Electronic Systems and Technologies

1. A modulator circuit performs what mathematical operation on its two inputs?

a. Addition
b. Multiplication
c. Division
d. Square root
Modulator circuit performs multiplication on its two inputs

2. The ratio of the peak modulating signal voltage to the peak carrier voltage is referred to as
a. The voltage ratio
b. Decibels
c. The modulation index
d. The mix factor

3. The outline of the peaks of a carrier has the shape of the modulating signal and is called the
a. Trace
b. Waveshape
c. Envelope
d. Carrier variation

4. A carrier of 880 kHz is modulated by a 3.5 kHz sine wave. The LSB and USB are, respectively,
a. 873 and 887 kHz
b. 876.5 and 883.5 kHz
c. 883.5 and 876.5 kH
d. 887 and 873 kHz
880 kHz 3.5 kHz = 876.5 kHz (LSB)
880 kHz + 3.5 kHz = 883.5 kHz (USB)
5. A display of signal amplitude versus frequency is called the
a. Time domain
b. Frequency Spectrum
c. Amplitude Spectrum
d. Frequency Domain
6. The typical audio modulating frequency range used in radio and telephone communication is
a. 50 Hz to 5 kHz
b. 50 Hz to 15 kHz
c. 100Hz to 10kHz
d. 300 Hz to 3 kHz

7. A collector modulator has a supply voltage of 48 V. The peak-to-peak amplitude of the

modulating signal for 100 percent modulation is
a. 24 V
b. 48 V
c. 96 V
d. 120 V

= 2

= 2(48V)

= 96 V

8. A crystal lattice filter has crystal frequencies of 27.5 and 27.502 MHz. The bandwidth is
approximately
a. 2 kHz
b. 3kHz
c. 27.501 MHz
d. 55.502 MHz
Explanation:
27.502 MHz 27.500 MHz = 2 KHz
9. According the Nyquist theorem, the sampling rate that can be used in a PCM system is _____
the highest audio frequency
a. Once
b. Eight times
c. Twice
d. Thrice
According to the Nyquist Theorem, the sampling rate must be at least 2fmax, or twice the highest
analog frequency component.

10. Overmodulation occurs when

a. Vm > Vc
b. Vm < Vc
c. Vm = Vc
d. Vm = Vc = 0
Overmodulation is the condition that prevails in telecommunication when the instantaneous
level of the modulating signal exceeds the value necessary to produce 100% modulation of the
carrier

11. For ideal AM, which of the following is true?

a. m=0
b. m=1
c. m<1
d. m>1

12. If m is greater than 1, what happens?

a. Normal operation
b. Carrier drops to zero
c. Carrier frequency shifts
d. Information signal is distorted

13. The circuit used to produce modulation is called

 a. Modulator
b. Demodulator
c. Variable gain amplifier
d. Multiplexer
A modulator is a device that performs modulation

14. The opposite of modulation is

a. Reverse modulation
b. Downward modulation
c. Unmodulation
d. Demodulation
Demodulation a term used in electronics to refer to the conversion of a modulation carrier
wave into a current that is equivalent to the original signal

15. The circuit that recovers the original modulating information from an AM signal is known as a
a. Modulator
b. Demodulator
c. Mixer
d. Crystal set
A demodulator is a circuit used in AM (amplitude modulation) and FM (frequency modulation)
receivers to separate the information that was modulated onto the carrier from the carrier
itself.

16. A circuit that generates the upper and lower sidebands but no carrier is called a(n)
a. Amplitude modulator
b. Diode detector
c. Class C amplifier
d. Balanced modulator
A balanced modulator is a device that modifies a signal, usually in the form of an amplitude
modulated (AM) radio signal. It takes the original signal that has both sidebands and a carrier
signal, and then modulates it so that only the sideband signals come through the output
modulator. This creates a balanced signal, as there is less noise because the carrier signal has
been removed.

17. A collector modulated transmitter has a supply voltage of 24 V and collector current of 0.5 A.
The modulator power for 100 percent modulation is
a. 6W
b. 12 W
c. 18 W
d. 24 W
P = IV
P = (0.5 A)24 V
P = 12 W
18. The phenomenon of a strong FM signal dominating weaker signal on a common frequency is
referred to as the
a. Capture effect
b. Blot out
c. Quieting factor
d. Dominating syndrome