1.

Join each pair of sentences together to make one sentence,

using who or that. Write the second sentence as a relative clause:
This is the man. 1 met him in Paris. This is the man who 1 met in Paris.
1 wanted the painting. You bought t. 1 wanted the painting that you bought.

This is the chair. My parents gave it to me.

She's the woman. She telephoned the police.

He's the person. He wanted to buy your house.

We threw out the computer. It never worked properly.
This is the lion. It's been ill recently.
The man was badly injured. He was driving the car.
The children broke my window. They live in the next street.
That's the woman. 1 was telling you about her.

2~ Express each pair of sentences as one, without using who, that, or which. Think carefully
about the word order:
1 1 shouted at a man. He didn't come back again. The man 1 shouted at didnt come back again.
2 I dropped a television. it never worked again. The television 1 dropped never worked again.
3 I hired a machine. t was broken.
4 She bought some clothes. They were beautiful
5 They built a wall. It fell down after three weeks.
6 1 asked a policeman. He wasn't very helpful.
7 We bought a car. 1 didn't really like t.
7 1 borrowed some money from Janice. 1 lost t.
9 They sent a new teacher. 1 really liked her.
10 1 sacked a sales assistant. 1 had a terrible argument with him.

3 quite the same

That's the man. He's going to buy the company.
That's the man whos going to buy the company.

He's the person. His car was stolen.

She's the new doctor. She's corning to the hospital next month.

She's the journalist. Her article was on the front page of The Times.

They're the people. Their shop burned down last week.

That's the sales director. He's leaving in March.

That's the student. Her parents complained about the school.

She's the singer. She's just signed a contract with a recording company.

He's the person. He's going to be promoted.

I'm the one. My flat was broken into.

She's the person. She's working for the film studios.

That's the architect. She's just won a prize for design.

That's the boy. He's just got a place at university.

I'm the person. You stayed in my fiat.

4.fill in
Peter, .... 1 had seen earlier, wasn't at the party. Peter, who 1 had seen earlier, wasnt at the party.
This is the machine .... cost half a million pounds.
Mary, .... had been listening to the conversation, looked angry.
Have you read the book .... 1 gave you?
The house, . . . . they bought three months ago, looks lovely.
Mrs Jackson, . . . . had been very iii, died yesterday.
ls this the person .... stole your handbag?
The dog, .... had been very quiet, suddenly started barking.
1 didn't receive the letters .... she sent me.
My mother, . . . . hadn't been expecting visitors, looked surprised.
The old man, .... had been talking to them earlier, knew that they were in the building.
The horse ..... had been injured by the flying stones, was very frightened.
We didn't like the secretary .... the agency sent.
1 didn't find the. money .... you said you'd left.

5 Write where, when, or why to complete these sentences:

We visited the school .... rny father taught.
We visited the school where my father taught.
1 met her last month, .... she came to our house.
1 met her last month, when she came to our house.
We al looked at the place .... the fire had started.
1 met him in the caf, .... he was working as a waiter.
Do you remember the time .... Adrian fe off his bicycie?
Did they te you the reason .... they were late?
The cat sat on the wali, ... . il had a good view of the birds.
I'rn talking about the time .... they didn't have cars.
Last year 1 spent my holiday in Yugoslavia,. . . . 1 met Andy.
1 couldn't undersiand the reason .... they were so rude.
1 bought them last year ..... 1 was in France.
We went away in August ..... the children were on boliday from school.
1 never liked the house .... my husband was born.
They arrived in the evening, at a time .... we were al out.
1 listen to music late at night,... . the children have gone to bed.

6 Add relativas, WHERE NEEDED'

1 The book - 1 was reading yesterday was a detective story.
2 The man - you spoke to in the street is my English teacher.
3 1 should like to see the trees - you picked these apples from.
4 There's the lady - purse has been stolen.
5 The people - you were living with in London are coming to see you.
6 The picture - you were talking about has been sold.
7 People - live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones.
8 Buy t hack from the man - you sold t to.
9 What's the name of that man - wife has run away and left him?
10 Can you remember the person - you took t from?
1 1 Where is there a shop - sells picture-postcards?
12 That's the knife and fork - 1 eat with.
13 Where is the man - sold me these sun-glasses?
14 What's that music - you are listening to?
15 1 don't like the house - he lives in.
16 The man - made these shoes doesn't know his trade.
17 Here comes the girl - 1 am hiding from.
18 The people - are looking at that house are my parents.
19 The house - they are looking at is my house.
20 And the girl - you see at the door is my sister.

7Add relativas, WHERE NEEDED (.C. use contact-clauses where possible):

1 The knife - we cut the bread with is very sharp.
2 'Me man - 1 gave the book to has died.
3 The shop - we buy our cakes from is shut.
4 The girl - works in the office is my sister.
5 I'm afraid that's al] - I've got.
6 The paint on the seat - you are sitting on is still wet.
7 The ties - Cyril wears are awful.
8 Any man - listens to you is a fool.
9 The old gentleman - lives across the road has got married for the fifth time.
10 The policeman - helmet you knocked off is at the door.
11 The horse - you were telling me about yesterday came in last.
12 The man - is sitting at the desk is the secretary.
13 The man - you see at the desk is the secretary.
14 The girl - mother 1 was talking to has left the room.
15 The man - 1 pointed out to you in the street la a crook.
16 The pretty girl - you were speaking to just now slapped Cyril's face yesterday.
16 This is the very room - 1 first met my wife in.
17 'lt's a wise child - knows its own father.'
18 All the people - ever met him haye disliked him.
19 the coat - 1 gave Maisie for her birthday is already wearing out.
21 Any paper - you read "l give the same story.

9 nelatives
3 lt was the last king of Ruritania, - name few people can remember.
4 The elephant, - is an animal that never forgets, lives more than a hundred years.
5 Nicholas 11, to - you were referring, was the last czar of Russia.
6 He is a famous scientist, about - many books have been written.
7 The chief of police, - work is very important, takes care of the public safety.
8 Geometry, about - so many books have been written, is not really a dull subject.
9 They developed the hovercraft, - seemed to have a great future.
10 The King, - life has been devoted to his country, deserves his popularity.
11 Parliament, - has just started a new session, is going to discuss the new Bill today.
12 This subject, about - 1 was speaking yesterday, is an important part of our course.
13 The Tower of London, about - a lecture is to be given tomorrow, is a famous historic building.
14 Beethoven, - music you have just been listening to, was one of the world's finest composers.

10 NON-DEFININO RELATIVE PRONOUNS:

1 Julius Caesar came to Britain in 55 Bc. He was a powerful Roman general.
2 These cactus plants should not have too much water. They will grow in pets indoors.
3 They are still working on the motorway. lis completion date was last May.
4 The antiquities of Egypt should not be missed. Such a lot has been written about them.
5 The pelican is a very queer-looking bird. I-lis
beak (says a popular rhyme) can hold more than his belly can.
6 The Irrawaddy dows through countiess larga swamps. lt is one of the most important rivers in Asia.
7 The Dover-Calais hovercraft makes the erossing in 30 "nutes. lt carries about 20 vehicies. 8 lt is strange that the
peacock butterfly has a
siniilar name in most langwges. lle pencock butterdy is found in most parts of Europe.
9 The great fire of London destroyed a large part of the city. lt broke out in 1666.
10 Dr Johnson often met his friends in the Cheshire Cheese. las house was quite near.
11 Helicopters can land near the centre of a larga city. Tbey do not need a long runway.
12 The shops store food in their deep-freezes. The deep-freczes, however, need a constant electricity supply.
13 The world was to he a great adventure for hini. He kncw very little about the worid. 14 The programme
carne by the Indian
satellite. - lt went into fixed orbit in 1969.
15 The Indian Ocean satellite relays hundreds of signais. The satewte has been in position since 1969.

11 Combine the following ideas by means of DEmNiNo or NON-DFFINING relativas, using a

contact-clause wherever possible:
1 Is that the new station? You pointed t out to me last week.
2 This is the man. 1 gave money to him this morning.
3 Anne Boleyn was Henry VIU's second wife. Henry executed her in 1536.
4 Who would look elsewhere, as Henry did? He had such a charming wife.
5 An old soldier sits hegging on the pavement. 1% legs were shot away in the last war.
6 His stepmother was not very kind to him. He was living with her.
7 He had seen only a few policemen. lley were aU young. (Begin with 'The few . . .')
8 "st week 1 went to see the country town. He used to ve in that town.
9 Bring me the cigarettes. 1 left them on the table. The table stands by the window.
10 Mozart spent the last ten years of his Efe in Vienna. His birthplace was Salzburg.
11 What was the name of the girl? She came here last night.
12 This large map belonged to Ptolemy XI. In the middle of t you can see part of the Arctic Circie.
13 We now come to Euclid. Readers are well acquainted with his work.
14 I'm sure t was Cyril. He told her to do t.
15 The matter has been settled. You were arguing about t last night.

12. 88.1 define

he steals from a shop // he doesnt eat meat// he designs buildings// he breaks into houses and steals things// he
doesnt drink alcohol// he buys things from a shop
An architect
A burglar
A vegetarian
A customer
A shoplifter
A teetotaller

88.2 join the sentences

A girl was injured in the accident. She is now in hospital
A man answered the phone. He told me you were out.
A waitress served us. She was impolite and impatient
Some boys were arrested. They have been now released

88.3 complete the sentences

he invented the phone// she runs away from home// they are never on time // they stole my car//it can support life
they used to hang on that wall// it makes typewriters// it gives you the meanings of words// it won the race
Gerry works for a company
The book is about a girl
What was the name of the horse
The police have caught the men
Alexander Bell was the man
Where are the pictures
The police are trying to identify the body
A dictionary is a book
I dont like the people
It seems the earth is the only planet

89.1 complete
we met her yesterday // Tom recommended it// Ann is wearing it// we wanted to visit it// we had it for dinner//
the police arrested him// Tom tells them// you lost them // I invited them to the party
have you found the keys...
I like the dress...
 The museum ..............................................................was shut when we got there.
Most of the people......................................................... couldnt come.
I didnt like the woman...
The fish......................................................................was delicious.
We stayed at a hotel...
The stories..................................................................are really funny.
The man ...................................................................has now been released.

89.2 complete without the pronoun but with the preposition

you were with her last night// you were talking about them// we wanted to travel in it
I am living in it// she is married to him// I applied for it
I slept in it// I work with them// we went to it
the bed............................................................was too soft
i didnt get the job.......
the man .......................................................................has been married twice before.
The party...........................................................................wasnt very enjoyable
Who was the girl........................
The flight..........................................................................was fully booked.
I enjoy my job because I like the people.....................................................
I wasnt interested in the things.............................
The house .......................................................................................isnt in a very good condition.

89.3 complete with WHO/ THAT/ WHAT if not necessary use brackets
did you hear............I said?
Everything.............she said was true
She gives her children everything...............they want
Tell me ..............you want and Ill help you
Why do you blame me for everything............. goes wrong?
I wont be able to do much, but Ill do the best..........I can
I cant lend you any money. All .............Ive got is one pound.
Nora is the only person ............... understand me
Why do you always disagree with everything .............. I say?
I dont agree with ............. you have just said.
This is an awful film. It is the worst film ............... Ive ever seen.

90. WHOSE WHOM WHERE

90.1 ASK what was the name of....
Some people/ their car broke down
A man / his wife was taken to hospital
A woman /her husband was arrested by the police
A girl/ her passport was stolen
A couple/ their luggage disappeared

90.2 complete with WHERE

I can buy postcards here// she had bought it here// people are buried here// I was born here//
we spent our holidays here// we can really have a good meal here
I recently went back to the town....
The dress didnt fit her, so she took it back to the shop .........
Do you know a restaurant....
Is there a shop near here...
The place.........................................................................................was really beautiful.
A cemetery is a place ...............................

90.3 complete
her dog bit me // John is staying there// we first met on that day// his parents are dead//
they havent got a car for this reason// I didnt write to you for this reason// World War II ended in this year//
you telephoned that evening
 do you remember the day.................
an orphan is a child...
the reason.........................................................................was I didnt know your address.
Unfortunately I wasnt at home the evening...
I protested to the woman............
The reason............................................................................is they cant afford one.
Do you know the name of the hotel...........................
1945 was the year...................