Lookup/Ref Functions

Returns a text
representation of a cell
ADDRESS(WS) address
Returns the number of
AREAS(WS) ranges in a reference
Returns a value from a
list of values based on
CHOOSE(WS,VBA) a given position
Returns the column
number of a cell
COLUMN(WS)
Returns
referencethe number of
columns in a cell
COLUMNS(WS) Performs
reference a horizontal
lookup by searching for
a value in the top row
of the table and
returning the value in
the same column
HLOOKUP(WS) based on the
index_number
Creates a shortcut to a
HYPERLINK(WS) file or Internet address
Returns either the
value or the reference
to a value from a table
INDEX(WS)
or range the reference
Returns
to a cell based on its
INDIRECT(WS) string representation
Returns a value from a
range (one row or one
column) or from an
LOOKUP(WS)
array
Searches for a value in
an array and returns
the relative position of
MATCH(WS) that item
Returns a reference to
a range that is offset a
number of rows and
OFFSET(WS) columns
Returns the row
number of a cell
ROW(WS)
reference
Returns the number of
ROWS(WS) rows in a cell reference
Returns a transposed
TRANSPOSE(WS) range of cells
 Performs a vertical
lookup by searching for
a value in the first
column of a table and
returning the value in
VLOOKUP(WS) the same row in the
index_number position
String/Text Functions
Returns ASCII value of
ASC(VBA) a character
Returns the character
based on the ASCII
CHAR(WS)
Returns
value the character
based on the ASCII
CHR(VBA)
value
nonprintable
CLEAN(WS) characters
Returns thefrom a
ASCII
value of a character or
the first character in a
CODE(WS)
cell
Used to join 2 or more
CONCAT(WS) strings
Used totogether
join 2 or more
strings together
(replaced by CONCAT
CONCATENATE(WS)
Function)
Used to join 2 or more
strings together using
CONCATENATEwith&(WS,VBA)
the & operator
Converts a number to
text, using a currency
DOLLAR(WS)
Compares
format two strings
and returns TRUE if
both values are the
EXACT(WS)
same
Returns the location of
a substring in a string
FIND(WS) (case-sensitive)
Returns a text
representation of a
number rounded to a
FIXED(WS)
specified number of
decimal places
Takes a string
expression and returns
FORMATSTRINGS(VBA) it as a formatted string
Returns the position of
the first occurrence of
INSTR(VBA) a substring in a string
 Returns the position of
the first occurrence of
a string in another
INSTRREV(VBA)
string, starting from
the end ofathe
Converts string
string to
LCASE(VBA) lowercase
Extract a substring
from a string, starting
from the left-most
LEFT(WS,VBA)
character
Returns the length of
LEN(WS,VBA) the specified string
Converts all letters in
the specified string to
LOWER(WS) lowercase
Removes leading
LTRIM(VBA) spaces from a string
Extracts a substring
from a string (starting
MID(WS,VBA) at any position)
Sets the first character
in each word to
uppercase and the rest
PROPER(WS)
Replaces a sequence
to lowercase
of characters in a
string with another set
REPLACE(WS)
Replaces a sequence
of characters
of characters in a
string with another set
REPLACE(VBA)
of characters
Returns a repeated
text value a specified
REPT(WS) number
Extractsof
a times
substring
from a string starting
from the right-most
RIGHT(WS,VBA)
character
Removes trailing
RTRIM(VBA) spaces from a string
Returns the location of
SEARCH(WS) a substring in a string
Returns a string with a
specified number of
SPACE(VBA) spaces
Used to split a string
into substrings based
SPLIT(VBA) on a delimiter
 Returns a string
representation of a
STR(VBA)
Returns
number an integer
value representing the
result of a string
STRCOMP(VBA)
Returns a string
comparison
converted to
uppercase, lowercase,
STRCONV(VBA)
proper
Returnscase or Unicode
a string whose
characters are in
STRREVERSE(VBA) reverse order
Replaces a set of
characters with
SUBSTITUTE(WS)
another
Returns the text
T(WS) referred to by a value
Returns a value
converted to text with
TEXT(WS) a specified
Used to joinformat
2 or more
strings together
separated by a
TEXTJOIN(WS)
Returns
delimitera text value
with the leading and
trailing spaces
TRIM(WS,VBA)
removed
Converts a string to all
UCASE(VBA) uppercase
Convert text to all
UPPER(WS) uppercase
Returns the numbers
VAL(VBA) found in a string
Converts a text value
that represents a
VALUE(WS) number to a number

Date/Time Functions
Returns the serial date
DATE(WS) value for a date
Returns the current
DATE(VBA) system
Returnsdate
a date after
which a certain
time/date interval has
DATEADD(VBA)
been added
 Returns the difference
between two date
values, based on the
DATEDIF(WS) interval specified
Returns the difference
between two date
values, based on the
DATEDIFF(VBA) interval specified
Returns a specified
DATEPART(VBA) part of a given date
Returns a date given a
year, month, and day
DATESERIAL(VBA)
value
Returns the serial
DATEVALUE(WS,VBA) number
Returns of
thea day
dateof the
month (a number from
1 to 31) given a date
DAY(WS,VBA)
value
Returns the number of
DAYS(WS) days between 2 dates
Returns the number of
days between two
dates based on a 360-
DAYS360(WS)
day
Addsyear
a specified
number of months to a
date and returns the
EDATE(WS) result as a serial date
Calculates the last day
of the month after
adding a specified
EOMONTH(WS)
number of months to a
date
Takes a date
expression and returns
FORMATDATES(VBA) it as a formatted string
Returns the hours (a
number from 0 to 23)
HOUR(WS,VBA) from a time value
Returns the ISO week
ISOWEEKNUM(WS) number for a date
Returns the minutes (a
number from 0 to 59)
MINUTE(WS,VBA) from a time value
Returns the month (a
number from 1 to 12)
MONTH(WS,VBA) given a date value
 Returns a string
representing the month
given a number from 1
MONTHNAME(VBA) to 12
Returns the number of
work days between 2
dates, excluding
NETWORKDAYS(WS) weekends and holidays
Returns the number of
work days between 2
dates, excluding
NETWORKDAYS.INTL(WS) weekends and holidays
Returns the current
NOW(WS,VBA) system date and time
Returns the seconds (a
number from 0 to 59)
SECOND(WS) from a time value
Returns a decimal
number given an hour,
minute and second
TIME(WS)
value
Returns a time given
an hour, minute, and
TIMESERIAL(VBA) second value
Returns the serial
TIMEVALUE(WS,VBA) number of a time
Returns the current
TODAY(WS) system
Returnsdate
a number
representing the day of
the week, given a date
WEEKDAY(WS,VBA)
value
Returns a string
representing the day of
the week given a
WEEKDAYNAME(VBA) number from 1 to 7
Returns the week
WEEKNUM(WS) number for a date
Adds a specified
number of work days to
a date and returns the
WORKDAY(WS) result
Adds aas a serial date
specified
number of work days to
a date and returns the
result as a serial date
WORKDAY.INTL(WS) (customizable
weekends)
 Returns a four-digit
year (a number from
1900 to 9999) given a
YEAR(WS,VBA)
date value
Returns the number of
days between 2 dates
YEARFRAC(WS) as a year fraction

Math/Trig Functions
Returns the absolute
ABS(WS,VBA) value of a number
Returns the arccosine
(in radians) of a
ACOS(WS)
number
Returns the inverse
hyperbolic cosine of a
ACOSH(WS) number
Apply functions such
AVERAGE, SUM,
COUNT, MAX or MIN
and ignore errors or
AGGREGATE(WS) hidden rows
Returns the arcsine (in
ASIN(WS) radians) of a number
Returns the inverse
hyperbolic sine of a
ASINH(WS) number
Returns the arctangent
(in radians) of a
ATAN(WS)
number
Returns the arctangent
(in radians) of (x,y)
ATAN2(WS) coordinates
Returns the inverse
hyperbolic tangent of a
ATANH(WS) number
Returns the arctangent
ATN(VBA) of a number
Returns a number
rounded up based on a
CEILING(WS) multiple
Returns aofnumber
significance
rounded up to the
nearest integer or to
CEILING.PRECISE(WS)
the nearest multiple of
Returns the number of
significance
combinations for a
specified number of
COMBIN(WS)
items
 Returns the number of
combinations for a
specified number of
COMBINA(WS)
items and includes
repetitions
Returns the cosine of
COS(WS,VBA) an angle
Returns the hyperbolic
COSH(WS) cosine of a number
Converts radians into
DEGREES(WS) degrees
Rounds a number up to
the nearest even
EVEN(WS)
integer
Returns e raised to the
EXP(WS,VBA) nth power
Returns the factorial of
FACT(WS) a number
Returns the integer
FIX(VBA) portion
Returnsof a number
a number
rounded down based
on a multiple of
FLOOR(WS)
significance
Takes a numeric
expression and returns
FORMATNUMBERS(VBA) it as a formatted string
Returns the integer
INT(WS,VBA) portion of a number
Returns the natural
LN(WS) logarithm of a number
Returns the logarithm
of a number to a
LOG(WS,VBA) specified base
Returns the base-10
LOG10(WS) logarithm of a number
Returns the matrix
MDETERM(WS) determinant of an array
Returns the inverse
matrix for a given
MINVERSE(WS)
matrix
Returns the matrix
MMULT(WS) product of two arrays
Returns the remainder
after a number is
MOD(WS) divided by a divisor
Rounds a number up to
ODD(WS) the nearest odd integer
 Returns the
mathematical constant
PI(WS)
called
Returnspithe result of a
number raised to a
POWER(WS) given power
Multiplies the numbers
and returns the
PRODUCT(WS)
product
Converts degrees into
RADIANS(WS) radians
Returns a random
number that is greater
than or equal to 0 and
RAND(WS)
Returns
less thana 1random
number that is
between a bottom and
RANDBETWEEN(WS)
Used to change the
top range
seed value used by the
random number
RANDOMIZE(VBA)
generator for the RND
function
Used to generate a
random number
RND(VBA) (integer value)
Converts a number to
ROMAN(WS) roman numeral
Returns a number
rounded to a specified
ROUND(WS) number of digits
Returns a number
rounded to a specified
ROUND(VBA) number
Returns of digits
a number
rounded down to a
specified number of
ROUNDDOWN(WS)
Returns
digits a number
rounded up to a
specified number of
ROUNDUP(WS)
digits
Returns the sign of a
SGN(VBA) number
Returns the sign of a
SIGN(WS) number
Returns the sine of an
SIN(WS,VBA) angle
Returns the hyperbolic
SINH(WS) sine of a number
 Returns the square
SQR(VBA) root of a number
Returns the square
SQRT(WS) root of athe
number
Returns subtotal of
the numbers in a
column in a list or
SUBTOTAL(WS)
database
Adds all numbers in a
SUM(WS) range of cells
Adds all numbers in a
range of cells based on
SUMIF(WS) one
Addscriteria
all numbers in a
range of cells, based
on a single or multiple
SUMIFS(WS)
criteria
Multiplies the
corresponding items in
the arrays and returns
SUMPRODUCT(WS) the sum of the results
Returns the sum of the
squares of a series of
SUMSQ(WS) values
Returns the sum of the
difference of squares
SUMX2MY2(WS) between twosum
arrays
Returns the of the
squares of
corresponding items in
SUMX2PY2(WS)
Returns the sum of the
the arrays
squares of the
differences between
SUMXMY2(WS)
corresponding items in
the arrays
Returns the tangent of
TAN(WS,VBA) an angle
Returns the hyperbolic
TANH(WS) tangent
Returns of a number
a number
truncated to a
specified number of
TRUNC(WS)
digits

Statistical Functions
Returns the average of
the absolute deviations
of the numbers
AVEDEV(WS)
provided
 Returns the average of
AVERAGE(WS) the numbers provided
Returns the average of
the numbers provided
and treats TRUE as 1
AVERAGEA(WS) and FALSE as 0
Returns the average of
all numbers in a range
of cells, based on a
AVERAGEIF(WS) given criteria
Returns the average of
all numbers in a range
of cells, based on
AVERAGEIFS(WS) multiple criteria
Returns the beta
BETA.DIST(WS) distribution
Returns the inverse of
the cumulative beta
probability density
BETA.INV(WS)
function
Returns the cumulative
beta probability
BETADIST(WS) density
Returns function
the inverse of
the cumulative beta
probability density
BETAINV(WS)
function
Returns the individual
term binomial
BINOM.DIST(WS) distribution
Returns the probability
smallest
value for which the
cumulative binomial
distribution is greater
BINOM.INV(WS) than or equal to a
criterion
Returns the individual
term binomial
BINOMDIST(WS) distribution probability
Returns the one-tailed
probability of the chi-
CHIDIST(WS) squared distribution
Returns the inverse of
the one-tailed
probability of the chi-
CHIINV(WS)
Returns
squared the value from
distribution
the chi-squared
CHITEST(WS)
distribution
 Counts the number of
cells that contain
numbers as well as the
number of arguments
COUNT(WS) that contain numbers
Counts the number of
cells that are not
empty as well as the
COUNTA(WS)
number of value
arguments
Counts the provided
number of
COUNTBLANK(WS) empty cells in a range
Counts the number of
cells in a range, that
COUNTIF(WS) meets
Countsathegiven criteria
number of
cells in a range, that
meets a single or
COUNTIFS(WS)
Returns
multiple the
criteria
covariance, the
average of the
COVAR(WS)
products of deviations
Returns a prediction
for two data sets of
a future value based on
existing values
FORECAST(WS)
Returns
providedhow often
values occur within a
set of data. It returns a
FREQUENCY(WS)
vertical array of
Returns
numbersthe predicted
exponential growth
based on existing
GROWTH(WS)
values
Returnsprovided
the y-axis
intersection point of a
line using x-axis values
INTERCEPT(WS) and y-axis
Returns thevalues
nth largest
value from a set of
LARGE(WS)
Uses
valuesthe least squares
method to calculate
the statistics for a
straight line and
LINEST(WS) returns an array
Returns thethat
describing largest
line
value from the
MAX(WS)
numbers provided
 Returns the largest
value from the values
provided (numbers,
MAXA(WS) text and logical values)
Returns the median of
MEDIAN(WS) the numbers provided
Returns the smallest
value from the
MIN(WS)
numbers provided
Returns the smallest
value from the values
provided (numbers,
MINA(WS) text and the
logical
Returns nth values)
percentile from a set of
PERCENTILE(WS)
Returns
values the nth
percentile from a set of
PERCENTRANK(WS)
Returns
values the number of
permutations for a
specified number of
PERMUT(WS)
items
Returns the quartile
QUARTILE(WS) from a set of values
Returns the rank of a
number within a set of
RANK(WS) numbers
Returns the slope of a
regression line based
on the data points
identified by
SLOPE(WS) known_y_values and
Returns the nth
known_x_values
smallest value from a
SMALL(WS)
set of values
Returns the standard
deviation of a
population based on a
STDEV(WS) sample of numbers
Returns the standard
deviation of a
population based on a
sample of numbers,
STDEVA(WS) text, andthe
logical values
Returns standard
deviation of a
population based on an
STDEVP(WS)
entire population of
numbers
 Returns the standard
deviation of a
population based on an
entire population of
STDEVPA(WS) numbers, text, and
logical
Returnsvalues
the variance of
a population based on
VAR(WS) a sample of numbers
Returns the variance of
a population based on
a sample of numbers,
VARA(WS) text, and logical values
Returns the variance of
a population based on
an entire population of
VARP(WS) numbers
Returns the variance of
a population based on
an entire population of
numbers, text, and
VARPA(WS) logical values

Logical Functions
Returns TRUE if all
AND(WS) conditions are TRUE
Returns TRUE if all
AND(VBA) conditions are TRUE
Has the functionality of
an IF-THEN-ELSE
CASE(VBA)
statement
Returns a logical value
FALSE(WS) of FALSE
Used to create a FOR
FOR...NEXT(VBA) LOOP
Returns one value if
the condition is TRUE
or another value if the
IF(WS) condition is FALSE
Nest more than 7 IF
IF(morethan7)(WS) functions
Nest up to 7 IF
IF(upto7)(WS)
functions
Returns a value if a
specified condition
evaluates to TRUE or
another value if it
IF-THEN-ELSE(VBA) evaluates to FALSE
 Used to return an
alternate value if a
formula results in an
IFERROR(WS)
Used
error to return an
alternate value if a
formula results in #N/A
IFNA(WS)
Specify
error multiple IF
conditions within 1
IFS(WS)
function
Returns the reversed
NOT(WS) logical value
Returns TRUE if any of
the conditions are
OR(WS)
Returns
TRUE TRUE if any of
the conditions are
OR(VBA)
TRUE
Compares an
expression to a list of
values and returns the
SWITCH(WS) corresponding
Evaluates a listresult
of
expressions and
returns the
corresponding value
SWITCH(VBA) for the first expression
in the list
Returns a that is TRUE
logical value
TRUE(WS) of TRUE
Used to create a
WHILE...WEND(VBA) WHILE LOOP

Information Functions
Used to retrieve
information about a
cell such as contents,
CELL(WS) formatting, size, etc.
Returns the value of an
operating system
ENVIRON(VBA) environment variable
Returns the numeric
representation of an
ERROR.TYPE(WS) Excel error
Returns information
about the operating
INFO(WS)
environment
Used to check for
ISBLANK(WS) blank or null values
Returns TRUE if the
expression is a valid
ISDATE(VBA)
date
 Used to check for
blank cells or
ISEMPTY(VBA) uninitialized variables
Used to check for error
ISERR(WS) values except #N/A
Used to check for error
ISERROR(WS,VBA) values
Used to check for a
logical value (TRUE or
ISLOGICAL(WS)
FALSE)
Used to check for #N/A
ISNA(WS) error
Used to check for a
ISNONTEXT(WS) value that is not text
Used to check for a
ISNULL(VBA) NULL value
Used to check for a
ISNUMBER(WS) numeric value
Used to check for a
ISNUMERIC(VBA) numeric value
Used to check for a
ISREF(WS) reference
Used to check for a
ISTEXT(WS) text value
Converts a value to a
N(WS) number
Returns the #N/A error
NA(WS) value
Returns the type of a
TYPE(WS)
value

Financial Functions
Returns the accrued
interest for a security
that pays interest on a
ACCRINT(WS) periodic basis
Returns the accrued
interest for a security
that pays interest at
ACCRINTM(WS)
maturity
Returns the linear
depreciation of an
asset for each
accounting period, on a
AMORDEGRC(WS) prorated basis
 Returns the
depreciation of an
asset for each
AMORLINC(WS)
accounting period, on a
Returns
proratedthe
basis
depreciation of an
asset based on the
DB(WS)
fixed-declining balance
Returns
method the
depreciation of an
asset based on the
DDB(WS,VBA)
double-declining
balance method
Returns the future
FV(WS,VBA) value of an investment
Returns the interest
payment for an
IPMT(WS,VBA)
investment
Returns the internal
rate of return for a
IRR(WS,VBA) series ofthe
cash flows
Returns interest
payment for an
ISPMT(WS)
Returns the modified
investment
internal rate of return
for a series of cash
MIRR(WS,VBA)
Returns
flows the number of
periods for an
NPER(WS,VBA)
Returns the net
investment
present value of an
NPV(WS,VBA)
investment
Returns the payment
PMT(WS,VBA) amount for a loan
Returns the payment
on the principal for a
PPMT(WS,VBA) particular payment
Returns the present
PV(WS,VBA) value of an investment
Returns the interest
RATE(WS,VBA) rate for an
Returns theannuity
depreciation of an
asset based on the
SLN(WS,VBA)
straight-line
Returns the method
depreciation
depreciation of an
asset based on the
SYD(WS,VBA)
sum-of-years' digits
depreciation method
 depreciation of an
asset based on a
variable declining
VDB(WS) balance depreciation
Returns the internal
rate of return for a
series of cash flows
XIRR(WS)
that may not be
periodic
Database Functions
Averages all numbers
in a column in a list or
database, based on a
DAVERAGE(WS) given criteria
Returns the number of
cells in a column or
database that contains
numeric values and
DCOUNT(WS) meets a given criteria
Returns the number of
cells in a column or
database that contains
nonblank values and
DCOUNTA(WS) meets a given
Retrieves fromcriteria
a
database a single
record that matches a
DGET(WS)
Returns the largest
given criteria
number in a column in
a list or database,
DMAX(WS)
based on a given
Returns
criteria the smallest
number in a column in
a list or database,
DMIN(WS)
based on a given
Returns
criteria the product of
the numbers in a
column in a list or
DPRODUCT(WS)
database, based on a
given
Returnscriteria
the standard
deviation of a
population based on a
DSTDEV(WS) sample of numbers
 Returns the standard
deviation of a
population based on
DSTDEVP(WS)
the entire population of
Sums
numbersthe numbers in a
column or database
that meets a given
DSUM(WS)
criteria
Returns the variance of
a population based on
DVAR(WS) a sample of numbers
Returns the variance of
a population based on
the entire population of
DVARP(WS) numbers

Engineering Functions
Converts a binary
number to a decimal
BIN2DEC(WS)
Converts
number a binary
number to a
BIN2HEX(WS)
Converts a binary
hexadecimal number
number to an octal
BIN2OCT(WS)
number
Converts coefficients
(real and imaginary)
COMPLEX(WS) into a complex number
Convert a number from
one measurement unit
to another
CONVERT(WS)
measurement unit

File/Directory Functions
Used to change the
current directory or
CHDIR(VBA)
folder
Used to change the
CHDRIVE(VBA) current drive
Returns the current
CURDIR(VBA)
Returns
path the first
filename that matches
the pathname and
DIR(VBA)
Returns the
attributes date and
specified
time of when a file was
created or last
FILEDATETIME(VBA)
modified
Returns the size of a
FILELEN(VBA) file in bytes
 Returns an integer that
represents the
attributes of a file,
GETATTR(VBA)
folder,
Used to orcreate
directory
a new
MKDIR(VBA) folder or directory
Used to set the
SETATTR(VBA) attributes of a file

Data Type Conv. Functions

Converts a value to a
CBOOL(VBA) boolean
Converts a value to a
byte (ie: number
CBYTE(VBA) between 0 and 255)
Converts a value to
CCUR(VBA) currency
Converts a value to a
CDATE(VBA)
date
Converts a value to a
CDBL(VBA) double
Converts a value to a
CDEC(VBA) decimal number
Converts a value to an
CINT(VBA) integer
Converts a value to a
CLNG(VBA) long integer
Converts a value to a
single-precision
CSNG(VBA)
Converts
number a value to a
CSTR(VBA)
string
Converts a value to a
CVAR(VBA) variant