG;pufESpfpufaygif;onf vufcHkrS ta&jym;twdkif; vdrfhqif;usvk
qJqJ.../ aemufxyf aoG;wpfpuf.../
od'¨d MunfhaepOfrSmyif aea&mifcefYonf olYvufcHkudk EIwfcrf;qDodkY

yifh,lvsuf vufcHkay:rS aoG;wdkYudk pkyf,lvdkufygonf/ xdkEIwfcrf;awGuvnf;
aoG;tvdrf;vdrf;/ odkYaomf azsmhawmhpGm jyHK;aeMuonf/
xdkjrifuGif;udk jrifvkdufaomtcg od'¨d&ifrSm qlyGwfaeonfh a'goaw

awmfawmfrsm;rsm; jyefvnf jidrfoufoGm;Muonf/ olY b0rSm wpfpHkwpfa,mufudk
aoG;xGufoH,dk jzpfatmif wpfcgrSs rvkyfcJhzl;yg/
od'¨donf a&cJtdwfudk wif;wif;qkyfvsuf {nfhcef;odkYxGufvmcJhygonf/
{nfhcef;rsm jrwfaumif;r&Sdawmhyg/ ararwpfa,mufwnf;om avSum;

tqif;wHcg;udk ydwfaecJhonf/
]arar...}
olYudk vSnhfMunfhvdkufaom ararhrsuf0ef;rSm rsuf&nfpawGESifh/ od'¨donf

a&cJtdwfudk vTwfcsvdkufjyD; ararhqD wdk;uyfoGm;vdkuf\/
pmrsufESm (272)
araru olYtm; vSrf;MudKayGYzufvdkufonf/ od'¨donf tenf;i,f

qkwfuefuefpdwfjzifhyif ararhtm; tomt,m jyefzufxm;vdkufrdonf/
om;trd jidrfoufpGm &yfaecdkufrSm ajcoHwpfck Mum;&onf/ cyfzGzG

eif;vmaom? odkYaomf wGefYqkwfrIr&Sdaom ajcoH jzpfonf/ ol vSnfhrMunfhyg/
araruawmh vSnfhMunfhonf/ ararhrsuf0ef;rSm pdk;&drfwkefvIyfrI topfwpfck
awGYvdkuf&\/ odkYaomf csufcsif;yif rsufESmudk jyifum jyHK;jyvsuf acgif;ndwfjy
vdkufonf/
tem;&Sd qdkzmay:rS tdwfudk qGJ,lvdkufoH/ aemufjyD; wHcg;qD

jyefavSsmufoGm;onfh ajcoH/ olYrsufvHk;\ ab;jrifuGif;qDrSm aea&mifcefY\
oP³mefudk tjzLwpf0uf trnf;wpf0ufjzifh cyf&dyf&dyf jrif&onf/ xkdYaemuf
wHcg;vufudkif vSnfhzGifhoH/
xkdYaemuf...aea&mifcefYonf olwdkYom;trdb0xJrS tjyD;tydkif xGufoGm;

ygapawmh[k oljyif;jypGm qE´jyKrdygonf/
pmrsufESm (273)
(20)
av;q,fhckepf&ufajrmufaeY.../
tdyfrufawGuaeyJ od&wJhv
'DnrSm jrihfjrifh ]om} aew,f/
(Paul Farley)
onfaeYnae abmufqif tm;upm;cef;okdYroGm;awmhbl;[k ol

qHk;jzwfxm;onf/ roGm;onfh taMumif;jycsufuvnf; wpfckwnf;/
jrwfaumif;udk rsufESmylaeaomaMumifh jzpfygonf/
odkYaomf abmf'DuJ&fodkY oGm;aeustcsdef ywf0ef;usifavmufwGif

jrwfaumif; a&mufvmcJhygonf/ tdrfa&SYrS ymGef;oH wpfcsuf&Snf&Snf
Mum;vdkuf&awmh nae 3 em&D rdepf 40/ jrwfaumif;\ymGef;oHrSef; ol csufcsif;
odvdkufonf/ pdwfrSwfrJhyif cgwdkif;vdk 0&efwmwHcg;zGifhvsuf 0&efwmrS
iHkYMunfhvdkufonf/
jrwfaumif;.../
pmrsufESm (274)
um;xJrS rxGufbJ um;rSefudk csxm;jyD; ymGef;wD;vdkufjcif; jzpfonf/

tay:xyfodkYvnf; armhrMunfhyg/ um;a&SYrSef wnfhwnfhudkom Munfhaeonf/ ol
Munfhaewkef;rSmyJ aemufymGef;oH wpfcsuf xyfwD;jyef\/ tay:awmh vHk;0
armhrMunfh/
ol jyHK;rdoGm;onf/ jrwfaumif; pdwfqdk;rajyao;bl;/
xdkYaemuf olonf jrwfaumif;Mum;avmufatmif 0&efwmwHcg;udk

tus,fMuD; aqmifhydwfvdkuf\/ xdkYaemuf aomhwpfpHk jzKwf,lum tdrfae&if;
t0wftpm;jzifhyif ausmydk;tdwf aumufqGJ,lvdkufjyD; tcef;rS xGufvmcJhonf/
tcef;jyifu oHyef;wHcg;aomhcwfaepOfrSm ymGef;oHaemufwpfcsuf Mum;&jyefonf/
ol uaomuarsm ajy;qif;vmcJh\/
jrwfaumif;onf ajy;xGufvmaom zdeyfoHudk Mum;awmhvnf;

vSnfhrMunfhyg/
]vmjyDuG} [k ol atmfajymvdkufonf/
um;xJ 0ifxdkifxdkifcsif; wHcg;rS aumif;aumif; rydwf&ao;rD um;u

bD;vdrfhoGm;onf/ jrwfaumif; rsufESmudk ol Munfhrdawmh ESmacgif;xdyfem;rSm
yvwfpwmwpfck? b,fbufyg;apmif;rSm ndKjymjym aoG;jcnfOonfh tuGufwpfck/
rsufESmu plykwfaeonf/ ol oem;tm;emaeonfhMum;uyif &,fcsifoGm;ygonf/
]ig rif;udk zkef;qufrvdkYbJuG}
]bmvdkYrqufvJ csD;rSyJ}
pmrsufESm (275)
]tck awGYjyDyJuG}
]tckawGYwm igvmvdkYav}
jrwfaumif;u a'gojzifh vSnfhMunfhum atmf\/
taemf&xm;vrf;bufodkYb,fcsdK;jyD; 0ifvdkufaomtcg vrf;jzwful;aom

vlwpfa,muftm; yGwfqGJrdawmhrvdk oDoDav; vdkawmhonf/ ol &ifwkefoGm;\/
jrwfaumif; a'goMuD;aeqJ jzpfonf/ ol awmif;yefrS jzpfrnf/
]raeYu udpöudk igawmif;yefw,fuGm}
]aMom...igvmrSyJ awmif;yefwm igbmvkyf&rSmvJuG}
jrwfaumif;u pwD,m&ifudk vufESpfzufjzifh cyfqwfqwf xkjyD;

cyfwdk;wdk; atmfonf/
]ym...rif;u igtvmudkrS rapmifhbJ} [k od'¨djyefatmfvdkuf\/
]aoprf;yguGm...aoprf;yg}
jrwfaumif;u pwD,m&ifudk vufwpfzufwnf;ESifh xdef;jyD;

vufwpfzufjzifh xkaeonf/
]raeYu...raeYu ig wu,fxdk;vkdufwmu rif; r[kwfygbl;uGm}
]bmuG}
pmrsufESm (276)
jrwfaumif;u rsufvHk;jyL;vsuf vSnfhMunfhonf/
]emvdkufwmuawmh iguG...ig}
]aqm&D;...}
]csD;yJ...csD;yJ}
xdkifcHkrSm zifhaqmifhí jrwfaumif;atmfympfae\/ od'¨donf

jrwfaumif;tm; b,fvdkawmif;yef&ygrvJ[k tMuHxkwfaeonf/ bmtMuHrS
rxGufyg/ um;u ql;avbk&m;vrf;rMuD;bufodkYauGYvdkufjyD;jyD/
]aymhaumif...igawmif;yefaew,fuGm? pdwfqdk;ajyawmh}
]rajybl;uG? rajyawmh rif;u bmvkyfcsifvJ? rauseyf&ifqif;oGm;}
od'¨donf tMuHwpfck &oGm;\/ npfus,fus,f wpfcsufjyHK;um

ukd,fudkudkif;vsuf jrwfaumif;tem;odkYwdk;vdkufonf/ jrwfaumif;u
r,HkouFmjzifh rsufpdapGMunfh\/
]bmvkyfwmvJ aymhaumif}
]rif;pdwfaumufaewm aumifrav;wpfa,mufeJYwlw,fuG? 'Dawmh igu

rif;udk...}
]aymhaumif...}
pmrsufESm (277)
od'¨du jrwfaumif;\ tndKtrnf;pGJaeaom yg;jyifae&mudk EIwfcrf;ESifh

qwfceJ xdvkdufaomtcg jrwfaumif;u ykwfxkwfypfvdkufavonf/ vufudkif
rjidrfrouf jzpfum ab;u um;ESifh yl;uyfoGm;ojzifh um;armif;olu
a'gowMuD; MunfhoGm;\/
]zGD...zGD}[k jrwfaumif;u olYyg;ol yGwfoyfz,fae\/
]pdwfqkd;ajy&JYvm; aymhaumif}
ol jcdrf;ajcmufonfhavoHjzifh ar;awmh jrwfaumif; bkMunfhMunfh\/
]bmpdwfqdk;ajy&rSmvJ? igvkyfrS rif;emr,faem}
xdkYaemuf ESpfa,mufom; wymm;ymm; atmf&,frdMuygonf/
abmufqifcsdef jyD;cgeD;rSm rarSsmfvifholwpfa,muf cef;rxJodkY

0ifvmcJhonf/
upfupfjzpfygonf/
uHqdk;csifawmh od'¨donf 0gvJhESifhtwl oJtdwfwpftdwfwnf; a&SYrSm

&SdaecJhonf/ oJtdwfudk od'¨du qGJzufxm;jyD; 0gvJhu oJtdwfudk rxdk;bJ
od'¨d\rsufESmudk wrifacsmfíxdk;vdkuf\/
]atmifrav;As} [k olwu,frembJ atmfvdkufjyD; Murf;jyifay:

aemufjyefyufvuf vJusypfvkdufygonf/ 0gvJhu tpdk;&drfvGefoGm;um
pmrsufESm (278)
q&mqlrSmvnf; aMumufoGm;ojzifh od'¨dab;odkY uysmu,m 'l;axmufxdkifcs

vdkufonf/
]emoGm;vm;ymif od'¨d...emoGm;vm;}
olYvufarmif;wpfzufudk vmxdaom vufa0SYtdwfpGyfvufuav;

wpfzuftm; oltm;jyKqGJjyD; &,farm&if; rwfwyf&yfvdkuf\/xdktcgusrS
wHcg;ab;rSm awmifhawmifhav; &yfMunfhaeaom upfupfudk oljrifoGm;ygonf/
oGm;jyD.../ olYwpfudk,fvHk; acgif;uae ajczsm;txd xlyloGm;ygonf/
&ufyfoDcsif;\ *DwoHu w'kef;'kef;us,favmifpGm pnf;csufvdkufaepOf

olYESvHk;ckefoHuvnf; w'kef;'kef; jrnfymnf;um wkefcgaeonf/
upfupf\ rsufESmav; tenf;i,f ndI;EGrf;oGm;wm jrifawmh ol bmrS

pOf;pm;raeedkifawmhyg/
]upfupf...}
ol upfupfqDodkY tajy;a&mufoGm;aomtcsdefusrS cyfvSrf;vSrf;u

jrwfaumif;u jrifoGm;onf/
]od'¨d...od'¨dajymawmh a*:ZDvm&Sdw,fqdk...}
upfupfu rJhauG;aeaom EIwfcrf;av;udk tm;,ljyHK;vsuf

toHwkefwkefjzifh atmfar;onf/
]ymdk...tJ...a*:ZDvm}
pmrsufESm (279)
]wdkYrvmapcsifwm bmaMumifhvJqdkwm tckrSyJ odawmhw,f}
]ymm...r[kwfbl; upfupf? r[kwfbl;}
ol vufum;&m; ajcum;&m; uaomuarsm wm;rdonf/
]wdkYudk bmrSnmp&m rvdkygbl;? bmnmp&m&SdvdkYvJ? od'¨deJY wdkYeJYu

oli,fcsif;awGav? oli,fcsif;qdkwm udk,fholi,fcsif; b,foleJYyJ aysmf&Tifaewm
jrif&jrif& aysmfMuwmcsnf;yJ? tckvJ wdkYaysmfwmygyJ}
aysmfwmygyJ [laom pum;tqHk;rSm upfupf\ rsuf0ef;jyifawGxJ

rsuf&nfawG csufcsif;pdrfhtdkifvm\/ xdkYaemuf upfupf vSnfhxGufzdkYjyifonf/
od'¨donf &kwfw&uf xdcdkufoGm;aom emusifylavmifrIjzifh upfupfa&SYrS

jAKef;ceJ ydwf&yfvkdufrd\/
]upfupf...cPav; upfupf...aeygOD;}
od'¨donf vufa0SYtdwfazmif;azmif;MuD;awGjzifh upfupfvufarmif;udk

udk;&dk;um;&m; qkyfudkifxm;rdjyD;rS vufjyef&kyfvkduf&\/ xkdYaemuf nmbuf
vuftdwfpGyfonfh MudK;udk b,fbufvufESifh oGm;wdkYtultnDjzifh
qGJajzae&onf/
]wdkYjyefawmhr,f} upfupfu wHcg;zGifh&ef vufudkifudk vSnfhvdkuf\/
]upfupf...} ol upfupf\ vufay:rSaeí wHcg;vufudkifudk

qkyfxm;vdkufonf/
pmrsufESm (280)
]rvdkufcJheJY? tjyifrSm...um;xJrSm azazapmifhaew,f}
'ku©ygbJ/ upfupf\ rsufawmifzsm;rS rsuf&nfwpfpuf

vGifhpOfoGm;onfudk oljrifjzpfatmif jrifvdkuf\/
]upfupf&,f... wkdYajymwm em;axmifygOD;? oleJYwdkYeJYu bmrSrqkdifwJh

oli,fcsif;awGyg? oli,fcsif;awmifrS jzpfwm b,favmufrS rMumao;wJh
oli,fcsif;awGyg? upfupf txifrvGJeJY? upfupfurS...}
upfupf\ ezl;ajymifajymifav; wGefYauG;oGm;atmif upfupf rsufcHk;&IHU

ypfvkdufygonf/
]upfupfurS...}
upfupf\ rsufvHk;av;awG jyL;us,f0dkif;pufae\/ rsufawmifaumhav;

awGonf tMumMuD; jidrfaejyD;rS zswfceJ zswfceJ ESpfcg cwfvdkufonf/
olonf wHawG;wpfcsuf eifoGm;onfudk tm;wif;í rsdKcsvdkufonf/
wpfcsdefcsdefrSm upfupfudk olcspfrdoGm;rSmvm;[k cPcP pdk;&drfcJh&zl;\/

wpfcsdefcsdefrSm tcspf[laom pum;vHk;udk wpfa,mufa,muftwGuf olYEIwfzsm;rS
a&&Gwfrdavrvm;[k pdwful;,OfMunfhcJhzl;\/ okdYaomf xdktcsdefonf eufjyma&mif
aumif;uifrSm Mu,fav;awG wzswfzswf awmufyaeonfh tcsdefrsdK;? uefa&jyif
pdrf;vJhvJhESifh jrufcif;ekek\ vwfqwfaom &eHYudk cHpm;ae&csdefrsdK;? wdwfqdwfpGm
&ifckefpGm aumif;aom tcsdefrsdK; jzpfcsifonf/
pmrsufESm (281)
odkYaomf ,ckawmh olcHpm;vdkYr&onfh *DwoH w'kef;'kef;atmufrSm?

vlq,fhav;ig;a,muf\ rsufvHk;awGatmufrSm ol pum;wpfcGef;ajymrdoGm;onf/
*DwoHudk vTrf;oGm;atmif cyfus,fus,f atmfajymvdkuf&jcif; jzpfygonf/
]upfupfudkyJ...}
olatmfajymonfhtcdkufrSm *DwoHu jAKef;ceJ &yfoGm;\/
xdktcg &kwfw&uf wdwfqdwfoGm;aom tcef;xJrSm olYtoHonf

tus,fMuD;jzpfoGm;ygonf/
]wdkYcspfwm]
olonf olYtoHol tJvdk tus,fMuD; xGufvmrnf[k rarSsmfvifhcJhojzifh

wkefoGm;\/ aemufbufrS &,foHwcsdKUMum;&onf/ upfupffrsufESmav;
eDjref;oGm;onf/ ymm...oGm;jyD/
]ymif...od'¨duvJ}
xkdYaemuf upfupf wHcg;zGifhjyD; xGufajy;oGm;ygonf/
tcef;bufodkY oljyefvSnfhvdkufawmh upm;azmftm;vHk; olYtm;

jyHK;aphaphjzifh 0dkif;MunfhaeMuonfudk &ifqdkifvkduf&onf/
olYwpfudk,fvHk; xlylaevdkYvm;rod? oljrif&onfhrsufESmawG tm;vHk;

0g;jyD; wnDwnf;jzpfaeonf/ b,folYrsufESmudkrS oJoJuGJuGJ rjrif&awmhyg/
pmrsufESm (282)
olYtwGuf avmuMuD;wpfckvHk; 0g;aeonf/ ol oJoJuGJuGJ

jrifae&onfu upfupf\ &SufjyHK;rsuf0ef;av;awG jzpfonf/
pmrsufESm (283)
(21)
ig;q,fhwpf&ufajrmufaeY.../
qHk;&SHK;&jcif; tekynmymm
wpfzufurf;cwf uRrf;usifzkdYrcufcJvSygbl;/
(Elizabeth Bishop)
yGJMunfhy&dowfawG awmfawmfpJoGm;jyD/
{nfhcHcef;rrS atmufxyfodkYtqif; avSum;ay:rSm vuf&ef;udk rSDvsuf

od'¨dESifh upfupf rwfwyf&yf pum;ajym&if; usefaecJhonf/ upfupf\ tdrfrS
vmMudKrnfh um;udk apmifhaeMucdkufrdkY olwdkYESpfa,muf pum;ajym&wm
pdwfrajzmifhyg/ rSefwHcg;MuD;\ wpfzufrSm vSrf;jrifae&aom ymdkw,fa&SU
um;&yfuGufvyfqDodkY a&mufvmaom um;rsm;udk tm&HkpdkufjyD; vSrf;vSrf;Munfh
aeMu&onf/
upfupfu tay:avSum;wpfxpfrSm rwfwyf&yfjyD; od'¨du

atmufwpfxpfrSm rwfwyf&yfaeonfrdkY olwdkYESpfa,muf\ t&yfcsif; twlwl
jzpfaeMuonf/ od'¨du avSum;udk cyfapmif;apmif; aemufausmay;rSDvsuf
upfupf\ rsufESmav;udk cyfqq MunfhjyD; pum;wpfcGef;udk ajymoifh rajymoifh
pmrsufESm (284)
csdefqaerd\/ ol upfupfudk awGYcsifaeao;onf/ awmif;vnf; rawmif;qdkoifh

[kolxifonf/ aeYv,f oHk;em&DrS naeig;em&Dtxd olonf upfupfudk eD;uyfpGm
apmifhMunfhcJh&jyD;jyD/ wpfcgwpfcg pum;ajymcGifh&onf/ wpfcgwpfcg ab;u
y&dowfrodatmif tMunfhcsif;qHkum jyHK;jyMunfEl;cGifh&onf/
odkYaomf olwdkYESpfa,muf\naecif; r[kwfao;yg/
upfupfu tjyifbufodkYwpfcsufvSrf;arSsmfMunfhjyefonf/ xdkYaemuf

vuf&ef;ay:rSm wifxm;aom od'¨d\vufudk tomqkyfudkifvdkuf\/
]od'¨d...reufjzef abmf'DuJ&fudk wkdYvdkufcJhr,faemf}
]rvdkufygeJYupfupf&,f}
]ymif...}
upfupf pdwfrMunfovdkyif nnf;nLvsuf rsufarSmif wGefYcsdK;

oGm;ygonf/
]vlawGu b,fvdkxifrvJ upfupf&JY}
]b,fvdkxifxif}
EIwfcrf;av;plvsuf rlEGJYEGJYajymvdkufaom upfupfukdMunfhjyD; ol

tonf;,m; oGm;\/ upfupf\ yg;rdkYrdkYav;udk zGzGzspfnSpf ypfvdkufcsifonf/
odkYaomf od'¨d\vufwkdYudk wpfckcku xdef;csKyfxm;cJhovdkyJ/ ymdkpOfwkef;u olESifh
upfupf oli,fcsif; tjzpfESifhu ,ckxufydkjyD; &if;ESD;vGwfvyfao;onf[k
pmrsufESm (285)
xifonf/ ol upfupfvufarmif;udk vufoD;jzifh xdk;csifxdk;rnf/ upfupf

rsufvHk;udk aemufbufrSm&yfvsuf vufESifhtkyfum ydwfcsifydwfrnf/ ,cktcg
olonf ae&if;xdkif&if; &ifwvSyfvSyf ckefum raewwf rxkdifwwf jzpfaeonf/
]'Dvdkvkyf... wdkYeJYtwl abmufqifvdkufupm;? 'gqdk upfupf aeYwkdif;

vdkufvdkY&w,f}
]rupm;ygbl;? vufarmif;awG &kyfqdk;ukefrSmaygh}
]tckawmh vufarmif;u vSvdkYvm;}
]vSw,fav}
]b,folajymvJ}
]ymif...od'¨daemf}
upfupf EIwfcrf;av; pljyefjyD/
od'¨d rcsifhr&J jzpfoGm;um upfupf EIwfcrf;udk olYvufzsm;jzifh

xduyfvdkufjyD; xdkvufzsm;udk jyef,lum olY EIwfcrf;awGESifh xdjyD;
pkyferf;vkdufavonf/ upfupf &Sufpekd;&,fum wpfzufodkY rsufESmvTJvdkuf\/
upfupf\ rsufvHk;av;awG jyL;us,foGm;onf/ ol aemufbufodkY

vSrf;Munfhvdkufonfhtcg ol rMunfhcsifaom rsufESmwpfckudk jrifvdkuf&avonf/
olYwpfudk,fvHk; awmifhwif;oGm;\/
pmrsufESm (286)
]t,f... udkudk}
upfupfavSum;udk uref;uwef; ajy;qif;oGm;onf/ oluawmh

&kwfw&uf avSum;ay:rSmyJ &yfusefcJhrd\/ aea&mifcefYudk þae&m þtcsdefrSm
awGY&vdrfhrnf[k olarSsmfvifhrxm;cJhyg/
]azazvmr,f xifaewm}
upfupfu pkd;&GHYpGm vIyfcwfaom toHav;jzifh wkd;wdk;av; ajymonf/

aea&mifcefY\ rsufvHk;rsm;onf upfupfxHwGif r&Sdyg/ od'¨dtm; vSrf;Munfh
aecJhonf/ aea&mifcefY\ tay:EIwfcrf; b,fbufpGef;qDrS temusufcgp
r&ef;a&mif tufuGJ'Pf&m wpfckudk oljrifawGY&onf/ xdk'Pf&mudk awGYawmh ol
cyfaxhaxh jyHK;rdoGm;onf/
]azazu aoG;enf;enf;wdk;jyD; rl;aevdkYighudk MudKcdkif;vdkufwm? oGm;ESifY...

um;xJu apmifhae}
rjyHK;r&,fajymaeaom aea&mifcefY\pum;oHonf trdefYwpfckESifh

wlonf/ upfupfonf &kwfw&uf acgif;av;iHkYum vSnfhxGufoGm;\/ rSefwHcg;udk
wGef;zGifhjyD; tjyifa&mufrS od'¨d&Sd&modkYvSrf;Munfhum vufjyavonf/ tu,fíom
od'¨da&SUü &Sdolonf upfupf tazjzpfvSsif od'¨d tomrsufvTmcsjyD; aerdaumif;
aerdvdrfhrnf/ aea&mifcefYjzpfaeaomtcg upfupftm; jyHK;vsuf vufjyefjyvdkuf
rdawmhonf/
pmrsufESm (287)
aea&mifcefY xGufvdkufoGm;rvm;[k ol apmifhaeaomfvnf; xGufroGm;bJ

&yfae\/ xkdYaMumifh ol avSum;rS cyfwnfwnfyJ qif;vmcJhonf/ ycHk;csif;
xdvkqJqJ eD;uyfonfh taetxm;jzifh olab;u jzwfavSsmufvmonfhtcg
aea&mifcefYu vufwm;\/ ol wHkYceJ &yfoGm;onf/
]od'¨d...}
xkdtoHonf yHkrSeftaetxm;toHwpfckawmh r[kwfyg/ tenf;i,f

vIyfcwfwkef,if aecJhonf/ a'goaMumifhvm;? &Suf&GHY rIaMumifhvm; rodyg/
rsufESmxm;uawmh cefYrSef;&cufatmifyif wnfwHhaecJhonf/
]bmoabmvJ od'¨d}
]bmudk ajymwmvJ}
od'¨davoHuawmh enf;enf;rmausmygonf/
}uRefawmfhudk vufpm;acscsifwmvm;? tJ'Dvkdvkyf&if ausoGm;r,fvdkY

wGufwmvm;}
rarSsmfvifhaom pum;wpfcGef;jzpfonf/ aea&mifcefY rsufESmudk ol

aphaphMunfh rd\/
]bmajymw,f...}
]uRefawmf cifAsm; epfematmif bmwpfckrS rvkyfcJhrdygbl;? vkyfcJhrdw,f

qdkOD;awmh upfupfymm uRefawmfrS r[kwfbJ}
pmrsufESm (288)
ol a'gyGoGm;ygonf/ olYudk b,fvdkvlpm;rsdK; rSwfaeovJ rod/
]bmawG ajymaewmvJ}
]vufpm;acsr,fqdkwJh tjrifeJY vdkufMunfh&if t&m&mymm

rSm;oGm;edkifw,fvdkY ajymaewm}
xdkpum;onf olY&ifxJodkYjrm;wpfpif;vdkyif pl;epfpGm xdk;azmufoGm;cJhonf/

&ifxJrSm emusifaom a0'emESifhtwl ylavmifjyif;jyrIudkyg cHpm;vdkuf&onf/
vufpm;acszdkYqdkwm b,fwkef;urS olYb0rSm r&SdcJh/ pdwfysufcg;oufpGmyif
aea&mifcefYudk wGef;wdkufvsuf xGufrdonf/ aea&mifcefYu wpfcGef;vSrf;ajym\/
]aemufjyD; avmurSm vufpm;acsvdkY rausedkifwJh t&IH;awG trsm;MuD;yJ

&Sdw,f od'¨d}
ol rSefwHcg;udk a'gowMuD; wGef;zGifhvsuf xGufvmcJhygonf/
wpfnaevHk; aea&mifcefY\ pum;awGudk wEHkYEHkYa'goxGufaerdcJhonf/
vufpm;acsjcif;/
olYtod OD;aESmufxJrSma&m ESvHk;om;xJrSma&m vufpm;acsjcif;[laom

pdwful;tawG;rsdK; wpfcgrS ray:cJhrdygbl;[k olatmfympfaygufuGJvdkufcsif\/
upfupfESifh ol oli,fcsif;b0jzifh av;ESpfavmuf oHa,mZOfawG wG,fcJhjyD;cgrS
wpf&ufwnf;ESifh olYbufu ESvHk;om;awG jAKef;ceJ ajymif;vJoGm;&onfh
udpöudkawmh oludk,fwkdifyif udk,fhudk,fudk em;rvnfedkifao;ay/
pmrsufESm (289)
,ckjyefpOf;pm;Munfhawmh xl;awmh xl;qef;aeonf/
t*FgaeYrSm aea&mifcefYudk a&cJtdwfjzifh rsufESmudk &dkufxnfhcJhonf/

Ak'¨[l;aeYrSm upfupftay: ol csufcsif;MuD; pdwfuRHoGm;onf/ tJ'gbmaMumifhvJ...
bmaMumifh onfavmufjrefjref ajymif;vJoGm;&wmvJ/
olY&ifxJrSm av;vHpGm ydusyfvsuf qdkYeifhvmcJhonf/ xkdpGyfpGJrIMuD;tay:

aMumufvnf; aMumufaecJhonf/
bmaMumifhrSef; rodayr,fh tJ'gaMumifhawmh r[kwfygbl;/

wpfa,mufa,muftm; ajz&Sif;jycsifaeygonf/
pmoifonfhae&mrSmvnf; onfuaeYtqifrajyyg/
olwdkYpmoifae&monf {nfhcef;xJrSm jzpfjyD; ausmif;om;\ tazu

cyfvSrf;vSrf;rSm &kyfjrifoHMum;udk Munfhaeonf/ ausmif;om;\ tm&Hku
olavhvm&rnfh pmxJrSm r&Sd/ &kyfjrifoHMum;qDrS w&kwfpum;ajymoHrsm;\
qGJaqmifrIaemufodkY ygygoGm;onf/ w&kwfum;udk ol tm&Hka&mufa&muf
oGm;onf/
wu,fqkdvSsif ausmif;om; pmusuf&mae&monf &kyfjrifoHMum;\

qGJaqmifrIrS uif;vGwfaom ae&mwpfck jzpfoifhonf/ tJonfudk
pDpOfray;edkifbl;qdkvSsif b,folrS tJ'D&kyfjrifoHMum;udk rMunfhMuESifh/
rMunhfbJvnf; raeedkifbl;qdkvSsif toHudk wwfedkiforSs wdk;wdk;av;avSsmhjyD;
Munfhaygh[k olcHpm;rdonf/
pmrsufESm (290)
ymdkpOfuawmh olMudK;pm;í pmoif&Sif;jyay;cJhonfcsnf;yJ jzpfonf/

,cktcg ol onf;nnf;rcHedkifawmhyg/
]OD;av w&kwfpum;em;vnfovm;} [k ar;vdkuf\/ xkdol w&kwfpum;

em;rvnfyg/
]'gjzifh toHudk avSsmhjyD; Munfhygvm; OD;av;? 'DrSmausmif;om;u tJ'DxJ

pdwfa&mufa&mufaew,f? wDAGDxJ pdwfa&mufaewJh ausmif;om;wpfa,mufudk
uRefawmfb,fvdkvkyfjyD; pm&Sif;jyvdkY&rvJ}
rMudKufcsif;vnf;ae? oluawmh ausmif;om;\tcGifhta&;twGuf

wdkuf,lay;&ef MudK;pm;ay;cJhrdjyD/
rdbawG udk,fhom;orD;\ynma&;tay: tav;xm; *&kpkdufrIay;onf

[laom owfrSwfcsufudk ol oHo,0ifrd\/ pmusufvrf;nTefwpfa,mufudk
ydkufqHay;jyD; iSm;xm;ay;&HkESifh ausmif;om;\ynma&;udk yHhydk;ay;jyD;jyD[k ol
vufrcHekdifyg/ jrSLqG,fjzm;a,mifrIrsm;ESifh wwfedkiforSs a0;atmif pDpOfae&mcs
ay;zdkYvnf; vdktyfonf[k ol xifygonf/ ausmif;om;u xdkjzm;a,mif;rIawGESifh
uif;atmifaeedkifvSsifawmh jyóemr&Sd/ (tJonfvdk ausmif;om;rsdK;uvnf;
&Sm;ygonf) ausmif;om;u pdwfrcdkifvSsifawmh onftcsufudk vlMuD;awG
xnfhpOf;pm;ay;jyD; wpfckck pDpOfay;oifhonf/
oltdrfjyefa&mufonfhtcg n&Spfem&DcGJawmhrnf/ onfaeY um;,lroGm;

aomaMumifh ol tdrfjyefaemufusygonf/
pmrsufESm (291)
ararvnf; tdrfjyefaemufusae\/ arar tdrfjyefra&mufao;yg/
tdrfay:odkYwufvmaom olYajcvSrf;awG av;vHaecJhonf/ arar

tdrfjyefaemufuswm oHk;av;&ufavmuf&SdjyD[k olawG;rdaomaMumifh jzpfonf/
t*FgaeYu aea&mifcefYudk ol&dkufjyD;uwnf;u nawGnawGrSm arar

tdrfjyefaemufusaecJhonf/ Ak'¨[kl;? Mumoyaw;? aomMum? pae? onfaeYeJY
qdkvSsif ig;&uf&SdjyD/
e*dkurS rdom;pkESpfa,mufwnf; usefaeaom tdrfonf ,cktcg ydkí

at;pufjidrfoufaecJhjyD/
olonf ausmydk;tdwfudk tcef;xJ 0ifxm;vdkufjyD;aemuf rD;zdkxJodkY

0ifvmcJhonf/ pm;yGJay:u tkyfaqmif;ukd vSyfMunfhvdkufaomtcg
olYvufoD;avmuf &Sdonfh Muufom;uif oHk;wHk;udk awGY&onf/ aemufjyD;
tpdrf;aMumfvm;? t&GufjyKwfvm; odyfruGJjym;aom rkefnif;ymif;wpfcGuf
usefwmawGu taMumftavSmfawGcsnf;yJ jzpfonf/ tmvl;aMumfu wpfykvif;?
ig;ydqDaMumfu wpfykvif;? qdwfom;rSsifaMumfu wpfykvif;? ig;ydqDaMumfu
upfupfaMumfay;xm;onfh ykvif; jzpfygonf/
olonf xrif;qmvSjyD/ okdYaomf ararhudk apmifhcsifae\/ odkYaomf

ararpm;cJhjyD;om; jyefvmrSm aocsmygonf/
jyD;cJhonfh nOD;ydkif;awGrSm arar b,fae&m a&mufaecJhovJ[k

olrar;cJhyg/
pmrsufESm (292)
ararESifhol aumif;aumif;vnf; rsufESmcsif;rqdkifjzpfMuyg/ eHeuftapm

ckepfem&DtdrfrS olxGufcsdefwGif arar redk;ao;/ oltdrfwpfacgufjyef0ifvmaom
q,fem&Dywf0ef;usifrSm arartdrfrS xGufoGm;cJhjyD/ ol tdrfrS xGufonfh oHk;em&DcGJ
ywf0ef;usifrSm arar r*¾Zif;wdkufrS jyefra&mufao;? oljyefa&mufvmonfh
n&Spfem&DcGJxd arar jyefra&mufao;yg/
olonf xrif;udk enf;enf;? Muufom;uifudk rsm;rsm; pm;vdkufonf/
upfupf\ ig;ydqDaMumfudk ol tvGefMudKufygonf/ upfupf\

ig;ydqDaMumfudk ZGef;jzifh cyfxnfhpm;&if; upfupfudk pdwfyloGm;onf/ upfupfudk
aea&mifcefY qlylrmefrJrnfvm;? bmawGtrdefYcsrSwfOD;rSmvJ/ vufpm;acsjcif;?
rausjcif;/ olwpfcgrS todpdwfjzifh rpOf;pm;cJhzl;aom pdwful;awGudk 'Dvlb,fu
&ovJ/ 'Dpdwful;awG 'DvlYxHrSm e*dkwnf;u &SdcJhwmvm;/ 'Dvlymm b,fvdk
vlpm;rsdK;vJ/
wu,fawmh olwdkYom;trdonf 'Dvludk odwm ESpfvyif rjynfhao;ay/
avmuMuD;rSm vufpm;acsvdkYrauswJh t&IH;awGtrsm;MuD;&Sdw,fwJh/
vufpm;acsvdkYrauswJht&IH;awG.../
olY&ifxJrSm ylavmifoGm;onf/ tJ'g bmt"dyÜm,fvJ/
ol xrif;wpf0ufwpfysufESihf &yfxm;vdkufrd\/ rD;zdkcef; ab;eH&HrSm

wdkifuyfem&Du nudk;em&DcGJcgeD;udk nTefjyaeonf/ arar jyefrvmao;yg/
pmrsufESm (293)
aea&mifcefY upfupfudk vmMudKoGm;wm b,ftcsdefavmuf&SdrvJ/ nae

ig;em&DcGJavmuf jzpfrnf/ xkdtcsdefonf arar r*¾Zif;wdkufrSmyJ &Sdwwfonhftcsdef
jzpfonf/ odkYaomf araronf r*¾Zif;wkdufrSm tvGefqHk;aevSsif nckepfem&DxdygyJ/
ckepfem&DESifh udk;em&DMum;rSm arar b,foGm;aerSmygvdrfh/
olonf acgif;xJa&mufvmaom aygufu& tawG;awGudk ZGwfz,fxkwf

vsuf rD;zdkcef;xJrS xGufvmcJhygonf/ avmavmq,f ararhtaMumif; ol
taotcsm rodedkifayr,fh upfupftaMumif;awmh ol odekdifonf/ upfupf
tdrfjyef&wm tqifajy&JYvm;/ ymdkvlu upfupfudk bmawG t&pf&Snfaeao;vJ/
upfupfudk idkatmifvkyfao;ovm;/ upfupfqD ol vSrf;ar;edkifonf/
w,fvDzkef;qDodkY a&mufaomtcg zkef;ajzpufrSm rD;eDav;

rSdwfwkwfrSdwfwkwf vif;ae\/ w,fvDzkef;jzifh wpfa,mufa,muf qufoG,fjyD;
owif;csefxm; ay;cJhonf/
ol cvkwfESdyfvkduf\/ ol rMum;zl;aom olpdrf;a,musfm;oH/
]ymJvdk.... a':cifoefYpifudk uRefawmfowif;ay;p&m&SdvdkYyg? uRefawmf

'Dyghudk awGYxm;ygw,f? atmif&wemopfpufrSm awGYwm? tJ...uRefawmfemrnf
ausmfoef;yg? ysOf;rem;uyg/ uRefawmfqDzkef;jyefqufyg? okn ajcmuf
ckepf....ESpf....wpf... ...}
'Dyghudk awGYxm;w,f/ ol &kwfw&uf vSdKufceJ 0rf;omoGm;\/ jyD;rS

olY0rf;omrIonf wjznf;jznf; jyefavsmhusoGm;onf/ 'Dygrsm;vm; rodbl;?
'DygeJYwlwJh aumifav;wpfa,muf... tJonfvdk owif;rsdK;awG trsm;MuD; olwdkY
pmrsufESm (294)
&cJhjyD;ygjyD? vdkufpHkprf;Munfhwdkif; 'Dyg r[kwfolawGom awGY&onf/

'Dowif;udkvnf; olwdkY odyfarSsmfvifhxm;vdkYr&yg/
odkYaomf...aeygOD;/ tck zkef;rufaqhcsfrSm wpfckck xl;jcm;aeovdkyJ/

bmygvdrfh/
od'¨donf wdyfacGudk jyef&pfvsuf aemufwpfacguf jyefem;axmifvdkufrd\/
]ymJvdk....a':cifoefYpifudk uRefawmfowif;ay;p&m&SdvdkYyg? uRefawmf

'Dyghudk awGYxm;ygw,f? atmif&wemopfpufrSm awGYwm? tJ...uRefawmfemrnf
ausmfoef;yg? ysOf;rem;uyg...}
cvkwfESdyfjyD; &yfypfvdkufonf/
odjyD/ xl;jcm;onfhtcsufudk olodjyD/
zkef;qufolonf ararhtm; a':cifoefYpif[k ac:íajymonf/ *sme,fudk

zwfjyD; 'DyghqDa&;xm;aom pmESifh 'Dygh"mwfyHkudk jrif&HkESifh b,folrS 'Dygharar
cifoefYpif[k rodekdifyg/ bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh pmatmufajcrSm a&;xm;aom
emrnfu od'¨d?
xkdYaemuf zkef;eHygwfESifh vdyfpm/ a':cifoefYpif[laom emrnfrygyg/

zkef;qufolonf ararhukd e*dku odrxm;olrdkY om uRefawmfhemrnf ausmfoef;yg?
ysOf;rem;uyg vdkYajymwmyJ/ 'gjzifh ararhemrnf cifoefYpifrSef; ol b,fvdkodrvJ/
olonf pdwfvIyf&Sm;wkef,ifum ukvm;xkdifwpfck qGJ,ljyD; w,fvDzkef;a&SYrSm
xdkifcsvdkuf&\/ 'Dyghudk wu,fawGYawmhrSmvm;/
pmrsufESm (295)
tck 9 em&DcGJqdkawmh þeHygwfudk zkef;ac:zdkYaemufusjyDvm;/ okdYaomf ol

ratmifhedkifawmhyg/ ysOf;rem;zkef;eHygwfudk ESdyfvdkufrdawmhonf/
]ymJvdk...}
rdef;uav;oHwpfck/ ol cPaMumifoGm;jyD;rS uref;uwef; ar;vdkuf&\/
]ymJvdk...OD;ausmfoef;eJYpum;ajymyg&ap cifAsm? &efukefu ac:wmyg}
]azaza&...zkef;? &efukefuwJh]
cPapmifhjyD;aemuf toHudk Mum;&ygonf/
]ymJvdk...ausmfoef;yg}
]OD;...uRefawmf...OD;&JYrufaqhcsfudk &vdkYqufwmyg? uRefawmfu 'Dygh&JU

tpfudkyg}
]aMom...od'¨dqdkwm rif;vm;}
][kwfygw,f cifAsm? 'Dyghudk awGYw,fqdkwm...}
]at;...awGYxm;w,fuG? 'Dvkd...}
xkdol\toHrSm vSdKufvSJysLiSmpGm &if;ESD;aomtoHjzpfonf/
]&,fp&mawmh aumif;om;? 'DygqdkwJhaumifav;udk opfpufrSm igawGUawGU

aewm MumjyDuG? &kyfav;u acsmacsm oefYoefYav;? vl&nfoefYav;?
pmrsufESm (296)
i,fi,fav;rdkY tvkyform;vdkY r,Hkedkifwm? 'gayrJh olvkyfaewmu wu,fh

tvkyform; tvkyfawG}
xdkpum;aMumifh olY&ifxJrSm ppfceJ emusifoGm;\/
]'geJY ig olYudk pyfpkMunfhawmh olYemrnfu 'DygwJh? &efukefuwJh...'gyJ

ajymwm? iguvJ 'Dxuf ydkrar;rdbl;ayghuGm? 'DvdkyJ olwdkYqdkifu opfawG
igoGm;oGm;0,fae? olYudk EIwfqufaewmyJ? 'Dreufuawmh jrL;Zpf*sme,fudk
vSefMunfhrda&muG? tJ'D*sme,fudk igodyfrzwfjzpfbl;? igzwfwmu
abmvHk;*sme,fav}
olonf 'Dygb,frSmvJ [k pum;jzwfrar;rdatmif awmfawmf

rsdKodyfae&\/
][kwfuJh}
]tJ'g...tJ'D*sme,fzwfawmh tpfukduae nDudk a&;xm;wJhpmav;udk ig

pdwf0ifpm;oGm;w,fuGm? 'DygqdkwJh emrnfu awmfawmf &Sm;w,f r[kwfvm;?
aemufjyD;awmh "mwfyHkudk aocsmMunfhrda&m? tJ'geJYyJ 'g 'Daumifav;qdkwm
odoGm;wmaygh/ ig 'DaeYyJ csufcsif; olYqDoGm;vdkufw,f? jrL;Zpf*sme,fxJrSm
rif;"mwfyHkygw,fuGvdkYigajymawmh aumifav;u &SufoGm;w,fuG? ol odw,fwJh?
ol tywfpOf awGYaewmyJwJh}
olY&ifwpfckvHk; aEG;axG;oGm;onf/ 'Dyg olYpmawGudk tywfpOf

zwfaevdrfhrnf[k ol rarSsmfvifhcJhyg/
pmrsufESm (297)
]'geJYrsm; rif;u rif;tpfudkqD jyefroGm;bl;vm;vdkY igar;awmh ol

tdrfrjyefcsifbl;wJh}
tdrfrjyefcsifbl;.../ olY&ifawG wif;usyfoGm;jyef\/
]bmaMumifhvJ? b,folYqDrjyefcsifwmvJvdkYigar;awmh olrajzbl;? olu

ighudk uwdwpfckawmif;w,fuG? olYtdrfudk todray;ygbl;qdkwJh uwd/
ymm...'gawmh igray;edkifbl;av? ighrSmvJ orD;ESpfa,muf&Sdw,f? om;orD;csif;
udk,fcsif;pmw,fuG? ig olYudk w&m;aymm&wmayghuGm? rdbeJYom;orD;tMum;rSm
em;vnfrIvGJwmawGymm ajz&Sif;vdkY vG,fwJhtaMumif;? uav;wpfa,mufymm
toufESpfq,f ra&mufrcsif; rdbt&dyfu ruif;oifhwJhtaMumif; bmnm
bmnmayghuGm? igvJ wwfoavmuf rSwfoavmuf em;cs&wmaygh? tJ'Dawmh
ol&,fa&muG? OD;av;ajymwJhpum;awGu ajymawmhwm vG,fwm?
vdkufemzdkYcufowJh? tr,f...olu tvmMuD;As? ighudk jyefa0zefcsifao;wm}
wpfzufu oabmuspGm &,faeao;\/ ol EGrf;zwfpGm jyHK;rdonf/

olYnDrS olYnDyJ/ 'gawGu olYnDp&dkufawGyJ/ bmudkyJ awG;awG; &dk;usdK;emcHrIESifh
rawG;bJ ,kwådaA'ESifh qifajcuefjyD; awG;csifwmawG/
]OD;av;ajymwJh pum;rsdK; araru pmawGeJYa&;a&;aevdkY wpfedkifiHvHk;vJ

zwfaeMujyD;jyDwJh? rdbawGu om;orD;udk em;vnfatmif b,fawmhrS MudK;pm;
ray;Mubl;wJh? pma&;aewJh tarqdkwm b,folrsm;ygvdrfhaygh? 'geJY rif;taru
b,folvJ ar;awmh cifoefYpifwJh? tvif;opfr*¾Zif;t,f'DwmwJh? ymm...aoa&m}
&,foHu aEG;axG;ojzifh olYqDudk ul;pufum olyg &,frdonf/
pmrsufESm (298)
]'geJYyJ igwpfcsufvTwf trdefYcsrSwf&w,f? armifrif;MuD;om;av;

a':cifoefYpif&JUom; qdk&ifawmh igrif;udk tvGwfay;vdkY rjzpfbl;?
rif;xGufajy;rSmvJ igrvdkcsifbl;? ightdrfom vdkufcJhayawmh qdkjyD; opfpufu
udkat;aiGudk tusdK;taMumif; ajymjyD; ukyfuae qGJac:vmcJhw,f}
]tck...tck...'Dyg...b,frSmvJ OD;}
]ightdrfrSmaygh? tdrfay:xyfrSm ighnDudk tapmifhvkyfcdkif;xm;w,f?

jywif;aygufuae ckefcsajy;rSm pdk;vdkYuG}
]ymm...aus;Zl;wifvkdufwm OD;&,f? uRefawmfvmac:yghr,fAsm}
]b,fawmhvmrvJ}
]reufjzef reuf &&mwpfckckeJYvdkufvmcJhyghr,f cifAsm? reufjzefxd olYudk

apmifha&Smufay;xm;ygaemf? uRefawmf aus;Zl;rarhygbl;}
]at; at;..&ygw,fuGm vkyfay;&rSmaygh? vdktyf&if...&efukefawmif

vkdufydkYrSmyg armif&m}
]OD;&JU vdyfpmav;...}
]aMomf... at;..at;... rcufygbl;uG? AdkvfcsKyfvrf;ay:u acwfopf

y&dabm*qdkifvdkY ar;&if qdkufum;orm;wdkif; odw,f? qdkufum;eJYom vmcJh...
Mum;vm;}
pmrsufESm (299)
AdkvfcsKyfvrf;ay:u acwfopfy&dabm*qdkif/ ol rSwfpkpm&Gufav;ay:

vsifjrefpGm aumufjcpfa&;rSwfvdkufonf/
][kwfuJh...[kwfuJhOD;? aus;Zl;ygyJ cifAsm}
olYwpfudk,fvHk; ayghyg;vGwfvyfum ajrmufae\/
'Dyghudk jyefawGYjyD/ 'Dyg b,fe,fpyfudkrS roGm;/ bm'ku© bmtEÅ&m,frS

rawGY/ vHkjcHKaom aEG;axG;aom apmifha&SmufrIwpfck atmufrSm &SdaejyD/
arar...odvm; arar? 'Dyghudk jyefawGYjyD/
olonf ararhtm; þowif;udkcsufcsif; ajymjycsifvSjyD/ odkYaomf

þowif;udk em;axmif0rf;omzdkY arar teD;tem;rSm r&Sdyg/ arar b,fa&muf
aecJhygvdrfh/
olonf r&SdedkifrSef; odygvsuf r*¾Zif;wdkufodkY zkef;ac:Munfhrd\/

zkef;udkifrnfhol r&Sdyg/ wu,f arar&Sdekdifonfh ae&mudk qufzdkYusawmh olYtm;
wm;jrpfxm;onfh tiftm;MuD;wpfck&Sdaeonf/ a'go...emMunf;rI rcHr&yfekdifatmif
xdcdkuf&SemrI... cg;oD; rkef;wD;rI.../
xdkae&mrSm ararr&Sdedkifygbl;[k ol ,HkMunfcsifonf/ tenf;qHk;

arSsmfvifhcsifonf/ zkef;qufMunfhvdkufvdkY arar &Sdaeonfudk odvdkuf&vSsif
xdktjzpfudk ol b,fvdk&ifqdkif&rvJ/ n...q,fem&Dav/ olY&ifxJrSm ylavmifum
emusifvmonf/
pmrsufESm (300)
upfupfqD quf&ifaum.../
upfupfa&... 0rf;omp&mowif;... 0rf;omp&mowif;/ 'Dyghudk

jyefawGYjyDuG? wdkYreufjzef vkdufoGm;rSm/ ym,f...wu,f? ym,f....aysmfp&mMuD;
od'¨d&,f? aeOD;...tay:xyfrSm udkudkYtcef;xJrSm tefwDoefYpif &Sdaew,f?
wdkYoGm;ajymay;vdkufr,f? tefwDoefYa&... tefwDoefY... udkudk.../
bk&m; bk&m;.../ tJ'Dvdk rjzpf&yg/ tJ'Dvdkvnf; ol rMum;csifyg/

a,mif,rf;um rsufESmudk vufjzifh tkyfvkdufrd\/
arar.../
olonf rsufESmudk vuf0g;ESpfzuf tkyfvsuftwdkif; jidrfoufpGm

apmifhwmvm;/ avSum;rS wufvmrnfh ararhcGmjrifh zdeyfoHudk apmifhwmvm;/
ararhrsufESmudk jrif&zdkYapmifhwmvm;/ n q,fem&DausmfjyD;aemuf jyefvmonfh
ararhrsufESmrSm b,fvdk oGifjyefrl&mrsdK; jrifawGY&rvJ/ om;qD jyefvmonfh
rdcif\ u&kPmudk jrif&rvm;/ odkYr[kwf...odkYr[kwf...cspfol wpfa,mufESifh
vrf;cGJjyD; jyefvmcJhonfh rdef;rwpfa,muf\...
tdk... olY&ifawG aMurGoGm;rwwf qkyfnSpfcH&aom emusifrIrsdK;jzifh

qwfqwfcg oGm;aomtcg touf&SLyif &yfoGm;vk rwwf jzpf&onf/
ol jAKef;ceJ xdkif&mrS x&yfjyD; tcef;xJodkYajy;0ifvmcJhawmhonf/
ckwifay: t&kyfMudK;jywf arSmufvSJtdyfcsvdkuf\/ &ifbwfESifh arGU&m

xdrdaomtcg emusifrI enf;enf;oufomoGm;ovdk xif&onf/
pmrsufESm (301)
olYnDudk ol jyef&awmhrnf/ odkYaomf ol aemufxyf wpfa,mufudk

qHk;&IH;&awmhrSmvm;/
uHMur®mqdkwmMuD;u tJonfavmuf &ufpufwwfovm;/ wpfa,mufudk

jyefay;zdkYtwGuf aemufwpfa,mufudk ajymif;vJac:oGm;rSmvm;/ tJonfvdk
tvJtvS,f vkyf&rSmvm;/ nDukd udk,fhb0xJ jyef&zkdYtwGuf tarudk
udk,fhb0xJu xkwfy,fcH&rSmvm;/ 'DvkdaMu;omqdk&if nDeJYtar ol b,folYudk
qHk;&IH;cHekdifovJ? b,folYudk a&G;rdrvJ/
olonf rawG;aumif;aom t&mawG awG;rdjyD;aemuf jAKef;ceJ &,fcs

vdkufonf/
r[kwfbl;/ arar tck tJ'DtdrfrSm&Sdaewm r[kwfbl;/ araru

olYrdwfaqGwcsdKYESifh npmoGm;pm;aecJhwm/ ararhb0rSm od'¨dESifh 'DygyJ &Sdonf/
b,folrS r&Sd/ ig bmawG avSsmufawG;aecJhwmvJ/ ararhrSm OD;OmPf&Sdaeonf[k
olxifcJhzl;onf/ wu,fawmh ararhrSm b,folrS r&SdcJh/ tckvnf; ararhrSm
aea&mifcefY&SdaejyD[k ol xifrdjyefonf/ wu,fawmh tJ'g olYtxif oufoufyJ
jzpfrnf/ ararhrSm aea&mifcefY&SdaerSm r[kwf/
odkYaomf...
tJ'Dvdk vkyf&if ausa&mvm;.../
aea&mifcefY\ naeu pum;onf olY&ifxJrSm pdkuf0ifaeqJ jzpfonf/
avmuMuD;rSm vufpm;acsvdkYrausedkifwJh t&IHK;awG trsm;MuD; &Sdw,f/
pmrsufESm (302)
arar.../
olonf acgif;tHk;udk rsufESmarSmuftyfvsufuyif rsufpdudk

wtm;rSdwfxm;vdkufrdawmhonf/
xdkcPrSmyif wdwfqdwfaom nudk azmufxGif;vsuf Mum;vkduf&aom

um;pufoHnufnuf/ um;onf tdrfa&SYrSm puf&yfoGm;onf/ ararhum;yJ/
od'¨d&ifawG w'dwf'dwf ckefvmonf/
rsufpdrSdwfxm;vsufu avSum;wufvmrnfh zdeyfoHudk

apmifhaevdkufonf/ [kwfw,f...araryJ/ ararhcGmjrifhzdeyfoHrSm cyfzGzG owdxm;
wufoHrsdK; r[kwf/ omrmefygyJ/ wHcg;aomhzGifhoH? txJ0ifjyD; wHcg;jyefydwfoH/
arar b,fu jyefvmwmvJ/ ar;cGef;wpfckar;vSsif arar trSeftwdkif;
ajzyghrvm;/ tu,fí yGifhvif;wwfaom araru trSeftwdkif; ajzcJhvSsif...
xkdtajzudk olMum;&Jyghrvm;/
rar;eJY.../ rar;ygeJY/
avmuMuD;rSm vufpm;acsvdkYrausedkifwJh t&SHK;awG trsm;MuD; &Sdw,fwJh/
uRefawmf bmawGudk &SHK;ae&jyDvJ arar/ uRefawmf bmawG &IHK;aejyDvJ

qdkwmawmh uRefawmf odcsifygw,f/
araronf tcef;awGqDodkY cyfoGufoGuf avSsmufvmonf/ od'¨d

tcef;a&SYrSm &yfoGm;onf/ tcef;wHcg; wGef;zGifhoH.../ od'¨donf ararhtm;
pmrsufESm (303)
vSrf;MunfhzdkY rsufESmxm; tqifoifh rjzpfao;yg/ ol a,mif,rf;um touf&SL

atmifhxm;rd\/ xdkYaemuf ararwHcg; jyefydwfvdkufonf/ xdkYaemuf arar
jyefxGufoGm;onf/ {nfhcef;qDodkYoGm;wmyJ/
]ymJvdk...}
ararhtoH wdk;wdk;av;/
]aea&mif...[kwfw,f? uRefr jyefa&mufjyD}
olonf ararhtoHudk Mum;&aomtcg jAKef;ceJ rsufvHk;yGifhoGm;ygonf/

Mum;&aom pum;oHudk olr,Hkcsifayr,fh tJ'g wu,fygyJ/ araronf
aea&mifcefYqDrS vrf;cGJvmjcif; jzpfcJhonf/
]&SifajymvkdufwJhpum;udk ckrS pOf;pm;rdw,f? udk,f0efukd zsufcszdkY uRefr

MudK;pm;cJhw,fvdkY &Sifxifaew,f r[kwfvm; ymif... trSeftwdkif; ajymprf;yg}
od'¨d\em;xJrSm AHk;aygufuGJovdkyif t&Sdefjyif;pGm aygufuGJoGm;cJhygonf/
udk,f0ef.../ udk,f0efqdkwJh pum;u arareJYbmqdkifvdkYvJ/ arar

rajymygeJY/
]udk,fh&ifaoG; udk,fzsufcsowfjzwfypf&ufr,fh rdef;rrsdK; r[kwfbl;qdkwm

&SifwdkY,Hkatmif uRefr bmeJYoufao jy&rvJ? ymifhtif;...uRefr tJavmuf
r&ufpufygbl;}
pmrsufESm (304)
od'¨d\txufwnfhwnfhrSm &Sdaeaom rdk;aumif;uifMuD; jAKef;qdk

edrfhusjydKqif;um ydusvmcJhonf/ olonf bmoHudkrS rMum;&Jawmhojzifh
acgif;tHk;jzifh em;ESpfzufudk zduyfydwfvsuf tHMudwfxm;rdonf/ odkYaomf
olY&ifxJrSm toHwpfcku rdk;xpfcsKef;ovdk xpfcsKef;&dkufcwfaeqJ/
avmuMuD;rSm vufpm;acsvdkY rausekdifwJh t&IH;awG trsm;MuD;&Sdw,f od'¨d/
olYrsuf0ef;rSm rsuf&nfawG pdrfhtdkifum pD;usoGm;\/ xdkrsuf&nfwdkYudk

acgif;tHk;u pkyf,lypfvkdufonf/ vSdKufceJ qdkYwufum yGifhxGufvmaom
&SdKufoHudkvnf; acgif;tHk;jzifh olzHk;uG,fzdcsKyfxm;vdkuf&onf/
odkYaomf olY&ifxJu emusifaom &SdKufoHwdkYudk oljyefrMum;&atmifawmh

ol bmESifhrS wm;qD;umuG,fvdkYr&cJhyg/
pmrsufESm (305)
(22)
ig;q,fhESpf&ufajrmufaeY/
aysmf&TifrIymm 'DaeYnrSm xyf0ifa&mufvmjyefjyD/

tem*wf&JYatmufarhrIvnf; vHk;0r&SdwJh
rarSsmfvifhwJh {nfhonfwpfa,mufvdk... ...
(Dennie Abse)
nu wpfnvHk; ol tdyfraysmfcJhyg/
eHeuf 3em&DwGif ol arar redk;atmif wdwfwdwfuav; a&xcsdK;&onf/

ausmydk;tdwfxJ t0wfESpfpHkxnhf&onf/ ydkufqHtdwfxJrSm rSwfyHkwif ygryg
ppfaq;&onf/ xdkY aemuf ararhtwGuf pmwdkuav; wpfapmif a&;&ygonf/
]arar...
'Dyghudk oGm;ac:zkdYysOf;rem;udk om;vkdufoGm;ygjyD/
&efukef jyefra&mufcif om;wdkYESpfa,mufvHk; ysOf;rem;?
AdkvfcsKyfvrf;ay:u acwfopfy&dabm*qdkif zkef;eHygwf... ... ...rSm &SdMurSmyg/
nus ararhqD om; zkef;qufyghr,f/ararpdwfcsrf;ajrhygap/
om; od'¨d
eHeuf 3em&D 15rdepf}
pmrsufESm (306)
þpmudk arar rsufESmopf&if; zwfrdrnfh eHeuf 7em&D

ywf0ef;usiftcsdefwGif od'¨dvdkufygaomum;onf 'dkufOD;jrdKYodkYyifa&mufaecJhygjyD/
od'¨dtwGuf þc&D;onf ararESifh 'Dyg rygbJ yxrOD;qHk; tMudrf

&efukef\jyifyodkYxGufonfhc&D;yif jzpfygonf/ c&D;\ a&SYrSmu rSef;q&cufaom
'DyghpdwftwGuf MudKwifylyefonfh pdk;&drfpdwf? c&D;\aemufrSm usefcJhonfu
arar\t&SufESifh aomutwGuf aemufqHwif;&onfh pdk;&drfpdwf? xdkpdwfESpfrsdK;
zdnSyfcH&aom od'¨donf c&D;xGuf&jcif;\ &oudk enf;enf;rSs rcHpm;edkifbJ
jzpfaeawmhonf/
jrwfaumif;udkvnf; taMumif;rMum;edkifcJh/ upfupfudkvnf;

taMumif;rMum;edkifcJh/ jrwfaumif;onf xHk;pHtwkdif; nae 3em&DcGJ ywf0ef;usif
tcsdefwGif zkef;MudKrqufbJ od'¨dtdrfa&SYrSm um;ymGef;wD;aerSmyJ/ jyefa&mufrSyJ
awmif;yefygawmhrnf/
aeYv,f 2em&DwGif ysOf;rem;jrdKYodkYa&mufygonf/ rdk;tHkYjyD; &moDOwk

yltkdufaeonf/
ysOf;rem;jrdKYonf olxifxm;onfxuf jrdKYus,fjyefY\/ vlOD;a&vnf;

xlxyfyHk&\/ vlaerItqifhtwef;vnf; jrifhrm;ykH&ygonf/
um;*dwfwGif jrif;vSnf;rsm;xuf qkdufum;rsm;ESifh pufbD;qdkifu,frsm;

udkom awGY&onf/ vrf;ay:rSmvnf; qkdufum;ESifh pufbD;awG jzwfoGm;aewmyJ
jrif&onf/ OD;ausmfoef;\ pum;rSefygonf/ acwfopfy&dabm*qdkifvdkY
ajymvdkufonfESifh qkdufum;q&mu csufcsif;odygonf/
pmrsufESm (307)
olonf 'Dyghudk jyefawGYvSsif ol b,fvdk jyKrlwHkYjyefrdrvJ[k &ufaygif; 50

vHk;vHk; MudKwifarSsmfvifhum awG;MunfhaecJhjyD;om; jzpf\/ odkYygvsuf
wu,f&ifqdkif awGU&awmhrnfqdkawmh ol bmpum; pajym&rSef; rodatmif
pdwfvIyf&Sm;aecJhonf/
uRef;AD&dkawG? qufwDESifh ukvm;xkdifawGu rsufESmpmtjynfh ykHaeaom

wdkuftdrfwpfckxJodkY ol 0ifvkdufvSsif 0ifvdkufcsif; pm;yGJrSm xkdifaeaom
vlMuD;wpfa,mufu jAKef;ceJ rwfwyf&yf EIwfqufonf/
]od'¨dvm;}
][kwfuJhyg cifAsm}
tdrf&Sif\ rsufvHk;u twGif;wpfae&mqDodkY zswfceJ a&mufoGm;onfhtcg

ol xdkae&modkY vSrf;Munfhvdkufygonf/ wHcg;tuG,fwGif &yfaeaomt&dyfwpfck.../
]'Dyga&... 'DrSm rif;tpfudk vmjyD]
wHcg;tuG,frS t&dyfu jznf;nif;pGm xGufvm\/ 'Dyg.../ tJ'g 'Dyg

jzpfonf/
odkYaomf 'Dygonf vGefcJhonfh ESpfvrjynfhcifurS tdrfu xGufoGm;cJhaom

'Dyg r[kwfawmhyg/ od'¨donf olYqDodkY cyfwnfwnf avSsmufvmaom
vli,fuav;udk bmpum;rS rqdkedkifbJ ai;arm aMumifMunfhaerdonf/
pmrsufESm (308)
'DyghrsufvHk;awGonf ta&mifydk&ifhaejyD; tom;u cyfndKndKnpfnpf

jzpfaeonf/ qHyifu em;&Gufudk zHk;atmif &SnfaecJhjyD/ ydefoGm;vdkYvm;? t&yfudku
ydk&Snfvmovm; rodekdif/ 'Dyg\udk,fymefrSm &Snfarsmarsm wdkifwpfwdkifudk
awmifhawmifhMuD; jzpfaeonf/
'Dygonf olESifhwpfayavmuftuGmrSm rsufESmcsif;qdkif &yfavonf/
'Dvkdqdkawmhvnf; 'Dyght&yfonf olYt&yfudk rrDao;bl;[k

owdxm;rdonf/ EGrf;zwfaeaom cJykwfa&mif wD&SyftusÐonf abmif;bD\
tjyifbufrSm zdk;&dk;zm;&m;/ 'Dyg\ vufESpfzufu npfax;aeaom abmif;bD
ab;tdwfawGxJ ESdKufvsuf...olYtm; rsufESmcsif;qdkifjyD; cyfpdkufpdkufMunfhaeaom
'Dygonf t&ifuvdk npfus,fus,f ymeftjynfhESifh cspfpzG,f aumif;aom
aumifav;i,fi,fwpfa,muf r[kwfawmhyg/
]'Dyg...]
olonf &ifw'dwf'dwfckefvsuf 'DyghycHk;udk udkif&ef ymefjyifvdkufawmh

'Dygu qwfceJ aemufqkwfoGm;onf/ olyg vefYoGm;\/
]ig jyefrvdkufbl;aemf}
rma&ausma&toH/ olYudk b,fwkef;urS 'Dyg rajymcJhzl;onfhtoH/

olonf &kwfw&uf tHhvnf; tHhMoum a'govnf; xGufoGm;\/
pmrsufESm (309)
]rif; jyefrvdkufvdkY rjzpfbl;? rif; ryg&if igvJ rjyefbl;}
'Dyg atmf&,fygonf/ rckd;rcefY&,foH? xdk&,foHrsdK;udk 'DyghqDrS

olrMum;csifyg/
]ymm;...ymm;...ymm;...rif; raeekdifygbl; udkudk&m? rif;rSm ausmif;om;awG

&Sdw,fav? rif; opfpuftvkyform; rvkyfedkifygbl;? arGY&mrygwJh wef;vsm;cHkay:
rSmvJ rif; rtdyfekdifygbl;}
ol &kwfw&uf bmajym&rSef; rod/
'Dygonf olrjrif&onfhumvtwGif; awmfawmfudk &ifhusufoGm;cJhjyD/

'DyghrsufvHk;awGrSm avmuudk qefYusifvdkaom t&dyfawG &SdaejyD[k olxifonf/
'D&ufydkif;av;twGif; aumifav;wpfa,muf tJ'Davmuf ajymif;vJoGm;ekdifovm;/
]rif;awmif tdyfedkifw,fqdk&if igu bmvdkYrtdyfekdif&rSmvJ}
]t"dyÜm,fr&SdwmawG avSsmufrajymeJYuGm? rif; tdrfudkyJ jyef? rif;vkyfaeus

tvkyfawGyJ jyefvkyf? pmtkyfyHkawG Mum;xJyJae? ysOfyHkawGu rif;eJYbmrS
rqdkifygbl;? aemufESpfus&if rif;u tar&duefrSm ausmif;oGm;wwfae&rSmyJ}
cg;oD;aom 'Dyghpum;oHaMumifh ol acgif;,rf;vdkufonf/
]igroGm;awmhbl;}
xkdpum;aMumifh 'DygtHhMooGm;wm aocsmygonf/ olYudk,folvnf;

tHhMooGm;cJhygonf/
pmrsufESm (310)
]bm...}
]ig b,frS roGm;awmhbl;}
]bmjzpfvdkY}
]igqHk;jzwfvdkufjyD? rif; vdkufvdkYr&wJhae&mawG igroGm;bl;? ighrSm...}
xkdpum;udk ol ajymoifh&JYvm;[k pOf;pm;jyD;aemuf ajymoifhonf[k

qHk;jzwfonf/
]ighrSm rif;uvGJjyD; ab;rSm b,folrS r&SdawmhyJ}
'Dyg atmf&,fjyef\/
]rif; pdwful;awG ,OfaejyefjyD}
od'¨d 'DyghrsufvHk;awGxJ pl;pdkufMunfhaerdonf/ 'Dygonf od'¨d\

rsufESm&dyfudk owdxm;rdoGm;um csufcsif; rsufESmwnfoGm;\/
]udkudk...arar? arar aeaumif;&JYvm;}
od'¨d &,frdonf/ &,foHonf &,foHESifh rwlyg/
]aeawmhaumif;ygw,f? 'gayrJh...}
pmrsufESm (311)
ol 'DyghxHrS rsufESmvTJjyD; qkdifa&SYbufqDodkY vSnfh&yfvdkuf\/

olYrsufvHk;awGxJ &kwfw&uf pdkpGwfpdrfhtdkifvmaom rsuf&nfawGudk olYymmol
owdxm;rdvkdYyJ jzpfonf/
]'gayrJh...bmjzpfvJ}
'DyghtoHu tavmwMuD;/
]'gayrJh ararhqDrSm igwdkYtMumMuD;aevdkY&awmhrSm r[kwfbl;}
]bmajymw,f...}
pl;&Saom 'DyghtoHu tvefYwMum;ymef/
]ararhrSm...? ararhrSm igwdkY r&Sdawmhygbl;}
od'¨d\ toHu ajym&if;ESifh wdrf0ifoGm;onfhtcg 'Dygu od'¨dtm; ycHk;udk

vSrf;zufvdkuf\/ 'DyghqDrSm olYtm; ESpfodrfhrSsa0edkifonfh cGeftm;wpfckck
&Sdaevdrfhrnf[k ol b,fwkef;urS rxifcJh/ 'DyghvufawGu tHhMozG,f&myif
cdkifjrJum aEG;axG;aecJhonf/ xkdvufawGom olYab;rSm &SdvSsif olonf avmurSm
txD;usefawmhrSm r[kwfyg/
]udkukd...igem;vnfatmif ajymprf;yguG? arar bmjzpfvdkYvJ}
ol 'DyghbufvSnfhMunfhjyD; toHxGuf&,farmzkdYMudK;pm;onf/ okdYaomf

ratmifjrifyg/ 'Dygh em;em;odkYuyfvsuf
pmrsufESm (312)
]rif; vdkcsifaewJh taztopf rif;&awmhr,f} [k olwdk;wdk; uav;

ajymrdonf/
'DyghrsufESm ndKrnf;oGm;\/
]b,folvJ...OD;ÓPfvm;}
]r[kwfbl;? ighxuf &SpfESpfyJ MuD;wJh vlwpfa,muf}
]bm...}
'Dyg wkefvIyfacsmufcsm;oGm;aom rsufESmudk ol Munfhum zspfnSpf

&,frd\/ 'Dygu ywf0ef;usifudk tckrS owd&oGm;um [kdymdkonfonfMunfhonf/
cyfvSrf;vSrf; xrif;pm; pm;yGJqDrSm csmwdwfrwpfa,muf pmtkyfwpftkyf
zGifhzwfaeonf/ qdkifa&SYrSm apmapmu tdrf&SifvlMuD; aps;0,fESpfa,mufESifh
aps;nSdKESdKif;pum; ajymaeMuonf/
]igwkdYvufzuf&nfqdkifoGm;&atmif udkudk...rif; tdwfudk xm;cJh]
od'¨donf 'Dyg\ nTefMum;csuftwdkif; tdwfudk ausmrSm vG,fxm;&mrS

cGswfvdkufjyD; yufvufukvm;xkdifay: wifvkduf\/
]ydkufqHtdwfa&m udkudk}
od'¨donf olYabmif;bDtdwfudk ykwfjyvdkufonf/
]at;...yg&if jyD;a&muG? ighrSm jywfvyfaejyD}
pmrsufESm (313)
xdkYaemuf 'Dygu od'¨d\ycHk;tm; zwfvdkufjyD; tdrfxJrS xGufonf/
]OD;...uRefawmfwdkYa&TMu,fudk oGm;rvkdYaemf}
]at; at;...rif;tpfudkom ygvdkYuawmh b,foGm;oGm;ygAsm}
tjyifrSm aeylaejyD/ ylr,fhylawmh aea&mifonf pl;pl;&S&S awmufae\/

vrf;ray:rSm vloGm;vlvm usJaeonf/ vrf;ab;0J,mwGif pwdk;qdkifrsm;?
em&Dqdkifrsm;udk awGY&onf/ qdkifwdkif;wGif 0,faeol r&Sdoavmuf usJae\/
aygrsm;onfuawmh wef;vef;csdwfxm;onfh t0wftxnf? toHk;taqmif
a&mif;ukefypönf;rsm;yJ jzpfonf/
]rif;udk ckvdk vG,fvG,fululk jyefawGY&r,fvdkYigrxifxm;cJhbl; 'Dyg}
'Dyg bmrSrajymbJ ycHk;om tomwGefYonf/
]rif; igwdkYvmr,frSef;od&if xGufrsm; ajy;rvm;vdkY wpfvrf;vHk;

igpdwfylvmwmuG}
'Dyg rausreyf vSnfhMunfhonf/
]bmqkdifvdkYigu ajy;&rSmvJ? igu b,folYudk aMumufacs;yg&rSmvJ}
]aMomf...ighudk rawGYcsifvdkY a&SmifaerSmudk ajymwm}
]ra&Smifygbl;? rawGYcsifp&mvJ r&Sdbl;? tdrfjyefrvdkufcsifwm wpfckygyJ}
pmrsufESm (314)
olwdkYESpfa,muf yvufazmif;ay:rSm ESpfa,muf,SOfravSsmufedkifyg/

yvufazmif;u usOf;usOf;av;yJ jzpfonf/ xkdYaMumifh od'¨du atmufqif;u
uwå&mvrf;ab;rS avSsmuf&ygonf/
]'Dyg...rif;...bmjzpfvdkYxGufoGm;wmvJ}
]tdrfrSm raecsifvdkYvdkYigajymom;yJ}
]at;av...bmjzpfvkdYraecsifwmvJ}
'Dyg rajzyg/ ar;cGef;wpfckom jyefar;onf/
]tJ'Dvludk igodvm;ymif...udkudk}
olacgif;,rf;rnfjyKjyD;rS acgif;ndwfvdkufonf/
]odrvm; rodbl;? upfupfeJYtpfudkyJ}
]rjrwfav;cefY&JYtpfudkqdk&if...ymdkaq;orm;awmh r[kwfavmufygbl; aemf}
]r[kwfbl;? olYtpfukd...aea&mifcefY...wJh}
]odjyD...odjyD? tar&duefrSm ausmif;oGm;wwfwJhvl? tJ'Dvlu rqdk;ygbl;?

olYowif;awGu taumif;awGcsnf;ygyJ? odu©mvJ &Sdom;yJ}
]'Dyg...ighxuf &SpfESpfyJ MuD;wJhvlwpfa,mufudk igtaz rawmfedkifbl;}
]tJ'g rif;qHk;jzwfvdkYr&bl;av? arar qHk;jzwfwmudk rif;emcH&rSmaygh}
pmrsufESm (315)
olwdkYvufzuf&nfqdkifxJ a&mufvmMuygonf/
vufzuf&nfqdkifonf ajrpdkuf tjyefYus,fus,f wJMuD;wpfck jzpfonf/

ajrjyifrSm ausmufp&pfcJao;ao;av;rsm; tjynfhcif;xm;\/ xdkifcHkawGu olrsm;
qkdifawGvdk tykav;awG r[kwf/ pm;yGJjrifhjrifh ukvm;xkdifjrifhjrifhawG jhzpfonf/
]wu,fvdkY... tJ'Dvludk arar,lr,fqdk&if igeJYrif;eJY ESpfa,muf tdrfcGJ

ae&atmif}
]b,frSm aerSmwHk;}
]&efukefrSmav}
]rif;apmapmuajymawmh igrjyef&if rif;vJ rjyefbl;qdk}
eH&HESifh uyfaeaom axmifhu pm;yGJwpfvHk;rSm olwkdYESpfa,muf

rsufESmcsif;qdkif 0ifxkdif vdkufMuygonf/
]at;yguGm? b,frSmaer,fqdkwm igwdkYnSd,lvdkY&ygw,f? rif;&SdwJhae&m

igvdkufaezdkY wjcm;ymmu jyóem r&Sdbl;uG? igh0ifaiGu &efukefrSmaeoavmuf
r&awmhrSm pdk;w,f? &efukefrSm igpmjyae&&if wpfvudk av;aomif;avmuf
0ifwm? rif; opfqkdifrSm ig0ifvkyf&if b,favmuf &rvJ}
]&Spfaxmif}
xkdYaemuf olwdkYESpfa,mufvHk; aomuawGudk arhoGm;um &,farmrd

Muonf/
pmrsufESm (316)
]awmfyg udkudk&m? rif; b,fvdkrS rvkyfedkifygbl;? pmjyjyD; olrsm;udk

q&mMuD; vkyf&ovdk t&omr&SdedkifwJh tvkyfyg? ymdkvluqJ 'Dvlu aymmuf...
aemufjyD; ysOfawG r& xrf;&}
]bm...}
olvefYoGm;\/
]a&mh...'DvufawGudk t&ifprf;MunfhygOD;}
'Dyg urf;ay;aom vufz0g;rsm;udk ol qGJudkifjyD; vufacsmif;xdyfrsm;jzifh

tomyGwfoyfMunfhonf/ olY&ifxJ eifhoGm;\/ olYnD\vufacsmif;t&if;awGrSm
Murf;&Srmausm aeavonf/ jzpfrS jzpf&av/
]'Dyg}
'Dyghvufudk qkyfnSpf&if; ol rcsdwifuJ a&&Gwfrdonf/ 'Dygu cyfrJhrJh

jyHK;vsuf olYvufol jyefqGJ,lodrf;oGm;ygonf/
]rif;...bmjzpfvkdY'Dvdkb0rsdK;udk aeaewmvJ}
]b,folua&m aecsifrSmvJuG? 'Davmuf yifyef;qif;&JwJh b0MuD;udk}
'Dygu toHtenf;i,f wkef,ifum atmfvdkuf\/ xkdYaemuf olYvufol

jzefYum pdkufai;Munfhaeygonf/
pmrsufESm (317)
]aemufjyD; tEÅ&m,fu rw&m;rsm;w,f? raeYwkef;u tvkyform;

wpfa,muf vTpufxJrSm vufacsmif;av;awG ygoGm;w,f? rif;odvm; udkudk...
aoG;awG aoG;awGqdkwm 'vaymmyJ? olYwpfudk,fvHk; wqwfqwfawmif
wkefaew,f}
]awmfawmh...rajymeJYawmh}
ol rMum;&Jyg/ tJ'Dvdk tjzpfrsdK;vnf; 'DyghrSm rjzpfap&yg/
]b,folu 'Da0'emrsdK; cHpm;csifrSmvJ udkudk&? igvJ aMumufwmyJ?

wpfcgwpfcg aemufwpfaeY tvkyfqif;&rSm aMumufvGef;vdkY nn tdyfvdkYawmif
raysmfbl;? ig idkwmyJ}
'DyghEIwfcrf;awG wkefaeMuonf/ ol ai;Munfhaerd\/ 'Dyg rsufawmif

wzswfzswfcwfvsuf rsuf&nfwdkYudk odrf;vdkufonf/
]'Dyg...jyefvkdufcJhyguGm}
]ig tdrfrjyefcsifbl;? rif; ighudk oem;raeeJY? vGwfvyfrI&JU t&omudk

vdkcsif&if &if;&rSmyJ? igodw,f}
]rif;toufu i,fi,fav; &Sdao;w,f? avmuMuD;xJ wpfa,mufwnf;

0ifzkdY i,fygao;w,f? tvkyfvkyfzdkYvJ i,fygao;w,f? pmoifvkduf? wa,mav;
xkd;vdkuf? ararhymif;awG aMu;rsm;vdkufeJYvkyfae&r,fh t&G,fyJ &Sdygao;w,f?
arar rif;twGuf b,favmuf pdwfaomu a&mufaecJh&ovJ rif;awG;Munfh
rd&JYvm;? ararhudk rif;cspf&if...}
pmrsufESm (318)
]ararhudk cspf&ifvkdYrajymeJY...rajymygeJY? tJ'Dvdk ajymp&mrvdkygbl;?

avmuMuD;rSm om;wdkif;uawmh tarudk cspfrSmcsnf;yJ? bmvdkYvJ...odvm;?
om;wdkif;rSm tarqdkwm wpfa,mufwnf;yJ &SdvdkY}
ol 'Dyghudk pl;pdkuf Munfhrdygonf/
'Dygonf wpfckckudk a0cGJ&cufaeonfh rsufESmrsdK;jzifh olYtm; Munfhonf/
]udkudk...igar;p&m &Sdw,f? rif; trSeftwdkif; ajzrvm;]
]ajzrSmaygh? rif;udk igb,fwkef;u nmzl;vdkYvJ}
]araru ighudk jyefvmapcsif&JYvm;}
ol rarSsmfvifhaom ar;cGef;jzpfonf/ ol wpfcPaMumifoGm;\/ xdkYaemuf

a'goxGufoGm;onf/
]jyefvmapcsif&JYvm;... [kwfvm;? ar;rSar;&ufw,fuGm? 'Dyg...

rif;xGufoGm;cgp wpfnwkef;u aq;&HkMuD;rSm ydkif&SifrJh uav;tavmif;wpfavmif;
a&mufaew,f vmMunfhyg qdkvdkY igeJY arareJY oGm;MunfhMuw,f? tJ'Dwkef;u
a&cJwdkufxJrSm arar owdawmif vpfoGm;w,f? tJ'g rif;odvm;? rif;rodygbl;?
rif;pOf;pm;MunfhrSmvJ r[kwfygbl;? tdrfrSm usefae&pfcJhwJhvlawG b,favmuf
pdwfyl&ovJ... rif; *&krpdkufygbl;? 'gaMumifhom rif;pGwfvkyfoGm;wmaygh}
xkdpum;aMumifh 'DyghrsufESmndI;EGrf;oGm;ygonf/
]ig...ararhudk t&rf;owd&wmyJ}
pmrsufESm (319)
]jyefvkdufcJhyguGm 'Dyg? araru rif;jzpfapcsifwm rSeforSs vkyfay;r,fwJh?

'Dyg...rif; 'DtcGifhta&;rsdK; &cJw,faem? igq,fwef;wkef;u arar ighudk
b,favmuf 0uftlusyfw,fqdkwm rif;odw,f r[kwfvm;? tck rif;udk ol
rusyf&Jawmhbl;? jrefrmwpfjynfvHk; tqifhwpfq,fawG bmawG vmrajymeJY?
bdwfcsD;uyJ atmifatmif... ighom;av; jyefvm&if awmfygjyDwJh}
'DyghrsufESm csufcsif; jyefvef;qef;oGm;\/
]wu,fvm;}
]aMomf...wu,faygh}
]wu,fvdkY...bdwfcsD;uawmif ratmifbJ usoGm;&ifaum}
]rif;rusygbl;? igwpfa,mufvHk; &Sdw,f? rif;uscJh&if igh*kPfxl;awG

jyeftyfypfvkdufr,f...uJ? rif; atmifatmif ig wwfekdifygw,f}
'Dygu r,HkouFmjzifh jyHK;Munfh\/
]b,fvdkvkyfrSmvJ}
]rif; pdwfr0ifpm;wJhbmomawGudk rif;pdwf0ifpm;atmif igvkyfay;r,f}
]rjzpfedkifbl;? b,fvkdvkyfay;rSmvJ}
]OyrmuGm..."mwkaA' tDauG;&Sif;awGudk rif;udk vufawGYjrifvmatmif

"mwfaiGYawG tufppfawG "mwfaygif;awGudk "mwfjyKjyr,f? rif; atmufqD*sifudk
pmrsufESm (320)
vufawGYxkwf Munfhcsifovm;? igxkwfjyr,f? zm;&JYaoG;vTwfaMumawG

aoG;jyefaMumawG rif;vufawGYjrifcsifvm;...igcGJjyr,f}
]rif;cGJzl;vdkYvm;}
]rcGJzl;ygbl;? 'gayrJh vkyfMunfhr,favuGm? rif;u ighudk ulaygh? tvGefqHk;

ao&if zm;q,faumifayghuGm? 'gqdk&if rif;pdwfxJucsnf; usuf&wm r[kwfawmh
rSwfrdoGm;rSmaygh? b,fES,fhvJ}
]tif;...rqdk;ygbl;}
]ausmif;u q&mrawGuvJ rif;udk ar;vSjyD? awmf0ifwdkYuvJ rif;udk

jrefjref&Smay;ygwJh? ighudk ylqmaeMuw,f? atcef;rSm abmvHk;orm;
topfwpfa,muf a&mufaewmrdkY rif;wdkY tD;cef;udk pdefac:aewm? awmf0ifwdkYu
edkifcsifwmaygh? olwkdY refae*smudk olwdkY arSsmfvSjyDwJh}
'Dyg\rsuf0ef;rsm; awmufyoGm;onf/
]b,fES,fhvJ... vkdufr,f r[kwfvm;}
]tif;...awmif;qkdcsufwpfckudk rif;vdkufavsmrS]
]Aka'¨g...ighbufu 'DavmufavSsmhay;aevsufeJY? rif;ymmu rvGefvGef;

bl;vm;? bmvJ...ajym}
]rif;wwfcdkif;xm;wJh 0dkif;awGrSm ig rwufawmhbl;? rif;yJ ighudk pmoifay;

&r,f? tJ'g oabmwl&if igjyefvkdufr,f}
pmrsufESm (321)
ol OD;aESmufenf;enf; ajcmufoGm;ygonf/ od'¨d tyfxm;ay;aom

q&mawGrSm toiftjy wu,faumif;aom q&mawG jzpfonf/
ausmif;om;awGudk aumif;aumif;armif;edkifaom q&mawGvnf; jzpfonf/ 'Dyg
bmrMudKufovJ rodyg/ aemufjyD; onfudpöonf arar\cGifhjyKcsufvdktyfaom
udpöjzpfonf/ od'¨drSm tJ'gudk vdkufavsmzkdY tcGifhtmPm tjynfht0r&Sd/ odkYaomf
cyfwif;wif; Munfhaeaom nD\ rsufESmxm;rSmvnf; wu,fhtxufpD;u
rsufESmxm;/ acG;aumif.../
]tdkau...ig oabmwlw,f? 0dkif;awG jzKwfay;r,f}
]ymm;...tJ'grS ightpfudk}
'Dygu auseyfoGm;aom rsufESmjzifh rsufpdwpfcsuf rSdwfjyHK;um avxJodkY

vufoD;jzifh a0SY,rf;xdk;vdkufonf/
]at;...wpfckawmh &Sdw,faemf}
olYpum;aMumifh 'Dyg olYtm; r,HkouFm Munfhonf/
]bmvJ}
]ig pmoifcsdefrSm rif;ikdif&ifawmh ighvufoD;eJYawGYrSmyJ? tJ'DtcsdefrSm

igb,favmufyJ tavSsmhay;ay;? ighvufoD;u avSsmhrSm r[kwfbl;}
]udpör&Sdbl;? rif;rS vufoD;&Sdwmr[kwfbl;? ighrSmvJ vuf0g;apmif;&SdwmyJ?

wdkif;csd vuf0g;apmif;? 'grsdK;vmr,f...'grsdK;}
pmrsufESm (322)
'Dygu xdkifae&if;odkif;upm;ymefudk,fymefjyum &,favonf/ od'¨donf

&ufaygif;rsm;pGmtwGif; yxrOD;qHk;tMudrf pdwfayghyg; vGwfvyfpGm &,frdonf/
xkdYaemuf 'Dygu vufzuf&nfcGufudk wpfcsDwnf; armhaomufum olYtm;
vufnSdK;axmifjy\/
]ta&;MuD;wmwpfck &Sdao;w,f? aemufxyfwpfck}
]ym...rif;ymmu aps;udkifvdkYrjyD;awmhbl;vm;}
]tJ'gu rif;eJYrqdkifbl;? arareJYyJ qdkifw,f? ararhudk igar;p&m wpfck

&Sdw,f? tJ'Dtajzudk od&rS jzpfr,f}
]bmar;cGef;vJ? ararhqD jyefa&mufrS ar;vdkYr&bl;vm;}
'Dyg awGceJ pOf;pm;oGm;ymefjzifh wpfae&mqDodkY rsufvHk;a&mufoGm;onf/

xdkcPü 'Dyg\rsufESm ajymif;vJoGm;\/ rsufarSmifwif;um rsufvHk;awG
tenf;i,f arS;pif;oGm;onf/ 'Dyg Munfh&modkYol vdkufMunfhrd\/ qdkifa&SYrSm
&yfjyD; qdkifxJ vSrf;Munfh tuJcwfaeaom vlav;a,muftkyfpk wpfpk/ &efvdkaom
tMunfhawGvm;? ol odyftuJrcwfwwfyg/ olkwdkYtMunfhu rdrdwdkYpm;yGJ0dkif;qDyJ?
tJ'gawmh aocsmonf/
]igwdkYae&m,lwm rSm;oGm;w,fuG? acsmifydwfrdoGm;edkifw,f}
'Dygu xdktkyfpkrS rsufESmvTJvsuf cyfwdk;wdk;ajymygonf/
]'Dyg...b,folawGvJ tJ'g}
pmrsufESm (323)
]tvum;aumifawG? tkyfpktm;udk;eJYrS cs&JwJhaumifawG}
]igwkdYjyefxGufMurvm; 'Dyg}
od'¨donf &efudk wwfedkiforSs a&Smifcsifygonf/
]rxGufygbl;? bmvdkYxGuf&rSmvJ? iaMumufvkdYtxifrcHedkifbl;}
]'Dyg...'g igwdkYjrdKYr[kwfbl;}
]bmjrdKYyJ jzpfjzpf? w&m;Oya'u wpfrsdK;wnf;yJ? £ajE´rysufxkdifae udkudk?

olwkdYbufudk oGm;rMunfheJY? 'gqdk&if bvdkif;MuD; 0if&rf;vdkYr&bl;}
olrMunfhyg/ ukefaeaom vufzuf&nfcGufudkom pdkufMunfhaevdkuf

ygonf/
]cPae&if olwdkYjyefxGufoGm;vdrfhr,f}
odkYaomf 'Dyghpum; rSm;oGm;ygonf/ xkdtkyfpkonf olwkdYpm;yGJqD

wef;wef;rwfrwf 0ifvmaeMuonf/ olwdkYESpfa,mufvHk; xdktkyfpkudk
vSrf;rMunfhyg/ rsufvHk;axmifh jrifuGif;jzifhom owdxm;aeygonf/
]'Dyg...}
tajctaeudk ol rMudKufyg/ ESpfa,mufESifhav;a,muf jzpfaejyD; olwdkYu

vlpdrf;awG jzpfaeonf/ ywf0ef;usifonf olwdkYbufrSm r&Sdedkifyg/
]udkudk...wpfckckjzpf&if bmrS pOf;pm;raeeJY? ukvm;xkdifeJYom qGJ&dkufaemf}
pmrsufESm (324)
olYvufzsm;awG csufcsif; at;pufoGm;\/ ol &efrjzpfcsifyg/
]ighnD tvkyfjyKwfatmif ukef;acsmwm rif;vm;uG? rif; b,favmuf

rdkufvdkYvJ}
od'¨dwdkYxuf MuD;onfhtkyfpkAdkvfu 'Dyghab;rSm&yfí ar;onf/ 'Dygu

olYukvm;xkdifrS rwfwyfx&yfjyD; xdkoludk rsufESmcsif;qdkifvdkuf\/ xdkol\t&yfu
'DygESifh rwdrf;r,drf;yJ/ odkYaomf udk,fcE¨musawmh 'Dyghxuf ESpfqavmuf
MuD;rm;onf/
]cifAsm;nDqdkwm b,folvJ...uRefawmf rodbl;}
]pdefrdk;}
]'gqkd cifAsm; rSm;aejyD? pdefrdk; tvkyfjyKwfwm uRefawmfeJYrqdkifbl;? ol

aiGazsmifwm odoGm;vdkYtvkyfjzKwfcH&wm}
]bmaiGrS razsmifbl;? rif; tusifhr,kwfeJY}
aemufem;rSm &yfaeaom cyfykysufysuf aumifav;u a&SYodkYwdk;vmum

'Dyghtm; vufnSdK;xdk;vsuf atmfygonf/ od'¨d xdkifae&mrS xvdkuf&awmhonf/
]cifAsm;wdkY at;at;aq;aq; ajymygAsm? a'goeJYr&Sif;ygeJY}
]aymhaumif...rif;rqkdif&if tomae}
pmrsufESm (325)
tMuD;aumifu od'¨dtm; vufjzifh aqmifhwGef;vdkufonf/ owdxm;

aeonfhMum;rSyif od'¨donf twGef;udk ra&SmifvdkufekdifbJ aemufodkY,dkifoGm;\/ ol
a'goaxmif;ceJ xGufoGm;onf/ odkYaomf rsdKodyfxm;vdkuf\/ rrsdKodyfedkifolu
'Dyg jzpfonf/
]rif;wdkY &efrpeJYaemf? at;aq;jyefxGufoGm;}
]aymhaumifav;awG... aymhaumifav;awG? awmfMuprf;}
qdkifaumifwmrS vlMuD;u od'¨dwdkYqDvm&ef xdkif&mrS xvdkuf\/ odkYaomf

ol tem;odkYra&mufao;rD 'DygESifh tMuD;aumifESifh csaeMujyD/ 'Dygonf pm;yGJudk
qGJvSefypfvkdufjyD; acsmifxJrS csufcsif; ckefxGufvmedkifcJh\/ tMuD;aumifu 'Dygudk
vufoD;jzifh txkd;? 'Dygu ,dkifoGm;aomfvnf; ukvm;xkdifudk qGJ,lvsuf xkdoludk
azsmif;ceJ &kdufxnfhvdkufavonf/ xdkol 'l;axmufvsuf vJusoGm;cJhonf/
od'¨donf wpfcgrS &efyGJrSm 0ifrygbl;ojzifh wpfcPaMumifoGm;\/

xkdYaemuf ti,faumif oHk;a,mufu 'Dyghtm; 0dkif;xm;jyD; qGJrdqGJ&m qGJxdk;aeMu
wmudk jrifawmhrS owd0ifvmum olwdkYxJu wpfa,mufudk vufoD;jzifh 0ifxdk;jyD;
zsefajz&onf/ odkYaomf vludk,fcE¨mawG vIyf&Sm;rIawG a&mae\/
]awmfawmh...awmfjyD? 'Dyg...jyefr,f}
'Dygudk &atmif qGJxkwfrS jzpfrnf/ &efyGJaMumifh tcsKyfcef;a&muf trIjzpf

MuefYMum&wmrsdK;udk olrvdkcsifyg/ 'Dyghvufarmif;udk ZGwfqGJvsuf qdkifjyifodkY
ac:xkwfzdkY MudKpm;cdkuf od'¨d\ em;xifodkYvufoD;wpfcsuf vmxdonf/ em;xJrSm
pmrsufESm (326)
tloGm;\/ odkYaomf olbmrS vSnfhrMunfhtm;? 'Dyghvufudk trdt& qGJxm;\/

onftxJrS jrefjref xGufzkdYyJ pdwfapmaeonf/
]'Dyg...jyefpdkY}
'Dyghudk ZGwfqGJcsKyfxdef;vsuf qdkiftjyifodkYqGJxkwfvmcJh&onf/ 'Dygonf

a'gowMuD;jzifh ol ac:&modkYvkdufygvm\/ qdkifywf0ef;usifrSm vlawG
ymdkem;'Dem;rS a&mufvm tuJcwfaeMuonf/
]rif;ygvdkY...rif;ryg&if ig 'DaumifawG tukefarSmufoGm;atmif vkyfrSm}
'Dygu olYvufrS &kef;xGuf&if; tcJraMupGm ajym\/ qdkifxJrS

usefonfhtkyfpkuvnf; &JvmrSm aMumufvdkYvm; rod? wpfa,mufpD qdkifxJrSm
cyfvSsdKvSsdK jyefxGufonf/ ESpfa,muf oHk;a,muf.../
]uJyguGm? igwdkYum;vufrSwf oGm;0,fMu&atmifyg}
od'¨du azsmif;zs&if; qdkifwHpufjrdwfatmufrS txGuf...
]aymh...aymhaumif...rvkyfeJY}
qdkifxJrS vlwpfa,muf\ txdwfwvefYowday;oHudk Mum;vdkuf&\/

olYpdwfxJ xifhceJ jzpfoGm;um aemufjyefvSnfhMunfhrdawmh rsufvHk;awG
jyma0oGm;atmif wkefvIyfoGm;onf/ csdKapmif;rS aoG;awG ,dkusaeaom
tMuD;qHk;aumifonf olwkdYqDodkY vSsyfjyufovdk wpf[kefxdk; ajy;vmonf/
xkdvl\ vufxJrSm 0if;ceJ vufoGm;onfh t&mwpfck.../
pmrsufESm (327)
od'¨donf olYaemufrSm uyfygvmonfh 'Dyghtm; ab;odkY tm;ukef

wGef;xnfhvdkuf\/ 'Dyg ab;odkY ,dkiftusrSm od'¨d\ udk,fcE¨monf
a&SYu0ifvmaom udk,fcE¨mESifh t&Sdefjyif;pGm aqmifhrdoGm;onf/ b,fbuf0rf;Adkuf
qDrSm pl;ceJ emusifrIa0'em? ukd,fcE¨mcsif; 0ifaqmifhrdonfht&Sdef? roJruGJ
nnf;wGm;oHESifhtwl od'¨daemufodkY vefoGm;onf/
]udkudk...}
pl;pl;&S&S atmfvkdufonfh 'DyghtoHonf qlnHoGm;aom tmar!dwfoH

wcsdKUESifhtwl a&moGm;\/ ajryifay:odkY t&Sdefjyif;pGm ypfvJusoGm;onfudk
olodvkdufonf/ &kwfw&uf olbmjzpfoGm;rSef; rodvdkuf/ emusifvSaom
a0'emqDodkY olYvufu pdwfrSwfrJh oGm;tkyfudkifrdonfhtcg olYvufwGif ylaEG;aom
t&nfwcsdKYudk prf;rdonf/ aoG;awGvm;.../ olYwpfukd,fvHk;rSm &SdorSs cGeftm;awG
tjyifodkY,dkpdrfhxGufoGm;ovdkyif tiftm;awG csufcsif; qkwf,kwfukef\/
'Dygonf od'¨dab;rSm 'l;axmufxkdifcsvdkufonf/
]'Dyg...}
xkdpum;vHk;ESpfvHk;udk oJhoJhav; ola&&GwfedkifzdkY MuD;rm;vSpGm tiftm;pdkuf&

ygonf/ 0rf;Adkufudk zdxm;aom olYvufonf ab;odkYjyKwfusoGm;onf/
]udkudk..vkyfygOD;? uRefawmfhtpfudkudk u,fMuygOD;}
pmrsufESm (328)
'Dygu ayGYxlvdkufaomtcg od'¨d\aysmhacGaeaom OD;acgif;onf

vom;t&G,f uav;wpfa,muf\ OD;acgif;vdkyif 'Dygh&ifcGifxJrSm
vefusoGm;onf/
od'¨d\rsufvHk;awG txufodkYvefoGm;jyD; rSdwfusroGm;cif aemufqHk;

jrifvkduf&onfh tjrifyHk&dyfrSm emusifwkefvIyfpGm idkaMuG;vdkufonfh 'DyghrsufESm
jzpfonf/
pmrsufESm (329)
(23)
wdrfr&SdwJhaeY
n...jyD;awmh wdrfr&SdwJh aeYwpfaeY
tJ'gawmif MuD;rm;wJh rkefwdkif;MuD;u
wpfaeYrSm
olwdkYacgif;ay: jydKus aygufuGJvmvdrfhr,f?
cg;oD;wJh aumif;uifqDuaygh/
(Robert Graves)
teufa&mif tarSmifxkxJrSm ol aygavmarsmaeonf/ teufa&mif

wdrfawG olYudk vmxdoGm;onf/ wdrfonf at;pufaeonf/ olYrsufESmudk
vmxdonfh tawGYrSm at;puf&Hkru pdkpGwfcGsJusdaeonf/ ol rsufESmudk &kef;z,fzdkY
MudK;pm;onf/ r&yg/ olonf wpfqHcsnfuav;rSsyif udk,fcE¨mudk rvIyfa&TYedkifyg/
ol touf&Ivdkufaom avonf taiGYyg;yg;r[kwfbJ xlyspfat;cJaeovdkyJ/
ol&I&Iduf&wm tvGef yifyef;aeygonf/ at;cJaom avu olYtqkwfxJodkY
ap;yspfwGefYwdkpGm 0ifa&mufvm\/ ol at;cJvGef;ojzifh wqwfqwf wkefaeonf/
arar...
pmrsufESm (330)
olYa&SYcyfvSrf;vSrf;rSm arar&yfaeonf/ ararhvufxJrSm t0wfjzLjzifh

axG;ayGYxm;aom t&mwpfck &Sdonf/ xkdt&mrSm uav;wpfa,muf\ udk,fcE¨m[k
olrjrif&bJ odae\/ xkdt&mudk araronf vufxJrS vTwfcszdkYtm;,laeonf/
olY&ifxJrSm usyfcJum emusifvmonf/
rvkyfygeJYarar...
odkYaomf xkdt&monf ararhvufxJrS vGwfusoGm;\/ uav;idkoHonf

avxkxJrSm pl;pl;&S&S vGifhysHoGm;onf/ ol xdkt0wfxkyfuav;udk vdkufzrf;zdkY
olMudK;pm;onf/
odkYaomf olYudk,fcE¨mudk wpfqHcsnfrSsifrSsyif ol rvIyf&Sm;edkifao;ay/

t0wfjzLuav;onf ymdk;atmuf euf&SdKif;vSpGmaom atmufajcqDxd vsifjrefpGm
w&dyf&dyf usqif;vsuf &Sdonf/ atmufajcESifh xdrdonfh bkwfceJ toHudk ol
xdwfvefYwkefvIyfpGm apmifhae\/ olMum;&onfrSm idk&SdKufoHwpfckom jzpfonf/
xkdidkoHrSm ararhtoH[k olodonf
]ridkygeJYrr... uav; raoedkifygbl;}
cyfwdk;wdk; a,musfm;oHwpfck/ xdktoHonf olYtem;rSm uyfajymvdkufjcif;

jzpfojzifh em;xJrSm avwdk;0ifoH oJhoJhudkyif Mum;&onf/ tJonftoHudk
olodonf/
avmurSm vufpm;acsvdkYrausekdifwJh t&IH;awG trsm;MuD; &Sdw,f/
xkdtoHonf emusifaMuuGJolwpfa,muf\toHjzpfonf/
pmrsufESm (331)
xkdtoHaMumifhyif aygavmarsmaeaom olYudk,fcE¨mudk olZGwfuef

&kef;vdkufrdonf/ odkYaomf ol &kef;vdkYr&yg/ vufawGrsm;pGm olYtm; zrf;csKyf
xdef;xm;Muonf/
]ray;csifbl; arar? om;&JYaoG;awG udkudkYudk ray;csifbl;? ray;yg&apeJY}
'Dyg/ 'Dyg aeaumif;vm;/
'Dyghudk ol rawGY&wm MumjyD/
'Dyg.../
ol atmfac:vdkuf\/ olYtoHudkvnf; wpfpHkwpfcku xdef;csKyfxm;

ygonf/
udkudk...igvrf;xdyfcPoGm;rvdkYbmrSmOD;rvJ/
'Dygonf olYa&SYrSm rwfwyf&yfvsuf &Sdonf/ 'DyghvufxJrSm

wa,mwpfvuf udkifxm;onf/ 'Dygu wa,mMuD;eJY.../ wa,mMuD;eJY vrf;xdyfudk
oGm;r,f? &,fp&mMuD;/ oltoHxGufí &,frdonf/ ol&,fvdkufaomtcg
ukd,fcE¨m wpfae&mqDrS pl;pl;eifheifh emusifoGm;ygonf/
roGm;ygeJY...'Dyg/ rif; jyefvmrSm r[kwfbl;/ igodw,f/ roGm;&bl;/
]uRefawmfhaoG;udk ,lyg...? uRefawmfhaoG;uvJ bDaoG;yJ? tdyfcsftdkifAGD

euf*wpfAf? aocsmygw,f}
pmrsufESm (332)
olYa&SYrSm aea&mifcefYudk jrif&onf/ aea&mifcefY\vufxJrSm eD&Jaom

yef;oD;wpfvHk;udk udkifxm;\/ xkdyef;oD;udk olYtm;vSrf;ay;onf/ ol r,lyg/
uRefawmf rpm;csifbl;/ aea&mifcefYu ZGwfay;onf/ ol ,lpm;vdkufonfhtcg
eD&Jaom yef;oD;onf aoG;awG jzpfoGm;onf/ aea&mifcefY\ rsufESmrS aoG;awG
jzpfonf/ ol tvefYwMum; vTwfcsvdkuf\/ olYvufxJu t&monf yef;oD;
r[kwfojzifh vTwfcsvdkYusroGm;yg/ olYvufrSm ayusHaecJhonf/ xdkaoG;awGudk
olokwfypfzdkY puúLwpfckck &Smonf/ rawGY/
ol cg;oD;rkef;wD;pGm atmfympfvkduf\/
olYtoH\jyif;xefaom t&Sdefjzifh olonf vGifhpOfoGm;avonf/ ol

tonf; at;ceJ wkefoGm;\/
vGifhpOfrIonf rjyD;qHk;edkifawmhay/ tjrifhrS ol vGifhpOfjyKwfusvmjcif;

jzpfonf/ olodonf/ odkYaomf ol atmufajcwGif rnfonfht&m0w¬KqDodkY
usoGm;rnfvJ... olrodekdifay/ ol bmudkrS rjrif&ay/ ausmufaqmifrsufESmjyif
wpfckay:odkY usedkifonf/ xkdodkYomqdkvSsif olYudk,fcE¨monf tpdwfpdwf tjrTmjrTm
uGJjzwfvGifhpOfoGm;edkifonf/ odkYr[kwf yifv,fjyifwpfckqDodkY usedkifonf/
xdkodkYomqdkvSsif olYudk,fcE¨monf t&Sdefjzifh a&atmufodkY euf&SdKif;pGm
epf0ifoGm;edkifonf/ jyefwufvdkY&awmhrSm r[kwf/ olodonf/
olonf olb,fvdkt&mrsdK;qD usaewmvJ[k vHk;0MudKwif rodcsifay/

wwfedkifvSsifawmh vGifhpOf&m vrf;wpfavSsmufwGif touf00 &IoGm;csifonf/
,ckvdk cufcJqif;&JpGm tiftm;pdkufjyD; toufr½vdkawmhay/
pmrsufESm (333)
rif;cspfwJholtwGuf toufpGefY&Jvm;/
jrwfaumif;u olYudk ar;aeonf/ wu,fawmh olonf b,folYtwGufrS

toufudk pGefYrdvdrfhrnf[k rxifcJhrday/ rpGefYbl;...[k olajzvdkufonf/
okdYaomf toufpGefY0Hhjcif; r0Hhjcif;qdkonfrSm qifjcifawG;qrIESifh

rqdkifaom t&mawG jzpf\/ MudKwifrSef;qvdkYr&onfht&mawG jzpf\/
vSsyfjyufovdk w'*Fay:vmaom tajctaewpfckwGif Zmwdpdwfoufoufjzifh
jyKrlvdkufaom udpörsdK; jzpf\/ xdkZmwdpdwfudk wGef;tm;ay;onfht&mrSm
wpfckwnf; jzpfonf/
cspf...jcif;...arwåm.../
'Dyg...tdrfjyefvdkufcJhyg/
vGifhpOfrIt&Sdefonf ydkí ydkí jref&rnfhtpm; aES;auG;vm\/
aemufqHk; olonf aysmhtdaom t&m0w¬wpfckay:odkYaES;auG;av;vHpGm

usoGm;onf/ aEG;axG;aom wdrfwdkufwpfckjzpfonf/ xdkaEG;axG;rIwGif
olepf0ifoGm;onf/ ol tdyfcsifvSygjyD/ ol yifyef;vSygjyD/ ol &kef;uefaeorSs
tiftm;awGudk avSsmhcsvdkufonf/ tdyfvdkufawmhrnf/ xdkYaemuf olonf
t&m&mESifh uif;uGmoGm;avonf/
yxrOD;qHk; olpwif&vdkufonfh tm&HkrSm wdwfqdwfrI jzpfonf/ xdkYaemuf

aEG;axG;rI.../ aysmhaysmif;aom t&m aEG;axG;aom t&may:wGif olYudk,fcE¨m
xdawGYaeonf/
pmrsufESm (334)
xdkYaemuf udk,fcE¨mwpfae&mqDrS emusifrI? xkdYaemuf tarSmifxk?

uRefawmf aojyDvm;/ ol rsufpdudk tm;pdkufí zGifhMunfhvdkufonf/ olYrsufcGHawG
av;vHydwfusaejcif;aMumifh avmuwpfckvHk; arSmifaewm.../ rsufpdukd
zGifhvkdufvSsif olonf tvif;a&mifudk jrif&rSm trSefyJ/ ol tiftm;pdkufí
zGifhvdkufonf/ pl;pl;0g;0g; tvif;wef;wpfck... olYrsufvHk;awG usdef;pyfoGm;ojzifh
csufcsif; jyefydwfypfvdkuf&\/
]om;...}
ararhtoH.../ ta0;MuD;rS vmovdk oJhoJhwkd;wdk;uav; jzpfonf/
]om;a& od'¨d}
arar/ ol ararhudk ac:vdkuf\/ odkYaomf olYEIwfcrf;awG vIyf&Sm;vdkYr&/

xkdYaMumifh rsufvHk;udk aoG;&l;aoG;wef; zGifhMunfhvdkuf\/ pl;&Saomtvif;a&mif/
olYrsufESm txufwGif tkyfrdk;xm;aom rsufESmwpfck? cyf0g;0g; yHk&dyfwpfck/
odkYaomf cyf0g;0g;yHk&dyfjzifhyif 'g araryJ[k olodonf/
]arar}
]om; edk;vmjyD...om; owd&vmjyD}
arar\ 0rf;om;vSdKufvSJrIjzifh wkefcdkufaomtoH/
pmrsufESm (335)
tckxdawmh ol raoao;bl;/ odkYaomf olYcE¨mudk,fwpfckvHk; bmcGeftm;rS

rusefawmhavmufatmif aysmhzwfum tcGHoufoufjzpfaeonf/ aoG;awG
wpfpufrS rusefatmif azmufxkwfcHxm;&ovdkyif/
]om;...ao...rSm...vm;}
olYtoHonf wkd;wdwfazsmhawmhpGm xGufvm\/
]raobl;? om; raoygbl;}
]aoG;...aoG;awG}
ararhrsufESmonf 0g;raeawmhbJ yDjyifvmonf/ ararhyg;jyifrSm

rsuf&nfprsm;udkyif oljrifae&jyD/
]raMumufeJYom;...? om;udk,fxJrSm aoG;awG jyefxnfhxm;vdkufjyD? om;

aeaumif;oGm;rSm}
arar\ aEG;axG;ajcmufaoGYaom vufz0g;u olYvufudk

qkyfnSpfvmonf/
ol aeaumif;oGm;rSm.../
ol jyHK;vsuf jyeftdyfaysmfoGm;ygonf/
]tzsm;&Sdao;vm;ymif}
wdk;wdwfaom a,musfm;oHwpfckjzifh ol tdyf&mrS edk;vmcJhonf/
pmrsufESm (336)
]enf;enf;...? edkifwDedkif;ydGKifh wl; &Sdao;w,f}
ararhtoH wdk;wdk;/
ol a&qmaeonf/ EIwfcrf;awG ajcmufaoGYum tufuGJaeonfudk

cHpm;&\/
]awmfawmfusoGm;jyDyJ? rr...jyeftdyfawmhav? uRefawmf apmifhvdkufyghr,f}
aea&mifcefY/
olonf cg;oD;aom a0'emjzifh jAKef;ceJ rsufpdzGifhvdkufonf/

oljrifvkduf&onfu olpdrf; trsdK;orD;rsufESmwpfck/ olemjyKq&mrjzpfonf/
]aymm...edk;vmjyD}
]a&...}
teD0wf olemjyKq&mru olYtm; pwD;ZGef;ao;ao;xJrS a&udk

enf;enf;csif; wdkufonf/ ol r0yg/ olemjyKq&mr\ aemufbufrS ararESifhtwl
&yfí iHkYMunfhaeaom olrSm aea&mifcefYjzpfonf/ aea&mifcefYu olYtm; jyHK;vsuf
ar;onf/
]aeaumif;&JYvm; od'¨d}
ol rsufvHk; rSdwfypfvdkuf\/
]arar...olYudk ac:rvmeJY}
pmrsufESm (337)
]tdk... om;&,f... b,fhES,fajymvdkufwmvJ? om;tay: 'Davmuf

apwemxm;wJh oludk}
]rr...aeygap rr? rajymygeJY? od'¨dudk uRefawmf em;vnfygw,f}
em;vnfygw,f/ xkdpum;onf olYudk,fcE¨mxJ&Sd aoG;rsm;

qlyGufoGm;atmif avmifjrdKufvmaom rD;wpfck jzpf\/ ol rsufvHk;zGifhMunfhum
a'gowMuD; atmfympfypfvdkufrdonf/
]cifAsm; em;rvnfygbl;}
ol ykwfrdykwf&m ykwfxkwfvdkufonfrSm q&mr\ vufjzpfae\/ q&mr

vufxJu a&zefcGufESifh ZGef; vGifhpOfusuGJoGm;onf/ q&mr uysmu,m
iHkYaumufvkdufonf/
]om;...}
arar olYvufudk cyfzGzG qkyfnSpfvm\/
]om; tJvdk rajymaumif;bl;av? om;udk,fxJudk xnfhay;xm;wm

aea&mif&JU aoG;awG...}
]rr...}
olYem;xJrSm avwdk;oHawGjzifh w0kef;0kef; qlnHoGm;onf/ avxkonf

yljyif;pGm usyfcJav;vHoGm;\/ ol aMumif t pGm wpfukd,fvHk; ylxloGm;onf/
pmrsufESm (338)
ae...a&mif...&JU ...aoG;...awG/
rjzpf&bl;? tJ'Dvdk rjzpf&bl;/ arar bmvkyfvkdufwmvJ/ om; olYudk

b,favmufrkef;w,fqdkwm arar odvsufom;eJY/ ol toHukef atmfympf
ypfvkdufrdonf/
]olYaoG;awG...rvdkcsifbl;? olYaoG;awGudk om;rvdkcsifbl;}
]om;}
olonf &SdorSs cGeftm;jzifh tdyf&may:rS xzdkYMudK;pm;onf/ olYudk,fcE¨mrSm

EGrf;e,ftm;aysmhvGef;ojzifh vIyf&HkyJ vIyfedkifcJhygonf/ olemjyKq&mrESifh araru
od'¨dtm; rxatmif tomt,m zday;Muonf/
]rxeJYav om;? om; udk,fxJrSm csKyf&dk;awGeJY}
aea&mifcefYonf ckwifab;rSm cyfilil&yfvsuf olwdkYtm; ai;Munfh

aecJhygonf/
]tJ'DaoG;awG om;udk,fxJudk arar bmvdkYxnfhay;cJhwmvJ? tJ'DaoG;awG

azmufxkwfay;}
]od'¨d...}
araronf pdwf&IyfaxG;aemufusdpGm olYudk atmfvdkufygonf/ ararh

atmfoHaMumifh olYa'goawG csufcsif; aysmufuG,fatmifyif 0rf;enf;oGm;ygonf/
pmrsufESm (339)
]arar om;udk em;rvnfygbl;}
araru od'¨d\ezl;udk tomiHkYerf;vdkuf\/
]om;udk arar em;vnfygw,f om;&,f? om; olYudk b,favmuf

pdwfqdk;aecJhw,fqdkwm ararodygw,f? 'gayrJh om;av;&JU udk,fxJudk
pdwftcs&qHk; aoG;udkyJ ay;csifwJh apwemeJYyg om;}
]'gayrJh... tJ'DaoG;eJYtouf&Sifaer,fhtpm; aoypfvdkufwmudkyJ om;

vdkcsifw,f arar? om; aocsifygw,f}
ol ,lusHK;r&pGm azsmhawmhaomavoHjzifh nnf;nLrdawmh arar

rsuf&nfus ygonf/
]om;av;...wu,f em;rvnfwmu om;u em;rvnfwm? aea&mifu

om;udk xm;wJh oHa,mZOfudk om; em;rvnfwm}
]bmoHa,mZOfvJ? bmoHa,mZOfvJ... tckymmu ararhudk 0,fzkdY

MudK;pm;wm? arar 'DavmufrS rodbl;vm;}
]awmfjyD...awmfjyD? 'Dpum;awG aemufrS ajymMuyg? tpfrMuD;wdkY

cPxGufoGm;vdkufygvm;? vlem odyfyifyef;aejyD}
olemjyKq&mru ararhtm; vufarmif;rS cyfzGzG qGJac:xkwfonfhtcg

araronf t&kyfwpf&kyfvdk ygoGm;\/
pmrsufESm (340)
od'¨donf olYudk,fxJrSm pD;qif;aeaom aoG;wdkY\ toHudkyif

Mum;ae&ovdk &Sdonf/ xkdaoG;wdkY\ toHonf cg;oD;rIudk ydkí ydkí rsm;aponf/
xdkaoG;wdkY\ydkif&Sifudk ol vSrf;Munfh\/ xkdYaemuf wif;rmaomtoHjzifh wHk;wdpGm
ajymrdonf/
]cifAsm;udk uRefawmf taz rawmfedkifbl;}
aea&mifcefYonf AvmoufoufrsufESmjzifh a&SYodkYwpfvSrf; ESpfvSrf;

wdk;vmonf/ vufnSdK;udk EIwfcrf;qDwGif uefYvefYjzwfxm;vsuf ]&S...&S...}[k
ymefYwm;onf/
xdkYaemuf wdk;wdwfpGm ajymonf/
]uRefawmfhudk cifAsm; taz rawmf&ygbl;? b,fawmhrS rawmf&ygbl;?

uRefawmf uwday;w,f? jidrfjidrfav; rsufpdrSdwfjyD; aeawmh...aemf? aoG;jyef,dkvmrS
pdk;vdkY}
ol rsufpdrSdwfypfvdkufonf/
odkYaomf olYudk,fcE¨mxJwGif aoG;ESpfrsdK; a&mpyfaejyD[lonfh tawG;udk

b,fvdkrS azsmufzsufr&/ olonf olr[kwfawmhovdk cHpm;&\/ od'¨dwpf0uf
aea&mifcefY wpf0uf a&maejyD/ ararhudk apmfum;olESifhrS a&mpyfrdavjcif;/
xdktjzpfonf olYb0wpfavSsmufvHk;wGif jyefajymif;vdkYr&awmhom rSm;,Gif;rIwpfck
jzpfoGm;jyD/
pmrsufESm (341)
(24)
rMumao;cifurS
olwdkYavSsmufvSrf;0ifoGm;cJh&mvrf;yg/
eH&Hay:rSm jzLzyfjzLa&mf csdwfqGJxm;vdkufjyD/
(Paul Farley)
ol tenf;i,f csrf;pdrfhaeonf/ ol wpfcsuf wkefoGm;\/
]'Dyg... tJuGef; ydwfay;}
'Dyg xdkif&mrS xjyD; Remote Control vdkuf&Smum avat;pufudk

vSrf;ydwfvdkufygonf/ ausmif;0wfpHk tjzLtpdrf;jzifh 'Dygonf ausmif;om;i,f
wpfa,muf jyefjzpfoGm;jyD/ qHyifonf ararhpdwfMudKuf bdkauwkdwkd jyefjzpfoGm;jyD/
olYabmvHk;toif;u ig;*dk;edkifcJhojzifh b0ifenf;enf; jrifhaeaom refae*sm&kyf
ppfppfjzifh 'Dygckwif qDodkYjyefavSsmufvmonf/
]csrf;vm;? apmifjcHKrvm;}
od'¨d acgif;,rf;vdkuf\/ 'Dygu cHkrSm rxdkifbJ od'¨d\ ckwifab;pGef;

uGufvyfwGif 0ifxkdifonf/
]igMunfhcsifw,f? jyrvm; udkudk}
pmrsufESm (342)
]Munfhav...}
'Dygu od'¨d\ tusÐMu,foD;wcsdKYudk jzKwfum tusÐudk ab;odkYqGJyifh,lí

'Pf&mudk iHkYMunfhavonf/ b,fbufeH&dk;atmufem;rS tndKa&mif rsOf;wdkav;
wpfckvdk xif;aeaom omrefta&jym;rS enf;enf;zkaeaom "m;'Pf&mtem&Gwfudk
'Dygu olYvufjzifh zGzGoyfMunfhonf/
]rif;udk igem;rvnfbl;? rif;bmjzpfvdkYtJ'Dvdk 0ifcH&wmvJ? wu,fqdk

rif;u ighxufydkjyD; wefzdk; &Sdwmyg? vlYb0rSm ig&SdaewmeJYpm&if rif;&Sdaewmu
ydkjyD; tzdk;wefrSm? rif;'Dvdk vkyfzdkYraumif;bl;}
od'¨d bmrS rajymyg/ rdom;pkcspfjcif; arwåmonf tzdk;wefrI rwefrIESifh

wdkif;wmvdkYr&yg/
]wu,fvdkYrsm;...rajymaumif; ajymaumif; rif; aooGm;cJh&if ig b,fvdk

touf&SifusefcJhrvJ rif;awG;Munfhrd&JYvm; ymif}
'Dygu 'Pf&mqDodkYai;pdkufMunfhae&mu ar;onf/ od'¨d 'Dygh

rsufvHk;awGudk tuJcwf Munfhrd\/ rsuf&nfvnfaeovdkyJ pdkpGwfae\/
rdrdaooGm;cJhvSsif 'Dyg wu,fyJ pdwfraumif;jzpfjyD; usefcJhrSmvm;/
]ighwpfoufvkH; aemifwawGeJY &l;jyD; usefcJhrSm}
od'¨d 'Dyghvufudk tomqGJz,fvdkufonf/
pmrsufESm (343)
]rqdkifygbl;uGm? 'gu ighbmomig a&G;wJhvrf;yJ? awmfjyD pdwfraumif;

rjzpfeJY? tck igvJ aorS raoao;wm}
'Dygu tusÐMu,foD; jyefwyfay;&if; rsufawmif wzswfzswf

cwfavonf/
]'gayrJh rif; ightwGufawmh aoG;ray;csifcJhygbl;}
ol cyfwdk;wdk; ajymvdkufaom pum;onf 'Dyghudk t&Sdefjyif;pGm

xdrSefoGm;cJhonf/ 'Dyg qwfceJ wkefoGm;\/ xkdYaemuf tcef;eH&HbufqDodkY
rsufESmvTJypfvdkufonf/
tcef;onf &kwfw&uf wdwfqdwfoGm;ygonf/
xdkYaemuf 'Dyg\ touf½IoHjyif;jyif;udk olpwifMum;&onf/ xkdYaemuf

'Dyg olYbufodkY jyefvSnhfMunfhonf/
][kwfw,f...? igaoG;ray;csifbl;? bmjzpfvdkYvJqdkawmh...}
'Dygonf olYrsufESmudk vuf0g;ESpfzufjzifh tkyfum usdwfí

&IdKufiifaeonf/ ol pdwf&IyfaxG;pGmyif ylyefoGm;\/ 'DyghrsufESmrS 'Dygh
vufacsmif;rsm;udk pdk;&drfwMuD; qGJz,fypfvkdufrdonf/
]'Dyg...}
]bmjzpfvdkYvJqdkawmh ighrSm...ymdk...ymdka&m*g &SdaejyD xifvdkYyg}
pmrsufESm (344)
]bmajymw,f...bma&m*gvJ}
]attdkif'Dtufpf...}
ymm.../
olYwpfudk,fvHk;onf euf&SdKif;aom acsmufurf;yg;xJodkY wpf&Sdefxdk;

pdkufusoGm;ovdk wkefvIyfpGm acsmufcsm;oGm;awmhonf
]bmvdkY&Sd&rSmvJ? rif; bmjzpfcJhvdkYvJ}
'Dyg rajzyg/ od'¨d\arGY&mcif;prS ESif;qDyef;yGifhyHkuav;wpfckudk vufjzifh

xdwdkYvsuf acgif;iHkYpdkufaecJhonf/ ol pdwfr&SnfpGm xdkvufudk qGJ,lypfvdkuf\/
]'Dyg...ighudk ajymprf;yg}
]ighaoG;udkr&&if rif;aoudk aoawmhrSm qdk&ifawmh? tJ'DtjzpfrsdK;rdkY

a&G;p&mr&Sdawmhbl; qdk&ifawmh rif;udk ig taob,fcHyghrvJ udkudk? ighudk ,Hkyg?
'gayrJh wjcm; a&G;p&mawG &SdaewJh tcsdefrSmawmh ig rif;udk aoG;ray;ekdifbl;?
aoG;ray;csifbl;}
'Dyg rsuf&nfusygonf/
]ightwGufeJYrif; aovkarsmyg; 'Pf&m&cJhjyD;jyD? tJ'geJYwif ig

pdwfqif;&JvSjyD ukdudk? ighaoG;udk rif;udk,fxJ oGif;&avmufatmif ig xyfrrSm;
csifawmhbl;? ighudk pdwfrqdk;eJY}
pmrsufESm (345)
ol tdyfae&mrSxxdkifum 'Dyghtm; ayGYzufvkdufawmh 'Dyg olYycHk;ay:

rsufESmtyfum cyfwdk;wdk; idkavonf/ od'¨donf yljyif;avmifjrdKufpGm emusifvS
aom&ifudk yGifhxGufoGm;atmif atmfympfypfvkdufcsif\/ vufawGYrSmawmh
ratmfjzpfyg/ pdwf"mwfusaeaom nDtwGuf olu pdwf"mwfrmrS jzpfonf/
]ig rif;udk tjypfwifvkdYvm;? ig bmrS rajymbJeJY? wdwf...wdwf...rikdeJY?

wdkYawG pdk;&drfaewJh t&mawG b,fESpfckrsm; jzpfcJhzl;vdkYvJ}
ol 'Dyg\aemufausmudk cyfzGzG ykwfvkduf\/
]tck igvJ raobl;? rif;vJ tdrfjyefa&mufaejyD? ararvJ a,musfm;

r,lbl;? tm;vHk;u t&iftwdkif;yJav}
]t&iftwkdif;awmh r[kwfawmhygbl;? ighrSm...}
]rif;rSm a&m*gjzpfaejyDvdkYrif; b,fol ajymvJ}
'Dygu olYudk,fol xdef;edkifoGm;um od'¨dxHrS &kef;z,fxGufvkduf\/

xdkYaemuf cyf&Suf&Sufjzifh toHxGuf&,fum rsuf&nfawG yGwfokwfypfvkduf
ygonf/
]b,folrS rajymbl;? igxifwm}
]rif;xifae&HkeJY&rvm;? aoG;ppfMunfhrS odrSmaygh}
]ppfvkdYr&ao;bl;wJh? udkaea&mifcefYu ajymw,f? tJ...}
pmrsufESm (346)
'Dygonf pum;ajym&if;u csufcsif;&yfypfvkdufum tdk;wdk;trf;wrf;

jzpfoGm;onf/
]aqm&D;...araru rif;a&SYrSm tJ'Demrnf rajym&bl;wJh}
]vkyfraeygeJY? ajymprf;yg? bmvdkYppfvdkYr&&rSmvJ}
]tJ'Da&m*gydk; 0ifoGm;edkifwJh tajctaeeJYMuHKjyD;wJhaemuf tenf;qHk; oHk;v

rMumrcsif; a&m*g&Sdr&Sd ray:ao;bl;wJh}
olwkdYESpfa,muf aigifoGm;Muonf/ xdkYaemufrS ol 'Dyghudk

ar;zdkYowd&oGm;onf/
]tJ'gu b,fwkef;u MuHKcJhwmvJ? rMumao;bl;vm;}
'Dygonf rsufESmcsif;qdkifrS od'¨dudk cyfqqMunfhvsuf ajym&rvm;

rajymbJ xm;&aumif;rvm;[k csdefqaeymef &Sdonf/ xkdYaemuf pdwfudk
qHk;jzwfymefjzifh oufjyif;wpfcsuf &SdKufum ajymygonf/
]ig tdrfu xGufwJhaeYuyJ}
olwdkYESpfa,muf wpfa,mufudk wpfa,muf pdkufai;aerdMu\/
]bm...bmjzpfvdkYvJymif 'Dyg}
]ig...tJ'DaeYu ukefum;MuD;wpfpD;eJY vdkufoGm;w,f? ,if;rmyifxdyJ?

tJ'g...vrf;rSm rdef;rwpfa,mufeJYawGYwm}
pmrsufESm (347)
rdef;rwpfa,muf.../ xdkpum;vHk;onf &dk;&dk;pif;pif;yJ od'¨dem;xJodkY

0ifvmcJhojzifh xdkpum;vHk;\ aemufuG,frS tjzpftysufrsm;udk &kwfw&uf
rpOf;pm;rday/ rdef;rwpfa,mufudk vrf;rSmawGYw,f...tJ'g bmjzpfvJ/
]udkudk...tJ'gudk rif; ararhudk jyefrajymeJYaemf}
]tif;...}
tJonftxdvnf; oltajzr&ao;ay/
]ararhudkawmh igu wpfrsdK;ajymxm;wm? eHygwfzdk;tkyfpkeJY cP

aygif;rdwkef;u olwdkYvdkyJ wpfcg prf;Munfhzl;vdkYvdkY igajymxm;w,f? trSeftwdkif;
od&if araridkvdrfhr,f...aemf udkudk}
arar idkvdrfhr,f/ rdef;rwpfa,mufeJYawGYwm.../
ymm...'Daumif/
olY&ifxJrSm 'def;ceJ aqmifhckefoGm;wmudk cHpm;vkduf&\/ olYvufzsm;awG

ajczsm;awG at;pufvmonf/ odkYaomf olYacgif;wpfckvHk;awmh xlyloGm;ygonf/
rdkufvdkufwJhaumif.../ olonf 'Dygtm; pdwf&Sdvuf&Sd qGJaqmifhudkifvIyf

ypfvdkufcsifonf/
]bm...bmtumtuG,frS rygbJeJY...[kwfvm;}
pmrsufESm (348)
]b,fvdkvkyfygyghrvJ? 'DvdkjzpfoGm;vdrfhr,fvdkYigrS rxifbJ? rif;

rodbl;vm;? ig 'grsdK; wpfcgrS rMuHKzl;bl;}
od'¨donf 'Dyg\ ekzwfacsmarGYaeaom rsufESmav;udk r,HkMunfekdifpGm

ai;armaerdonf/ bk&m; bk&m;.../ aMumufp&maumif;aom ajymif;vJrIMuD;wpfckudk
MuHKMudKufcJhol\ rsufESmrSm bmrSrajymif;vJygvm;/ olYtay:rSm EGJYqdk;qdk;csifaom
tjypfuif;pifaom rsufESmuav;/ avmutaMumif; bmrS rod&ao;aom
tjzLxnfoufouf rsufvHk;awG.../
]igav...ighb0udk topfjyefjyifvdkY&&if tJ'DaeYudk jyifypfvkdufcsifw,f}
ol 'DyghycHk;udk zswfceJ wpfcsufykwfí &,fzdkYMudK;pm;vdkufonf/
]pdwfrqif;&JygeJYuGm? tajzrod&ao;bJ pdwfqif;&Jae&wm rwefygbl;}
]b,folvJ rodbl;uG? urÇmhacgif;aqmifwpfa,muf xifw,f...

ajymcJhzl;ovdk? avmuMuD;rSmwJh trSm;vkyfrdoGm;vdkY pdwfqif;&J&wmudk tcsdefu
aysmufatmif ukay;ekdifw,fwJh? vkyf&r,fh tvkyfudk rvkyfvdkufrd&ifom bmeJYrS
ukvdkYr&wJh aemifwawGeJYMuHK&rSmwJh? ymm; ymm;...awmfawmfrSm;wJh pum;MuD;uG?
&l;aMumifrl;aMumifeJY? wu,fawmh trSm;vkyfjyD;&if tJ'gwpfoufvHk; jyifvdkYr&wJh
aemifweJYMuHK&rSm? tJ'gudk olrawG;rdbl;vm;? awmfawmf&,f&wJhvl}
'Dygu &,foHpGufvsuf ajymjyD;aemuf tMumMuD; jidrfoufoGm;ygonf/
]'DaeYtdrfrSm bmymif;csufvJ 'Dyg}
pmrsufESm (349)
ol pum;vTJvdkufonf/
]Muufom;csdKcsOfaMumfeJY ,dk;',m; wHkYrf,Hymif;csdK}
]ymif...igpm;csifvkdufwm}
]rif;twGufu Muufaygif;acgufqGJjyKwf ygw,f}
]awmfjyD}
ol &IHUYrJhoGm;onf/
]araru rif;tdrfrSm r&Sdwkef; ighudk ykpGefawGcsnf; auR;aewm? ykpGefu

taumiftMuD; r[kwfbl;aemf? ao;ao;av;awG? tck igr&SdwJhcgus
ymif;taumif;awG csufw,f? araru rif;tay:rSm rsufESmvdkufw,faemf}
'Dyg oabmuspGm &,f\/
]tJ'g rsufESmvdkufwm r[kwfbl; udkudk&? igu arar... om;udk

csdKcsOfaMumf vkyfay;prf;yg? wHkYrf,rfymif;csdKvJ raomuf&wm MumjyD ararvdkY
ajymvdkY csufauR;wmyg? rif; tJ'Dvdk ylqmzl;vdkYvm;}
ol acgif;,rf;vkdufonf/
]at;...tJ'gqdk cHayghuGm? tcGifhta&;qdkwmrsdK;u tvum; r&bl; udkudk?

awmif;,lrS &wmuG}
]acG;aumif...}
pmrsufESm (350)
'Dyg atmf&,favonf/ 'Dyg\jyHK;&Tifaom rsufESm Mum&SnfwnfwHh

aeapcsifygonf/
]aMomf...'geJYysOf;rem;rSmwkef;u igwdkYpum;jywfoGm;vdkY? ararhudk rif;

ar;p&m&Sdw,f qdkwm ar;jyD;jyDvm;ymif}
'DyghrsufESm tenf;i,f yef;aoG;vTrf;oGm;\/
]tif;...tvum;yg? rif;twGuf &,fp&mMuD;jzpfrSmyg? ightwGufuom

tJ'gMuD;udk wEHkYEHkYeJYyHkMuD;csJYcHpm;ae&wm}
ol pdwf0ifpm;oGm;onf/
]bmwHk;uG...ymif}
]araru ighudk AdkufMuD;wkef;u zsufcszdkYMudK;pm;w,f qdkwmav... rif;

rSwfrdvm;}
ol rodyg/ ol acgif;,rf;vdkufonf/
]ymm...rif;uvJ? a':av;eJYarareJYigwdkYa&SYrSm ajymMuzl;w,fav? rif;u

arhoGm;jyDvm;? 'Dygu uHaumif;vdkY vlYavmuxJ a&mufvmwmwJh? aoawmhrvdkY
qdkwmav}
]igrodbl;}
pmrsufESm (351)
]at;av...rif;uawmh arhrSmaygh? rif;udk zswfcszdkYMudK;pm;cJhwmrS r[kwfbJ?

b,fowd&rvJ? ighrSmom tJ'gMuD;u cPcP acgif;xJ0if0ifvmwm? ararighudk
&dkufwdkif; ig jyefjyefowd&rdw,f}
ol cyfa&;a&; rSwfrdovdk &Sdvmonf/ ararajymzl;onf xifyg&JY/

azazeJYarar uGm&Sif;jywfpJzdkY jyóemjzpfcJhMuwm? azaz aemuftdrfaxmifjyKzkdY
MuH&G,fvsufom;ESifh 'Dyghudk udk,f0ef&SdcJhwm.../ odkYaomf udk,f0efzsufcs&ef
MudK;pm;cJhjcif; qdkwmudkawmh olYrSwfOmPfxJrSm ay:rvmyg/
]tJ'g... tck arareJY igjyefawGYawmh aw;xm;wm? rif;u aq;&HkESpfck

ajymif;&wJhtxd 'Pf&mjyif;wm? pdk;&drf&wmqdkawmh igrar;cJhawmhbl;? arar ighudk
zsufcscJhao;vm;vdkY ar;csifcJhwm}
olonf 'Dyghudk oem;MuifempGm ai;aerd\/ olYnDudk ESpfodrfhazsmif;zszdkY

vdkrvm;/ odkYaomf 'Dygu zswfceJ jyHK;vdkufygonf/
]'gayrJh ig ar;p&m rvdkvdkufygbl;? rif; odvm; udkudk? tareJYom;

pdwfcsif;odaew,fqdkwm rif;odvm;? arar ighudk nwkef;u ajymw,f? ig
rar;&ao;bJeJYajymwm}
'Dygu pdwf0ifwpm; ajymzdkYae&m jyifa&TYvdkuf\/ ckwifay:odkY

wapmif;xkdifae&mrS vlwpfudk,fvHk;wufum xdkifvdkufjcif; jzpfonf/
pmrsufESm (352)
]om; udk,f0ef&Sdwkef;u arar zsufcszdkY pdwful;aygufcJhw,fqkdwm arar

0efcHygw,fwJh? 'gayrJh om;udk ararzsufcszdkY wpfcgrS rMuHpnfcJh rMudK;pm;
cJhrdygbl;wJh}
'Dygu vufESpfzuf wif;wif;ydkufum udk,fudk a&SYwdk;aemufiif

omomav; ,drf;vsuf wpdrfhpdrfhauseyfaeaom ymefrl&mjzifh ajymaeygonf/
]igxGufoGm;cgpu tJ'gudk arar rpOf;pm;cJhrdbl;wJh? arhaecJhwm wJh?

wpfvavmufMumrS olYudk,fol bmtrSm;awG &SdvJvdkYtajz&SmMunfh&if;
jyefowd&oGm;wmwJh? tJ'DawmhrS arar idkrdawmhwmyJwJh? araru ajymw,f?
olYb0rSm tckvJ usdef0Hhw,f? aemifvJ usdef0Hhw,fwJh? ighudk arar
zsufrcs&ufwJhtjyif tyltpyfawmif rpm;cJhbl;wJh? a&aEG;ylylawmif
raomufcJhbl;wJh? arar tJavmuf r&ufpufbl;vdkY om;,Hkw,f r[kwfvm;vdkY
araru ar;w,f? ig xGufoGm;wm tJ'gaMumifhvdkY arar xifaew,f}
]araru ighudk bmrS rajymbl;}
]b,fajymrvJ? ajymvdkYaumif;wJhpum;rS r[kwfbJ? 'gayrJh

udkaea&mifcefYawmh odw,fwJh? tJ'Dvlu wtm;vnfwmwJh? ararhudk
pum;pEIdufjyD; ar;&if; ar;&if;eJYay:a&mwJh}
aea&mifcefYodw,f.../ olYtm&HkawG a00g;oGm;\/ toHawG

tjzpftysufawG tm;vHk; a&maecJhonf/
]araru bmajymvJodvm;...raeYnu? om;av;udk araru tcspfqHk;wJh}
pmrsufESm (353)
]oGm; oGm;...ighckwifay:u qif;oGm;}
ol &,fovdk armovdkESifh wu,fESifxkwfrdonf/ 'Dygu rqif;yg/
]tJ'gudk igodvdkuf&awmh igbmrqdk &ifqdkifedkifoGm;jyD? odvm;...udkudk}
]oGm;uGm...ig rodbl;}
bmrqdk.../ bmrqdk wu,f&ifqdkifekdifoGm;jyDvm;/ 'Dyg &ifqdkifedkifrSm

jzpfayr,fh oluawmh &ifqdkif&Jrnf rxifyg/ olYtwGuf tjzpftysufawGonf
&ufydkif;twGif; aMumufrufzG,f&myif qdk;0g;&ufpufcJh\/ ol cHedkifaom
twdkif;twmxuf ausmfvGefaeonf[k xifygonf/ a&SYqufjyD; ol bmawGudk
MuHK&OD;rvJ/ ol cHekdifyghrvm;/ tdyfcsftdkifAGDydk;udk 'DygESifh qufpyfjyD; olrawG;&J?
attdkif'Dtufpfa&m*gtaMumif;vnf; olrawG;csif/ xkdYaMumifh acgif;xJa&muf
vmaom jzpfekdifajc tEÅ&m,frsm;udk ol ZGwfz,fxkwfypf&awmhonf/
ol 'Dyghudk ai;Munfhaerd&if;rS tm;wif;jyD; ar;vkdufonf/
]'Dyg...rif; ighudk ajymjyrvm;}
]bmajym&rSmvJ}
'Dygonf odkodyfzHk;uG,faom olYpum;udk &kwfw&uf em;rvnfvdkufay/
]ig...}
]at;av...vrf;rSm? um;ay:rSm}
pmrsufESm (354)
od'¨d\tdk;wdk;trf;wrf; rsufESmxm;udk 'Dyg owdxm;rdawmhrS ar;csifonfh

ar;cGef;udk oabmaygufoGm;\/ xdktcg 'Dyg wpfcsuf &,favonf/
]ymm; ymm;... tJ'DtaMumif;...? igjzifh b,fvdkajym&rSef;awmif

rodawmhygbl; udkudk&m}
vlemcef;xJrSm olemjyKq&mrawmif r&Sd? olwdkYESpfa,mufwnf;jzpfygvsuf

'Dygonf [kdymdkonfonf wpfcsufa0hMunfhvdkufao;\/ xkdYaemuf olYEIwfcrf;udk
od'¨d\ em;em;qDodkYuyfum wpfpHkwpfckudk wdk;wdk;av; ajymcsvkduf\/
ol ymufymufyufyuf &,farmrdoGm;ygonf/ 'Dyguvnf; em;&GufawG

eD&Jvsuf &,faeonf/ cP&,faejyD;rS 'Dygu ckwifay:rS ckefqif;vdkufygonf/
od'¨d &,farmaeqJ/
]udkudk...awmfawmh? r&,feJYawmh}
]&,frSmyJ}
]r&,feJYawmhuGm? rif;usrS odr,f}
]tm...od'¨dwdkYu 'grsdK;b,fawmhrS tjzpfrcHbl;? bmudpörqdk igu

pepfwus MudKwifjyifqifrItjynfheJY&ifqdkifrSm...odw,f r[kwfvm;}
'Dygu rsufvHk;apGvsuf olYtm; Munfhonf/
]tajymrMuD;eJY}
pmrsufESm (355)
]tajymMuD;wm r[kwfbl;...owdxm;wm? igu cHpm;jyD; owdxm;r,fh

aumifuG? 'DrSmMunfh...'DvdkudpörsdK;qkdwm b0rSm tvGefta&;MuD;wm? puúefYwdkif;rSm
udk,fowdeJY csKyfxdef;jyD; cHpm;odedkif&r,f? 'gudk udk,fhb0wpfavSsmufvHk;vJ
b,fawmhrS rarh&bl;? udk,fhrSwfOmPfxJrSm tjrJcHpm;vdkY&ae&r,f? tJ'Davmufxd
igu wefzdk;xm;csifw,f}
'Dygu ycHk;wGefYonf/ od'¨d 'Dyghudk b,fvdk&Sif;jy&rSef;roday/
]ajym&&ifuGm...ighrSm yef;uav;wpfyGifh&Sdw,f? [kwfvm;? wpfyGifhwnf;?

tJ'Dyef;av;udk igu odyfjrwfedk;w,f? odyfwefzdk;xm;w,f? 'Dawmh b0rSm
yxrqHk; tMudrftjzpf yef;av;udk wpfa,mufa,muf erf;zdkYay;&awmhr,fqdk&if
erf;r,fholymm ig tvGefcspfjrwfedk;wJholyJ jzpf&r,f? awGY&mvludk erf;cGifh
ray;edkifbl;av? igcspfwJholrdkY erf;cGifh ay;jyDqdk&ifvJ ol yef;uav;udk
b,fvdkxdw,f? b,fvdk arT;w,f? yGifhcsyfav;awG 0wfqHav;awG b,fvdk
aEG;axG;oGm;w,f b,fvdkajymif;vJoGm;w,fqdkwm igu wpfqifhcsif;
wpfqifhcsif; odae cHpm;aecsifwm? b0&JU yxrqdkwm tJ'gyJ 'Dyg? tJ'D
yxrt&omudk igaowJhtxd jyefjyD; wrf;wowd&aecsifw,f? tJ'Dvkd
MunfEl;edkifr,fh oludkrS...}
]rif; awmfawmfaMumifwmyJ}
'Dygu tjyHK;avsmhavsmhjzifh a0zefvkdufygonf/
]aMumifw,fyJ xm;vdkufygawmh}
pmrsufESm (356)
]tJ'Dvdk MunfEl;edkifr,fholudk rif; rawGYao;bl;qdkygawmh}
rawGYao;bl;vm;/ ol bmajz&rSef; rodbJ cPidkifoGm;csdefwGif

wHcg;vSnfhzGifhoH Mum;vdkuf&onf/ olwdkYESpfa,mufvHk; vSnfhMunfhvdkuf\/
tom;a&mif azsmhazsmh 0wfpHkaysmhav;jzifh upfupf0ifvmygonf/
upfupf tusÐu yg;yg;av; ESpfxyf/ atmufwpfxyfu &Snf&Snf?

tay:wpfxyfu wdkwdk/ EIwfcrf;uvnf; tom;a&mifpdkpdkvufvufav;/ qHyifudk
uydku&kdyif uvpfESifh pnf;aESmifxm;onf/ em;xifpyfESpfzufqDwGif rwdkr&Snf
qHyifrsm; EG,fpif;usvsuf? odkYaomf tJonf uydku&dk qHyifav;u upfupfESifh
tvGefvdkufzufygonf/
]upfupf jrwfaumif;a&m}
]tJ'D jrwfaumif;udk pdwfwdkw,f? wdkYu oGm;csifvSygjyDqdk olu

olYtazudk aq;cef;vkdufydkY&OD;rSmwJh? tJ'g n&Spfem&DausmfrS oGm;&atmifwJh?
apmifhekdifygbl; tJavmufxd}
upfupf pl;pl;av; jyHK;vsuf MuGyfMuGyftdwfjzifh qGJvmaom yef;oD;rsm;udk

pm;yGJav;ay:odkYwpfvHk;csif; wifae\/ od'¨dESifh eD;uyfaeaom qHyifav;wcsdKY\
arT;&eHYudk ½I&SdKufrdonf/
]'gjzifh wuúpDeJYvmwmvm;}
pmrsufESm (357)
][kwfbl;...udkudk vkdufydkYay;w,f? udkudku ESpfem&DaevdkY&w,fwJh?

n&Spfem&DwdwdrSm ol vmac:r,f? aq;&Hka&SYaygufudk &Spfem&Dta&mufqif;vmcJhwJh}
]aMomf...}
&nf;pm;udk vlrrmar;zdkYoGm;r,fh ESrudk tpfudku aq;&HkvkdufydkYay;

owJhvm;/ bm&nf&G,fcsufeJY'Dvl 'Davmuf odu©mtuscHaeygvdrfh/
]'Dyg...eifhudk tdrfjyefydkYay;zdkY udkudk apmifhaew,f}
ol ydkjyD; em;rvnfedkifatmif jzpfoGm;onf/ ararhudk 'DvloGm;awGYcsifvSsif

'Dyghudk ac:oGm;p&m rvdkbJ/ 'Dyg &SdaevSsif tdrfrSm taESmifht,Sufawmif
jzpfOD;rnf/
'Dygu pm;yGJay:rS csdKifhudk qGJ,lvsuf tcef;tjyifxGufzdkY [efjyifjyD;rS

owd&oGm;ovdk od'¨dbufodkY vSnfhMunfhjyD; &yfwefYoGm;onf/ xdkYaemuf cyfqq
ar;\/
]igvkdufoGm;&rvm; udkudk}
]igrodbl;av}
]vkdufoGm;av 'Dyg... eifausmif;u jyefuwnf;u 'Da&mufaewm?

oGm;em;awmhav}
upfupfu tpfrMuD; trlt&mjzifh qHk;jzwfay;\/ 'Dyg acgif;wpfcsuf

oGufoGufndwfvsuf xGufoGm;ygonf/ upfupf olYckwifpGef;rSm 0ifxkdifjyD;
pmrsufESm (358)
jyHK;avonf/ jyHK;vdkufaomtcg upfupf\ ar;aphaumufaumufav;

ydkaumhoGm;onf/ oli,fcsif;b0wkef;u tJonf ar;aphvHk;vHk;av;udk ol
rMumcP zspfrdaomfvnf; &ifckefvSdKufarmjcif; r&SdcJhyg/ ,cktcg xkdar;aphav;udk
ol arT;Munfhcsifonf/ vufnSdK;av;ESifh xd&Hkav; xdMunfhcsifonf/
]yef;oD;pm;awmhrvm;}
upfupf\El;nHhaom rsuf0ef;rsm;udk olai;aerdum acgif;ndwfzdkYarhae\/

xdkrsuf0ef;rsm;onf aea&mifcefYrsuf0ef;awGESifh awmfawmfwlygonf/ upfupfu
olYvufzsm;udk cyfzGzGqkyfudkifvkdufonf/ aEG;axG;aysmhaysmif;onfhcHpm;rIonf
vufzsm;rS olYESvHk;om;xJodkY vsifjrefpGm pD;0ifoGm;\/ upfupfudk ol
wrf;wrf;ww Munfhrdonf/
]upfupf...}
]ymif}
]upfupfudk wdkYrcGJedkifbl;}
upfupf rsufarSmifMuKwfí jyHK;onf/
]b,folu cGJr,fajymvdkYvJ od'¨d&JY? rcGJ&ygbl;}
ol yifhouf&SdKufum upfupf\vufzsm;av;udk EIwfcrf;qD qGJ,lxdum

erf;vdkufrd\/ xkdtcg &ifxJwpfae&m&mrS emusifvSdKufarmrIwpfckudk cHpm;vdkuf
&onf/ olodonf/ upfupfudk eufeuf&SdKif;&SdkKif; wG,fjidaerdjyD/
pmrsufESm (359)
wu,fvdkYrsm; upfupfESifh a0;&rnfqkdvSsif... upfupfu MunfEl;pGm

jyHK;vdkufaomtcg upfupf\ tjyHK;ay:wGif tjyHK;wpfckudk ol &dyfceJ
jrifa,mifoGm;onf/ a&cJtdwfESifh &dkufcHvdkuf&wkef;u aea&mifcefY\tjyHK;/
od'¨donf rsufpdudk wtm; rSdwfypfvkduf&\/
pmrsufESm (360)
(25)
uRefawmfwdkYwu,fhtpGeftzsm;rSm a&mufaeygjyD/
emusifrItwGuf cHekdif&nfuvnf; ukefqHk;oavmufyJ/
tJ'gvnf; ppfaq;rIu qufvufESdyfpufaeqJ/
(Edwin Muir)
vlYb0\ emusifwkefvIyfpGm apmifhqkdif;&onfh umvrsm;taMumif;

olodonfrSm rMumao;yg/ onfhrwkdifrDu olYb0onf &dk;pif;\/ cefYrSef;onfh
twkdif; jzpf\/ onfaeY jyD;onfhtcg b,fvdk eufjzefcgudk &rvJ[k
MudKwifodjyD;om; jzpf\/ aeYrsm;onf ayghvnf; ayghyg;jyD; awmufyMunfpif
aecJh\/ ,cktcg od'¨d\b0onf MudKwifrSef;qrxm;aom emusifrIrsm;pGmESifh
xyfumxyfum MuHKae&jyD/ olYrSm cHekdif&nf ukefqHk;vkeD;jyD[k olod\/
b,ftjzpftysufESifh ukefqHk;oGm;rvJ[kom rod&onf/ onfuaeYyJ ol
yGifhxGufukefqHk; oGm;awmhrvm;/
touf 18 ESpft&G,f vli,fwpfa,muf vlMuD;b0odkY ajymif;vJzkdY

ajcvSrf;awG vSrf;&vdrfhrnf[k olodcJhaomfvnf; xkdajcvSrf;rsm; ,ckavmuf
emusifcHpm;&rnf[kawmh ol rxifcJhrdyg/
pmrsufESm (361)
{nfhcef;eH&Hu em&Dudk olMunfhaeonf/ puúefYwHav; xyfceJ xyfceJ

a&GYaeonfh toHaMumifh olYacgif;onf av;yiftHkcJvm\/ avxkonf olYtay:
usyfodyfpGm ydusvmonf/ oltouf½I&wm r0awmhyg/ 3 em&D 50 rdepf/
tckavmufqdk ararESifh 'Dygonf trsdK;om; "mwfcGJcef;xJodkY
a&mufaeavmufjyDvm;/ aoG;tajzpm&Gufudk ,ljyD;jyDvm;/ tajzu bmvJ.../
a&cJwdkufxJrS t0wfjzLtkyfxm;aom rsufESmudk olvSyfvdkuf&pOfu

wkefvIyfacsmufcsm;rIudk oljyefcHpm;ae&onf/ t0wfjzLatmufu rsufESmwpfckESifh
pmtdwfxJu pm&Gufwpfck? ajcmufvSefYrI twdkif;tqu twlwlyJvm;/
tJonfwkef;u araronf rl;arhvJusoGm;cJhonf/
od'¨donf ESpfa,mufxkdif qdkzmay:rSm vSJtdyfcsvdkuf\/ em;xifESpfzufu

w'def;'def; udkufcJvmaomaMumifh jzpfonf/ 'geJYrsm; olonf 'Dyghab;rSm
tm;ay;ESpfodrfhcsifpdwfjzifh vdkufcJhrnf[k ararhudk ylqmcJhao;onf/
]om;&,f 'Pf&musufwm ckrS wpfvyJ &Sdao;wm? om; tem;,lygOD;}

araru tvkdufodpGm xm;&pfcJhonf/
onfwpfvvHk;vHk; od'¨dum;rarmif;&? pmoifroGm;&? abmufqifoifwef;

oGm;edkifzkdYu ta0;MuD; usefao;onf/ tcsdefawGudk pmMunfhpm;yGJrSmyJ
ukefqHk;ap&onf jzpfí olYtwGuf tusdK;&Sdrnf[k olxifcJhrd\/ awmfawmfrSm;wJh
tawG;yJ/ olonf pmxJwGif tm&Hkpl;pdkufí r&cJhyg/
'DyghaoG;xJrSm a&m*g &SdaerSmvm;/
pmrsufESm (362)
xkdtawG;onf olYtm; wpfvvHk;vHk; zdpD;ESdyfpufaecJhonf/
'DyghtwGuf 'Davmuf olpdk;&drfpdwfaomu a&muf&vdrfhrnf[k

b,fwkef;urSs rxifcJh/ [kdwkef;u aoG;at;pGm vspfvsL&IcJhaom od'¨donf
,cktcg b,fa&mufoGm;jyDvJ/ od'¨dudk tckvdk ylyefwwfolwpfa,muf jzpfatmif
b,ft&mu ajymif;vJay;vkdufwmvJ/ 'Dyguvm;/ odkYr[kwf rdom;pkcspfjcif;
arwåmuvm;/ odkYr[kwfolYudk,fxJrSm vSnfhywfpD;qif;aeaom aoG;topfawG
uvm;.../
aoG;onf vlwpfa,muf\ESvHk;om;udk ajymif;vJay;ekdifygovm;/
rsufESmMuufu yef;eka&mifrD;yef;qdkif;rSm yifhulrSsiftcsdKYwG,fjidaeonf/

yifhulwpfaumif wef;vef;usaeonf/ tdrfajrSmifwpfaumifu rD;yef;yGifhwpfyGifh\
tpGef;rSm aZmufxdk;wG,fuyfvsuf wef;vef;usaeaom yifhuludk
acsmif;ajrmif;ae\/ yifhulonf tEÅ&m,fu MudKvifhaeonfudk vHk;0rodojzifh
yef;yGifht&if;odkYjyefwuf&ef tonf;toef MudK;pm;ae\/ ol xdkjrifuGif;udk
rMunfhcsifawmhojzifh rsufpdvTJvdkufrd\/ olYrsufpdu &kyfjrifoHMum;pufqDodkY
a&mufoGm;onf/ &kyfjrifoHMum;pufay:rSm xkdifaeaom rD;cdk;a&mif 0uf0H
tao;av;udk jrifrdonf/ xdkarT;yG&kyfao;ao;av;udk olaq;&HkrS qif;onfhaeY
wkef;u upfupfxHrS vufaqmif&xm;jcif; jzpfonf/
]txD;vm; trvm;} olar;awmh upfupfu ]trav;} wJh/
xkdYaemuf cPjyHK;aejyD;rS ]olYemrnf&Sdw,f}
pmrsufESm (363)
]b,folwJhvJ}
]jrwfav;cefY}
rD;cdk;a&mif0uf0Hrav; jrwfav;cefYudk od'¨d\ acgif;tHk;ab;wGif xm;&ef

upfupfu nTefMum;cJh\/ ol rvdkufemedkifcJhyg/ olYckwifay:wGif t&kyfwpf&kyf
&SdcJhzl;onfh aemufqHk;umvonf ol pwkw¦wef;ausmif;om;t&G,fjzpfcJhonf/
xdkYjyif upfupfudk olY b0xJrS z,fxkwfxm;edkifedkif&ef ememusifusif
MudK;pm;ae&csdefwGif 0uf0Hrav;onf tem;rSm r&SdrS jzpfrSmyg/ upfupfudk tem;rSm
&Sdapcsifayr,fh &SdaevSsifvnf; tjypfusL;vGefrdovdk olcHpm;&ygonf/
wkdifuyfem&DrS av;em&Dxdk;oHudk Mum;vdkuf&onf/
olYacgif;onf wjznf;jznf; ydkqdk;0g;vmaeonf/ em&Dxdk;oH

aemufqHk;wpfcsufwGif olYrsufvHk;xJrSm rD;yGifhoGm;ovdk pl;ceJ vif;jzmoGm;\/ ol
tcH&cufpGmyif rsufpdrSdwfypfvkdufonf/ cPMumawmh aemufxyf qlnHoHwpfckudk
Mum;&jyefonf/ pl;&Saom w,fvDzkef; jrnfoH/
zkef;jrnfoHonf em&Dxdk;oHxufyif olYOD;aemuftm; qdk;qdk;0g;0g;

'ku©ay;vm\/ oltm;ceJ atmfnnf;vdkufrdonftxdyif jzpfonf/ zkef;oHu
&yfroGm;yg/ ol vSJtdyfae&mrS ',drf;',dkif x&yfjyD; zkef;&Sd&mokdY
vrf;avSsmufoGm;&onf/ w,fvDzkef;udk aumufudkifrnfhqJqJwGif zkef;oH
&yfoGm;\/ od'¨donf w,fvDzkef;udk pl;pl;0g;0g; Munfhaerdonf/ puúefYawmfawmf
Mumonftxd w,fvDzkef;u rjrnfjyefyg/
pmrsufESm (364)
b,folrsm;ygvdrfh/ 'Dygvm;? ararvm;/ 'DygqdkvSsifawmh arar

rl;vJoGm;vdkY jzpfr,f/ ararqdkvSsifawmh 'Dyg aemufwpfMudrf xGufajy;oGm;
jyefjyDvm;/ tajzpm&Gufudk MunfhjyD;onfhaemuf.../
olonf acgif;udk vufESpfzufjzifh xdef;udkifvsuf rD;zdkxJodkYtm;wif;í

0ifoGm;onf/ eH&HuyfAD&dkxJrSm aq;ykvif;awGudk vdkuf&Sm\/ ykvif;wpfck
vufrSacsmfum atmufvGwfusoGm;onf/ ykvif;ESifh Murf;jyif xdoHonf
us,favmifaom aygufuGJoHvdkyif/ iHkYMunfhvdkufaomtcg zefykvif;av;onf
cyfvSrf;vSrf;odkYvdrfhoGm;cJhonf/ awmfygao;&JY/ ruGJao;bl;.../ ol tavmwMuD;
iHkY aumufvdkuf\/ olYacgif;xJwGif pl;ceJ xkd;atmifhoGm;aom a0'emjzifh ol
vJusoGm;ygonf/
vJusaom ae&mrSmyif ol rsufpdrSdwfum vJavsmif;aevdkufonf/

olYrsufpdxJwGif tjyma&mif puf0kdif;awG wpfckay: wpfck xyfum a&G aeonf/
aq;aomufrS jzpfrSmaygh/ oltm;wif;í x&yfzkdYMudK;pm;onf/ okdhaomf

vIyf&HkESifh acgif;xJu xdk;udkufvmojzifh tomjidrfoufae&\/ jidrfae&wm
awmfawmfoufomygonf/
w,fvDzkef;oH Mum;&jyefjyD/ ol tefcsifovdk jzpfvmonf/
ararrsm;vm;/ cPav;yg arar/ om; rxedkifao;vdkYyg/
tqufrjywf jrnfaeaom toH &yfoGm;\/ wpfa,mufa,mufu

zkef;cGufudk r udkifvdkufovdk/ b,fol ukdifvdkufwmvJ/
pmrsufESm (365)
]ymJvdk...}
'DyghtoH/ rjzpfekdifbl;/
]udkudka&...rif;twGuf zkef;? udkjrwfaumif;}
ol tHhMopGm rsufvHk;zGifhMunfhvdkuf\/ 'Dyg jyefa&mufjyD/ 'Dyg

zkef;vufcHpum;ajymedkif aecJhonf/ 'DyghtoHu yHkrSefyJ/ 'gjzifh/
]tdk...om;? od'¨d }
arar rD;zdkcef;xJodkYtajy;tvTm; 0ifvmcJhonf/
]om; bmjzpfvdkYvJ? tr,fav;...om;a&...od'¨d}
araru olYteD;rSm 'l;axmufxkdifum olYtm; ayGYvdkufawmh ol &Suf&GHY

oGm;onf/
]om; bmrS rjzpfbl; arar? acgif;udkufvGef;vdkY tdyfaewm}
]r[kwfwm? b,fhES,f... Murf;jyifMuD;rSm? vm...x x? 'Dyga&...om;av;...

cPvmOD;}
ol ararh&ifcGifxJrS ZGwf&kef;xGufum x&yfvkdufygonf/ araru

xdef;xm;ay;onf/
]arar? 'Dyg...'Dyghtajzu bmwJhvJ arar}
pmrsufESm (366)
'Dyg rD;zkdcef;odkY0ifvmonf/ olESifh ararudk jrifawmh rsufvHk; jyL;oGm;\/
]bmjzpfvdkYvJ udkudk}
]ig bmrS rjzpfbl;? tajzu bmwJhvJ...od&jyDvm;}
'Dyg bmrSrajzyg/ olwdkY&Sd&modkYajcvSrf;usJusJjzifh avSsmufvmonf/
]rif;acgif;udkufjyefjyD r[kwfvm;? ae...ae...igwGJr,f? ighycHk;udk rSDcJh}
olonf nDudk tm;ay;oljzpfzkdY udk,fhudk,fudk tm;wif;aecJhygvsuf

tckawmh nDudk rSDcdkol jzpf&avonf/ olYtjzpf ol&Sufaeaomfvnf; 'DyghycHk;udk
tm;jyKvsuf wGJac:&modkY ygvm&onf/
]arar... udkjrwfaumif; zkef;qufwm? udkudk aeraumif;bl;vdkY

ajymvdkufygvm;}
]at;...at;}
'Dygu od'¨dtm; ckwifay:odkYvSJtdyfaponf/
]aq;aomufjyD;jyDvm;}
ol acgif;,rf;jyvdkuf\/ vIyf&HkyJ vIyfedkifonf/
]ig tajzudk odcsifw,f...tajzudk ajymyg}
pmrsufESm (367)
]ig rMunfh&ao;bl; udkudk? tajzu ta&;rMuD;ygbl;? b,fawmh

MunfhMunfh 'DtajzyJ xGufrSm? ig tck aq;oGm;,lvkdufr,f? rif;bmrS
pdwfylraeeJYOD;}
cP rsufpdrSdwfxm;cdkufrSm olYESvHk;onf w'def;'def; xkESufae\/
tajzrMunfh&ao;bl;? tJ'g bmt"dyÜm,fygvdrfh/
tjyifrSm w,fvDzkef;jzifh ararhpum;oH.../
]acgif;udkuf&if olu 'DvdkyJ jrwfaumif;&JY? &ygw,f? om; rtm;&if

rvmygeJY? cPae aq;aomuf&if aumif;oGm;rSmyg? om; taza&m
oufom&JUvm;}
jrwfaumif;\tazu tonf;ajcmufaom a0'emjzifh aq;&HkwufaecJh&mrS

qif;vmwm rMumao;yg/ jrwfaumif;vnf; taztwGuf pdwfaomuawG
rsm;ae&onf/ oHk;ESpfrS ig;ESpftxd cHekdifonf[k q&m0efawGu cefYrSef;vdkufowJh/
xkdtjzpfrSefudk jrwfaumif; taztm; rajymao;bl;wJh/
od'¨d\tazqHk;pOfwkef;u od'¨du oHk;av;ESpfom; t&G,fyJ &Sdao;onf/

'Dygu arG;uif;p t&G,f/ tdrfrSm vlawG trsm;MuD;yJ[kom odjyD; bmawG
jzpfysufaecJhrSef; ol roday/ awmfawmfMumonftxd tazhudk rjrif&
rawGY&wmudkawmh rSwfrd&HkyJ/ tazaojyD[k araru ajymayr,fh aoonfqdkwmudk
aoaocsmcsm em;rvnfcJhay/ ]qHk;&SHK;rIqdkwm bmrSef;rod&cifu qHk;&SHK;vdkuf&wm
ydkaumif;wmaygh} [k jrwfaumif;u wpfaeYu olY udk ajymcJhonf/
pmrsufESm (368)
]azazhudk qHk;&SHK;&rSm aMumufp&maumif;vdkufwm? ig cHekdifrSm r[kwfbl;

od'¨d}
jrwfaumif;ukd ol pmemygonf/
'Dyghudk qHk;&SHK;&rnfqdkvSsifvnf; olvnf; cHedkifrSm r[kwf/ bk&m;a&...

rawG;aumif;wmawG/
]udkudk...aq;aomuf&atmif}
rsufpdzGifhMunfhvdkufaomtcg 'Dygu aq;azsmfxm;onfh zefcGufudk

udkifvsuf rwfwyf&yfaeonfudk awGY&onf/ tusÐtjzLvuf&Snfudk vufMu,foD;
wyfxm;&muyif rajz&ao;/ ausmif;pdrf;ykqdk;udkyif rvJ&ao;/ tJ'D
q,fwef;ausmif;om; uav;av;udk ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm touf&Sifatmif
vkyfay;Muyg/ tckawmh uav;u tpfudkudk aq;wkdufaejyD/ oltm;emoGm;um
uref;uwef; xxdkifvdkuf\/ 'DyghvufxJrS zefcGufudk ,ljyD; armhaomufcsypf
vdkufonf/ ararjyef0ifvmonf/ olYvufxJu zefcGufvGwfudk 'DyguyJ ,lí
pmMunfhpm;yGJay: wifvkduf\/
'Dyghudk olai;Munhfaerdonf/ 'Dygh&SyftusÐtdwfuyfxJrSm taygpm;

pmtdwfav; wpftdwf/
wnfjidrfaeaom rsufESm\ atmuf twGif;xJwGif b,favmuf

wkefvIyfacsmufcsm;aervJ/
pmrsufESm (369)
'Dygonf olYckwifqDodkYoGm;um ckwifpGef;rSm 0ifxkdifvkduf\/ xkdYaemuf

olY&SyftusÐxJrS pmudk xkwf,lvkdufonf/ od'¨d tmacgifawG ajcmufaoGYylavmif
oGm;onf/
]om;...}
araru 'DyghteD;rSm 0ifxkdifvdkufygonf/
]arar apmapmu ajymovdkyJaemf om;? om; 'Dtajzudk odcsifwJhpdwf

wu,f &Sd&JUvm;? rodcsifawmhbl;qdk&if rMunfhbJ aevdkY&w,f}
]om; Munhfcsifygw,f? MunfhvJ Munfh&Jygw,f arar}
'DyghtoHrSm enf;enf;awmh wkef,ifaeonf/ xkdYaemuf pmtdwfudk

zGifhvdkufonf/ od'¨d &ifxJrSm wif;usyfvm\/
]cPav; om;}
araru vSrf;wm;vdkufojzifh pm&Gufacgufudk qGJxkwfawmhrnfh 'Dygh

vufawG wefY oGm;onf/
]t'DxJrSm bmyJ a&;xm;xm;? ararhom;av;udk ararhtoufxuf

ydkcspfw,fqdkwm om;odw,f r[kwfvm;ymif}
araru El;nHhMuifemaom rsuf&nfa0hvnfaom rsufvHk;rsm;jzifh Munfhí

ar;onf/
pmrsufESm (370)
]om; odygw,f arar]
xdkYaemuf 'Dygonf pm&Gufacgufudk jAKef;ceJ zGifhvdkufonf/

'DyghrsufvHk;awG.../
od'¨donf 'DyghrsufvHk;awGudk pl;pl;pdkufpdkuf apmifhMunfhaecJhojzifh

rsufawmifav;awG vIyf&Sm;oGm;wm? rsuf0ef;awG t&dyfwpfckck ajymif;oGm;wmudk
jrifvkduf&\/ rodromav;yJ ajymif;oGm;onfh t&dyf/ bmt&dyfvJ[k ol
rzwfvdkufedkif cifrSm 'Dygonf rsufpdawGudk rSdwfypfvdkufygonf/ rsufcHk;awG
MuHKYoGm;onftxd rSdwfypfvkdufjcif; jzpfonf/ wpfcef;vHk;
wdwfqdwfjidrfoufoGm;ygonf/
od'¨d touf½IzkdYarhavsmhoGm;ygonf/
'Dyg.../
'DyghEIKwfcrf;tpHku jyHK;rvdk rJhrvdkvdk/ xkdYaemuf 'Dygu ararhtm;

vSrf;zwfvdkufygonf/
]om;...}
od'¨donf xdkifraeedkifawmhbJ jAKef;ceJ rwfwyf&yfvkdufawmhonf/ 'Dygh

vufxJrS pm&Gufav; atmufvGifhusoGm;\/ 'DyghrsufvHk;tpHkrSm rsuf&nfawG
usvmonf/ 'Dyg idkaew,f/
od'¨d&ifxJrSm qdkYeifhoGm;\/
pmrsufESm (371)
]om;av;}
]arar... aemufxyf arar b,fawmhrS pdwfrqif;&Jap&ygbl;? om;

uwday;ygw,f}
]tdk...r&Sdbl; r[kwfvm;ymif om;? r&Sdbl;aemf}
'Dyg acgif;,rf;vdkufjyD; ararhudk zufxm;&mrS cGmvdkufonf/ arar

&,fonf/
]arar odw,f? arar odaeygw,f om;&,f? ararharwåmaMumifh

om;av; ab;Oyg'ftEÅ&m,fawG uif;r,fqdkwm arar odygw,f} arar &,f&if;
idkaeygonf/
od'¨donf ararESifh'Dyg ajymaeMuaom pum;wdkYudk uGJuGJjym;jym;

em;vnfcsifonf/
]'Dyg...}
'Dygu od'¨dtm; owd&oGm;jyD; vSrf;Munfhonf/ 'Dyg rsuf&nfpdk;pGwfaom

rsufvHk;rsm;wdkY udk yGwfoyfvdkuf\/ 'Dyg rjyHK;yg/ wnfjidrfaom rsufESmonf
olYnDuav; 'Dyg\ rsufESm r[kwfovdkyJ/ rdrdxufyif &ifhusufcJhjyD;aom
a,musfm;wpfa,mufudk olYa&SYrSm jrifae&onf/
]pdwfylp&m rvdkawmhbl;av udkudk]
]euf*wpfAfvm;}
pmrsufESm (372)
][kwfw,f}
Murf;jyifay:rS pm&Gufav;udk od'¨d iHkYMunfhvdkufonf/ od'¨dMunfhrSef;

odoGm;onfh 'Dygu xdkif&mrS x&yfum pm&Gufudk zswfceJ iHkYaumuf,lvdkuf\/
]ararwdkY0rf;omwJh txdrf;trSwfeJYnpmudk tjyifxGufpm;Mur,f}
araru &TifjrL;pGm &,farm&if; aMunm\/
]aumif;w,f arar? qbdkif; qbdkif;rSm auR;yg}
'Dygu tenf;i,f jyHK;í ajym&if; pm&Gufacgufudk &SyftusÐtdwfxJ

jyefxnhfvdkufonf/
]auR;r,f...auR;r,f}
]om; a&oGm;csdK;awmhr,f}
'Dyg tcef;xJu xGuf&efjyif\/ bmaMumifhrSef; rodbJ pdwfxJ xifhceJ

jzpfoGm;um od'¨d vSrf;qGJxm;vdkuf\/
]aeOD;...'Dyg}
'Dyg vSnfhMunfhygonf/
]tJ'D pm&Guf...ig MunfhvkdY&rvm;ymif}
'Dygu od'¨dudk cyfpl;pl; Munfh\/
pmrsufESm (373)
]bmvJ...rif;u ighudk r,Hkwmvm;}
]r[kwfygbl;}
]r[kwf&if Munfhp&m rvkdbl;av? udkaea&mifcefYu ajymw,f? ig

'Dpm&Gufudk b,folYrS rjybJ aecGifh&Sdw,fwJh? 'g...ightcGifhta&;wJh}
]bm...}
od'¨donf emusifrIESifha'go b,fymmu ydkjyD; pl;&SxdcdkufvmovJ

rcGJjcm;edkif/ olY wpfudk,fvHk; wqwfqwf wkefvm\/
araronf ,ckrSyif aemufxyfjzpfekdifajcwpfckudk awG;rdoGm;yHkjzifh

rsufESmysufoGm;ygonf/
]om;av;...}
od'¨d\rsufESmrSm pkd;&drfacsmufcsm;rIudk 'Dyg &dyfrdoGm;aomtcg 'Dygu od'¨d

ycHk;tm; cyfqwfqwf ykwfvdkufonf/
]ymm...udkudk? rif; tJavmuf cHpm;raeeJYuGm? a&mh...Munfhcsif&if Munfh}
od'd¨\vufxJodkYpm&Gufav; a&mufvmonf/ od'¨donf jzefYMunfh&rvm;?

rMunfhbJ xm;&rvm; yxr a0cGJ&cufae\/ ol aMumufaeonf/ ol
aMumufaerSef; odoGm;aom 'Dygu olYudk MunfhjyD; jAKef;ceJ &,fcsvdkufavonf/
od'¨dzGihfzwfvdkufonf/
pmrsufESm (374)
Negative...olYwpfudk,fvHk; ayghyg;pGm vGwfajrmufoGm;onf/
ymm...acG;aumif/
]csD;xkyf...}
olonf csufcsif;yif 'Dygtm; tjrifuwfoGm;\/
],HkjyDvm; udkudk}
'Dygu od'¨dtm; zufvdkufonf/ od'¨dwGef;z,fvdkufonf/
]oGm;prf;yguGm}
xdkYaemuf ol &,farmrdygonf/
pmrsufESm (375)
(26)
'Pf&mu usufroGm;ygbl;/
tcktcsdefu pvdkY
'Pf&mudk b,fawmhrSvnf; arhedkifrSm r[kwfygbl;?
emusifrIawGudk rSwfrdowd&p&m
oD;oefYbmompum;wpfck
uGsefawmfwdkYzefwD;rdMujyD;ygjyD/
(Geoffrey O'brien)
]od'¨d tckwavm rlrrSefbl;qdkwm ukd,fhudk,fudk od&JYvm;}
upfupf\ pum;onf olYem;xJodkY pl;&SpGm 0ifa&mufvmonf/ od'¨d

tcH&cufpGm &,fvdkufrd\/
]bmrlrrSefvdkYvJ}
w,fvDzkef;wpfzufrS upfupfu awmfawmfESifh rajz/ pum;vHk;awGudk

a&G;cs,faeovdkygyJ/
]upfupfajymav...wkdYbmawG rlrrSefvdkYvJ}
pmrsufESm (376)
]tdrfxJu tdrfjyif rxGufbl;vdkY tjrJjiif;wJh od'¨du jrwfaumif;eJYawmh

cPcP oGm;w,faemf}
olYpdwfxJrSm xifhoGm;onf/
]b,folajymvJ}
]b,folajymvJqdkwm ta&;MuD;vdkYvm;}
ol &kwfw&uf bmjyefajym&rSef;rod/
]ta&;MuD;wmu wdkYcsdef;&if [kdtaMumif;jy 'DtaMumif;jyeJY jiif;wJhvlu

wjcm;ae&mawG awmh oGm;aew,fqdkwJh tcsufu ta&;MuD;wmyg}
upfupftoHu tenf;i,f wkef,ifaeonf/
]jrwfaumif;taz aeraumif;wm upfupfodw,f r[kwfvm;}
]bmqdkifvdkYvJ}
]jrwfaumif; pdwfnpfaew,f upfupf? ol pdwfajyvufaysmufjzpfatmif...}
upfupfu pum;udk jzwfajymonf/
]wdkYpdwfnpfwmawmh od'¨d *&krpdkufbl;...[kwfvm;}
][m...upfupfuvJ tJvdk rajymygeJY? upfupfudk wdkY...}
pmrsufESm (377)
od'¨donf pdwf&IyfaxG;pGmjzifh vTwfceJ ajymrdawmhrnfh pum;udk jyefxdef;

vdkufonf/ cyfvSrf;vSrf;udk Munfhawmh 'Dyg wa,mwpfvufESifh tvkyf&Iyfae\/
usDusDusmusm jrnfoHawG qlnHaeonf/ wdk;wdk;av; jym&rnfhpum;udk
atmfajymvdkuf&\/
]udk,fhcspfwJholukd b,folu *&krpdkufbJ aerSmvJuGm? uJajym... bmvdkY

pdwfnpfaewmvJ}
]od'¨daMumifh}
]aMom...}
upfupf bmqufajymrnfqdkwm od'¨d &dyfrdvdkufygjyD/
]wdkYudk awGYcsifovdkvdk rawGYcsifovdkvdk tajymif;tvJ jrefvGef;vdkY?

rawGYcsifbl; qdkvJ tjywfajym}
][m;...upfupf&,f? wdkYu rawGYcsifbJ aeyghrvm;? upfupf rodbl;aemf...

'DrSmjzifh &l;awmif &l;awmhr,f}
]oGm;...yvDyvmawG vmajymraeeJY}
upfupftay: cspfrdonfh cHpm;csufudk zdESdyfxm;onfh tjcm;t&mawG

taMumif; upfupfudk ajymjycsifvSygonf/ wpfaeYaeYrSmawmh ajymjzpfoGm;rvm;
rod/
pmrsufESm (378)
]wu,fyg upfupf&,f... wkdYu upfupfudk awGYcsifygw,f? rawGY&wm

MumvSjyD}
]b,fawGY&rvJ? wdkYaMumfjimawG &dkufwJhtcg vdkufcJhyg qkd vdkufrS

rvdkufbJeJY? 'gjzifh ckawGYrvm;...uJ}
]rjzpfbl;? tcktdrfrSm 'Dyg &Sdw,f? wkdY&Sdw,fqdkjyD; araru pdwfcsvufcs

tdrfjyefydkYxm;wm? wdkYxGuf&if olusefaecJhrSm? arar jyefvmvdkY 'Dyg
wpfa,mufwnf;udk awGY&&if arar wif;vdrfhr,f}
]'gjzifh wkdYvmcJhr,f}
]rjzpfbl;}
wpfzufu zkef;csoGm;onf/
upfupfvmr,f.../ tJ'Dtjzpfudk ol rjzpfapcsifqHk;ygbJ/ ol w,fvDzkef;

jyefwifxm;vdkuf jyD;aemuf touf00 &SLvkduf&\/ wdkifuyfem&Du ig;em&D
q,frdepf/ &Hk;qif;csdef um;awG ydwfusyfaerSmeJY upfupf tcktdrfu
xGufvmvSsifawmif ig;em&D rdepfav;q,favmufrS tapmqHk;a&mufrnf/ upfupf
ar;rnfh ar;cGef;awGudk ol MudKwifpOf;pm;jyD; ajzMunfhxm;vSsif aumif;ygvdrfhrnf/
]tD;ar;vf bmjzpfvdkYrydkYawmhwmvJ}
pmrsufESm (379)
]tD;ar;vfu rvHkjcHKvdkYaygh upfupf&? wdkY&JU pmudk upfupftpfudku

t&ifawGYjyD; zwfcsifzwfr,f? upfupf&JU pmudkvJ araru t&ifawGYjyD;
zwfcsifzwfrdr,f? zkef;ajym&oavmuf raumif;ygbl;uGm}
'gayrJh zkef;vJ rqufygbl;}
]tJ'gu...tJ'guvJ upfupfeJY wkduf&dkufrawGYbJ udkaea&mifcefYeJY xyfrdrSm

pdk;vdkYyg}
wpfcgwkef;u ol upfupfudk vGrf;vGef;vdkY n 9em&DavmufrSm zkef;

vSrf;qufrdonf/ nydkif;qdk zkef;jrnfvSsif upfupfu t&ifukdifaeusjzpfygvsufESifh
tJonfnuawmh zkef;ajzolu aea&mifcefYjzpfaeonf/ [Jvdk [laom toHudk
Mum;awmh bmvkyf&rSef; rodbJ cPaMumifoGm;\/ aemufxyf pdwfr&Snfaom
][Jvdk} udk xyfMum;&onfh tcsdefrSmawmh zkef;csypfvkdufrdonf/
]udkudk r&SdwJhtcsdefawGrSmvJ od'¨d rqufygbl;}
]tJ'gu...upfupftazeJYrdrSmpdk;vdkY}
]awmfyg? azazeJYrdrSm od'¨d b,fwkef;urS *&kpdkufcJhwm r[kwfygbl;}
r[kwfao;bl;? 'DtaMumif;jycsufawGu awmfawmf rcdkifvHkwmyJ/

'Dtwdkif; ajzvdkY rjzpfao;yg/
]uJ uJ...'Dyg? awmfavmufjyD xifw,f}
pmrsufESm (380)
{nfhcef;rSm rwfwyf&yfvsuf wa,mxkd;aeaom 'Dygudk ol

pdwfr&SnfedkifawmhbJ [efYwm; rdonf/ 'Dygu olYtoHudk rMum;wmvm;?
*&krpdkufwmvm; rod/ vSnfhrMunfhcJh/ ol 'Dygh ycHk;udk cyfqwfqwf ykwfvkduf\/
]tck rif;u q,fwef;ajzrSmvm;? wa,morm; vkyfrSmvm;}
'Dygu vSnfhMunfh&Hk Munfhonf/ rajzbJ jyHK;ae\/ ol odonf/

rxDw&DtjyHK;/ ol awmfawmf tcH&cufoGm;ygonf/ 'Dyg ckwavm vl0g;0
aeonf/ xpfceJ &SdvSsif tdrfu xGufoGm;rdvdrfhr,faemf qkdaom pum;jzifh
jcdrf;ajcmufwwfonf/ araru 'Dyghudk wwfedkiforSs vdkufavsmyg[k
rSmxm;aomaMumifh olYrSm rqlyl&J? vufzsm;ESifhvnf; rxd&J/
ol wufwpfcsuf acgufvdkufjyD; &kyfjrifoHMum;qDodkY

avSsmufoGm;vdkufonf/ 0uf0H&kyfav;udk tcef;xJodkY ydkYzdkY owd&oGm;aomaMumifh
jzpfygonf/ odkYaomf 0uf0H&kyfav; r&Sd/ aemufbufrSm usaeovm;[k
iHkYMunfhvdkufawmhvnf; rawGY/ [m... b,fvdkjzpfwmvJ/ olY&ifxJrSm [mceJ
jzpfoGm;onf/ {nfhcef; wpfae&m&m Murf;jyifay: usaervm;[k ol &SmazGonf/
uGefysLwmpm;yGJ\ aemuf? {nfhcef;pm;yGJatmuf? qdkzm qufwDawG\
aemufbufawG.../ b,fae&mrSmrS r&Sd/
wa,moH &yfoGm;onf/
]bm&SmwmvJ}
'Dygu vSrf;ar;\/
pmrsufESm (381)
]0uf0H&kyfav;}
]rD;cdk;a&mif tao;av;vm;}
]at;...awGYvm;}
]r&Sdawmhbl;}
]bm...}
ol 'Dyghudk tvefYwMum; vSrf;Munfhrdonf/ 'Dygu wa,mudk

qdkzm&Snfay: csvkduf\/
]bmaj[wmvJ r&Sdawmhbl; qdkwm}
][dkwpfaeYu bkwftD;av; awmif;vdkYigay;vkdufjyD}
ol a'goxGufí bmpum;rS &kwfw&uf rajymedkifbJ aMumifoGm;\/

'DyghrsufESmu cyfwnfwnf/ ol 'DyghqD ajcESpfvSrf;jzifh a&mufoGm;onf/
]rif;...rif;...bmjzpfvdkYpnf;r&Sd urf;r&Sd vkyf&wmvJ? tJ'g ight&kyfav?

rif;t&kyfrS r[kwfbJ}
][if}
ol 'Dyghudk vnfyif;nSpfcsifpdwfjzifh vufESpfzuf &G,fvkdufrd\/

xkdvufrsm;udk 'Dygu qGJz,fypfvdkufygonf/
pmrsufESm (382)
]pum;ajym&if vufrygeJYudkudk}
ol axmif;ceJ a'gyGoGm;\/
]ygawmh rif;u bmvkyfcsifvJ}
]bmrSawmh jyefrvkyfygbl;? rif;u tpfudkyJ? ighudk MudKufovdk

vkyfzkdYvdkifpif &xm;jyD;om;yJ? 'gayrJ rw&m;bl;aygh}
ol 'DyghrsufESmudk rcHcsdrcHom Munfhrd\/ a'goudk xdef;csKyfxm;&ojzifh

olY&ifawG wkeaeonf/ vufygrdrSm pdk;í vufoD;ESpfckudk wif;usyfaeatmif
qkyfxm;&onf/
]ight&kyfudk igrodbJ olrsm; ay;ypfvkdufwmuawmh w&m;ovm;}
]tJ'DtwGuf igawmif;yefw,f? ig rif;OpömrSef; rodvdkYay;vdkufwm}
]rif; ypönf; r[kwfrSef;awmh rif;od&rSmayghuG}
]udkudk...b,fvdkjzpfaevJ? 'g t&kyfav; wpf&kyfav}
olY&ifxJrSm pl;ceJ emusifoGm;onf/
][kwfw,f... t&kyfav;wpf&kyf? 'gayrJh ay;wJhvlu ESvHk;om;eJY

wG,fjidpdwfeJY ay;xm;wm? t&kyfav;wpf&kyf tjzpfxuf ydkw,f}
]aMom...}
pmrsufESm (383)
'Dygonf od'¨dbmjzpfoGm;rSef; tckrS odoGm;um cyftef;tef;

jzpfoGm;onf/
]'gjzifhvJ rif; apmapmpD;pD; wefzkd;xm;jyD; odrf;xm;zkdYaumif;wmaygh}
'Dyghpum;u olY&ifxJodkYwkduf&dkufxdrSefoGm;cJhonf/ ol qkdzmay:rSm

ajcypfvufypf xkdifcsypfvkdufrd\/ aemufqHk;awmh tdyf&may:rSm rodrf;rdwJh
od'¨dtjypfaygh/ ypfpvufcwf ay;vdkufol&JYtjypfr[kwfbl;aygh/ upfupfua&m
bmjzpfvkdYt&kyfav;udk ay;&wmvJ/ pm;yGJwifem&Dvdk? abmvfyifxnfhonfh cGufvdk
ypönf;awGom ay;cJhvSsif olYpm;Munfhpm;yGJ rSm xm;rdrSmyJ/ tckawmh
0uf0H&kyfuav;? jrwfav;cefY[k trnfay;xm;aom 0uf0H&kyfuav;/
'gaMumifhvnf; olYtdyf&may:rSm rxm;&JcJhjcif; jzpfonf/
'Dygu olYwa,mudk aumuf,ljyD; Murf;jyifay: csxm;aom

wa,maowåmxJodkY jyefxnfhvdkufonf/ xkdYaemuf olYtm; wpfcsuf
vSrf;Munfhvdkuf\/ 'DyghrsufESmrSm pdwfraumif;onfh trlt&mudk awGY&onf/
]aqm&D; udkudk...ig rjrwfav;cefYudk awmif;yefay;yghr,f}
]rajymeJY...bmrSrajymeJY? olod&if tcktajctaexuf ydkqdk;oGm;vdrfhr,f}
rlvu r,HkouFm &Sdxm;onfhtxJ aemufxyf oHo, ydkckdifrmaprnfh

udpö rjzpfapcsifyg/
]rif;wkdY...rajyvnfbl;vm;}
pmrsufESm (384)
'Dygu cyfqqar;\/ ol acgif;cg,rf;um vufacsmif;awGxJ rsufESm

iHkYtyfypfvkdufrd onf/
]ig olYudk a&Smifaewm[m olYudk ta&;rxm;vdkYvdkYolxifaew,f}
b,fwkef;urS ta&;w,l rvkyfcJh? wef;wl rqufqHcJhrdaom nDudk

,cktcg t&G,fa&mufol tjzpf owfrSwfjyD; &ifzGifhrdoGm;onf/
]'gjzifh rif;u bmaMumifh a&SmifaecJhwmvJ}
]ig ra&Smif&if [kdvleJY arareJY a0;atmif igb,fvdkvkyf wm;vdkY&yghrvJ?

iga&SmifrS igeJY upfupfeJYa0;rS arareJY[dkvla0;rSmaygh}
]b,folajymvJ}
]bm...}
olYrsufESmay:rS vufacsmif;awG cGm,lvsuf 'Dyghtm; txdwfwvefY

MunfhrdoGm;\/
]ararwdkY ra0;ao;bl;vm;}
tckrS owd&onf/ nnrSm wpfcgwpfcg arar tjyifxGufonfhtcg

'Dyghudk ac:ac: oGm;wwfonf/ ararwdkYbmoGm;vJ[k olwpfcgrSs rpyfpkcJh/
'Dyguvnf; od'¨dudk bmrS jyefrajymcJh/
]'Dyg...rif;bmawG odxm;vJ? ighudkajymprf;yg? arareJY[dkvl...}
pmrsufESm (385)
'Dygu ycHk;wGefYvsuf wa,mtdwfudk aumuf,lqGJum tcef;qDodkY

vSnfhxGufoGm;onf/ od'¨donf wpfukd,fvHk; ylxlvsuf usefcJh\/
aea&mifcefYu tdrfodkYwpfcgrSs zkef;rqufawmhwmESifh ararwdkY

tquftoG,fjywfjyD[k aumufcsufcsvdkYr&yg/ ararhr*¾Zif;wdkufodkY zkef;qufvdkY
&aewmyJ? tdrfrSm vmrawGYwm ESifhyJ ararwdkY rawGYMuawmhbl;[k aumufcsufcs
vdkYr&? awGUp&m ae&mawG trsm;MuD; &Sdonf/ aea&mifcefY\ tcef;rSm awGUvSsif
upfupfawmif odrSm r[kwf/
]'Dyg...}
ol 0kef;ceJ xvkdufoGm;rd\/ 'Dygu ckwifatmufrSm wa,maowåmudk

at;at;aq;aq; xm;jyD;aemuf olYudk at;wdat;puf &ifqdkifonf/ 'DyguyJ
pum;pajymygonf/ ar;cGef;wpfckESifh pjcif; jzpfonf/
]udkudk...tck rif; bmjzpfaewmvJ}
][kdaeYnu arar rif;udk ac:jyD; b,foGm;wmvJ? b,foleJYawGYwmvJ}
]q&m0efwpfa,mufudk tifwmAsL;oGm;vkyfwm? rif;u b,fvdk xifvdkYvJ}
b,fvdkxifonf[k rajzcsifyg/
]aea&mifcefYeJY arar awGYaeao;vm;}
]tJ'g ig b,fodrvJ? odcsif&if rif; ararhudk wdkuf&dkufar;av}
pmrsufESm (386)
]rif; &efpum; rajymeJY}
]&efpum; r[kwfygbl;? rif;vkyfyHku obm0ruswmyg? arareJY

aea&mifcefYeJY awGYao;vm; rawGYbl;vm; ig *&krpdkufbl;? awGYw,fqdk&ifvJ
ta&;rMuD;bl;? arar olYudk ,lr,fqkd&ifvJ 'g ararhtcGifhta&;yJ? igwdkYwm;ydkifcGifh
r&Sdbl;? wm;vJ rwm;oifhbl;}
]'gawG tm;vHk; rif;aMumifhjzpfwm}
ol vufnSdK;xdk;vsuf pGyfpGJvdkufrdonf/ 'Dyg vufrcHyg/ a'gowMuD;

jyefatmf\/
]bmrS rqdkifbl;}
]qdkifw,f? rif; tdrfu xGufoGm;vdkY}
]r[kwfbl;}
'Dyg rsuf&nf&pf0dkif;vsuf toHukefatmf[pf\ xkdtcsdefrSm

tjyifwHcg;qDrS oHyef;wHcg; aomhcavmuf qGJvIyfoH w*dsKif;*sdKif; Mum;&onf/
od'¨d tcef;jyifodkY a'gowMuD; xGufvmcJh\/ wHcg;ysOfcsyfudk w'kef;'kef; xoH/
ol tajy;tvTm; wHcg; oGm;zGifhvdkufonf/ wHcg;tjyifbufwGif tom;ESifh
uyfaeaom teuf0wfpHkjzifh upfupf/
]xkvdkuf&wm[,f}
pmrsufESm (387)
od'¨d\ MudK;pm;jyKjyifxm;aom rsufESmxm;udk upfupf zwfrdoGm;onf/

upfupf\ pdwfr&Snfaom tjyHK;av; aysmufoGm;um tav;teuf trlt&m
ajymif;oGm;ygonf/
]vm...}
ol wpfcGef;yJ ac:rdonf/ upfupf0ifvm\/ ol wHcg; jyefydwfvdkufonf/

upfupfu {nfhcef;qkdzmqD avSsmufoGm;onf/
]bmaomufrvJ}
]bm&SdvJ[if}
]tpHkyJ}
]azsmfaomufvdkY&wJh[m &Sdvm;? toD;wpfckck? Oyrm yef;oD;? urÁvmoD;?

oHy&moD;? rkefvmOeD}
olYa'goawG enf;enf;avsmhvmonf/
]tukef&Sdw,f? tukefazsmfay;&rvm;}
]tdk...}
upfupf &,fygonf/ ekaxG;aom eIwfcrf;av;rSm bmEIwfcrf;qdk;aq;rS

qdk;rxm;yg/ olonf upfupfudka&m ararhudka&m EIwfcrf;qdk;aq; rqdk;vSsif ydkí
cspfygonf/ xkdEIwfcrf;av;aMumifh &SdorSs a'goawG vGifhjy,foGm;\/
pmrsufESm (388)
]tukefrazsmfeJYav? urÁvmoD;yJ azsmfay;uGm}
]udk,fh[mudk,f vdkufazsmfuGm...vm}
upfupfudk rD;zdkxJodkYac:oGm;ygonf/ rD;zkdxJa&mufawmh upfupfu

tdrf&Sif? olu {nfhonf jzpfoGm;onf/ Blender xJ xnfhzkdY urÁvmoD;awGudk
tcGHoifaeaom upfupf ab;rSm oleD;uyfpGm &yfaerd\/ em;aygufr&Sdaom
em;&Gufatmuf tzsm;av;rSm eDeDaxG;axG;av;/ El;nHhjyD; at;pufaom tJonf
ae&mav;udk olcspfonf/ aemufjyD; tJonfem;&Guf\ atmufajcvnfwdkifab;
wpfavSsmufu aoG;aMumjzwfoef;vSKyfckef&m? qGJMudK;rSSsifrSsifav; wifaeaom
ae&mwpf0kdufudkvnf; olcspfonf/ aEG;vnf; aEG;jyD; arT;vnf; arT;aomae&m/
xkdae&mav;udk iHkYMunfh&if; aEG;vmaom EIwfcrf;rsm;jzifh ol raoroyfjyHK;rdonf/
]bmMunfhwmvJ}
upfupfu yg;jyifESpfzuf eDa&mifoef;um olYbuf vSnfhar;\/ ol

ycHk;wGefYjyvdkufonf/
]bmrS rMunfhygbl;}
]od'¨daemf...bmrS MuHpnfzkdYpdwfrul;eJY? 'Dr,f awGYvm;..."m;}
]a[mAsm...bmvkyfvdkYvJ}
]rodbl;av}
ESpfa,mufvHk; rsufESmylaEG;pGm &,farmrdMuonf/
pmrsufESm (389)
Blender xJ urÁvmoD;awG xnfhjyD; cvkwfzGifhawmh Blender

tvkyfrvkyf/ ol owd&oGm;onf/
][m...oGm;jyD? rD;jywfaew,fuG}
][if...Munfh? 'goufouf olrsm;udk...}
]r[kwfbl;? wdkYvHk;0 owdr&wm}
]r&bl;...r&bl;? &atmif azsmfay;&rSmyJ}
upfupfu EIwfcrf;plvsuf uav;av;vdk ajcaqmifhatmfygonf/ ol

ysm,mcwfoGm;\/
]tckazsmfay;}
]azsmfay;r,f...azsmfay;r,f? wdkYvufeJYnSpfay;r,f? r&GHUbl;qdk&if...}
]vufpifpifaq;}
]tdkau...}
ol vufaq;uefrSm vufudk qyfjymESpfxyfwkdufvsuf aq;jyD;aemuf

urÁvmoD;jcrf;awGudk t&nfnSpfay;vdkufygonf/ urÁvmoD;av;vHk; ukefoGm;
ayr,fh t&nfu zefcGuf\ wpf0ufavmufyJ &onf/
]a&eJYa&mjyD; azsmfay;r,faemf}
pmrsufESm (390)
]rvdkcsifbl;? zefcGufwpfcGuf&atmif xyfjznfhay;}
][m upfupf...AdkvfruseJYuGm? tJavmufjynfhatmifqdk&if tvHk;awG

trsm;MuD; nSpf&rSmaygh}
]nSpfaygh}
Blender oHk;aeusjzpfaomaMumifh t&nfnSpfonfh yvwfpwpfcGuf

tpHkvdkufuav; b,fem;a&mufaerSef; rodyg/ olpdwfnpfoGm;\/
]upfupf... urÁvm&nf &&ifjyD;a&m r[kwfvm;}
upfupf bmrS rajymyg/ olYudkvnf; rMunfhyg/ ol zefcGufxJodkY

qm;tenf;i,fESifh oMum;wpfZGef; xnfhjyD; a&azsmfay;vdkufygonf/ ol
wpfZGef;cyfjyD; jrnf;Munfhvkdufygonf/
][m;...odyfaumif;wmyJ? a&mh}
upfupfudk zefcGufvSrf;ay;awmh upfupfu r,l/ pdwfaumufoGm;jyD[k

ol odvdkuf\/
]upfupf...aomufav]
]raomufbl;? apwemr&SdbJeJYjyD;jyD;a&m azsmfay;wmMuD;}
]a[mAsm}
pmrsufESm (391)
ol pdwfwdkoGm;onf/ upfupfonf oli,fcsif;b0wkef;u olYudk

tavSsmhay;cJh\/ ,cktcg olYtay: tedkif,lcsifaeonf/ oluvnf; t"dyÜm,fr&Sd
pdwfaumufwmudk enf;enf;rS onf;rcHedkif/
]upfupf raomuf&if wdkYoGefypfvkdufrSmaemf]
]oGefaygh}
xdkpum;tqHk;rSm od'¨donf zefcGufxJu azsmf&nfawGudk

vufaq;uefxJodkY oGefcsypfvdkufawmhonf/ upfupfudk vSrf;Munfh&if;
oGefjyvdkufjcif; jzpfojzifh upfupf rsuf&nfawG csufcsif; jynfhvSsHvmwmudk
jrif&onf/ olrsufESmvTJvsuf zefcGufudk vufaq;uefxJ ypfxnfhvdkufonf/
zefcGufonf pwD;uefxJrSm toHjrnfvsuf usoGm;\/
]odygw,f? od'¨drlrrSefbl;qdkwm wdkYodaeom;yJ}
upfupfu &IdKufoHwpf0ufjzifh pGyfpGJygonf/
]jrwfaumif;eJY abmf'DuJ&fudk vdkufoGm;uwnf;u wdkYodw,f}
]bm...}
ol wtHhwMo vSnfhMunfhrdonf/ upfupf\ pl;&Sawmufyaom

rsuf0ef;rsm;udk jrif&onf/
]udk,frupm;bJeJY vdkufoGm;wm [kdaumifrav;eJY &IyfzkdYu vGJjyD;

bm&SdOD;rSmvJ}
pmrsufESm (392)
]upfupf...rqdkifwJhvludk bmjzpfvdkYqGJxnfhcsif&wmvJ? tJ'Dtusifhudk

wdkYrMudKufygbl;}
]rqdkifbl;vm;...rqdkifbl;vm;? wdkYeJYawGYzdkY rvmbJeJY oleJYawGYzkdY

oGm;oGm;aewm ... tJ'g rqdkifbl;vm;}
ol upfupftem;odkY jAKef;ceJ a&mufoGm;\/ olrcHekdifawmhyg/ upfupf\

txifvGJrI pdwfaumufrIudk ol rcHedkifawmhyg/ olY&ifxJu rsdKodyfxdef;csKyfrI
awGudkvnf; olrcHekdifawmhyg/
]upfupf...upfupfudk wkdYrawGYcsifwm oleJYbmrS rqdkifbl;}
upfupf rsufESmav; jzLazsmhoGm;\/ od'¨dudk jyL;us,faom

rsuf0ef;rsm;jzifh tHhMowkefvIyf pGm Munfhygonf/
]rawGYcsifbl;...? wdkYudk...? od'¨d...wdkYudk rawGYcsifbl;? tJ'g...tJ'g...

wu,faygh}
upfupf csmueJ vSnfhxGufajy;zdkYjyifonf/ od'¨d upfupfvufarmif;udk

vsifjrefpGm zrf;qGJxm;vdkufygonf/
]aeygOD;...upfupf wdkYajymrSmudk em;axmif}
]rajymeJY...rajymygeJY}
]ajym&r,f? wdkYajymwmudk upfupf em;axmifrS jzpfr,f}
pmrsufESm (393)
]raxmifcsifbl;? rajymygeJY? wdkYudk rawGYcsifwJhtaMumif;awG rajymygeJY}
upfupfrsuf&nfawGusvsuf &Idufidkvdkufavonf/ olxlyloGm;onf/ ol

upfupfudk jAKef;ceJ zufayGYxm;vdkufrdawmh upfupf &kef;xGufzkdYMudK;pm;onf/ ol
upfupf\ qHyifawGMum;xJ rsufESmtyfum erf;rdoGm;\/
]upfupf&,f...em;axmifygOD;? aus;Zl;jyKjyD; em;axmifay;yg...upfupf&JY?

wdkYupfupfudk b,favmufyJ cspfcspf upfupfudk rawGY&Jbl;? rcsdef;&Jbl;?
bmjzpfvdkYvJvdkY ar;yg... ar;prf;yg upfupf&JY}
upfupfonf &kef;rxGufawmhbJ od'¨d&ifcGifrSm rsufESmtyfum idkaeonf/
]bmjzpfvdkYvJqdkawmh upfupftpfudkeJY wdkYarareJY ,lwJhtxd uGsHoGm;rSm

aMumufvdkYyg}
upfupf qwfceJ wkefvSKyfoGm;\/ olY&ifcGifrS rsufESmcGmvsuf olYudk

armhMunfhonf/
]bm...}
]udkaea&mifcefYeJYarareJY...}
][ifhtif;}
]r,Hkbl;vm;? upfupf r,Hkbl;vm;}
upfupf aMumufvefYwMum; jidrfoufoGm;ygonf/
pmrsufESm (394)
]upfupf pdwfrqdk;eJYaemf? wdkYupfupf tpfudkudk tJ'DaeYu a&cJxnhfwJh

tdwfwJh rsufESmudk &kdufxnfhypfvkdufw,f? ol awmfawmfxdoGm;w,f? wdkYudk bmrS
rjiif;bl;? jyefvJ rvkyfbl;}
upfupf udk,fcE¾¨m olYxHrSm a0;oGm;\/ upfupf rsuf&nfawG

okwfvkdufygonf/ EIwfcrf;tpHku idkcsifpdwfjzifh rJhaeqJ/
]udkudk rsufESmrSm aoG;awGeJY tdrfjyefvmzl;w,f}
][kwfw,f... tJ'g 'Dtdrfu tjyefyJ? a[m'Dae&mrSmyJ jzpfoGm;cJhwm}
upfupf\ tm&Hku onfae&mrS r&Sd/ ta0;odkYysHYvGifha&mufaeonf/
]tJ'Dwkef;u txl;tqef;ESpfck qufwkdufMuHK&w,f? wpf&ufjyD; wpf&ufyJ?

yxrqHk; udkudk wpfcgrS &efrjzpfpzl;bJeJ Y'Pf&mawGeJY tdrfjyefvmw,f? udkudkYudk
b,folvkyfvdkufwmvJ qdkawmh b,folrSef; rodbl;wJh? tJ'Daemuf
aemufwpfaeYrSm od'¨du wdkYudk cspfw,fvdkY ajymw,f}
upfupf\ toHrSm wpfckckudk jyefvnf rSef;q yHkazmfaeovdkrsdK;/

wdk;wdk;uav;/ od'¨d Mum;edkif&HkrSsomygyJ/ upfupf olYudk ai;Munfhaeaomfvnf;
jrif[efrwlyg/
]tJ'g...rxl;qef;bl;vm;? wkdYeJY od'¨deJY oli,fcsif; jzpfwm udk;wef;

uwnf;u ... av;ESpf&SdjyD? b,fwkef;urS...}
pmrsufESm (395)
od'¨donf upfupf bmawGawG;aeonfudk jAKef;ceJ odvdkuf&awmh

vefYoGm;\/
]upfupf...}
upfupf ycHk;udk ol r0Hhr&J xdudkifvdkufonfhtcg upfupf aemufqkwf

oGm;ygonf/
]'gaMumifh udkudku wkdYudkar;wm? nDrav;eJYod'¨d Zmwfvrf; b,fwkef;u

pcJhvJvdkY tav;teufar;wm}
]r[kwfbl;? upfupf xifaewm r[kwfbl;}
ol wkefvIyfpGm atmf[pfrdonf/ upfupf rsuf&nfawG aemufwpfMudrf

jynhfvSsH&mrS vdrfhqif;usvmjyefavonf/
]rxifcJhygbl;...enf;enf;rS rxifcJhrdygbl; od'¨d&,f}
]wdkYajymwmudk em;axmifygOD;? wdkY...upfupfudk wu,ftav;teuf...}
]bmqdkifvkdYvJ? udkudkvkyfwJhtvkyfeJY wkdYeJY bmqdkifvdkYvJ? rw&m;bl;...od'¨d

vHk;0rw&m;bl;}
upfupfonf od'¨d\ rsufESmudk aphaphMunfhvsuf emusifpGm atmf[pfum

vSnfhxGufoGm;ygonff/
pmrsufESm (396)
tjzpftysufrSm jrefqefvGef;ojzifh bmjzpfoGm;rSef; rodvdkufay/ upfupf

emusifoGm;jyDvm;/ upfupf olYtay: txifvGJoGm;jyD/
]upfupfa&...}
upfupfudk awmif;yefzkdY ajz&Sif;zkdYol tajy;tvTm; vdkufoGm;rdonf/

{nfhcef;a&mufrS upfupfudk rD\/
upfupfa&SYrS wm;vdkufrdonf/ cPaeygOD; upfupf&,f/ odkYaomf

olYudk,fol tjyifuif;pifaMumif; oufaojyedkifvdkYvm;/ av;ESpfvHk;vHk; olYbufu
oHa,mZOfawGudk xdef;csKyfedkifcJhygvsuf xkdaeYu bmjzpfvdkYzGifhcsvdkufrdygovJ/
olYrSm &SdcJhzl;aom oHo,u olYudk jyefzdpD;vmaomtcg ol acgif;iHkYpdkufum
upfupfa&SYrS z,fay;vdkufrdonf/
upfupf &SdKufoHwpf0ufwpfysufjzifh wHcg;udk tavmwMuD; zGifh\/ wHcg;

'dkif;ceJ t&Sdefjyif;pGm yGifhoGm;onf/
]upfupf...}
upfupf vSnfhrMunfhbJ tjyifxGufvkdufonf/
]tJ'DaeYu wdkufwdkufqdkifqdkif ajymvdkufrdwm tjypfqdk&if...}
ol uaomuarsm vSrf;ajymcsdefrSm upfupf ausmay;vsuf cP&yfoGm;\/

zdeyfpD;aewm jzpfygvdrfhrnf/ oltm;wif;um ajymcsvdkufonf/
pmrsufESm (397)
]tJ'Dtjypfudk wkdYwpfoufvHk; cHpm;oGm;rSmyg upfupf? aocsmwm

wpfckuawmh upfupfudk wdkYcspfaecJhwm MumvSjyD? awmfawmfudk MumcJhygjyD
upfupf&,f}
ol qufajymaom pum;rsm;udk upfupf Mum;rMum; rodawmhyg/

upfupfu avSum;wpfavSsmufw'dkif;'dkif; ajy;qif;oGm;aomaMumifhjzpfygonf/
ol avSum;xdyfrSm awGawGMuD; &yfvsuf usef&pfaecJhonf/
ESvHk;qDrSm pl;pl;&S&S emusifvsuf usef&pfcJhonf/
reufjzefqkdaomt&m bmrSef;rodatmif [if;vif;jyifjzpfvsuf

usef&pfcJhonf/
olYudk,fol owdxm;rdonfhtcsddefrSm ol wHcg;&Gufudk rsufESmtyfvsuf

'l;axmufaecJhrdjyD/
pmrsufESm (398)
(27)
us,favmifvSwJh'Pf&mxJu aoG;awGvdk
pD;aewJh yifv,ftoHudk em;axmif&if;
v&JYatmufbuf rdkifta0;rSm
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*sL;
13 pufwifbm 2001
pmrsufESm (409)
pmrsufESm (410)

JUU - La Yae Out Phat Mile Away Mhar

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JUU - La Yae Out Phat Mile Away Mhar

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Typed by sin@dim (MyanmarCupid Community Forum)

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