Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Serving the Community of Sustainable Farmers, Consumers and Businesses Throughout Pennsylvania and Beyond
Number 58 January/February 2006
PASA is an Equal Opportunity Service Provider and Employer. Some grant funding comes from the USDA and com-
plaints of discrimination should be sent to: USDA Office of Civil Rights, Washington, DC 20250-9410.
Passages is printed on recycled, chlorine-free paper
2
The Voice raised beds, as opposed to growing in
regular soil, was that every crop was
of a Young Farmer…
weed-free. Needless to say, the heated,
continued from page 1 raised beds were a success.
plant the seeds at the beginning of Janu- This year we plan to start all of our
ary. We had to come up with a way to own onions by seed and have 100,000
germinate the onions with below zero plants left over to sell to local farmers in
temperatures and no previous research our area. As far as growing different
studies to go by.
LEFT: Basil was another crop produced in
After some innovative brainstorming, the heated, raised beds after the onion
my father decided to install heated raised starts were done in April.
beds in one of our high tunnels. These BELOW: Construction of the raised beds
raised beds consisted of 2” x 10” treated — here pea gravel is spread on top of
lumber lined with one inch styrofoam. the heat tubing.
We placed 760’ of heat tubing in each
bed, covered with about two inches of
pea gravel to disperse heat evenly. In
order to have a weed-free seedbed, we
filled the beds with 6 inches of mush-
room compost. The final top two inches
were filled with a soilless media for prop-
er seed-soil contact. The entire project
cost was $4200 which included all sup-
plies and labor, but excluded the hot
water furnace setup that we had previ-
ously bought for $7000.
The entire reason for building the
heat beds was to grow our onions by
seed and have healthy plants to plant
through black plastic mulch raised beds
in the field. After determining the spac-
ing of the seeds in the raised beds, I
found that we could grow a total of
approximately 150,000 plants in all
three beds. We only needed 30,000 After one year of growing in the beds crops in the beds, there are many that we
plants for the farm so our plan was to sell we found it to work very well! There still want to try. After a few years of trial
the remaining plants to local farmers. were some minor problems that did and error, we should be able to weed out
After discussing the entire project with occur; random mushrooms that pushed the problems and have the whole system
David Eson, director of PASA’s Western up the seedlings, condensation on the down to a science.
Region Programs, we were able to beds creating heavy algae growth that Overall, the heated raised beds were a
receive a grant that paid for half of all the rotted some seedlings, and poor soilless success, but it took a lot of time, money,
expenses. The only problem was that we media quality causing desiccation of a and patience along the way. We still have
needed to start building the raised beds quarter of the crop. Fortunately they are to cut approximately 10 cord of fire-
in December in order to be able to seed all problems that can be solved. For our wood every winter to burn in the fur-
onions in January. So we built the beds, first year we decided to mostly experi- nace and keep adding mushroom
paying for all the expenses, and received ment. We used about 30,000 plants for compost and soilless media to account
the grant money after they were built. our own use and sold 1,000 to other for the high rate of decomposition that
Spending that amount of money on a growers. The onions were out of the occurs in the high tunnel.
type of practice that has never been done beds by the end of April. After the I thank PASA for the support they
before put us at great risk. Small prob- onions were pulled from the beds in the have given us on this project. If it wasn’t
lems such as too much heat, mice chew- tunnels, we were able to grow two crops for them, we probably would not have
ing through the tubing, high salinity of of carrots, one crop of spring mix let- been able to set the path for other farm-
mushroom compost, and watering at tuce, one crop of red beets, one crop of ers like ourselves that have a large retail
that time of year were all unknown risks basil, and a small plot of rosemary suc- market for local fresh produce. It gives
that needed to be taken into considera- cessively all in one year. One of the most one much appreciation when harvesting
tion previous to construction. important aspects of growing in the continued on page 10
3
Say Cheese Melanie Dietrich Cochran of Keswick including developing a business plan,
Creamery, Sandra Miller at Painted affinage — the aging of cheese, culinary
continued from page 1 Hand Farm and Martha Pisano of High- aspects, marketing and milk quality. At
land Farm serve on the Alliance’s board the end of the day, all the speakers from
State in regards to organizing a statewide of directors. the sessions will take part in a two-hour
organization or cooperative for small- “I can sell everything I make. I have closing panel discussing different mar-
scale cheese producers. So in December no need to join a marketing coopera- keting techniques.
2004, over half of these producers came tive,” remarked an Alliance member at Alliance members have been actively
together for an informal meeting out of the initial meeting. Due to the high brainstorming ideas for future events
which, the Pennsylvania Farmstead & such as meeting with PDA
Artisan Cheese Alliance was created. dairy inspectors to better
Thanks to the help of the Keystone
Recently the United States has understand the regulations,
Development Center (KDC), a coopera- learning new methods for
tive development technical assistance
been experiencing a renaissance making different cheeses,
provider, the Pennsylvania Farmstead & managing livestock for pro-
Artisan Cheese Alliance is building a
in handcrafted cheeses. ducing quality milk, and
nonprofit organization from the ground informative seminars for
up. The KDC has facilitated meetings, demand for farmstead and artisan professional chefs.
the creation of by-laws and help with cheeses, Pennsylvania cheesemakers To learn more or to join the Pennsyl-
paperwork and legal requirements. chose education as the focus of the new vania Farmstead & Artisan Cheese
To date, the Alliance has secured organization instead of marketing. Alliance, visit www.pacheese.com or
nonprofit status and operating grants Since many cheesemakers from the contact Sandra Miller at sandra@pa.net
from both the KDC and the Pennsylva- state have been traveling to New York or 717-423-5663. n
nia Department of Agriculture. The first and the New England area to attend
issue of their quarterly newsletter includ- beginning and advanced cheesemaking
ed a call for general membership. In Jan- workshops, the Alliance’s first informa- EDITOR’S NOTE: The Pennsylvania
uary, the Alliance participated in the tive undertaking has been the co-spon- Farmstead & Artisan Cheese Alliance
90th annual Pennsylvania Farm Show sorship of PASA’s pre-conference full day is co-sponsoring the Art of Cheese —
with a booth appropriately located near session on, The Art of Cheese. a Thursday, pre-conference track, as
the Pennsylvania Wine Association. Designed to appeal to potential, part of the Farming for the Future
Four PASA members, Jim Amory beginning and experienced cheesemak- conference on February 2.
from the LeRaysville Cheese Factory, ers, the sessions cover a range of subjects
Peter Dixon (below right) will offer information on cheese affinage as part of the Art of Cheese pre-conference track at PASA’s Farm-
ing for the Future Conference February 2.
4
PASA Fundraising Update
5
Director’s Corner
6
President’s Corner
Fine Fabric
By Kim Miller advertising is the primary tool used by actively work on building relationships,
This year’s conference theme, Weav- corporatists to destroy mutually benefi- with each other, our customers and our
ing a Diverse Landscape: Food As a Com- cial relationships. It is product promo- families. We also work on our relation-
mon Thread, along with a recent and tion by relentless advertising that has ship to the natural environment or place.
spirited on-line discussion on PASA’s We get the concept of soil
Western region listserv made me think Disagreement is not a bad thing; as mother earth, generous
about the fabric that is PASA. From provider of that which
what is this fabric woven? And why? it is necessary for both learning sustains us. We work, each
As the theme suggests, we have a in our own way, to
common interest in food. That is put- and consensus building improve the soil on our
ting it mildly. What we share is a passion place. But, we know we
for food and an understanding that we turned us into unenlightened consumers can’t do it alone. We need each other.
must take action now to sustain our who value the acquisition of things over The operative word here is need. We
health and make provision for future the building of relationships. This acqui- band together to multiply our efforts in
generations — a large order to be sure. sition addiction has turned every place the face of the destructive force of the
We are farmers, chefs, grocers, proces- into another strip mall. A “nowhere” if prevailing system.
sors, educators, researchers, parents, and, you will. So, many of us move from We support each other when times
to be sure, “eaters.” nowhere to nowhere in an acquisitive are tough, as they inevitably are. We
We use the term “eaters” tongue in haze, filled with ennui, unable and teach each other and learn together. We
cheek. We know that the act of eating, unwilling to build relationships. resist the prevailing system of corpo-
the taking of food into our bodies, is a If, as Kunstler suggests, everywhere is ratism together. We chide each other for
sacred act. We simply cannot abide the nowhere, then degradation is certain. our many shortcomings and failures,
prevailing food production system and Without relationship to place we deval- usually with good humor. We volunteer
the way that it profanes our sustenance. ue our natural environment. The intri- in an effort to promote the common
This is why we are passionate. cately woven fabric of our sustenance good. And we work on our relationships
With passion comes disagreement. unravels and leaves us with a degraded to all things living. I believe that we do
Disagreement is not a bad thing; it is food system. Our sacred food is pro- all of this because we know that it is our
necessary for both learning and consen- faned as just another commodity. sacred responsibility. It is not always easy
sus building. The thread of disagreement Worse yet, food has become entertain- and that is why we need to support and
can add a new color to our fabric. It ment, apparently unrelated to health. encourage each other. Each of us is as a
must not, however, be permitted to rend Health, after all, is a commodity that is single thread; together we weave a fabric
the fabric. The prevailing system is noth- purchased from the heath care industry. of uncommon richness, beauty, and
ing if not a failure of relationships. Sus- As I reflect on the PASA membership strength. This is PASA; the tapestry of
tainability is all about relationships. I am sure that most of us get this. We sustainability. n
Interestingly, capitalism as proposed
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by Adam Smith, is guided by the princi-
ple of enlightened self-interest — that by
benefiting others we benefit ourselves. Hungry Parasites,
Enlightenment includes recognition that
good relationships are mutually benefi- Predators on Patrol
cial. Absent mutually beneficial relation- Use Biocontrol in the Field to Control:
ships and capitalism becomes, as John Corn Borer, Mexican Bean Beetle, Manure Flies
Ikerd points out, corporatism. Corpo- Use Biocontrol in the Greenhouse to Control:
ratism is guided by the principle of Aphids, Whiteflies, Spider Mites, Thrips, Fungus Gnats
unenlightened self-interest or “lights
out” self interest. It is this corporatism IPM Laboratories, Inc.
that has profaned our relationships and www.ipmlabs.com • ipmlabs@baldcom.net
all that is sacred. Phone: (315) 497-2063
James Kunstler points out in his Healthy Beneficials Guaranteed
book, The Geography of Nowhere, that
7
Consumer News
SEASONAL RECIPE Internet Sites to Connect
Good Mornin’ Apple Crisp Producers and Consumers
This warm, satisfying apple crisp makes for a perfect
An effective method of linking consumers with local and sus-
start to a cold winter morning. Tart cranberries balance
tainable farms is to promote searchable databases on the Inter-
the natural sweetness of baked apples and the pleasant
aroma of cinnamon, maple syrup and toasted muesli net. Several sites help consumers locate everything from u-pick
imparts a sense of holiday cheer, bringing a good morn- farms, farmers’ markets, co-op grocers, community supported
ing smile to all. Serves 8 agriculture and more. Also producers, this is a great venue to add
your operation so more “eaters” can find you! Give these a try:
7 medium sweet apples, sliced
1 ⁄ 2 cup dried cranberries or organic raisins
www.buylocalpa.org
1 Tbs organic evaporated cane juice The Buy Fresh, Buy Local (BFBL) campaign is intended to promote
2 cups Muesli cereal* partners supporting local agriculture. Developed by PASA, this is
2 ⁄ 3 cup whole wheat pastry flour or brown rice flour*
1 ⁄ 2 cup walnuts, chopped
a directory of Pennsylvania family farms, farmers’ markets, Com-
munity Supported Agriculture farms (CSAs), u-pick farms, restau-
1 Tbs grounded flax seeds
rants, grocers, caterers and bakers, bed & breakfasts, and other
1 to 2 tsp cinnamon
businesses that sell locally grown farm products. The guide will
6 Tbs canola oil
facilitate your connection with healthy, fresh food, your neighbor
4 Tbs maple syrup
farmers who grow it and those markets, grocers and restaurants
• Preheat oven to 375°F. Lay the apples and cranberries that are committed to using locally grown food in their enter-
or raisins in lightly oiled 9”x13” baking dish. Sprinkle prises.
with cane sugar. Combine remaining ingredients and
press over apple mixture. Bake for 45 minutes, or until agmap.psu.edu
golden brown and hot and bubbly. AgMap serves consumers looking for locally-grown Pennsylva-
nia foods, and allows farmers to search for agencies and busi-
*For a wheat free version, use 1 cup rolled oats in place
of Muesli and use brown rice flour in place of whole- nesses serving the agricultural community. Developed by Penn
wheat pastry flour. State University’s College of Ag Sciences, this site also hosts job
announcements and classified ads for enrolled businesses. (see
Source: www.wholefoods.com
Business Member Profile on page 16)
ADVERTISEMENT
WESTERN REGION
Thanks to the 2005 the same for farmers, farm- • Cranberry Mall Farmers’
ers’ markets, restaurants Market
Buy Fresh, Buy Local Partners and wholesalers. We also • Farmers at the Firehouse
Thirty-nine farms and would like to recognize have the exciting new • Scottdale Farmers’ Market
businesses helped to spread them for their dedication addition of a Consumer • Warren Farmers’ Market
the message and brand to changing the regional Buy Fresh, Buy Local • Friendship Farms
image of the Buy Fresh, Buy food economy and thank membership. For more • Townline Farm Poultry
Local campaign throughout them for making the 2005 information or to sign up, Reserve
PASA’s Western Region. campaign a success. please call Laurel Rush at • Lambert Mountain Acres
There were partners in 16 412-697-0411 or email
How can you be a part • Full Circle Farm
of the 19 western counties laurel@pasafarming.org.
of the campaign in 2006? • Pleasant View Farm
all using the Buy Fresh, Buy
Beginning in January, 2005 Buy Fresh, • Dillner Family Farm
Local logo on signs and Buy Local Partners
banners, adding it to pack- PASA’s Western Region (Listed by membership type) • Silver Wheel Farm
aging, advertisements and office will be accepting Buy • McGinnis Sisters • Kretschmann Farm
brochures, giving out Fresh, Buy Local Partner • M & M Robertson Farms
• Paragon Monteverde
bumper stickers, consumer applications for the 2006 • Ridgeview Acres Farm
• Grove City County Market
guides, wearing t-shirts and calendar year. Our mem- • Pleasant Valley Farm
• Whole Foods Cooperative
carrying market bags. We bership rates will remain Association • Farber Farms
• big Burrito Restaurant • Sweet Soil Inc.
Group • Laurel Vista Inc.
• The Green Chef Inc.
• Harvest Valley Farms
• Waynesburg Farmers’
• Toboggan Hill Farm
Market
• Leicher Family Farm
• Meadville Area Local
Growers • Mung Dynasty
• Main Street Farmers’ Mar- • Young’s Farm and
ket Greenhouse
• Ligonier Country Market • Grow Pittsburgh
• Tionesta Farmers’ Market • Stoney Creek Farm
• Oakland Farmers’ Market • Cool Springs Organics
9
The Voice izer because it is placed where the crops the following year. The next year the
will not be able to use it (on the top bales are shred over the entire field then
of a Young Farmer… edges of the plastic, in between rows). It swept off by hand in between the rows of
continued from page 3 is much easier and faster for a large pro- plastic. This type of practice helps sup-
duction system to broadcast fertilizer press weed germination in between the
the onions to know that we produced instead of only directing it under the rows, decrease soil erosion, increase soil
them from start to finish. We always bed. If they did direct it to only the moisture, and increase soil organic mat-
strive for more sustainable practices here under side of the bed, then they would ter/fertility/structure. At the end of the
at Harvest Valley Farms, and we have have to carry thousands of pounds of fer- year it takes a lot of hard labor to pull
accomplished that through building the
raised beds.
As a young farmer, there are a num- I love what I do, and that’s why
ber of new sustainable practices that I
want to try in the future. Some that I am I came back to our family farm.
in the process of are plasti-
culture black raspberries
and propagating runners
— David King
from our own plasticul-
ture strawberry plants. the plastic up, but for the yields, quality,
Plasticulture is the process and savings on multiple pesticides, it is
of forming a raised bed definitely worth it all.
then laying a thin sheet of Overall, I know plastic is a petroleum
plastic over the top and by-product and because of this does not
covering the ends with fit true sustainable agriculture but, at the
dirt. This raises or lowers same time it is hard to produce a quality
the temperature of the vegetable on our land, due to poor
soil, depending on color, drainage of heavy clay soils. We refuse to
for fast and better growing practice fumigation or spray residual
in different climates. It (stays in soil) pre-emergence herbicides
also suppresses light so in order to have no weeds in our field.
that no weed seeds germi- Yes, we could weed everything by hand
nate, lowers soil-borne but labor is our largest expense. We
disease spread on most already hire 12 high school students and
crops, increases proper it has been a struggle to find good work-
drainage, and can even ing employees. It is a trade off, but I
lower insect pressure by strongly believe if the right practices are
breaking up light patterns. used for the right reasons, plasticulture
Using raised bed plasti- can be a very sustainable method of veg-
culture can be both good etable farming. If there is a better system
and bad for the environ- out there, I will definitely find it.
ment depending on the Sustainable agriculture comes first in
practice used. We have my future of farming. My definition of
found it to be the best way sustainable agriculture is very simple and
to grow quality crops in our soil without tilizer on the back of the plastic layer and most of you have heard it multiple
the heavy use of multiple pesticides and refill the hopper after one pass on a 100 times; I define it in three words in order
synthetic fertilizers. Our plasticulture acre field. We are laying plastic in much of importance, profitability, environ-
system is unlike most that are practiced smaller quantities at a time, therefore do mentally, and community. As a co-
in the U.S. We use a machine that not not have to worry about large quantities founder, with Shon Seeley, of the
only forms the raised beds, but also lays of fertilizer. We are then able to save on Sustainable Agriculture Club at Penn
the plastic and places fertilizer right into fuel, labor, machinery, fertilizer, and State University, I can easily say that
the bed. This allows for 90–100% of the most of all a healthier soil with low lev- Harvest Valley Farms will live buy these
fertilizer to be utilized by the plant els of nitrogen. three words for as long as I live. I love
instead of leaching into the ground. In Another practice we use on our plas- what I do, and that’s why I came back to
most large systems, the fertilizer is ticulture is heavy mulching. We grow our family farm. There will always be
broadcast over the field after primary winter rye, harvest it with a round baler ways to be a more efficient, practical,
tillage (plowing) then tilled into the soil right before it goes to seed in the spring and sustainable farmer, but at the same
with secondary tillage (disking). This then transport these bales to the edges of time one must be innovative and willing
system uses almost twice as much fertil- fields where we would be using them on to take the risks. n
10
ADVERTISEMENT
Fertrell Company
P.O. Box 265 • Bainbridge, PA 17502
800-347-1566
www.fertrell.com
Dealer Inquiries Invited
“Where Quality Comes Naturally”
11
PASA Farmer Profile
12
INTERVIEW WITH farm. I grew up working on a conven-
tional dairy farm and knew we could
PETE COMLY never afford that kind of infrastructure.
When I began to learn about grass farm-
PASA: What do you see as some of ing, with rotational grazing, and pas-
the critical issues concerning agricul- tured poultry, then all the puzzle pieces
ture today? seemed to begin to fit together. We had
Pete Comly: One problem is the high a farm that grew great grass, even in
cost of farmland. I think it would be places I was trying to grow vegetables. I
very difficult for beginning farmers to loved working with livestock, and finan-
buy farmland and pay for it with farm cial requirements for machinery and
income. The biggest problem that I am buildings were low. We have been filling
facing is the lack of small USDA inspect- Karen Kutish and Pete Comly
orders for grass-fed beef, natural pork,
ed slaughterhouses. The processor that and pastured chicken for the last three or
we used for our custom butchering gave treatment of livestock, or support for
four years, and began raising pastured
up their USDA inspection a few years local rural economies. Whatever the case
turkeys in 2004. It took us a few years to
ago because the inspectors were regulat- these patrons are a big part of what
find our way, but I think we are now
ing them to the point where it became makes running this farm so enjoyable,
headed down the right track.
unprofitable to continue with it. This and I think that is unique.
had nothing to do with the cleanliness of
the plant. Mostly these regulations were PASA: Why did you join PASA?
PASA: How has your operation
things that might make sense in a huge Comly: We started out joining PASA
evolved over the years?
meat plant but seem unnecessary in a Comly: When we bought this farm primarily for educational purposes.
small shop. As a farm trying to grow our nine years ago our plan was to be main- There was so much to learn about the
clientele we would like to begin offering ly an organic vegetable farm powered by kind of farming we wanted to do. PASA
individual cuts of beef and pork to cus- draft horses. We also planned to raise is a great place to learn a lot of this,
tomers from an on-farm store, and in livestock, but mostly on a homesteading through field days and the annual con-
order to do that we need those animals level. We struggled with vegetables for a ference. A lot of the information I’ve
to be processed under USDA inspection. couple of years, had a lot of trouble with picked up through PASA has helped to
With fewer slaughterhouses available for deer damage, and our 1,400 ft elevation shape our operation. I am thinking espe-
this it means that farmers like me have to made our growing season a lot shorter cially of the field days at Forks Farm and
transport their livestock greater dis- than neighboring areas with only 700 ft Eli Reiff ’s where I learned a lot about
tances, which increases costs to the cus- elevations. When faced with a shortage pastured poultry and poultry processing.
tomer, and increases stress on the of time, I always seemed to gravitate Another reason that we are PASA mem-
animals. toward taking care of the livestock first bers is that it is important for sustainable
then working in the market garden if agriculture to have a united voice in
PASA: What is unique about your there was any time left over. I saw that as Pennsylvania. As an organization PASA
farm? a sign that I should be concentrating on is much more able to make our presence
Comly: I think that our customer livestock as the main product of the known than we could as individuals. n
base is quite unique. We direct market
all of our meats to a very dedicated and
diverse clientele. I am not great at mar-
keting. What seems to have happened
for us is that many of our customers
have done much of our marketing for us.
We are constantly getting calls from peo-
ple wanting to be added to our mailing
list who have heard about us from other
customers, and I think our sales are
about to snowball because of that. Our
customers run the gamut, from rural
senior citizens who want food that tastes
like the food they remember, all the way
to young families concerned about the
safety of the food they are feeding to
their children. Some are concerned
about environmental issues, humane
13
Educational Outreach
Small Ruminant Research Begins farm management) and their impact on
small ruminant parasite control. We
believe a strategic overall farm manage-
Over the years many members of eliminate poor genetics. In the 20th cen- ment plan has the potential to reduce
PASA have been clamoring for more tury, as herd size increased and animals parasite burdens, improve animal per-
educational opportunities and research became more concentrated on fewer formance, promote animal health and
on the management of small ruminants acres, problems of internal parasites increase producer profitability.
(sheep & goats). Recently we took a step accelerated. The late 1950’s brought a Interested producers were initially
in that direction, as PASA joined forces new era of truly effective broad-spec- contacted via an informational survey
with Penn State University to begin a trum anti-parasitic drugs called and then the first farm visits were com-
research project to consider the impact anthelmintics (dewormers), but recently pleted this past summer and fall (with
of whole-farm design on small ruminant the rate of introduction of new deworm- more to come this spring/summer).
health — specifically the control of ers has virtually stopped. Many produc- The graduated risk assessment
internal parasites. ers have been misusing dewormers process begins by collecting information
Grazing animals have several advan- (underdosing the animal or long-time
about the flock’s history with and poten-
tages in animal welfare/health versus ani- use) leading to increased risk and occur-
tial exposure to internal parasites.
mals in confinement. But one area where rence of parasite resistance to certain
Answering questions in the five manage-
grazing animals have greater risk for dis- dewormers. Producers in some southern
ment focus areas will allow current farm
ease is internal parasitism. In the case of states have reported serious health prob-
methods to be rated as a high, medium
sheep and goats, their fecal pellets are lems related to parasitism and an appar-
small and disintegrate easily, releasing ent lack of efficacy in common or low risk practice. In cases of higher
parasitic larvae onto pastures. Sheep, if therapeutic agents. Spread of resistant risk, the process will lead to recommen-
left on pasture for too long, graze close parasites appears to be moving into dations about management alternatives
to the ground, increasing their chances Pennsylvania flocks. that can be adopted to lessen identified
of picking up larvae. In the case of goats, Dr. David Wolfgang, Penn State risks. Data collected at the various farms
although preferring browse rather than Extension Veterinarian, Ron Hoover, across Pennsylvania participating in this
grasses, if left on pasture or confined can Penn State On-Farm Research Coordi- research will provide useful benchmarks
easily pick up parasites as well. nator and Michele Gauger, PASA from which to consider the potential
Internal parasitism in sheep/goat Research Assistant have developed a tool impact of parasites on farm profitability
flocks can result in poor livestock per- called a “graduated risk assessment” to and to evaluate changes and progress
formance, while causing economic and evaluate aspects of small ruminant pro- over time.
production losses. Affected animals duction. This tool is used to discover To learn more about this project or
show symptoms ranging from lethargy, high-risk farm management practices take a look at the small ruminant herd
diarrhea, weight gain or loss — or even that may be impacting herd health. risk assessment questions, visit the On-
no signs at all. The research will consider a whole Farm Research page of the PASA website
For most of recorded history parasite farm systems approach, focusing on five — www.pasafarming.org or contact
control was accomplished by minimiz- specific areas of (forage/pasture manage- Michele Gauger at PASA headquarters.
ing exposure of susceptible animals ment, environmental quality, flock man- A poster display of this project will also
through grazing rotation or breeding to agement, farm marketing and overall be at the PASA conference. n
Internal parasitism in sheep/goat flocks can result in poor livestock performance, while causing economic and production losses.
14
PASA invites you to participate
in our new FREE Ride and Room
Share program for the Farming
for the Future conference Farming for the Future Carpools!
Have room for an extra passenger in your car? Encourage Green Travel
Or are you looking for a ride to the conference? * Conference ride, room & flight match *
Help make Farming for the Future greener by traveling * Carpools to cultural events & rallies *
with your neighbors. What a great way to build com- * College rideshare systems *
Your nonprofit can use our tools
to recruit at festivals
munity and conserve gasoline!
Visit the PASA website to save money, share space, and * Community websites *
Tell us your technology dreams or woes
and we may be able to help
conserve fuel.
www.pasafarming.org www.SpaceShare.org/newsletter
Certified by PCO
Scalder — (above center) 42 gallon rotary, gas fired with auto control
temp timer. 60,000 BTU, all stainless steel.
ALSO AVAILABLE
Manual Scalder — Hand dunk birds. 42 gallon, 45,000 btu.
15
Business Member Profile
Penn State AgMap AgMap Director, Rick Day and AgMap
Systems Coordinator Eric Steele talk
about the Web site’s content at Penn
State University.
16
ADVERTISEMENT
17
PASA Opinion
English word used by a Frenchman into
Encounter with a French Cheese Expert an English word found in a dictionary.
Actually, Patrick had an amazing grasp
Brian F. Futhey, Stone Meadow Farm eyes lit up. Patrick Anglade is from of the English language so it wasn’t diffi-
In the fall of 2004, I embarked upon France where he works with farmers who cult to follow what he was conveying.
a new venture to compliment my sea- are cheese makers. Now this sounded Being in a group of 20 or so cheese mak-
sonal grass-based dairy: cheese making. like the kind of workshop for me. What ers for three days was a delight in itself.
The two seemed like a natural fit for do I know about lactic acid cheese any- We had traveled from Oregon, Illinois,
each other, turning an already healthful way? My first task, after I sent in my reg- Ohio, Virginia, Pennsylvania, Ontario,
product (my milk) into a value-added istration, was to track down that as well as New York to share ideas, expe-
healthful product (my cheese). “willing” family member (my son) and riences and, of course, our cheese.
So how does one transform oneself convince him of how noble it would be
from dairy farmer to cheese maker?
Reading books is a start, you can do that
for him to milk for those three days I
would be gone. This done, I was off to
Affinage —
between milkings, but it has its limita-
tions. Attending workshops with experi-
Binghamton, N.Y.
The workshop was about lactic acid
the relationship
enced cheese makers has proven
extremely valuable for me. So when
cheese and the relationship between the
bacterial cultures we used and how the
between the bacter-
PASA joined with NYS Cheese Alliance,
Vermont Cheese Makers, and other
cheese turns out after it has aged. The
term for this is affinage, which is French
ial cultures we use
groups to set up a workshop seminar
with Patrick Anglade last December, my
— of course. We didn’t learn French but
we did learn how to translate a broken
in making cheese
and how the cheese
People Power turns out after it
The power is in the people in P. A. S. A.
With zeal ’n determination we live what we say.
has aged.
The remarkable moment was when,
We start at the basics, students of the soil,
at lunchtime, we tasted our cheese and
With life long range goals we focus our toil.
had each one evaluated. There were over
We love that life force that dwells in the sod, 25 different kinds of cheese on a table
It’s livin’ and breathin’, a love gift from God. with Patrick on one side and everyone
So we grow out those veggies, that are totally free, else huddled around the other. The
From contaminatin’ chemicals, the stuff you can’t see. cheese was examined, squeezed, sniffed,
then cut into small pieces for everyone
Realizin’ the connection, ’n spite what naysayers ’ve said, to taste. While we tasted, Patrick would
’tween stuff that we grow, ’n then love to eat, give a verbal description of what he was
and what we put into, the dirt ’neath our feet. experiencing. First, was the type of milk
(cow, sheep, goat), then, whether it was
The people of PASA, have a special connection
a lactic acid cheese (brie, camembert) or
with animals in our care, it’s just a reflection
a hard cheese (gouda, pecorino). Also,
of what we believe, ’n how we live out our life. the texture was noted as pliable and elas-
Those animals can do with a whole lot less strife. tic or brittle and crumbly. After the piece
The chickens need to scratch around , lookin’ for bugs. was popped into the mouth, then came
terms like: nutty, bitter, sweet, caramel,
The cows, goats and horses, and even the sheep, stinging. It was amazing to suddenly rec-
just do so much better, in grass ’bout knee deep. ognize these sensations after hearing
We the people of PASA, each of us a voice them described. We spent two hours
that’s workin’ for change, give consumers a choice. tasting cheese, and none of us cared
about lunch. The workshop concluded
We the people of PASA, are settin’ the trend,
with discussion on aging cheese with
and spreadin’ the word, to our neighbors and friends.
proper temperature, relative humidity
So with vigor an zeal, we live what we say, and time, all depending on the type of
the power is in the people, of the P. A. S. A. cheese you’re working with. Its kind of a
complex world, this cheese making
process, but it has great rewards. n
— Jonas K. Stoltzfus, JuJo Acres
18
The PASA Staff and Board W
R O E R’
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would like to thank… 1234567890123456789012
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These recent volunteers: 1234567890123456789012
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AdAbility, Inc. Julie Hurst Jon Rhodes 1234567890123456789012
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Bill Callahan Cynthia Iberg Molly Scanlon 1234567890123456789012
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Tom Carey Barb Kline Randa Shannon
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Jim Crawford Peggy Lauver Chris Shauger UNT LA
Lisa Diefenbach Kitty Leatham Don Shauger
growersdiscountlabels@tds.net
Stay
connected!
Visit PASA online at
www.pasafarming.org
19
Editor’s Corner
ATTRA Resources On-Line
The Grapevine A recordkeeping and budgeting work-
book for organic crop producers is now
available at www.attra.ncat.org/risk_man-
by Michele Gauger agement/srmgateway.html. This publica-
tion contains forms for keeping farm
ATTRA Publications records consistent with requirements of
Resources for
the National Organic Program and devel-
Record Keeping Available for free at 800-346-9140 or
oping production and marketing budgets
Center for Integrated Agricultural Sys- www.attra.ncat.org
from these records.
tems, Univ. of Wisconsin–Madison, offers • Marketing Gardening: a start-up guide
tools for tracking farm & ranch progress. (IP195) The Corporate Players
Among the best are the highly detailed
• Agricultural Business Planning Tem- in the Organic Marketplace
and adaptable enterprise budgets for Interested in learning more about the
plates & Resources (RL042)
specialty foods, dairy sheep, dairy goats, organic industry structure? Regularly
and pastured poultry. These Excel spread- • Forms, Documents, and Sample Letters
updated ownership charts are available at
sheets can be downloaded at www. for Organic Producers (IP276)
Cyber-Help for Organic Farmers at
cias.wisc.edu/archives/cat_farm_busness. • Moving Beyond Conventional Cash www.certifiedorganic. bc.ca/rcbtoa/
php or call 608-262-5200 Cropping (IP201) (See chart below)
20
Classified Ads
ORGANIC FARMER — fulltime organic farmer OPPORTUNITY — Seven Stars Farm is a 350- SEEKING ORGANIC FARMER — I am looking
needed in southeast PA. Experience with cattle, acre biodynamic dairy farm, located near Kim- for a farmer familiar with organic gardening,
sheep, hogs, chickens. Required ability to main- berton, PA . Our herd of 75 Jerseys, Guernseys interested in working at a Westmoreland farm.
tain equipment & property. Salary — $35,000 and mixed-breeds supplies the milk for Seven Must be ward working, and committed to job.
plus benefits & housing. Contact Glasbern, Al Stars Yogurt, which is distributed throughout We have about 70 acres of open fields available,
Granger at 610-285-4723 ext. 397 or visit much of the United States.This position involves and 70 acres of woods. Good area to raise sheep
www.glasbern.com . working in all aspects of the farm. It can be one as well. Would request records of past experi-
fulltime position or broken into part time work. ence in the field and help in certifying the farm
COMMUNITY GARDEN PROJECT — The Penn-
Housing is available for an individual or a family. as organic. May reply to email nrci@nb.net and
sylvania Horticultural Society (PHS) motivates
For further details, please contact David Griffiths canoe@upmc.edu.
people to improve the quality of life and create
a sense of community through horticulture. The at Seven Stars Farm, 501 West Seven Stars Rd. ,
CULINARY & COTTAGE INDUSTRY ASSOCIATE
Community Garden Project provides education, Phoenixville PA 19460; (610)935-1949; fax
— Heifer Int’l, a progressive, non-profit, sustain-
technical assistance and resources for neighbor- (610)935-8292; e-mail: svenstrs@gmail.com
able development org is seeking a creative pro-
hood groups to maintain and develop their
POSITIONS AVAILABLE — Position One — fessional to coordinate an extensive prog of
community gardens. To apply, mail or fax cover
Dairy Person (Milking Goats) 5 days a week, to Culinary & Cottage Industry activities using
letter, resume and salary requirements to:
milk goats in a comfortable parlor, will train to local, organic products. For more info about our
The Pennsylvania Horticultural Society, c/o/
milk and handle machine. Position is a split shift org, detailed job desc & downloadable app
Human Resources, 100 N. 20th Street, Philadel-
3–4 hrs in AM and 3Hrs. in PM. Full Time, need a please visit www.heifer.org Send resume, cover
phia PA. 19103, FAX: 215-988-8810, Email:
reliable person with a friendly disposition who letter & app by 11/23 HR: fax 501-907-2820,
hrphs@pennhort.org.
likes animals. Job entails milking, feeding the email jobs@heifer.org.
ASSISTANT FARMER — Hawthorne Valley animals, watering, and clean up. All milking is
Farm, Ghent NY. Responsibilities include FARM OPPORTUNITY — for individual/couple.
done by machine. Position Two: Need a person
seedling greenhouse management, transplanti- Carriage House available in exchange for care-
part-time to help set up the bookkeeping and
ng, cultivating, and harvesting, as well as wash- taking responsibilities on a historic 70-acre farm
management of the farm. Any questions can be
ing, packing, and delivering produce weekly for in Upper Bucks County, PA. Responsibilities
directed to Elly Hushour at 610-570-1274.
our CSA members in NYC. Experience and inter- include: sharing animal care (cows, horses, chick-
Positions are located in Nazareth, PA at 401 W
est in Biodynamics preferred, but not required. ens); vegetable garden and light maintenance.
High Street.
Submit resume to laurahvfarm@taconic.net. For Opportunity for someone who wants to raise
information on HVF, go to www.hawthorneval- organic food for CSA or retail market with our
INTERN SOUGHT — Natural Roots, Conway MA.
leyfarm.org. help. Potential for organic certification. Contact
A diversified small farm, presently with 7 acres
Barbara for more information at 610-346-7527
under cultivation, half in mixed vegetables and
APPRENTICE & EDUCATOR/APPRENTICES or blindtner@aol.com.
herbs, and half in green manure and forage
NEEDED — Phillies Bridge Farm. In-depth train-
ing in organic and CSA farming. Apprentice: crops. We raise a flock of sheep, which yields GREAT OPPORTUNITY — On a diversified, cer-
100% farming, March–November, $150–250/ meat, spinning fleeces, and sheep skins for mar- tified organic 80-acre vegetable and fruit farm
week stipend plus housing. Educator/ Appren- ket. We also have a dairy cow and both laying of 30 years, near Pittsburgh, PA. One of the
tices: 60% farming, 40% education (school visits, and meat chickens. Please send your letter of largest subscription/CSA retail operations in the
day camp, low income family visits), 4/24-Nov 4 intent, resume, and three references. A farm visit country plus greenhouse and wholesale market.
and 4/24-8/12, $270/week, 845-256-9108, is required. David Fisher & Anna Maclay, Natural International crew. Salary/benefits dependent
info@philliesbridge.org Roots, 888 Shelburne Falls Road, Conway, MA on experience and commitment. Year-round
01341, phone (413) 369-4269. possibility. Check out the Kretschmann Farm at
LANCASTER CO. FARMLAND FOR RENT — 5
www.home.earthlink.net/~kmann2 for applica-
acres of land ready to certify in Lancaster coun- FARM MANAGER — Gaia Herb Farm is search-
tion or contact Don & Becky at kmann2@earth-
ty. Near retail, wholesale markets. Successful CSA ing for an experienced organic farm manager to
link.net, 724-452-7189.
was run on this farm in the past. All necessary oversee our 250-acre certified organic medicinal
machinery available to rent as needed. Housing herb operation. Applicant must have experience FOR SALE — Peanut & corn roaster, 75 lb. capac-
for rent in vicinity. Ideal for those wanting to with large-scale field production; knowledge ity, propane heated, portable — $2,500. Call
start with little financial risk. Contact Katy and experience with certified organic farming Jeremy Jackson at 814-876-0282.
Heinzel, 717 684-5210, khreist@paonline.com practices; and be able to speak Spanish and Eng-
lish. Send resume to Ric Scalzo, rscalzo@gaia- FOR SALE — Registered Haflinger mare for sale.
FARMING AT TAIT FARM — Tait Farm is a diver-
herbs.com. For additional information please Started in harness, ready for saddle. Will be 3 in
sified family business located 7 miles east of
contact Jackie Greenfield at 828-883-5902. April. Sound and good looking. Needs to be
State College (Penn State University) in central
worked. Contact Joe Detelj at 570-523-1681.
PA. The farm provides certified organic vegeta-
ADMINISTRATIVE COUNCIL OPENINGS — Two
bles & fruits to a 120 + member CSA, a local BOOKS FOR SALE — Take a peek into a window
openings on the Northeast Sustainable Agricul-
restaurant, an on-farm retail store & an on-farm of the soul of an earli risin’, hard drivin’ grandpa
ture Research and Education Administrative
specialty food manufacturing facility. There are farmer, “Cup Of Joe” 75 titles by Jonas K. Stoltz-
Council will open up in 2006, and the Northeast
currently 6 acres of ground in certified organic
SARE program is seeking nominations for these fus. jstoltz@pa.net or R.D. 2 Box 196 Loysville, Pa
production. The farm has been owned by the
positions. Send nominations by February 1, 2006 17047. $22, includes mailing cost.
Tait family since 1950 and has been a communi-
ty business for 25 years.The farm employs 2 full- to Fred Magdoff, Regional Coordinator, North-
time farmers on a year-round basis who share in east SARE, Hills Building, University of Vermont,
Burlington, VT 05405-0471.You can also e-mail a FULL LISTING NOW ONLINE
the management of agriculture. There is one
nomination to nesare@uvm.edu. If you have Check out PASA’s website: www.pasafarm-
farming position available beginning in the win-
ter of 2006.This is a full-time, year round, salaried questions about the nomination process or the ing.org for new features including classified
position with health benefits available. For more duties of the Northeast SARE Administrative ads and employment opportunity listings.
information, call Kim Tait at (814) 466-2386. Council, call 802-656-0471.
21
Calendar
Bird discount and be eligible for a draw- ues that Last Conference: Models for the
JANUARY ing to win FULL CONFERENCE registra- Journey. David Kline, celebrated Amish
Jan 21 Organic Farming Winter Confer- tion, meals and hotel accommodations! author, naturalist and organic dairy
ence, Worchester, MA. The 19th annual http://nofany.org/events/2006confer- farmer, keynotes a weekend of practical
NOFA/MASS Winter Conference, Bancroft ence/nofanyconfregform06.pdf. workshops, inspiring singing, solid wor-
School. Workshops on such diverse sub- ship and warm fellowship for people of
Jan 31–Feb 2 Mid-Atlantic Fruit & Veg-
jects as organic landscaping, organic faith interested in sustainable farming
etable Convention, Hershey, PA. Email
dairy production and shiatsu massage, and healthy food. A local food meal, com-
pvga@pvga.org or visit www.pvga.org
expect a day full of learning. Other activi- mercial and ministry exhibits, time for
ties will include the NOFA/Mass annual outside fun and stories of God’s surpris-
meeting; a community potluck lunch;
fun, informative classes for children; and
FEBRUARY ing and sustaining work in agriculture.
Laurelville Mennonite Church Center,
a farmer’s market, with exhibits from Feb 2–4 PASA’s 15th Annual Farming for Mount Pleasant PA www.laurelville.org.
local farmers and organic producers. The the Future conference, Penn Stater Con- Registration: Cheryl Paulovich,
workshop is open to the public; registra- ference Center, State College, PA. Visit cheryl@laurelville.org 800-839-1021 or
tion fees vary. This annual event - hosted www.pasafarming.org or call 814-349- 724-423-2056 x2423. A full brochure is
by NOFA/Mass (Northeast Organic Farm- 9856. available at www.laurelville.org/pdfs/
ing Association of MA) — will be held at 06%20SF%20web.pdf
the Bancroft School in Worcester, just Feb 3–5 New York State Farmers’ Direct
minutes from Exit 19 off I-290. Registra- Marketing Conference,“Profiting from Feb 24 9th Annual Northwest Pennsylva-
tion begins at 8:00AM; the day’s events Local Farm Products,” SUNY Cobleskill, nia Grazing Conference, Continental
conclude at 5:30PM. A complete descrip- NY. Visit www.agmkt.state.ny.us/event- Hotel & Conference Center, DuBois, PA.
tion of the event and an on-line registra- cal.html. Contact Gary Swope 814-375-2125 ext.
tion form are available at: www.nofamass 114 or Headwaters RC&D 814-375-1372
Feb 11–14 National Family Farm Coali-
.org/conferences/2006/index.php tion Winter Meeting, Washington DC. Ten- ext. 102.
Jan 25 “From the Farm Gate to the Din- tative schedule includes annual business
meeting on Sunday, workshops on key
ner Plate,” conference theme sponsored
by the Virginia Cooperative Extension & issues, and celebration reception/auction APRIL
Virginia Forage & Grassland Council. on Monday. Registration information is
Apr 4–6 5th National IPM Symposium, St.
Nationally recognized speakers will help available on www.nffc.net.
Louis, MO. Visit www.ipmcenters.org.
producers learn about how to utilize for- Feb 13 Empire State Fruit & Vegetable
age systems to grass finish animals. To be Apr 28–29 Organic Beekeeping Work-
Expo — Holiday Inn, Liverpool, NJ. Call
held at the Reva Fire Department (just 315-687-5734 for more information. shop, A workshop for active beekeepers
west of Culpeper, VA). Early registration is as well as for beginners including a
$25 for VA Forage & Grassland Council Feb 13–16 Empire State Fruit & Veg- hands-on session. In this workshop we
members, $40 for members. After Jan. 17 etable Expo, Syracuse, NY. Send email to will look at the bee colony as an organ-
$40 for members, $65 for nonmembers. nysvga@twcny.rr.com ism and what it needs in order to further
Nonmember registration include mem- its health and vitality. Lots of practical
Feb 22 & 23 2006 Grazing Conference
bership in the VA Forage & Grassland advice and demonstrations will give
(Feb 22) & Hay Conference (Feb 23),
Council, the American Forage & Grass- novices enough information to get start-
sponsored by the Pennsylvania Forage &
land Council, subscriptions to the VA For- ed with their own hive, and encourage
Grassland Council and Pennsylvania
ager Newspaper, Forage Leader experienced beekeepers to adopt organ-
Grazinglands Conservation Initiative. Hol-
Magazine & email publication Forage ic procedures. Call 845-352-5020, ext 20;
iday Inn, Grantville, PA. Contact Richard
Progress. For more information contact email: info@pfeiffercenter.org or visit:
Hann, 717-832-0127 or Hannr54@com-
Dean Gall at dgall@dcr.state.va.us or 540- www.pfeiffercenter .org.
cast.net for more information.
643-25925 or David Fiske at
dafiske@vt.edu or 540-377-2255. Feb 22–25 2006 Mid-Atlantic Direct Apr 28–29 4th Annual Pennsylvania
Marketing Conference & Trade Show — Land Conservation, Penn Stater Confer-
Jan 27–29 NOFA-NY Organic Farming & ence Center Hotel, State College, PA,
Sheraton Hotel, Reading, PA. Conference
Gardening Conference — Cooperation: Learn more and download registration
focuses on innovative marketing tech-
with Nature, Neighbors & Local materials at www.conserveland.org.
niques through tours, workshops, round
Economies, Syracuse, NY. Check out
table discussions and presentations by
http://nofany.org/events/2006confer- industry experts. Visit www.MADMC.com
ence/nofa-ny2006conferencebrochure Full calendar listings
for registration information.
.pdf for a full conference program. Early are available online:
Bird Deadline: December 31. Get the Early Feb 24–26 3rd Annual Farming with Val- www.pasafarming.org
22
PASA Membership Please clip this application and return with payment to:
PASA Membership, PO Box 419, Millheim, PA 16854
& Contribution Form or join online at pasafarming.org
P
ASA is a nonprofit membership based organization working
About You
Name
to enhance the positive social and economic impact of agri-
Company/Farm
culture and food systems in Pennsylvania. We work with
farmers, consumers, and those concerned with the ecological well- Address
being of our environment and natural resources. PASA works to City State
Donations
Consider lending extra support to these two PASA funds. The
PASA Memberships
Student $ 15 Annual Fund supports PASA’s basic operations, and the Arias M.
Brownback Scholarship Fund helps those wishing to learn about
Individual $ 45
sustainable agriculture attend the annual conference regardless of
Family/Farm Please complete field below $ 60 financial position.
n Annual Fund
Nonprofit Please complete field below $ 100
$ ...................
SUBTOTAL $ PASA is a registered 501 (C) 3 organization and contributions are tax exempt.
Family/Farm Membership
Please list all names for this Family/Farm membership. You may include
children between the ages of 14–22, and also multiple generations
directly involved in the farm.
Payment
Card No.
Nonprofit or Business Membership
Please list up to two additional people associated with your business to Exp. Date
receive individual membership privileges. VISA MasterCard
Cardholder Name
Signature
State ZIP+4
Telephone E-mail
2006 Farming for the Future Conference Sponsors
PATRONS OF SUSTAINABILITY
An
Anonymous
Pennsylvania State University, Watershed Agricultural Sponsor
College of Agricultural Sciences Council of New York
Eberly Poultry Farms Midlands Management Natural Dairy Products Corp. Organic Unlimited SMart Supply & Services, LLC
Pennsylvania College & Vibrante Bleu, LLC
Flint Hill Farm Moyer’s Chicks, Inc. Natural Science Organics
of Technology,
Lancaster Ag Products Munnell Run Farm Nature’s Best Organic Feed Spiral Path Farm
School of Hospitality
McGeary Organics Inc. Foundation Inc. OceanGrown, LLC Restora-Life Minerals LLC Whole Foods Market
Agri-Service LLC Animal Welfare Institute Dairyland Sales and Service Professional Recyclers of PA Tierra Farm
Albert’s Organics Bakewell Reproductive Center, LLC Delaware Valley College Seedway Inc. Tuscarora Organic Growers Coop.
American Livestock big Burrito Restaurant Group OIC International Sustainable Growth Waterkeeper Alliance
Breeds Conservancy Center for Rural Pennsylvania PennFuture Tait Farm Foods White Dog Café
Albert Lusk • BCS America LLC • Chesapeake Bay Foundation • Eastern Alliance Insurance • Environmental Decisions • Environmental Fund for Pennsylvania • Greater Pittsburgh
Community Food Bank • Homestead Nutrition Inc. • Johnny’s Selected Seeds • LeRaysville Cheese Factory • Northeast SARE • Pennsylvania State University AgMap • Pennsylvania
Natural Living Association • Plains Animal Hospital • Plant Health Alternatives • Sierra Club Pennsylvania Chapter • Soil Secret Inc. • Sun Gro Horticulture • Weston A. Price
Foundation • Wiscoy Pet Food Co.