Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
and Agriculture
SHAMIN RENWICK
Saves time
Is more efficient
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What is Plagiarism?
Plagiarism occurs
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How do you plagiarise
stealing, or borrowing a paper (including, copying
an entire paper or article from the Web)
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Reasons Students Cheat
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Everybody does it
That is how it is in the real world
It is no big deal
I am not hurting anyone
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Faculty of Science and Agriculture
The Chicago Manual of Style. 16th ed.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010.
Two formats:
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For Chemistry Students only
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The academic style for citing and
referencing in this Foundation course is:
CHICAGO
MANUAL OF
STYLE
In-text citations
Direct quotes
Using the authors exact words
Use direct quotations sparingly, emphasising statements that
support your argument
Indirect quotes
Paraphrasing
Summarising
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Steps involved
Take down the full bibliographical details of the document
from which you have taken notes,
preferably the very first time you use it
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How to note citation in the text?
When quoting ensure quotation marks are used, along
with the relevant page number(s)
For example:
Larsen (2005, 98) noted that "many of the facts in this case
are incorrect"
OR
"Many of the facts in this case are incorrect" (Larsen 2005,
98)
(note no comma between author and year)
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In-text citation formats
Publication year:
The year of publication is listed after the author
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Common formatting
Titles:
Titles of books and journals are italicized
Punctuation:
All major elements are separated by periods
Citation for a book:
Author: full name of author(s);
Or full name of editor(s) if no single author is listed;
Or name of institution responsible for the writing of the book.
Year
Title: full title of the book, including subtitle if there is one.
Edition, other than first
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Chicago Manual of Style
AUTHOR DATE
EXAMPLES
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In-text Citation
(Williams 2005, 24)
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23
Reference
Peltier-Davis, Cheryl, and Shamin Renwick. 2007.
Caribbean Libraries in the 21st Century: Changes,
Challenges, and Choices. Medford, NJ: Information
Today.
In-text Citation
(Peltier-Davis and Renwick 2007, 122)
23
24
Reference
Brett, P. D., S. W. Johnson, and C. R. T. Bach.
1989. Mastering String Quartets. San Francisco,
CA: Amati Press.
In-text Citation
(Brett, Johnson, and Bach 1989)
24
25
Reference
Sanders, Gary, Paul Singh, John Smith, and V. S.
Naipaul. 1989. Prediction and Prevention of
Famine. Los Angeles, CA: Timothy Peters.
In-text Citation
(Sanders et al. 1989)
In-text Citation
(IMF 1977, 45)
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Books - Chapter
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Reference
Kaiser, Ernest. 1964. The Literature of Harlem. In Harlem: A
Community in Transition, edited by J. H. Clarke, 145 156.
New York, NY: Citadel Press.
In-text Citation
(Kaiser 1964, 147)
Title of periodical
Page reference
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Journal Article
29
Reference
Persad, Paul, and Sarah Smith. 1983. Thermal Performance of
the Two-Glass Cover Solar Air Heater. Journal of Solar
Energy Engineering, Transactions of the ASME 105 (3): 254-
258.
In-text Citation
(Persad and Smith 1983, 255)
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Website
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Reference
National Association of Investors Corporation (NAIC). 1999. NAIC Online.
September 20, 1999. Accessed October 1, 1999. http://www.better-
investing.org.
In-text Citation
(NAIC 1999) Note format month
date, year
Reference (Websites with no date)
National Museum of Natural History (NMNH). 2010. Vikings: The North
Atlantic Saga. Smithsonian: National Museum of Natural History. Accessed
July 16, 2010. http://www.mnh.si.edu/vikings/home.html.
In-text citation
(NMNH 2010)
use the year of the date you accessed the site so use 2010 if you saw the site in
2010.
Printed material with no date can use n.d. as in Smith, J. n.d. Rainy Days.
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Conference Proceedings
Reference
Nebgen, Pamela J., and Richard C. Warner. 1985. Computer
Aided Design of Hydrologic and Sediment Control
Systems. In ASEE Annual conference Proceedings:
Computer Aided Engineering 16-20 June, 1985, edited by
Lawrence P. Grayson, 272-279. New York, NY: American
Society for Engineering Education.
In-text Citation
(Nebgen and Warner 1985, 273)
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ACS Style Guide
Format for in-text citation
When citing more than one citation at one place, list the
numbers in ascending order and separate them by
commas without a space in between.
OR
in the literature (2,5,8)
were reported (3-5,10)
OR
in the literature (Smith, 1990)
were reported (Jones, 2001; Smith, 2005)
Formatting for a Book
Year in BOLD,
Issue in italics
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Websites
Author (if any). Title of Site. URL (accessed Month
Day, Year).
2. Almlof, J.; Gropen, O. Relativistic Effects in Chemistry. In Reviews in Computational Chemistry; Lipkowitz,
K. B., Boyd, D. B., Eds.; VCH: New York, 1996; Vol. 8, pp 206-210.
3. Stocker, J. H., Ed. Chemistry and Science Fiction; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998.
4. Wanless, E. Surface Chemistry. The Science Show, April 5, 2008. ABC Radio National.
5. Berthod, A.; Ruiz-Angel, M.J.; Carda-Broch, S. Ionic Liquids in Separation Techniques. J. Chromatogr., A
6. Zahardis, J., Petrucci, G. A. The Oleic Acid-ozone Heterogeneous Reaction System: Products, Kinetics,
Secondary Chemistry, and Atmospheric Implications of a Model System A Review. Atmos. Chem. Phys.
2008).
7. Graham Solomons, T. W.; Fryhle, C. B. Organic Chemistry, 9th ed.; John Wiley: Hoboken, NJ, 2008; pp 827-
832.
What do you need in order to cite?
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http://www.mainlib.sta.uwi.edu
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Handout
For questions, clarifications and assistance
please contact