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CONTENTS
1
SECTION I
Appearance White, free flowing powder having a mild fatty acid odour.
2
SECTION II
PRODUCT APPLICATIONS
Sebacic acid
3
SECTION III
INDIAN MANUFACTURERS
4
SECTION IV
IMPORT/EXPORT LEVEL
Period 2002
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4.2. Export level : Around 20 tonnes per annum
Country Quantity in Kg
USA 20120
SECTION V
PRICE TRENDS
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SECTION VI
INDIAN DEMAND
The demand assessment of Sebacic acid is made for the following applications.
2. Plasticizers like dioctyl sebacate, butyl, isooctyl, benzyl and methyl sebacate.
Nylon 6,10:-
The polyamide nylon 6,10 obtained by reaction of sebacic acid with hexamethylene
diamine (HMDA), no longer has any industrial significance.
Nylon 11:-
Nylon 11 which is the castor oil based derivative and is not produced in the country.
Sebacate plasticizers
Sebacic acid is used in the manufacture of number of sebacates like di octyl sebacate, di
butyl sebacate, di ethyl sebacate, di isoctyl sebacate, which are used as plasticizers.
Sebacate plasticizers are primarily used because of their superior low temperature
properties compared to the phthalate plasticizers. Di octyl sebacate and di butyl
sebacate are used as part plasticizers to resist migration and to increase sulphur staining.
It is used as stabilizers, for the PVC products requiring low temperature properties.
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Indigenous demand for Sebacate plasticizers
The estimated demand for sebacic acid for sebacate plasticizers is around 3000 tonnes
per annum.
Synthetic resins
Sebacic acid is used in the manufacture of saturated polyester resin and unsaturated
polyester resin.
There are a number of substitutes for sebacic acid for synthetic resin manufacture and
its use level in the synthetic resins industry is negligible.
Lubricant industry
Sebacic acid is used as additives for low temperature lubricants at high altitudes. They
are used as additive in lubricants for aircrafts engines and also as additives in hydraulic
fluids.
The use of Sebacic acid in lubricants is confined to aircrafts for use at high altitude
levels. Synthetic lubricating oils are generally used instead of Sebacic acid.
Total demand
The present Indian demand for Sebacic acid is estimated to be around 3500 tonnes per
annum.
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SECTION VII
1. Alkaline cleavage of castor oil or ricinoleic acid in the either batch or continuous
process.
3. By oxycarbonylation of butadiene
Sebacic acid is produced commercially by Union Camp in Dover, Ohio, by Kokoku Oil
Company in Japan, and by a state enterprise in the People's Republic of China.
The process used in each case is based on the caustic oxidation of Castor oil or
Ricinoleic acid in either a batch or continuous process.
The Castor oil or Ricinoleic acid and caustic are fed to a reactor (usually Monel or
Nickel) at a temperature of 180-270 deg C where the ricinoleic acid undergoes a series
of reactions with evolution of hydrogen to give disodium sebacate and capryl alcohol.
When the reaction is complete, the soaps are dissolved in water and acidified to a pH of
about 6.
At this pH, the soaps are converted to free acids that are insoluble in water. The
disodium sebacate is then partially neutralized to the half acid salt which is water
soluble. The oil and aqueous layers are separated. The aqueous layer containing the
half salt is acidulated to a pH of about 2, causing the resulting sebacic acid to
precipitate from the solution.
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The process is further described below:
The alkali fusion of castor oil using sodium or potassium hydroxide in the presence of
catalysts to split the ricinoleate molecule, results in two different products depending on
reaction conditions. At lower (180-200 deg.C) reaction temperatures using one mole of
alkali, methylhexyl ketone and 10-hydroxydecanoic acid are prepared.
The 10-hydroxydecanoic acid is formed in good yield when either castor oil or methyl
ricinoleate is fused in the presence of a high boiling primary or secondary alcohol such
as 1 or 2 octanol.
An electro oxidation process was developed by Asahi Chemical Industry in Japan, and
was also piloted by BASF in Germany. It produces high purity Sebacic acid from Adipic
acid.
The process consists of three steps. Adipic acid is partially esterfied to the monomethyl
adipate. Electrolysis of the potassium salt of monomethyl adipate in a mixture of
methanol and water gives dimethyl sebacate. The last step is the hydrolysis of dimethyl
sebacate to Sebacic acid. Overall yields are reported to be about 85%.
Source of technology
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Major plant and machinery and suppliers
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Vacuum pumps Southern India Instrumech Pvt. Ltd.,
160, Baba Nagar, Villivakkam
Chennai-600 049
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SECTION VIII
Raw material
Utility
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SECTION IX
GLOBAL SCENARIO
General details
India, Brazil and China are the major producers of castor and castor oil derivatives in the world
Total world production of castor oil and derivatives 1.2 million tonnes
Indian share in world production 0.74 million tonnes (62% of world production)
Global demand for Sebacic acid Around 2 lakh tonnes per annum
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SECTION X
1. Land
2. Building
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4. Technical know-how fees Rs.3.5 lakhs
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11. Financial statements
B Fixed cost
G. Breakeven point in % 42
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SECTION XI
SWOT ANALYSIS
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SECTION XII
Sebacate plasticiser is considered as the eco friendly product and is ideal for use in cold
climatic conditions.
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