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Class:DCB1(A2)
Course:AA
Title:The Compound Microscope
Introduction:Microscope is a tool to magnify image of an object so that those
image cannot seen by human bared eyes such as microorganism, cells, tissue, and
virus.Other than that, microscope also help us to determined and contribute in study
of structure, organelle and non-organelle with functions of each parts of a
cell.Although there are various type of microscope such as light microscope, electron
microscope ,fluorescence microscopy and confocal microscope but usually electron
microscope will be used in our lab works despite electron microscope was
disadvantages compare to others.
Objective:
1)To learn structure of microscope
2)To learn ways to protect and carry microscope
3)To understand function of every part of microscope
4)Make and use a wet mount
5)To learn how to adjust ocular lens to prevent dizziness of using microscope for a
long period of time
6)To learn correctly use a compound light microscope
7)To learn how to calculate the power of magnification
8)To learn how to control the light intensity when changing power of objective lens
9)To learn how to make image clearer by adjust x-axis and y-axis of the object
10)To learn the procedure before starting an experiment
Methods
Microscope preparation
When preparing microscope slides for observation, its essential to having those
important material such as slides, cover slides, dropper ,methylene blue ,distilled
water and so on which is required for this experiment.Materials are advise to
examine carefully as one of the prominent for preparation.There are two type of
preparation which is temporary mount and permanent mount.Temporary mount, in
other ward called wet mount which means the specimen is placed in a drop of water
held between the slide and cover slip by surface tension.However,permanent mount
or generally called as prepared mount which remove all the water and replace it to
paraffin.The preparation must be short enough so that able to prepare temporary
mount.other than that,Microscope should be treated with care; put one hand on the
arm and the other under the base of the microscope when carrying it.Thus,carry one
microscope carefully and properly from the microscope storage area to the working
area.So,Examine the microscope and give the function of each of the parts is the
examination which everyone should envisage it.
A)Part of the compound microscope
B)Plant cells
Make a wet mount of a colourless scale of an onion bulb
a)Cut the onion bulb into multiple pieces
b)Cut the onion scale bulbs
c)Separate the scale bulb backward to form a epidermis layer
d)Place your cover slip on it carefully
e)Test the microscope and put some water on cover slip if it is seem too dry by eye
dropper
f)Determine the result of the experiment with scanning power of objective lens
C)Animal cells
Make a wet mount of human cheek cells
a)By using the broad end of toothpick, rack inside your cheek carefully
b)Mix the toothpick which rake your cheek cells with dilute water which on the
microscope slide and put on the cover slip on it
c)Then drop 2-3 drops of methylene blue to stain the cheek cells so that much visible
compare with non stained cheek cells
d)Firstly drop a drop of methylene blue to one of the end of the cover slip after that
use tissue to assimilate the stain under the cover slip
Result
Question or discussion
1)Determined function of every part of the microscope:
-Condensor=Focus the light pass through specimen to form a clearer image
-Coarse-adjustment knob=Moves the tube and lens closer and farther away from the
specimen.
-Stage controls=Used for the precise translational movement in either the x- or y-axis
-Fine-adjustment knob=Used to fine-tune the focus of your specimen after using the
coarse adjustment knob.
-Eyepiece=Allow you look through to see the image of your specimen
-Objective lenses=Used to magnify image of object to different magnification
because of vary of power magnification.
4)Reason that why should we scan a specimen under scanning power before using
high magnification power of objective lens:
The reason that why should we do that is because scanning power for objective lens
is to initialy find specimen before moving to high magnification.After using scanning
power, we are able to increase the magnification power in order to focus it and
provide a better and clearer image.
5)Briefly discuss how the correct ways to keep and carry the microscope:
Firstly, remove the slide which used for the experiment from the microscope and
dispose or clean it.Then turn off the light and the power and following up remove
the plug to allow the microscope to cool down under room temperature.After that,
adjust the stage all the way down by stage control.Moreover, cleaned the objective
lens with lens paper.
7)What structure differences did you observed between prokaryotic and eukaryotic
cells?
8)How does the size of the E.coli cells compared to human cheek cells and onion
cells?
The E.coli is a rod-shaped bacterium and it is smaller compared to human cheek cells
and onion cells.E.coli is one of the bacteria domain and its size usually approximately
0.5 m in width by 2 m in length.However, human cheek cells is 60 micrometers in
diameter and the plant cells is between 10 and 100 microns.
9)What is the function of both objective lens and ocular lenses of a compound
microscope?
The function of objective lens and ocular lens are used to magnify image of object so
that we are able to determine and learn more which are unable to see by bare eyes.
10)List the lenses in the light path between a specimen viewed with compound
light microscope and its image on the retina of the eye.
The light passes through or from the specimen, through the objective lens, through
the scope, through the ocular lens and into the eye
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_microscope
http://www.keyence.com/ss/products/microscope/bz-x700/stu
dy/optics/001/
http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/aplab/lab-unit-01/lab-01-04.html
https://ibg102.wordpress.com/2013/04/05/lab-1-principles-an
d-use-of-microscope/
http://wendy01pd2013.wikispaces.com/file/view/*microscope
+lab+report.pdf
http://www.microscope-microscope.org/basic/preparing-micro
scope-slides.htm
http://advice.writing.utoronto.ca/types-of-writing/lab-report/
http://www.diffen.com/difference/Eukaryotic_Cell_vs_Prokary
otic_Cell
http://www.answers.com/Q/List_the_lenses_in_the_light_pat
h_between_a_specimen_viewed_with_the_compound_light_
microscope_and_its_image_on_the_retina_of_the_eye?#slide=
1
https://www.reference.com/science/actual-size-plant-cell-d59
25a9a634295e#
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escherichia_coli
http://education.seattlepi.com/size-comparisons-bacteria-amo
eba-animal-plant-cells-4966.html