Multithreading in Java Part 2

Thread - States

By,
JAVA9S.com Srinivas Reddy.S
 Threads States When the sleep method is invoked,
the thread may go to sleep state.
In sleep, wait or blocked state, it is
When start() method is invoked on thread
t.sleep(long x) not running any code. But the thread is alive.
It is said to be in Runnable state. A thread can move to Wait or
But it is not actually executing the run method. Sleep/ blocked state any time.
Waiting/ A thread in sleep, blocked or wait state
It is ready to run. can move to Runnable or Running state.
Blocked Invoking sleep method will not guarantee
t.start() that the thread will go to sleep state
immediately

NEW Runnable Running DEAD

In Running state, the thread is actually executing the

code.
Thread t = new Thread()

When a new thread object is created, the The thread has finished executing the run method.
Thread is said to be in new state. It moves to Dead state.
Note: You cannot use t.start() again on this object once
the thread is dead.
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 Thread sleep()
A method used to tell the current thread to sleep for
certain time.
Sleep method accepts time in milliseconds
Can throw InterruptedException.
Cannot guarantee that a thread goes to sleep for
specified time.
Once the sleep state is complete, the thread can move
to the Runnable or Running state.

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 Sleep Demo- Demonstration
The Tortoise and Hare story
Tortoise and Hare Join the race.
Hare sleeps in the mid of Race
thinking its too faster than tortoise.
Tortoise continues to move even
slow and wins the race.
- Slow and Steady wins the race.

Lets implement this story to demonstrate Creating Threads

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 Thread - Priorities
All the threads created in Java carry normal priority unless specified.
Priorities can be specified from 1 to 10.
The thread with highest priority will be given preference in execution. But no guarantee
that it will be in the running state the moment it starts.
The currently executing thread will have the highest priority when compared to the
threads that are there in the pool.
Thread scheduler decides on which threads have to be given chance.
t.setPriority() can be used to set the priorities on a thread object.
The Priority should be set before the threads start() method is invoked.
Thread.MIN_PRIORITY, Thread.NORM_PRIORITY, Thread.MAX_PRIORITY can be used in
the threads setPriority() method.

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 Thread yield()
yield() method tells the currently running thread to
give chance to other threads with equal priority in
the thread pool.
There is no guarantee that yield() will make the
currently executing thread to go to runnable state.
Remember, yield() will not make the thread to go to
wait or blocking state. At the most, it will make a
thread to move from running to runnable state.

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 Thread Join()
The join() method indicates that the currently
running thread should run after the
thread(on which Join is invoked) completes.
Guaranteed that the currently executing
thread will stop its execution and will run
after the thread(on which join is invoked) is
complete.

Just like one train waits for other to cross

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 Thread join() demo

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 Deprecated Methods
stop() It is not possible to stop a thread once started.
suspend()
resume()
destroy()

Instead of the above methods, programmers should try utilizing the following:
sleep()
interrupt() used to interrupt a thread which is in sleep state

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 *Test yourself*
Relay Running Race
Create an application which simulates the running race of 400 meters.
Create five thread groups and give names(Country names).
The number of runners should be ten(two in each group) and give
names to each runner thread.
Each thread should run exactly half the distance 200 m and the next
thread in same group should join the race to complete it.
Print the winner group name()and all the threads should complete the
race.
Print the time taken by each Group to complete the race and highlight
the Winners time.
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