GAETI2017ScienceNews

June27,2017

Thewayyoutalktoyourdogmatters

Everydogownerknowstheirdogisspecial.Researchhasprovendogscanreallyunderstand
humancommunicationinwaysotherspeciescant.Weshouldtalktodogsinwhatiscalled
dogdirectedspeech.Weshouldspeakinahighpitchtone,shorteningoursentence
structureandmakingthemsimple.

Ithasbeenprovenwecancommunicatewithdogsthroughgesturesaswell.Thelatest
researchaffirmsthatnotonlydodogshavetheabilitytorecognisegesturesbutspecial
sensitivitytothehumanvoicethathelpsthemidentifywhentheyneedtorespondtowhatis
beingsaid.

SummarybyJettieWare

So Much for Saving Mother Earth.

While most participants of Earth Day celebrate the national

holiday by planting trees in order to emit more oxygen into the
atmosphere, according to Ashley Yeager with Science News
for Students, the attempt at saving the planet may offer more
harm than good.

In the June 23, 2017 article entitled: Trees can make summer
ozone levels much worse, Yeager exposes the New Truth to
planting trees in cities, especially during summer. Apparently,
there is more than meets the eye when it comes to planting
trees. Yeager cites Robert Young with the University of
Texas at Austin who states that everything has multiple
effects. While planting trees is beneficial to the environment to help cut down on other forms of
pollution, there is more than just oxygen gas being released into the atmosphere. Chemicals
such as isoprene, a hydrocarbon, reacts with combustion pollutants like nitrogen oxides. This
can result in the formation of ozone which can be an irritant to the lungs which can intensify
asthma.

So, what can be done in these cities during the summer?

Other scientist suggest that cities focus more on cutting the vehicle pollutions by relying more
heavily on clean energy sources for electric power. This is suggested because, while planting
trees can add to pollutants, this process does, in fact, help improve the quality of life in these
cities.

Summary by Shatavia Harris.

Yeager,A.(2017).Treescanmakesummerozonelevelsmuchworse:Thegreeneryreleaseschemicals,
especiallyonhotdays,whichworkwithfossil-fuelpollutiontomakeozone.ScienceNewsforStudents.

Scientistshail'promisingcure'forHIVafterstudyinmice

ApromisingcureforHIVandAidshasbeendiscovered,accordingtoscientistswhomanagedto

almostentirelyeliminatethedevastatingimmunediseasefrominfectedmice.

TheresearcherssaidtheyhaddemonstratedtheofremovingtheHIV-1provirususingagene-editing

techniquecalledCrispr.

Theyadmittedtherewerestillsomepracticalproblemstobeovercome,butsuggestedtheirworkwas

asignificantsteptowardscarryingoutclinicaltrialsofthetechniqueonhumans.

ThisworkusesCRISPR/Cas9genomeeditingtechnologytoexciseproviralDNAfrominfectedhuman

cellsembeddedinthetissuesofexperimentalanimals.

Ifsimilartechniquescanbemadetoworkinprimatesandhumans,itcouldpotentiallyleadtoa

permanentcure.

SummarybyVeronicaBlair

Thinkyourenotbiased?Thinkagain

Bias is defined as a persons beliefs and attitudes about groups of people based on their race or ethnicity
(Stevens, 2017,sciencenewsforstudents.org). Most of us do not realize that we have biases. This type of
biases is considered to unconscious or implicit bases. Our brains processes so much information every
second that we do not realize the work being done by our brains which is why it is unconscious.
However, Implicit biases develop over the course of ones lifetime through exposure to messages
(Stevens, 2017). This is why often think that we are not bias. We think that if it is not directly or explicitly
being seen or demonstrated that we are not bias. A 2016 study (Stevens, 2017) indicated that white
teachers thought that white students would do better in their class than their African-American
counterparts. While African-American teachers of the same students expected that the same
African-American students would do well in their class. This same study indicated that We find that white
teachers are significantly more biased than black teachers (Stevens, 2017). Stevens (2017) also
concluded that there bias differences among men and women. It was believed that men are more biased
than women. There is also bias found in how much people weigh. The bias is that overweight are lazy
when that is not always the case. However, Americans tend to accept weight biases more readily than
gender and race bias. The way that we stop bias is to embrace diversity. Learning about people from
different social groups who engage in positive behaviors can help you to unconsciously associate that
group with positivity (Stevens, 2017). And we now know that if we can get this belief embedded in our
minds then we would not even have to think about bias because we would automatically think positively
about different social groups.

Stevens,A.(2017).Thinkyourenotbiased?Thinkagain.Everyonehasunconsciousbiasesabout

certainsocialgroups-buttherearewaystolimitthem.ScienceNewsforStudents.

NeedtoFixaHeartAttack?TryPhotosynthesis!!!!!

Plants may not be as cute as pandas, but its thanks to their chemical alchemy that all of

us here on Earth here on Earth are alive and breathing, but thanks to their chemical

alchemy that all of us superheroes keep us alive by taking in carbon dioxide and

sunlight, then miraculously producing oxygen and sugar. When you have a heart attack,

there are two things your heart needs immediately to start repairing its damaged tissue:

oxygen and sugar. Heart disease is the number one killer worldwide. A heart attack

happens when something blocks blood flow to the heart, cutting off oxygen from

reaching this crucial muscle. In a study published this week in Science Advances, Dr.

Woo and his team show how they successfully replaced blood with microscopic

cyanobacteria, plant-like organisms that also use photosynthesis. By co-opting the

process to help heal damaged heart tissue, the team was able to protect rats from deadly

heart failure. If a damaged heart were photosynthetic, says Dr. Cohen, it wouldnt need to

rely on blood to resupply oxygen and sugar to its tissues. All it would need was the sun.

So researchers tried the next best thing: injecting it with plant-like bacteria:

Cyanobacteria. These tiny organisms make a living by taking in carbon dioxide and

water and spitting out oxygen. With help from Stanford microbiologists, Dr. Woo

and his team grew a strain of Synechococcus in their lab and injected to the

impaired heart tissue of a living rat. Then, they turned up the lights. After 20

minutes, they saw increased metabolism in damaged areas. Overall cardiac

performance improved after about 45 minutes. The evidence suggested that the

oxygen and sugar in Synechococcus created through photosynthesis was

enhancing tissue repair. However, the fact that the researchers still saw healthier

hearts in rats that underwent treatment after a month could be a promising result.

If everything goes the way researchers want it, it would be a huge therapy for

people who have had [heart attacks].