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What Is ELF: Essentialist versus Non-
essentialist Views
Abstract: Since the beginning of this new century,
ELF has emerged as a field of enquiry. However,
the answer to the key question What is ELF?
has not reached a consensus. The paper discusses
this issue by focusing on two contrasting views,
i.e. essentialist versus non-essentialist summarized
through the existing literature. Based on my
critical comments on these two markedly different
views, I propose a multi-entity ELF which regards
ELF as a system consisting of diversified ELFs. I
also describe the methods of describing each ELF
within the system. Finally, I put forward some
suggestions for future research.
Key Words: ELT; ELF; essentialist view; non-
essentialist view; mono-entity view; multi-entity
view
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