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PRACTICE
MAKES
PERFECT

German
Sentence
Builder

Ed Swick
New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City
Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto
Copyright 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no
part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior
written permission of the publisher.

ISBN: 978-0-07-159963-4

MHID: 0-07-159963-0

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TERMS OF USE

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in contract, tort or otherwise.
To Riane, AJ, Jalyn, Tori, and Riley, my terrific grandkids.
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Contents

Acknowledgments vii Introduction ix

1. Declarative sentences and word order 1

2. Interrogative sentences 11

3. Questions and answers 21

4. Imperatives 31

5. Coordinating conjunctions 39

6. Subordinating conjunctions 43

7. Relative pronouns 51

8. Extended modifiers 59

9. Adjectives 67

10. Adverbs 77
11. Pronouns 83
12. Infinitives 91
13. Short responses 99
14. Idioms and special phrases 105
15. Antonyms and contrasts 113
16. The passive voice 121
17. The subjunctive mood 133

v
18. Punctuation 145
19. Letter writing 153
20. Lets write! 161
Answer key 169
vi Contents

Acknowledgments

vii
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Introduction

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Declarative sentences and
word order 1

subject 1 verb 1 predicate 1 1

1
bung

1 1

2 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Negation

subject 1 verb 1 nicht 1 prepositional phrase 1


1 1

kein 1 noun
1

Declarative sentences and word order 3


bung

1 2

bung

1 3

4 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

1 4

Declarative sentences and word order 5


Niemand, nichts, and niemals

bung

1 5

6 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Word order

non-subject element 1 verb 1 subject inverted subject and verb

bung

1 6

Declarative sentences and word order 7


bung

1 7

8 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

18

bung

1 9

Declarative sentences and word order 9


bung

1 10

10 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


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Interrogative sentences
2

verb 1 subject 1

verb 1 subject 1
verb 1 subject 1

11
verb 1 subject eine Frage

12 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

2 1
bung

2 2

Interrogative words

Interrogative sentences 14
Wer

Interrogative sentences 15
bung

2 3

16 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Was

bung

2 4

Interrogative sentences 17
Prepositional adverbs

18 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

25

Interrogative sentences 19
20 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder
Interrogative sentences 21
interrogative word 1 verb 1 subject 1 ?
1 1 1

bung

26

bung

27

Interrogative sentences 22
bung

2 8

bung

2 9
24 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder
Questions and answers
3

21
26 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder
bung

3 1
Questions and answers 28
bung

3 2

Wer and was

Questions and answers 29


bung

33

30 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

3 4

Questions and answers 31


wo 1 verb of location 1 subject 1 ?


1 1 1

wohin 1 verb of motion 1 subject 1 ?


1 1 1

woher 1 verb of motion 1 subject 1 ?


1 1 1

32 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

3 5

Questions and answers 33


bung

3 6

34 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

3 7

bung

3 8

Questions and answers 35


36 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder
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Imperatives
4

1 1
1

31

verb stem(e) 1 !
1

verb stem 1 -t 1 !
1

verb stem 1 -en 1 Sie 1 !


1 1

bung

4 1

38 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

4 2

40 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Addressing groups

bung

43

Imperatives with wir

Imperatives 41
verb
1 wir 1 complement 1 !
1 1 1

lass/lasst/lassen Sie 1 object 1 infinitive 1 !


1 1 1

lass uns/lasst uns/lassen Sie uns 1 complement 1 !


1 1

bung

4 4

42 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

45

Imperatives 43
bung

46

44 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Imperatives 45
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Coordinating conjunctions
5

Coordinating conjunctions

1 1 1 1 1
1

39
sentence 1 1 comma 1 coordinating conjunction 1 sentence 2
1 1 1
bung

51

bung

52

48 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Coordinating conjunctions 41

bung

5 3
bung

5 4

50 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Subordinating conjunctions
6

main clause 1 subordinating conjunction 1 dependent clause 1 verb


1 1 1

Using subordinating conjunctions

43
When as a conjunction

52 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Comma usage with subordinating conjunctions

main clause 1 subordinating conjunction 1 clause with verb in final position


1 1
subordinating conjunction 1 clause with verb in final position 1 main clause 1
1

bung

6 1

Subordinating conjunctions 53
bung

6 2

bung

6 3

54 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

6 4

Subordinating conjunctions 55
Interrogatives

interrogative conjunction 1 verb


1

56 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

6 5

Subordinating conjunctions 57
bung

6 6

58 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

6 7

Subordinating conjunctions 59
Relative pronouns
7

Definite article

Welcher

identical noun 1 identical noun 1

Two types of relative pronouns

51
main clause 1 der/die/das 1 relative clause with verb in final position
1 1
main clause 1 welcher 1 relative clause with verb in final position
1 1

Relative pronouns 61
bung

71

62 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

7 2

Relative pronouns 63
bung

7 3

64 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Wer and der

Was

Relative pronouns 65
bung

74

bung

75

66 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

7 6

Relative pronouns 67
bung

7 7

68 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Extended modifiers
8

Attributive adjectives

59
Present participles

infinitive 1 d present participle

bung

8 1

bung

8 2

70 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Past participles

(auxiliary omitted) 1 regular or irregular past participle adjective

Extended modifiers 71
bung

8 3

Extended modifiers

72 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


der/die/das 1 participle 1 adjective ending 1
1

5
5

Extended modifiers 73
bung

8 4

74 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

8 5

bung

8 6

Extended modifiers 75
bung

87

76 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


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Adjectives
9

subject 1 linking verb 1 adjective 1 1

subject 1 verb 1 declined adjective 1 object 1 1


1

67
Singular

Plural

78 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

9 1
80 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder
Unpreceded adjectives

bung

9 2

Mancher, solcher, welcher

Adjectives 81
bung

9 3

82 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Plural-only determiners

bung

9 4

Adjectives 83
Comparative and superlative

84 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Adjectives 85
bung

95

86 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Adjectives as nouns

bung

9 6

Adjectives 87
88 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder
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Adverbs
10

Adverbs of Degree

77
1 1
1

bung

10 1

Modal adverbs

90 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

10 2
Adverbs 79

Adverbs and word order

92 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


point of view 1 time 1 manner 1 place
bung

10 3
Adverbs in the comparative and superlative

Adverbs 81
bung

10 4

94 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

10 5
Pronouns
11

96 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder 83


Man

bung

111
98 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder
Jemand and niemand

bung

11 2

Pronouns 99
Einer and keiner

100 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

113

Einander

Pronouns 101
bung

11 4

bung

11 5

Reflexive pronouns

102 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Accusative

Dative

bung

116

Pronouns 103
bung

11 7

104 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


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Infinitives
12

Future tense

Modal auxiliaries

91
modal auxiliary 1 complement 1 infinitive
1 1
Present tense

Past tense

Subjunctive

Lassen

106 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


modal or lassen 1 complement 1 infinitive 1


1

auxiliary 1 complement 1 double infinitive 1


1

bung

12 1

108 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

12 2

bung

12 3

Infinitives 109
Helfen, hren, lehren, lernen, sehen

bung

12 4

110 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Verbs of motion

bung

12 5

bung

12 6

Infinitives 111
bung

12 7

112 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


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Short responses
13

Words for emphasis

Also

99
Doch

Gar

Kaum

Mal

114 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Wie

Zwar

bung

13 1
Short responses 101

116 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


13 2

Pat phrases
bung

bung

13 3

118 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Short responses 103
13 4
bung

120 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Idioms and special
phrases 14

ordinary words 1 unexpected usage idiom

Gern

105
bung

14 1

Useful expressions

htte 1 infinitive 1 sollen


1 1

122 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

14 2

124 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Idioms and special phrases 125
bung

14 3

126 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

14 4

Reflexive verbs in special phrases

Idioms and special phrases 127


bung

145

128 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Idioms and special phrases 129
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Antonyms and contrasts


15

links Gegenstze rechts left antonyms right

bung

151

113
132 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder
bung

15 2

Antonyms and contrasts 133


134 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder
bung

153

Comparative and superlative

Positive

Comparative

Antonyms and contrasts 135


Superlative

Positive

Comparative

Superlative

Positive

Comparative

Superlative

136 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

15 4

bung

155

Antonyms and contrasts 137


138 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder
Antonyms and contrasts 139
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The passive voice


16

werden 1 past participle 1

The active voice

subject 1 transitive verb 1 object active voice

The passive voice in German

121
bung

16 1
142 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder
bung

16 2

The passive voice 143


144 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder
subject 1 werden 1 indirect object 1 past participle passive sentence

indirect object 1 werden 1 subject 1 past participle passive sentence

bung

16 3

The passive voice 145


bung

16 4

146 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Dative objects in the passive voice

dative object 1 werden 1 (es) 1 past participle passive sentence

bung

16 5

The passive voice 147


bung

16 6

148 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

16 7

Modal auxiliaries

The passive voice 149


modal 1 participle 1 werden 1
1

modal 1 participle 1 werden 1


1

modal 1 participle 1 werden


1 1

gemacht werden (passive infinitive) 1 knnen (modal infinitive) gemacht


werden knnen

bung

168

150 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

16 9

The passive voice 151


Another passive form

werden 1 past participle passive sentence sein 1 past


participle acting as adjective adjective

bung

1610

152 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


The passive voice 153
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The subjunctive mood


17

Subjunctive conjugations

133
Modals and the umlaut
156 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder
Indirect discourse

sagen 1 dass 1 subjunctive I verb indirect

discourse fragen 1 ob 1 subjunctive I verb indirect question

The subjunctive mood 157


bung

17 1

158 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

17 2

The subjunctive mood 159


Als ob, als wenn

bung

17 3

160 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Wenn

The subjunctive mood 161


bung

17 4

Subordinating clauses

162 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


wenn-clause with subjunctive II verb 1 main clause with subjunctive II verb
1

wenn-clause with subjunctive II verb 1 main clause with wrde 1 infinitive


1 1

bung

17 5

The subjunctive mood 163


bung

17 6

bung

177

164 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


The subjunctive mood 165
bung

17 8

166 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


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Punctuation
18

The period

145
The question mark

bung

18 1

168 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

18 2

170 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


The comma

Punctuation 171
172 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder
bung

18 3

bung

18 4

Punctuation 173
bung

18 5

The colon

174 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Quotation marks

above the line


on the line

The semicolon

The exclamation point

Punctuation 175
bung

18 6

176 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Letter writing
19

The address

153
bung

19 1

The body of a letter

178 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


Letter writing 179
The modern way

180 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

19 2

Letter writing 181


E-mail

182 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

19 5

bung

19 3

bung

19 4

Letter writing 183


184 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder
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186 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder
Lets write! 20

bung

20 1
bung

20 2

bung

203

188 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

204

190 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

20 5

Lets write! 191


192 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder
Lets write! 193
bung

206

194 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder


bung

207

bung

208

Lets write! 195


196 Practice Makes Perfect German Sentence Builder
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Answer key

1 Declarative sentences and word order


11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18
19

110

169
2 Interrogative sentences
21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

3 Questions and answers


31

198 Answer key


32

33

34

35
36

37

38

4 Imperatives
41

42

43

44

45

46

5 Coordinating conjunctions

200 Answer key


51

52

53

54

6 Subordinating conjunctions
61

62

63

Answer key 201


64

65

66

67

7 Relative pronouns
71

72

202 Answer key


73

74

75

76

77

8 Extended modifiers
81

82

83

84

Answer key 203


85

86

87

9 Adjectives
91

92

93

94

95

96

10 Adverbs
101

204 Answer key


102

103
104

105

11 Pronouns
111

112

113

114

115

116

117

12 Infinitives

Answer key 205


121

122

123

124

125

126

127

13 Short responses
131

132

133

134

14 Idioms and special phrases

206 Answer key


141

142

143

144

145

15 Antonyms and contrasts


151

152

Answer key 207


153

154

155

16 The passive voice


161

162

208 Answer key


163

164

165

166

167

168

169

Answer key 209


1610

17 The subjunctive mood


171

172

173

174

175

176

177

210 Answer key


178

18 Punctuation
181

182

183

184

185

186

19 Letter writing
191

Answer key 211


192

193

194

195

20 Lets write!
201

212 Answer key


202

203

204

205

206
207

208

Answer key 213


214 Answer key

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