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DISEO DE ZAPATA COMBINADA

Disear la zapata combinada que soportara las columnas mostradas en la figura. La capacidad portante del suelo es
qa = 1.11 kg/cm2 Considere fy = 4200 kg/cm2 y f'c = 210 kg/cm2

COL: SECCION PD PL
C1 0.15 X 0.35 23.03 3.5 PL1 PL2
C2 0.15 X 0.35 7.91 3.8
b x t S/C = 500 kg/m

1 2
gm h t = 116.00
b1

b2
t1 t2 hc = 54.00

0.125 m 0.61

Df = 1.70 m Otros Columna Zapata

g m = 2000 kg/m3 S/C = 500 kg/m f'c= 210 kg/cm f'c= 210 kg/cm
qa = 1.110 kg/cm2 fy = 4200 kg/cm

1.- DIMENSIONAMIENTO DE LA ZAPATA ( Az = S*T )

Clculo del peralte de la zapata (hc )

ld = 0.08 * b * Fy b ( 3/4" ) = 1.91 cm

raiz(f 'c) 0.08 x b x fy / f c = 44 cm
.004*b*fy = 32 cm OK !!
ld >= 0.004 * b * fy
Tomar ld = 44 cm Longitud de desarrollo en compresin

hc = ld + r.e + b r.e = 7.50 cm

hm = Df - hc hc= 54.00 cm
ht= 116.00 cm

Tomar ht = 116.00 cm

Clculo de la presin neta del suelo ( qm )

qm = qa - gm*hm -c*hc - s/c

qm = 0.70 kg/cm

Clculo del rea de la zapata ( Az )

Ps1 = P1D + P1L P1s = 26.53 Tn P2s = 11.7 Tn

Ps2 = P2D + P2L
Rs = P1s + P2s
12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5
+e Mo = 0
0
Rs * Xo = P1s* t1/2 + P2s * 455 Xo
Xo = ??
402.50 73.50 cm

Rs = 38.24 Tn
P1s = 26.53 Tn
Lz / 2 P2s = 11.71 Tn
e = Lz / 2 - Xo Rs = 38.24 Tn
Lz / 6 Xo = 131.93 cm
e < Lz/6
q1,2 = Rs * 1 6 * e Lz = 476.00 cm
Lz Lz Lz / 2 = 238.00 cm
e= 106.07 cm
Lz / 6= 79 cm
 Pgina 2 de 7

L = 2 x Xo L= 264 cm
B= 207 cm
B =(P1s +P2s) tomamos B = 85 cm
qn x L

Como S/C = 500 kg/cm, Verificamos las presiones del suelo - ADICIONAL ( q 1,2 )

Ps1 = P1D + 50%P1L

Ps2 = P2D + P2L P1s = 26.53 Tn P2s = 11.7 Tn
R1s = P1s + P2s

+e Mo = 0 125 125 125 125

R1s * Xo = P1s* t1/2 + P2s * 455

0
Xo = ?? Xo

402.50 73.50 cm

e = Xo1 - Xo P1s = 26.53 Tn R1s = 38.24 Tn

P2s = 11.71 Tn
q = Ps + Mc = Ps + Ps x e R1s = 38.24 Tn I = ( B x L^3 )/12
Az I Az I Xo1 = 209.98 cm e= 78.05 cm I= 1115370 cm4

q= 73.95 kg/cm2 AUMENTAMOS EL ANCHO B

q < qm cumple " OK "
q > qm no cumple "AUMENTAMOS EL ANCHO B"
Aumentamos el Ancho hc = 150 cm
Un nuevo calculo
Ps = 38240 kg q = 1.63 kg/cm2 OK !!
e = 78.05 cm
B = 265 cm
I = 74531250 cm4

Ps1 = P1D + P1L

Ps2 = P2D + 50%P2L P1s = 26.53 Tn P2s = 9.81 Tn
R2s = P1s + P2s

+e Mo = 0 125 125 125 125

R2s * Xo = P1s* t1/2 + P2s * 455

0
Xo = ?? Xo

402.50 1.40 m
Lz / 2
e2 = Lz / 2 - Xo P1s = 26.53 Tn R2s = 36.34 Tn
Lz / 6 P2s = 9.81 Tn
e2 < Lz/6 R2s = 36.34 Tn
q1,2 = R2s * 1 6 * e2 Xo = 199.91 cm I = ( B x L^3 )/12
Lz*BBLz e= -67.98 cm I= 74531250 cm4

q > qm no cumple "AUMENTAMOS EL ANCHO B" q= -1.97 kg/cm2 OK !!

q < qm cumple " OK "

2.- DISEO EN SENTIDO LONGITUDINAL P1s = 26.53 Tn P2s = 11.7 Tn

Clculo de la presin neta por unidad de longitud ( qm )
cm3
qm
qn = P1s + P2s 0.25 m 2.78 m 140.00 m
Az
qn = 5465.9806 kg/m ( No amplificada )
Por unidad de Longitud
qm = qm1*B Por Unidad de LONGITUD qm = 5465.98 kg/m
 Pgina 3 de 7

V 4057.628 kg
1366.5 kg

+ +
+ 0.0000 m
- -
-
-7652.372 kg
-25163.5 kg

kg - m
170.81
M

-
-
+ + +
170.81 kg - m

5356.66 kg - m

Encontramos el diagrama de fuerzas cortantes verificamos el corte por Flexion:

d = -ree + hc 1.50 x Vu = -15722.82 kg ya que : F = ( 1.4 x D + 1.7 x L )/( D + L )
d = 141.00 cm
Vu = Vmax - qn x ( b2/2 + d ) = -10481.8788 kg F= 1.5

Aporte del Concreto : Vc = 0.53 x f ' c x b x d = 286979.25 kg Vu < 0 x Vc Cumple !!

0.85 x Vc = 243932.3625 kg OK !!
Aumentamos el Peralte a h = 150 cm. d= h- ree
d= 141 cm
Vu = Vmax - qn x ( b2/2 + d ) = -4332.6513 kg

Aporte del Concreto : Vc = 0.53 x f ' c x b x d = 286979.25 kg Vu < 0 x Vc Cumple !!

0.85 x Vc = 243932.3625 kg Vu < O x Vc CUMPLE !!

VERIFICACION POR CORTE ( = 0.85 )

COLUMNA EXTERIOR : COLUMNA INTERIOR :

Vu = 1.50 x ( Pu - qnu x m x n ) = 31595.638 kg Vu = 1.50 x ( Pu - qnu x m x n ) = 9365.64 kg
Vu = 31595.6377 kg Vu = 9365.64 kg
El aporte del Concreto : bc= 0.4286 El aporte del Concreto : b c = 2.333

bo = ( b + ,5*d ) + 2x( t + d ) = 282.9 cm bo = ( b + 0,5*d ) + 2x( t + d ) = 353 cm

Vc = 0.27 x 2 + 4 x f 'c x bo x d Vc = 0.27 x 2 + 4 x f 'c x bo x d

bc bc

Vc = 1768505.316 kg Vc = 724057.29 kg
Vc = 1503229.52 kg Vc = 615448.7 kg

Vc = 1.10 x f 'c x bo x d = 635737.2051 kg Vc = 1.10 x f 'c x bo x d = 794194 kg

Vc = 635737.21 kg Vc = 794193.9 kg
Vc = 540376.63 kg Vc = 675064.8 kg
Vu < Vc CUMPLE !! Vu < Vc CUMPLE !!
B
 Pgina 4 de 7

4.- CALCULO DEL REFUERZO EN EL TRAMO CENTRAL

X x qn - P1 = 0

P1 qn x X^2 _ P1 x X
X= X = 4.85 m Mu = Mu = -61067.5 kg - m
qn 2

Calculo de As :
Mu = 61067.53 kg - m

As = Mu / ( * fy * ( d - a/2 )) B= 265 cm2 r .e .e = 8cm db =1.91

a = As * fy / ( 0.85 * f 'c * B ) d= 141 cm2
c
a= 2.77 cm (Valor Asumido)
As = 17.36 cm2 Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2
As mn = 0.0018 * B * d a= 1.54 cm # Varilla ( n ) = 6
As > As mn OK !! Espaciam =50 cm
Ab As = 17.28 cm2 6 3/4" @ 50 cm
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - b # Varilla ( n ) = 24
n -1 Espaciam =11 cm
As mn = 67.26 cm2 24 3/4" @ 11 cm

As > As mn ASUMIR As mn !!

5.- CALCULO DEL REFUERZO POR DEBAJO DE LA COLUMNA INTERIOR

qn x ( L )^2
Mu = Mu = 5356.66 kg - m
2
L= 1.4135 m 1.4 14 5/8"@ 22cm

Calculo de As :
Mu = 5356.66 kg - m

As = Mu / ( * fy * ( d - a/2 )) B= 265 cm2 r .e .e = 8cm db =1.91

a = As * fy / ( 0.85 * f 'c * B ) d= 141 cm2
c
a= 0.18 cm2 (Valor Asumido)
As = 1.51 cm2 Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2
As mn = 0.0018 * B * d a= 0.13 cm # Varilla ( n ) = 1
As > As mn OK !! cm
Espaciam =#DIV/0!
Ab As = 1.51 cm2 1 3/4" @ #DIV/0!
cm
# Varilla ( n ) = As
Ab Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e - b # Varilla ( n ) = 25
n -1 Espaciam =10 cm
As mn = 71.55 cm2 25 3/4" @ 10 cm

As > As mn ASUMIR As mn !!

Disear en sentido transversal a cada columna le corresponde una porcion de Zapata

d/2 d/2 d/2

0.7085 1.4135
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ZAPATA EXTERIOR ZAPATA INTERIOR

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Pu Pu
qn = qn = 2.03 kg/cm2 qn = qn = 0.47 kg/cm2
Az Az

qnu x B x (L^2) qnu x B x (L^2)

Mu = Mu = 1261089.356 Mu = Mu = 582510
2 2

B= 70.85 cm2 r .e .e = 8 cm db = 1.6 cm2 B= 141.35cm r .e .e = 8 cm db = 1.59 cm2

d= 141 cm2 d= 141 cm2
a= 0.52 cm (Valor Asumido) a= 0.64 cm (Valor Asumido)
As = 2.37 cm2 As = 1.10 cm2
a= 0.79 cm a= 0.18 cm

As = 2.37 cm2 Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2 As = 1.09 cm2 Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2
# Varilla ( n ) = 7 # Varilla ( n ) = 13
Espaciam = 9.00 cm Espaciam = 10.00 cm
As mn = 19.13 cm2 7 3/4" @ 9 cm As mn = 38.16 cm2 # 3/4" @ 10 cm

6.- VERIFICACION DE LA CONEXIN ZAPATA - COLUMNA( = 0.70 )

c
Para la seccin A columna = 50*50 = 2500 cm ( COLUMNA )

* 0.85 * f 'c * As1 Pu = 38192 kg

A colum = b *t A1 = 0.0525 cm2
Pu < ( * 0.85 * f 'c * A1) * 0.85 * f 'c * A1 = 6.56 kg As mn = 0.00 cm2
As mn = 0.005 * A1
# Varilla = As1 Pu < * 0.85 * f 'c * A1 AUMENTAR EL T !! As col > As min OK !!
Ab
As col. > As mn OK !!

Para la seccin B columna = 40*50 = 2000 cm ( COLUMNA )

* 0.85 * f 'c * As1 Pu = 17534 kg

A colum = b *t A1 = 0.1 cm2 c
Pu < ( * 0.85 * f 'c * A1) * 0.85 * f 'c * A1 = 6.56 kg As mn = 0.00 cm2
As mn = 0.005 * A1
# Varilla = As1 Pu < * 0.85 * f 'c * A1 AUMENTAR EL T !! As col > As min OK !!
Ab
As col. > As mn OK !! Detalle de refuerzos en la Zapata Combinada verificamos primero el espaciamiento maximo
Espaciamiento del Refuerzo
>
45 cm OK !!
450
3xh= 450 cm

d/2 d/2 d/2

24 3/4"@ 11cm

18 3/4"@ 10cm

11 3/4"@ 10cm 25 3/4"@ 10cm

Longitud de desarrollo en Traccion ( Ld )

ld = b * fy * a * b * g * l < Lv1
3.54 * f 'c^.5 * C + Kr
b Ld = 65 cm Ld1 = 42 cm
Lv1 = Lv - r.e.e
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La Zapata es rectangular se debe compartir el Refuerzo adecuadamente de la siguiente manera:

Asc = 2 * Astrv b (3/4") = 1.91

(b +1) b = 1.00 b (5/8") = 1.59 C = 6.50 2.5 q = ( C+kt r )/ b
b = Lado mayor Zapata g = 0.80 r.e.e = 7.50 ktr = 0 q= 8.41
Lado menor Zapata l = 1.00 fy = 4200
# Varilla ( n ) = As a = 1.30 f'c = 210 q >= 2.5 ,PONER 2.5 !!
Ab a1 = 1.00 q < 2.5 ,PONER q !!
Espaciam = B - 2*r.e.e - b Longitud de desarrollo en traccin
n -1
Lv1 = 53.50 Ld < Lv1 AUMENTAR EL T !!
Calculo del refuerzo minimo : Ld = 65.05 cm
As mn = 71.55 cm2 Refuerzo montaje en forma de Garrido

Ab ( 3/4" ) = 2.85 cm2 3/8" para refuerzo principal =< 3/4"

# Varilla ( n ) = 25 1/2" para refuerzo principal > 3/4"
Espaciam = 10.00 cm con espaciamiento maximo de 45 cm.
25 3/4" @ 10 cm 0.2