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UNIT I
1. What are the transistor parameters that vary with the temperature?
,ICO,VBeo are the parameters varying with the temperature.
6. What are all the factors that affect the stability of the operating point?
The following are the factors that affect the stability of the operating
point,
a. Change of due to replacement of transistors.
b. Thermal variations
12.Give the stability factor S for the Collector to base bias circuit.
The stability factor for the Collector to base bias circuit is,
13.Give the stability factor S for the Voltage divider bias circuit.
The stability factor for the Voltage divider
bias circuit is,
15. What are all the compensation techniques used for bias stability?
Along with the negative feedback, the following techniques are used
for the Q point stability.
a. Diode compensation,
b. Thermistor compensation,
c. Sensistor compensation.
16.Why the input impedance of FET is more than that of a BJT?
The input impendence of FET is more than that of a BJT because the input
circuit of FET is reverse biased whereas the input circuit of BJT is forward
biased.
21. What are the consideration factors that are used for the selection of an
operating point for an FET amplifier?
The consideration factors are,
a. Output voltage swing,
b. Distortion,
c. Power dissipation,
d. Voltage gain,
e. Drift (or) Drain current.
1. What is an amplifier?
An amplifier is a circuit, which can be used to increase the amplitude of
the input current or voltage at the output by means of energy drawn from an
external source.
12. Write the input impedance, output impedance, voltage gain and current gain
of the common emitter amplifier in terms of h parameters for the fixed bias
condition?
Current gain Ai = -hfe
Voltage gain Av = (hfeRC)/hie
Input Impedance Zi = hie
Output Impedance Zo = RL ||RC
29.Write the need for constant current source for difference amplifier?
The necessary for constant current source for differential amplifier
to increase the common mode rejection ratio without changing the
quiescent current and without lowering the forward current gain.
30. Why constant current source biasing is preferred for differential amplifier?
The constant current source biasing is preferred for differential
amplifier in order to increase the input resistance and to make the
common mode gain is zero.
34. What are the special features of a difference amplifier that used FETs?
The special features of difference amplifier using FET are,
a.Very high input impedance.
b. The common mode rejection ability is increased which makes the
common gain almost zero.
The two half networks can be connected using any number of wires
but the wires are not crossing. This type of network is known as bisected
network.
40.Give the condition for analyzing the simplified Hybrid model of the
transistor amplifier?
The following condition should be satisfied for analyzing the simplified
hybrid model of transistor amplifier.
hoe.RL<0.1
UNIT III
3. Define bandwidth?
The range of frequencies occupied by the signal is known as its
bandwidth.
14. Why N-channel FETs have a better response than P-channel FETs?
N-channel FET have a better high frequency response than P-
channel FET due to the following reason.
a. Mobility of electrons is large in N-channel FET whereas the mobility
of holes is poor in P-channel FET.
b. The input noise is less in N-channel FET that that of the P-channel
FET.
c. The trans conductance is larger in N-channel FET that that of P-
channel Fet.
15.Define f T and f .
Unity gain frequency (f T) or frequency parameter.
It is defined as the frequency at which the common emitter shirt
circuit current gain has dropped to unity and is denoted by the symbol
(fT)
Beta cut-off frequency (f )
It is defined as the high frequency at which -of a CE transistor
drops to 0.707 or 3dB from its lower frequencies
18.Write the relation between the bandwidth and rise time of an amplifiers?
BW=fH = 0.35/tr
19.Write the overall lower cut off frequency of multistage amplifier?
fL(n) = f L / ( (21/n-1))
Where f L(n) lower 3 dB frequency of identical cascaded stages
n - Number of stages
20. Write the overall higher cut off frequency of multistage amplifier?
FH(n) = f H ( (21/n-1))
Where f H(n) lower 3 dB frequency of identical cascaded stages n
- Number of stages
21.Write the relation between the sag and lower cut-off frequency.
The tilt of sag in time t1 is given by fL = pf / 100
p= Y of tilt
f= input signal frequency
22.For an amplifier, midband gain is 100 and lower cut off frequency is 1kHz.
Find the gain of an amplifier at the frequency of 20Hz.
A = (Amid)/( (1+(f1/f2)2))
A = (100)/( (1+(1000/20)2)) = 2
23.Write the relation between the sag and lower cutoff frequency?
fH = 2.2 / (2 tr) = 0.35/tr
19.State the reason for fall in gain at low frequencies in the RC coupled
amplifier.
a. The coupling capacitance (input) has very reactance at low
frequency. Therefore it will allow only a small part signal from one
stage to next stage.
b. The bypass capacitor cannot bypass or shunt the emitter resistor
effectively.
As a result of these factors, the voltage gain rolls off at low frequency.
4. What is rectifier?
Any electrical device which offers a low resistance to the current in
one direction but a high resistance to the current in the opposite direction
is called a rectifier. The rectifying device is usually a semiconductor diode.