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Find the coordinates of the point where the line given by the parametric equations x = 2 + 4,
y = 2, z = 3 + 2, intersects the plane with equation 2x + 3y z = 2.
Working:
Answer:
..
(Total 4 marks)
2. Find the value of a for which the following system of equations does not have a unique solution.
4x y + 2z = 1
2x + 3y = 6
x 2y + az = 7
2
Working:
Answer:
..
(Total 4 marks)
1
3. (a) Find a vector perpendicular to the two vectors:
! ! !
OP = i 3 j + 2 k
! ! !
OQ = 2 i + j k
(b) If OP and OQ are position vectors for the points P and Q, use your answer to part (a),
or otherwise, to find the area of the triangle OPQ.
Working:
Answers:
(a) ..
(b) ..........
(Total 4 marks)
2
4. The coordinates of the points P, Q, R and S are (4, 1, 1), (3, 3, 5), (1, 0, 2c), and (1, 1, 2),
respectively.
(a) Find the value of c so that the vectors QR and PR are orthogonal.
(7)
For the remainder of the question, use the value of c found in part (a) for the coordinate of
the point R.
(b) Evaluate PS PR .
(4)
(c) Find an equation of the line l which passes through the point Q and is parallel to the
vector PR .
(3)
(d) Find an equation of the plane which contains the line l and passes through the point S.
(4)
(e) Find the shortest distance between the point P and the plane .
(4)
(Total 22 marks)
! ! ! !
5. The vector n = 2 i j +3 k is normal to a plane which passes through the point (2, 1, 2).
Working:
Answers:
(a) ..................................................................
(b) ..................................................................
(Total 4 marks)
3
H G
E
F
3cm
D C
4cm
A 6cm B
Find, correct to the nearest one-tenth of a degree, the size of the angle AH C .
Working:
Answer:
..............
(Total 4 marks)
4
7. Calculate the shortest distance from the point A(0, 2, 2) to the line
! ! ! ! ! ! !
r = 5 i + 9 j + 6 k + t( i + 2 j + 2 k )
where t is a scalar.
Working:
Answer:
..............
(Total 4 marks)
5
8. Consider the points A(l, 2, 1), B(0, 1, 2), C(1, 0, 2), and D(2, 1, 6).
(b) Calculate AB BC .
(3)
(d) Find the equation of the plane P containing the points A, B, and C.
(3)
(e) Find a set of parametric equations for the line through the point D and
perpendicular to the plane P.
(2)
6
9. The system of equations represented by the following matrix equation has an infinite number of
solutions.
2 1 9 x 7
1 2 3 y = 1
2 1 3 z k
Working:
Answer:
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(Total 3 marks)
10. Find a vector that is normal to the plane containing the lines L1, and L2, whose equations are:
Working:
Answer:
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(Total 3 marks)
y +1 z 3
11. The plane 6x 2y + z = 11 contains the line x 1 = = . Find l.
2 l
7
Working:
Answer:
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(Total 3 marks)
12. Let a be the angle between the vectors a and b, where a = (cos )i + (sin )j,
b = (sin )i + (cos )j and 0 < <
.
4
Express in terms of .
Working:
Answer:
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(Total 3 marks)
8
13. (a) Given matrices A, B, C for which AB = C and det A 0, express B in terms of A and C.
(2)
1 2 3 4 13 7 5
(b) Let A = 2 1 2 , D = 2 7 4 and C = 7 .
3 3 2 3 9 5 10
(ii) Find B if AB = C.
(3)
u v = 7i + 4j 5k.
(2)
(b) Let w = u + v where and are scalars. Show that w is perpendicular to the line of
intersection of the planes x + 2y + 3z = 5 and 2x y + 2z = 7 for all values of and .
(4)
(Total 6 marks)
9
15. The position vectors of points P and Q are:
p = 3i + 2j + k
q = i + 3j 2k
(b) Using your answer to part (a), or otherwise, find the area of the parallelogram with two
sides OP and OQ .
Working:
Answers:
(a) ..................................................................
(b) ..................................................................
(Total 3 marks)
10
16. Find the coordinates of the point of intersection of the line L with the plane P where:
x + 3 y 1 z 1
L: = =
2 1 2
P : 2x + 3y z = 5
Working:
Answer:
..
(Total 3 marks)
Working:
Answer:
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(Total 3 marks)
11
18. For the vectors a = 2i + j 2k, b = 2i j k and c = i + 2j + 2k, show that:
(a) a b = 3i 2j 4k
(2)
(b) (a b) c = (b c)a
(3)
(Total 5 marks)
19. Three points A, B and C have coordinates (2, 1, 2), (2, 1, 1) and (1, 2, 2) respectively. The
vectors OA , OB and OC , where O is the origin, form three concurrent edges of a
parallelepiped OAPBCQSR as shown in the following diagram.
P S
A
Q
B
R
O C
V = OA OB OC
(2)
(Total 8 marks)
12
20. Find the equation of the line of intersection of the two planes 4x + y + z = 2 and
3x y + 2z = 1.
Working:
Answer:
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(Total 3 marks)
1 y x +1 2 y z + 2
x 1= = z 2 and = = .
2 3 3 5
Working:
Answer:
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(Total 3 marks)
22. The triangle ABC has vertices at the points A(l, 2, 3), B(l, 3, 5) and C(0, 1, 1).
(a) Find the size of the angle between the vectors AB and AC .
(4)
13
Let l1 be the line parallel to AB which passes through D(2, 1, 0) and l2 be the line parallel to
AC
which passes through E(l, 1, 1).
23. Point A(3, 0, 2) lies on the line r = 3i 2k + (2i 2j + k), where is a real parameter. Find
the coordinates of one point which is 6 units from A, and on the line.
Working:
Answer:
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(Total 3 marks)
14
24. (a) Solve the following system of linear equations
x + 3y 2z = 6
2x + y + 3z = 7
3x y + z = 6.
(3)
(d) The line l lies in the plane 3x y + z = 6, passes through the point (1, 1, 2) and is
perpendicular to v. Find the equation of l.
(4)
(Total 13 marks)
25. Find the angle between the vectors v = i + j + 2k and w = 2i + 3j + k. Give your answer in
radians.
Working:
Answer:
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(Total 6 marks)
15
26. The vector equations of the lines L1 and L2 are given by
L1: r = i + j + k + (i + 2j + 3k);
The two lines intersect at the point P. Find the position vector of P.
Working:
Answer:
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(Total 6 marks)
(a) (i) Evaluate the vector product AB AC , giving your answer in terms of the unit
vectors i, j, k.
The plane containing the points A, B, C is denoted by and the line passing through D
perpendicular to is denoted by L. The point of intersection of L and is denoted by P.
28. Find an equation for the line of intersection of the following two planes.
16
x + 2y 3z = 2
2x + 3y 5z = 3
Working:
Answer:
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(Total 6 marks)
29. Given two non-zero vectors a and b such that a + b = a b, find the value of a b.
Working:
Answer:
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(Total 6 marks)
17
30. Consider the points A (1, 3, 17) and B (6, 7, 8) which lie on the line l.
Working:
Answer:
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(Total 6 marks)
18
32. The point A is the foot of the perpendicular from the point (1, 1, 9) to the plane
2x + y z = 6. Find the coordinates of A.
Working:
Answer:
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(Total 6 marks)
x + 2y + z = k
2x + y + 4z = 6
x 4y + 5z = 9
where k is a constant.
(a) (i) Show that these equations do not have a unique solution.
(ii) Find the value of k for which the equations are consistent (that is, they can be
solved).
(6)
(b) For this value of k, find the general solution of these equations.
(3)
(Total 9 marks)
19
34. Consider the points A(1, 2, 4), B(l, 5, 0) and C(6, 5, 12). Find the area of ABC.
Working:
Answer:
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(Total 6 marks)
35. Find the angle between the plane 3x 2y + 4z = 12 and the z-axis. Give your answer to the
nearest degree.
Working:
Answer:
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(Total 6 marks)
20
36. The point A (2, 5, 1) is on the line L, which is perpendicular to the plane with equation
x + y + z 1 = 0.
(b) Find the point of intersection of the line L and the plane.
(4)
(c) The point A is reflected in the plane. Find the coordinates of the image of A.
(2)
(d) Calculate the distance from the point B(2, 0, 6) to the line L.
(4)
(Total 12 marks)
3x + y + z = 1
2x + y z = 4
5x + y + bz = 1
(b) Hence write down, with a reason, the range of values of b for which this system of
equations has a unique solution.
(2)
(Total 6 marks)
21
38. The line r = i + k + (i j + 2k) and the plane 2x y + z + 2 = 0 intersect at the point P. Find the
coordinates of P.
Working:
Answer:
.........................................................................
(Total 6 marks)
39. (a) The point P(1, 2, 11) lies in the plane 1. The vector 3i 4 j + k is perpendicular to 1.
Find the Cartesian equation of 1.
(2)
22
40. Consider the four points A(1, 4, 1), B(2, 5, 2), C(5, 6, 3) and D(8, 8, 4). Find the point of
intersection of the lines (AB) and (CD).
Working:
Answer:
.........................................................................
(Total 6 marks)
23
x+2 y z 9
41. A line l1 has equation = = .
3 1 2
(d) The plane 1 contains l1 and l2. Find an equation for 1, giving your answer in the form
Ax + By + Cz = D.
(4)
(e) The plane 2 has equation x 5y z = 11. Verify that l1 is the line of intersection of the
planes 1 and 2.
(2)
(Total 16 marks)
24
42. A triangle has its vertices at A(1, 3, 2), B(3, 6, 1) and C(4, 4, 3).
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(Total 6 marks)
25
43. (a) Write down the inverse of the matrix
1 3 1
A = 2 2 1
1 5 3
x 3y + z = 1
2x + 2y z = 2
x 5y + 3z = 3
(c) A fourth plane with equation x + y + z = d passes through the point of intersection. Find
the value of d.
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(Total 6 marks)
26
x2 y2 z 3 x2 y3 z 4
44. (a) Show that lines = = and = = intersect and find the
1 3 1 1 4 2
coordinates of P, the point of intersection.
(8)
(b) Find the Cartesian equation of the plane that contains the two lines.
(6)
(c) The point q (3, 4, 3) lies on . The line L passes through the midpoint of [PQ]. Point S is
on L such that PS = QS = 3 , and the triangle PQS is normal to the plane . Given that
there are two possible positions for S, find their coordinates.
(15)
(Total 29 marks)
2 2
45. The position vectors of points P and Q are 3 and 2 respectively. The origin is at O.
1 4
Find
Working:
Answers:
(a)
(b)
(Total 6 marks)
2 2 1
46. (a) The plane 1 has equation r = 1 + 1 + 3 .
1 8 9
27
2 1 1
The plane 2 has the equation r = 0 + s 2 + t 1 .
1 1 1
(ii) Hence, or otherwise, find a vector equation of the line of intersection of and 2.
(5)
y
(b) The plane 3 contains the line 2 x = = z + 1 and is perpendicular to 3i 2j + k.
3 4
Find the cartesian equation of 3.
(4)
47. The parallelogram ABCD has vertices A (3, 2, 0), B (7, 1, 1), C (10, 3, 0) and D (6, 0, 1).
Calculate the area of the parallelogram.
Working:
Answer:
(Total 6 marks)
28
x 1 y2 z+2
48. The line = = is reflected in the plane x + y + z = 1. Calculate the angle
1 1 1
between the line and its reflection. Give your answer in radians.
Working:
Answer:
(Total 6 marks)
x 1 y 1 z 5
49. The plane contains the line = = and the point (1, 2, 3).
2 3 6
2 1 2
50. Let a = 1 , b = p and c = 4 .
0 6 3
(a) Find a b.
29
(b) Find the value of p, given that a b is parallel to c.
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(Total 6 marks)
51. Let A be the point (2, 1, 0), B the point (3, 0, 1) and C the point (1, m, 2), where m ,m<
0.
C = arccos 2
(ii) Hence, given that AB , show that m = 1.
3
(6)
(d) (i) The line L is perpendicular to plane ABC and passes through A. Find a vector
equation of L.
(ii) The point D(6, 7, 2) lies on L. Find the volume of the pyramid ABCD.
(8)
(Total 21 marks)
30
L1 : x = 1 + 2, y = 1 + 3, z = 1
L2 : x = 2 , y = 3 + 4, z = 4 + 2
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(Total 6 marks)
31
53. Let P be the point (1, 0, 2) and be the plane x + y 2z + 3 = 0. Let P be the reflection of P
in the plane . Find the coordinates of the point P.
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(Total 6 marks)
54. (a) The line l1 passes through the point A (0, 1, 2) and is perpendicular to the plane x 4y
3z = 0. Find the Cartesian equations of l1.
(2)
(b) The line l2 is parallel to l1 and passes through the point P(3, 8, 11). Find the vector
equation of the line l2.
(2)
(c) (i) The point Q is on the line l1 such that PQ is perpendicular to l1 and l2. Find the
coordinates of Q.
32
55. Consider the system of equations
x + 2y + kz = 0
x + 3y + z = 3
kx + 8y + 5z = 6
(a) Find the set of values of k for which this system of equations has a unique solution.
(6)
(b) For each value of k that results in a non-unique solution, find the solution set.
(8)
(Total 14 marks)
33
56. Consider the vectors a, b, c, d
2 1 3
a = 3 , b = 2 , c = 1 , d = 2 .
1 5 15
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(Total 6 marks)
34
57. Find the cosine of the angle between the planes 1 and 2, where 1 has equation 2x + y z =
2 and 2 has equation x + 2y z = 6.
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(Total 6 marks)
35
58. Given that a = 2i j k, b = 2i + j 2k and c = i + j k are the position vectors of the points
A, B and C respectively, calculate the area of triangle ABC.
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(Total 6 marks)
36
59. Two planes 1 and 2 are represented by the equations
3 2 2
1: r = 1 + 2 + 1
5 3 0
2: 2x y 2z = 4.
2 2
(a) (i) Find 2 1 .
3 0
(d) The line l2 is parallel to both 1 and 2, and passes through P(3, 5, 1).
Find an equation for l2 in Cartesian form.
(3)
37
60. Consider the vectors a = i j + k, b = i + 2 j + 4k and c = 2i 5 j k.
(c) The plane 1 contains the point A (1, 1, 1) and is normal to b. The plane intersects the x,
y and z axes at the points L, M and N respectively.
(d) The line through the origin, O, normal to 1 meets 1 at the point P.
(e) The plane 2 has equation x + 2y + 4z = 4. Calculate the angle between 2 and a line
parallel to a.
(5)
(Total 27 marks)
38
61. Find the non-unique solution for the following system of simultaneous equations
xyz=3
x 2y + z = 2
2x y 4z = 7
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(Total 6 marks)
39
62. The lines l1 and l2 have equations
4 1 2 0
r1 = 3 + 5 and r2 = 1 + 2
0 2 3 3
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(4)
(Total 6 marks)
40
2
x4 y +2 z 6
63. A plane has equation r 1 = 16 and a line l has equations = = .
1 1 2 4
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(Total 6 marks)
41
64. The points A, B, C have position vectors i + j + 2k, i + 2 j + k, i + k respectively and lie in the
plane .
(a) Find
The line L passes through the origin and is normal to the plane , it intersects at the point D.
(b) Find
42
2 2 2 2
65. Given any two non-zero vectors a and b, show that a b = a b (a b) .
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(Total 6 marks)
66. Consider the points A(1, 1, 4), B(2, 2, 5) and O(0, 0, 0).
(b) Find a vector equation of the line L1 which passes through A and B.
(2)
(c) Show that the lines L1 and L2 intersect and find the coordinates of their point of
intersection.
(7)
(d) Find the Cartesian equation of the plane which contains both the line L2 and the point A.
(6)
(Total 20 marks)
4
67. A ray of light coming from the point (1, 3, 2) is travelling in the direction of vector 1
2
43
and meets the plane : x + y + 2z 24 = 0.
Find the angle that the ray of light makes with the plane.
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(Total 6 marks)
44
68. Find the vector equation of the line of intersection of the three planes represented by the
following system of equations.
2x 7y + 5z =1
6x + 3y z = 1
14x 23y +13z = 5
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(Total 6 marks)
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