Chapter I

The Problem and its Background

Introduction

Barangay Santisima Cruz is a community situated near the

public market of Sta. Cruz and Laguna de Bay on the other side. The

person of Sta. Cruz says that a large portion of it was once part of the

Bay. To be able to expand their land they manage to develop a large

portion of the bay and convert it into a land that can be used by the

people. In that way they are able to expand their territory. This

expansion has brought the barangay many advantages and

disadvantages. Some of the advantages that they have are; they can

accommodate more constituents, they attract business to settle their

business, job opportunities for their residents, extra land that can be

use for barangay purposes and for the constituent’s recreational

activities. Along with the different advantages that they have are the

disadvantages that cause problem to their communities. Some of the

disadvantages that they have encountered are; the growing number of

population, the large volume of garbage’s that they are producing and

the flood that they experience during rainy seasons.

Over the years that Barangay Santisima Cruz is being exposed to

flood during rainy seasons and up to the present times the Municipal

1
Government, Barangay Officials and some concern citizen are

formulating ways on how they could minimize the occurrence of flood

and eventually eliminate it. One of the many causes of flood that they

saw in treating these problems is by educating the people about the

proper ways of waste management through the efforts of their

residents about the different types of waste and the proper ways of

disposing it.

Through the efforts and hard work of the Barangay officials,

concern citizens and the cooperation of the people, Barangay

Santisima Cruz have attained their goal in educating the people about

the different types of waste and the proper waste disposal.

During the typhoon Ondoy that made the province of Sta. Cruz,

Laguna a disaster area. Barangay Santisima Cruz and other nearby

communities have been merged in high levels of flood for a couple of

months. However the community still manages to recover. They have

controlled the growth of vermin carrying diseases, communicable

diseases due to exposure to flood and the volume of waste it was

produced.

We have chosen Barangay Santisima Cruz as to be the subject

community of our study so that we can determine the level of

involvement of the people in community in maintaining a waste free

2
community. We would also like to know the different waste

management scheme being practiced by the community. This study

will also determine the involvement of the community on proper waste

management during the time of flood and how do the community

controlled the growth of waste and disease related to flood during the

said calamity.

At the present, as we conducted this study Barangay Santisima

Cruz has fully recovered from the tragedy that they have experience

last October 2009. Streets are free from waste brought by the

typhoon; Households are participating in the Barangay ordinances for

the proper waste management scheme.

Statement of the Problem

This study attempts to identify the community involvement in

waste management scheme of the people of Barangay Santisima Cruz

Sta. Cruz, Laguna.

Specifically, this study attempts to answer the following

questions:

1. What are the common wastes found in the community?

a. Animal Waste

b. Human Waste

3
 c. Solid Waste

2. What are the barangay ordinances and scheme regarding waste

management?

3. What are the common methods used by the community in waste

management/ disposal?

4. What are the common problems encountered in the community

because of poor waste management?

4
Conceptual Framework

1. The common waste

found in the community
such as:

a. animal waste

b. human waste
Interview:
c. solid waste Assist in the
Focuses waste
2. The Barangay group management
ordinances and scheme discussion on skills and
regarding waste health distribution of
management.
Barangay
3. The common methods ordinances.
used by the community
in waste management
disposal.

4. The common
problems encountered in
the community because

FIGURE 1: conceptual framework showing the relationship of variables

in the study “Community Involvement on Waste Management Scheme

of Barangay Santisima Cruz Sta. Cruz, Laguna”

5
 The research paradigm shows the relationship among the

variables considered in the study. On the left side of the figure is the

input represented by the following variable: 1. the common waste

found in the community such as animal waste, human waste and solid

waste, 2. the Barangay ordinances and scheme regarding waste

management, 3. the common methods used by the community in

waste management disposal and 4. The common problems

encountered in the community because of poor waste management

scheme.

6
Significance of the study

This study aims to find out the community involvement in

the waste management scheme in Barangay Santisima Cruz Sta. Cruz,

Laguna.

We strongly believed that the following personnel may

benefit from this study:

Residents of the Barangay, for they will be the primary beneficiary

of the study. They will acquire different information on how to improve

waste management and will also know their part in the involvement to

improve their waste management and as well as the prevention of

diseases.

Barangay Officials, for they are the once held responsible for

maintaining a well organized environment for their constituents. They

may also find better ways on how to convince their constituents to

participate in waste management scheme that they are implementing

in their barangay.

Other Barangay Officials for they may use this study for them tom

develop a good management scheme in their own barangay. Through

this they may also find ways on how to convince their constituents to

7
participate on waste management scheme that they would like to

implement.

The Local Municipal Officers for they can be aware of the problems

that are arising in Barangay Santisima Cruz. They can able to

formulate ways on how to eliminate and prevent the occurrence of

such problems in this barangay as well as the other barangay of Sta.

Cruz, Laguna.

Nursing Students who may have related studies regarding waste

management in their chosen community. This will also serves as a

basis for their study while conducting their community related studies.

The Future Researchers whom this study can provide a basis for

undertaking study of similar in nature. This study would serves as their

reference and that they can add more with regard to the same study.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study is limited to 60 families residing at Barangay

Santisima Cruz Sta. Cruz, Laguna. The variable also includes the

investigation about the common waste found in the community like

animal waste, human waste and solid waste. This study also aims to

find out about the different barangay ordinances, waste management

scheme and methods of waste disposal performed by the residents.

8
This study would also like to enumerate the different problems that the

community has encountered because of poor waste management

scheme.

Definition of Terms

The following terms that are used in this study is

operationally defined:

Waste Management as used in this study is referred to us as the

collection, transport, processing, recycling and disposal of solid liquid

and gaseous waste minerals to reduce their volume in the

environment.

Scheme is referred to us as the step by step procedure of proper

waste management.

Poor waste management is a term used in this study that is use to

refer to the community without the proper ways or method of waste

disposal.

Level of Involvement as described in this study means the level of

participation of the people with regards to waste management.

Community as used in this study is a group of people living together

in a particular land area bound with laws, beliefs, culture and religion.

9
Proper waste disposal as defined in this study is referred to us as

the reduction of waste materials through sanitary landfill, open

dumping, management of waste to energy, composting and recycling

while reducing its bad effect on the environment.

Animal waste as defined in this study is the animal manure produced

by the different animals that can be found in the community.

Human waste is a term that is used in this study use to identify the

different human body waste such as urine and feces.

Solid waste as used in this study is the different ways found in the

community. It is either bio-degradable or non-biodegradable.

10
 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

RELATED LITERATURE

Foreign

“The public community participation (PCP) system is the most

frequently suggested method in managing households' solid waste

problems. However, sustainability of the system cannot be ensured,

because of low voluntary services of the communities, low involvement

of private agencies and inappropriate choice of methods for waste

recycling. The efficiency may be achieved by involving the private

sectors along with community people and by including the provision for

payment of an incentives or any subsidies in exchange of services

rendered”.(Chakrabarti et al, 2008)

“To have an effective waste management, involvement of all

people at all level of solid waste organizations must become a priority

11
for the local government in order to prevent severe environmental

degradation.” ( Soleh et al,2007)

These articles are related to the present study because

community involvement or participation on waste management

scheme is very important to ensure the effectiveness of maintaining a

good environment and preventing environmental problems such as

flooding, to occur again in the chosen community. However, it is also

true that possibility of achieving success is by making all people either

from private or public organization be involved.

Accumulation of wastes due to its improper disposal is a major

problem in our country. Every person, on an average generates about

400 to 500 grams of wastes per day. WFD (2006), defined waste as

"any substance or object the holder discards, intends to discard or is

required to discard”.

On the other hand, solid waste is broadly defined as including

non-hazardous industrial, commercial and domestic refuse including

household organic trash, street sweepings, hospital and institutional

garbage, and construction wastes. Generally sludge and human waste

are regarded as a liquid waste. (Zerbock, 2003)

In most developed countries, different methods of waste disposal

are used like open dumping, recycling, sanitary landfill, and

12
incineration. The large amount of solid waste generated in developed

nations has been generally assumed by municipal governments.

However, in most urban areas, garbage is collected either by a

government agency or private contractor, and this constitutes as a

basic and expected government function in most developing countries.

(Zerbock, 2003)

Waste disposal such as open dumping, recycling ,sanitary landfill

and incineration contributes a lot in managing the waste. No matter

how developed the country is, it is important that waste are managed

very well for the benefit of the people. An appropriate method about

proper waste disposal that is suitable for a certain location should be

implemented to further improve the community.

There are several problems that could be associated with poor

disposal techniques and management. One of these problems could be

the fact that many developing countries and countries with economies

in transition do not have the expertise to manage hazardous wastes in

an environmentally sound manner, and most may not employ proper

technologies. Furthermore, many of these countries may not have a

system and infrastructure to ensure that hazardous wastes are

managed in a manner which will protect human health and the

environment against the adverse effects which may result from such

13
wastes. The governments often lack information about the risk they

pose to people and the environment (Basel Convention Paper, 2009).

Poor waste management can result to problems such as flood,

global warming and development of diseases. It is the role of the

government to disseminate information to the public about proper

waste management to eliminate these problems. The public should be

informed about the risk it creates to the people and to the

environment. This way, problems can be solved as long as there is

proper education about waste management.

Thus slight awareness and caution can lead to waste becoming

wealth, refuse becoming reuse and trash becoming cash. Waste

management is not a burden but an opportunity for development.

Local

In our country, solid waste management is embodied in RA 9003

or the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000. This law

provides “the legal framework for the country’s systematic,

comprehensive and ecological solid waste management program that

shall ensure protection of public health and the environment”

(Environmental Management Bureau-DENR, 2009).

14
 Before the enactment of the Clean Air Act, hazardous wastes

such as medical and laboratory wastes are subjected to burning

processes. In 2003, hazardous waste management shifted to landfills

and open dumping as an answer to the banning of burning. Results

indicated that proper waste management is not fully implemented due

to budget constraint (Bernardo, 2008).

The Philippines, at present is interested in incinerators as proven

for waste management, requiring relatively small space. The passage

of the Philippine Clean Air Act Law bans the use of incinerators. The

need for waste management measures gives opportunities for energy

recovery, either from landfills or by the collection of the landfill gas,

from the incineration or through digestion of waste to produce

compost with the production of bio-gas.In this process waste-to-

energy, materials allow the recovery of the valuable energy present in

the wastes to produce heat and electricity. (Jose A. Ordonez II, 2003)

The problem of waste management is a national concern. The

habit of proper disposal of waste has still to be inculcated among the

people especially those inhabiting the fringes of the shores, esteros,

lakes and estuaries.

Community participation is important because it provides the

commitment from the communities themselves. Community

15
participation as an approach can eventually provide project

effectiveness, efficiency and empowerment. Although sustainable

community participation and management alone cannot guarantee

success, it can play a vital role in creating both an effective and

efficient water and/or sanitation project. (Dr Mariel Sinel,2006 ).

Last January, the Education Secretary Jesli Lapus said that the

department will boost environmental awareness programs in the

curriculum of elementary and secondary students of public schools this

school year. This is to integrate lessons about pollution prevention,

waste management, and environmental protection. This will encourage

the minds and heart of the students, and through them, their parents

and friends, will know the importance of their duty towards achieving

and maintaining a healthy and balanced ecosystem in Manila Bay and

the entire Philippine archipelago.

RELATED STUDIES

Foreign

Various studies are done about waste management. Clairvair O.

Squires made a research study about “Public Participation in Solid

Waste Management in Small Island Developing States”, (2006).This

study focused on the participation of people from the Caribbean that

16
highlights the role of an effective public participation process on waste

management. The research is based on determining the consistent

application of appropriate public participation plans which may assist in

enhancing the efficiency on waste management. The study

investigated the factors of lacking formal procedures and guidelines for

the public participation and how this contributes to the problem on

Solid Waste Management.

In the present study, the researchers will focus on the residents

of Barangay Santisima Cruz, Sta. Cruz, Laguna, regarding their

community involvement on waste management scheme. The research

will be based on the participation or involvement of the community,

however, the study also focuses on the common problems

encountered and the methods used by the community regarding waste

management scheme. The study will also investigate on the significant

relationship of the level of awareness and involvement of the

community that will be then a basis for an action plan to be

implemented in the community.

Cai et al., (2008) stated that in their study “Development of a

community-based participatory network for integrated solid waste

management”, that the existing waste management practices can

hardly let all key stakeholders be involved in an integrated solid waste

17
management system. This results in lack of encouragement for

research centers to develop innovative technologies and enterprises to

improve service quality due to the current institutional framework.

In the current study, the researchers will also find out how the

community integrates in the solid waste management of the residents

of Barangay Santisima Cruz Sta. Cruz, Laguna. Upon determining the

problems that will be encountered an action plan will be made for the

implementation in the said community.

According to the study of Richardson, (2003), “Community-

Based Solid Waste Management Systems in Hanoi, Vietnam” that solid

waste management is a complex task which depends on the

organization and cooperation between households, communities,

private enterprises and government as it does upon recycling and

disposal. The conventional view is that either private or public

management is the most efficient system, irrespective of the nature of

the resource, or the socioeconomic condition of the people.

In the present study, the researchers will be focusing mainly on

the community of Barangay Santisima Cruz, Sta. Cruz, Laguna and will

try to identify the factors that can affect their involvement on the

waste management scheme.

18
Local

Gaac et al., (2008) stated in their study,” Solid Waste

Management in the Philippines: A Small Island Experience” that due to

urbanization and industrialization across the country, waste

management has become a national issue. The researchers mentioned

that both private and public management should act on maintaining an

efficient waste management regardless of the socio economic

conditions. They said that community involvement is possible as long

as policies implemented are follows.

In the present study, the researcher would like to find out if the

study of Gaac et al. is true. Hence, they want to know if urbanization

and industrialization is a factor that contributes to the community

involvement of residents of Barangay Santisima Cruz, Sta.Cruz,

Laguna. And also, if the policies implemented have an impact on the

people to get them involve in waste management scheme.

19
 According to the study of Cabatbat, (2003) “A breakthrough in

solid waste management through participation and community

mobilization: The experience of Los Baños Laguna” the community and

its representatives have a direct interest in waste management, as

residents, service users and tax payers. Communities in the low-

income areas generally receive marginal or no services in terms of

public transport, electricity, drinking water, sanitation, drainage, and

also of waste removal. These communities will sometimes take the

initiative to organize themselves into Community Based Organizations

(CBOs), with the direct goal of self-help and improving their living

conditions.

This study is related with the present study because the study

mainly focuses on communities with low income that organize

themselves to improve their living conditions. These factors are

common to the researchers study. Based on the result of the survey,

common problems will be determined and an action plan will be made

to improve their condition.

20
 CHAPTER III

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH DESIGN

A descriptive method of research was used in this study to

gather data the needed to answer the problems stated in Chapter 1.

The descriptive method of research comprises all the studies intended

to impart information about the existing condition which one may wish

to study.

Specifically, the research made use of the descriptive survey

method. This method was used to collect a relatively limited data from

a relatively large number of subjects that have a main purpose on the

description of the phenomena. In order to achieve sufficient survey, a

questionnaire was thoroughly evaluated.

POPULATION AND SAMPLING

21
 The questionnaire was distributed to 60 residents of Barangay

Santisima Cruz, Sta. Cruz Laguna. Sampling was used in the selection

of the samples.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

A questionnaire was considered to obtain answers pertaining to

the community involvement on waste management of the residents of

Barangay Santisima Cruz, Sta. Cruz, Laguna.

The data from the instruments became the basis in identifying

the factors that may or may not affect the community involvement on

waste management of the residents of Barangay Santisima Cruz, Sta.

Cruz, Laguna.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURES

The researchers made a letter addressed to the Barangay

Chairman of Barangay Santisima Cruz, Sta. Cruz, Laguna before going

into the process of distributing the research instruments. The

questionnaires was prepared in English but then translated to Filipino

for a much better understanding. To ensure cooperation and

22
understanding of the items given in the research tools, the researchers

provided a short background on why the study was conducted. The

questionnaires were given personally and the respondents were asked

to answer right away. In some circumstances that the respondents

were busy the questionnaires were given for him /her to answer and

were collected as soon as possible.

STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA

In answering the specific questions in this study, the following

statistical techniques were employed:

1. For all the problems, we used percentage.

The formula is:

P = _f_ x 100

Where:

P = percentage

f = frequency of response

N = total no. of respondents

23
 CHAPTER IV

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the data and information gathered in

response to the statement of the problems stated in Chapter I. They

are analyzed and interpreted.

TABLE 1

The common wastes found in your community`

Kind of Waste Frequency Percentage Ranking

1.1 Animal Waste 58 96.67 2

1.1.1 Dog Feces 47 78.33 1

1.1.2 Cat Feces 6 10 2

1.1.3 Pig Feces 0 0 5

1.1.4 Chicken and Duck 5 8.33 3

1.1.5 Others/ None 2 3.33 4

24
1.2. Solid Waste 59 98.33 1

1.2.1 Materials made of 33 55 1

plastic

1.2.2 Materials made of 17 28.33 2

paper

1.2.3 Materials made of 4 6.67 4

glass

1.2.4 Materials made of 5 8.33 3

tin cans

1.2.5 Others/None 1 1.67 5

1.3. Human Waste 45 75 3

1.3.1 Feces 2 3.33 3

1.3.2 Urine 13 21.67 2

1.3.3 Others/None 45 75 1

Table 1 shows that majority of the respondents identified solid

wastes to be the most common waste found in their community with a

percentage of 98.33%. Under the solid wastes, the wastes made of

plastic ranked first with a 55 % rate. In animal wastes, dog feces got a

78.33 % rate and were ranked first. While in Human waste, 75% of

the respondents said that they have no human waste found in the

surrounding of the community.

Cheremisinoff (2003), defined waste as "any substance or object

the holder discards, intends to discard or is required to discard”. In the

25
Barangay Santisima Cruz, those three kinds of waste listed above are

the most common waste found in the area.

TABLE 2

The barangay ordinances and scheme regarding waste

management

Barangay Ordinances And Frequency Percentage Ranking

Scheme

2.1 Kind of waste

management scheme

2.1.1 Segregation and 15 25 2

recycling
2.1.2 Composting 2 3.33 3

2.1.3 Open Dumping 0 0 4

2.1.4 Burning 0 0 4

2.1.5 Collected by garbage 60 100 1

collector
2.2 Penalty given

2.2.1 Fine 24 40 2

2.2.2 Render Community 0 0 3

Service
2.2.3 None 36 60 1

2.3 Kind of material used

to stock waste

26
 2.3.1 Plastic bag or 38 63.33 1

container

2.3.2 Box made of paper 0 0 4

2.3.3 Trash cans 4 6.67 3

2.3.4 Sack’s of a rice 18 30 2

2.4 A place for waste to

be collected

2.4.1 Outside my house 43 71.67 1

2.4.2 Just hang it on the 11 18.33 2

gate
2.4.3 In a designated place 2 3.33 4

2.4.4 Anywhere 4 6.67 3

2.5 Schedule of waste

collection

2.5.1 Everyday 2 3.33 4

2.5.2 Twice a week 18 30 2

2.5.3 Three times a week 35 58.33 1

2.5.4 Five Times a week 5 8.33 3

2.5.5 Six Times a week 0 0 5

2.6 Time of garbage

collection

2.6.1 In the morning 45 75 1

2.6.2 In the afternoon 10 16.67 2

2.6.3 Anytime of the day 5 8.33 3

27
 Table above shows that their garbage is collected and 25% of

the respondents segregate and recycle, while 3.33% do composting.

Most of the respondents do not know if there is any penalty given to

those who do not follow proper waste management in their community

since most of them follow the rules. At the same time, 63.33% of the

respondents used plastic bag or containers to stock their waste that is

to be collected, in the morning, three times a week.

Community participation is important because it provides

the commitment from the communities themselves. Community

participation as an approach can eventually provide project

effectiveness, efficiency and empowerment. Although sustainable

community participation and management alone cannot guarantee

success, it can play a vital role in creating both an effective and

efficient water and/or sanitation project. (Dr Mariel Sinel,2006 )

TABLE 3

The common methods used by the community in waste

management/disposal

Methods of waste Frequency Percentage Ranking

management

3.1 Segregating 55

3.1.1 Yes 55 91.67 1

28
 3.1.2 No 5 8.33 2

3.2 Recycling 43

3.2.1 Yes 43 71.67 1

3.2.2 No 17 28.33 2

3.3 Dumping 0

3.3.1 Yes 0 0 2

3.3.2 No 60 100 1

3.4 Composting 2

3.4.1 Yes 2 3.33 2

3.4.2 No 58 96.67 1

3.5 Collected 60

3.5.1 Yes 60 100 1

3.5.2 No 0 0 2

Table 3 shows that collection of garbage is the number 1 method

used in waste management. While 55 of the respondents segregate

and 45 of those recycle.

According to Zerbock (2003), “in most urban areas, garbage is

collected either by a government agency or private contractor, and

this constitutes as a basic and expected government function in most

developing countries”.

TABLE 4

29
The common problems encountered in the community because

of poor waste management.

Common Problems Frequency Percentage Ranking

4.1 Diseases 27 45 1

4.1.1 Amoebiasis 2 7.40 3

4.1.2 Dengue 8 29.63 2

4.1.3 Diarrhea 15 55.56 1

4.1.4 Leptospirosis 0 0 4

4.1.5 Malaria 2 7.40 3

4.1.6 Others 0 0 4

4.2 Pollution 10 16.67 4

4.2.1 Air 1 10 3

4.2.2 Water 2 20 2

4.2.3 Land 7 70 1

4.3 Breeding sites of 18 30 2

insects

4.3.1 Cockroach 2 11.11 4

4.3.2 Flies 6 33.33 1

4.3.3 Mosquito 3 16.67 3

4.3.4 Mouse 3 16.67 3

4.3.5 Others ( Ants) 5 27.78 2

4.5 Flooding 5 8.33 3

4.5.1 Destruction of 2 40 2

establishments/houses
4.5.2 Cause outbreaks of 3 60 1

30
diseases

Table 4 shows that 27 of the respondents or 45 %, believed that

diseases are the common problem encountered because of poor waste

management. And only 8.33% said that improper waste disposal will

result to flooding.

According to Ramachandra (2006), “Some of the government

often lack information about the risk waste pose to people and to the

environment. Wastes are not managed in a manner which will protect

human health and the environment against the adverse effects.” This

proved our findings that the residents of the Barangay Santisima Cruz,

knew the risk it will bring to them when they will manage their waste

improperly. Good governance and a well informed community unites

them to follow such rules related to waste management.

31
 CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter states the summary and presents the findings and

conclusions. It also gives series of recommendations were Barangay

Santisima Cruz and other near by barangay of Sta. Cruz, Laguna can

be benefited from.

SUMMARY

This chapter tried to determine the Community Involvement on

Waste Management Scheme of Barangay Santicima Cruz Sta. Cruz

Laguna. The study was conducted through the use of descriptive

survey method comprised of 60 respondents. The residents were given

questionnaires to obtain the needed information.

The data were gathered and collected then they were tabulated,

analyzed, and interpreted. The Percentage was used in order to

answer the following questions below which more raised in Chapter I.

32
 1. What are the common wastes found in the community?

a. Animal Waste

b. Human Waste

c. Solid Waste

1. What are the barangay ordinances and scheme regarding waste

management?

2. What are the common methods used by the community in waste

management/ disposal?

3. What are the common problems encountered in the community

because of poor waste management?

Significant Findings

Below are the presented significant findings of these research

entitled “Community Involvement on Waste Management Scheme of

Barangay Santisima Cruz, Sta. Cruz, Laguna””

1.1) The percentage of the common animal waste found in the

community.

1.1.1) Dog Feces

According to the percentage computation dog feces

has the highest percentage which is 78.33% and it rank

fist among the choices. Therefore dog feces are the most

common animal waste that is found in the community.

33
 1.1.2) Cat Feces

The result of the percentage computation of the

different animal waste that is found in the community, cat

feces got 10%.

1.1.3) Pig Feces

0% among the percentage computation of the

different animal waste that is found in the community is

pig feces therefore there are no pig.

1.1.4) Chicken and Duck Feces

From the percentage computation 8.33% of the

animal of the animal waste that is found in the community

are chicken and duck feces.

1.1.5) Others or None

Among the list of different animal feces 3.33% from

the computation are those animals not listed from the

given choices.

34
1.2) The percentage computation of common solid waste found in the

community:

1.2.1) Materials made of Plastic

Since materials made from plastic ranked 1st, it has a

percentage computation of 55% making it the most

abundant solid waste that is found in the community.

1.2.2) Materials made of Paper

The percentage computation of the different solid

waste that is found in the community 28.33% of which are

materials made of paper.

1.2.3) Materials made of Glass

Based from the survey that we have conducted

6.67%of the different solid waste that we have identified

are these materials made of glass.

1.2.4) Materials made of tin cans

As noted by the researchers 8.33% among the

enumerated types of solid waste are those materials made

from tin cans.

1.2.5) Others or None

35
 1.67 of which are those solid waste not mentioned

from the list.

1.3) Percentage computation of human waste that is found in the

community.

1.3.1) Human Feces

The least common feces that is found in the

community are human feces with a percentage

computation of 3.33%. this percent shows that the

residents from the community are aware of good

sanitation.

1.3.2) Urine

A percentage of 21.67% among the human waste

that we have identified are human urine. A low percentage

of urine found in the community indicates the awareness of

the residents on proper waste management.

1.3.3) Others or None

A high percentage of 75% of which shows that there

are no human waste seen on the community.

36
2.1) The percentage computation of the kind of waste management

scheme.

2.1.1) Segregation and Recycling

Segregation and recycling has a percentage

computation of 25% making of the 2nd most used method

of waste management by the residents.

2.1.2) Composting

Based from the percentage computation of 3.33%,

composting is the 3rd known waste management scheme

as use by the residents.

2.1.3) Open Dumping

Among the listed choices of the different methods of

waste management scheme 0% of which is open dumping.

2.1.4) Burning

Also the same as open dumping, burning also got

0% which indicates that no residents of the community is

practicing it as their way of waste management.

2.1.5) Collected by Garbage Collectors

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 A 71.67%, the highest percentage distribution

among the methods used by the residence is through the

garbage collectors. This indicates that among the chosen

population management of the residents is aware with this

method of waste management.

2.2) Penalty Given

2.2.1) Fine

Those also will be caught in abiding the barangay

ordinances on waste management scheme 40% of the

residence are aware of the fine as the penalty for these

offenses.

2.2.2) Render Community Service

All of the chosen population says that they do not

know that one of the penalties is finding community

service that’s why it gained 0%.

2.2.3) None

60% of the residents says that no/none among the

choices given are the penalty for abiding the law and

ordinances on waste management scheme.

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2.3) The percentage computation of the kind of materials use to keep

the waste.

2.3.1) Plastic or Bag Container

The highest percentage score for the different kind of

materials used to keep their waste is with the use of

plastic or bag container. It has 63.33% as shown in the

percentage distribution.

2.3.2) Box made of Paper

Among the chosen population 0% say that they use

box made of paper as storage of their waste.

2.3.3) Trash Cans

In the computation of the percentage distribution on

the kind of materials use to keep their waste using trash

cans got 6.67%. this shows that there is a low number of

residents who uses trash cans as a storage of their waste.

2.3.4) Sack’s of rice

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 Being the 2nd most used kind of material as a

container for waste, 30% of the residents says that they

use sacks of rice.

2.4) the percentage computation of the place for waste to be collected

2.4.1) Outside my House

Most of the residents say that they put their waste to

be collected outside their house as evidenced by the percentage

computation of 71.67%.

2.4.2) Just hang it on the gate

Hanging it on the gate is the practice of 18.33%of

the residents as the place for waste to be collected.

2.4.3) In a designated places

Only few among the chosen population which is

3.33% says that they have designated places for waste to

be collected.

2.4.4) Anywhere

A percentage of 3.67 of the chosen population says

that they put their uncollected waste anywhere.

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2.5) The percentage computation of the schedule routine for garbage

collection.

2.5.1) Everyday

Based on 3.33% of the percentage computation says

that their garbage is being collected everyday.

2.5.2) Twice a week

A percentage of 30% among the total chosen

population says that their garbage is being collected twice

a week.

2.5.3) Three times a week

Many among chosen population of 30% says that the

garbage collecting is done three times a week.

2.5.4) Five times a week

According to the percentage computation of the

scheduled routine for garbage collection 8.33% of the

residents says that their garbage is being collected three

times a week.

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 2.5.5) Six times a week

None among of the chosen group of people says that

the collection of garbage is done six times a week that’s

why it gained 0%.

2.6) The percentage computation of the time of garbage collection.

2.6.1) In the morning

Majority of the surveyed residents says that garbage

collection is done every morning thus it gained 75%.

2.6.2) In the afternoon

Among the said number of surveyed residents says

16.67% says the collection of garbage is done every

afternoon.

2.6.3) Anytime of the Day

The small percentage of 8.33% says that their

garbage’s collected any time of the day. This indicates that

only few among the residents are not aware of the right

time of collection.

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3) The percentage computation of the common waste management

method that is used by the community:

3.1) Segregating

Most of the interviewed residents which is 91.67%

stated that they do segregate their garbage. On the other

hand an 8.33% of the residents stated that they do not

perform segregation.

3.2) Recycling

71.67% of the interviewed residents mentioned that

they recycled that garbage’s that can still be used while

28.33 of them say that they do not recycle garbage’s.

3.3) Dumping

Having a zero percentages, no one among chosen

residents has stated the use of dumping as their way of

waste management.

3.4) Composting

A very low percentage of 3.33% versus 96.6% of the

population are using composting as one of their waste

management scheme.

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 3.5) Collected

All of the residents, meaning 100% are participating

in the use of collected garbage as their means of waste

management.

4) The percentage computation of the common problems encountered

by the community because of poor waste management.

4.1) Diseases

Garnering a 45%, which is the highest among four

listed problems encountered by the community, disease

are the most likely to occur if there is a poor waste

management.

4.1.1) Amoebiasis

Amoebiasis with a 7.40% is one of the least to occur

diseases as stated by the residents.

4.1.2) Dengue

Though there is a 29.63% from the total population,

dengue would still be likely to occur if proper waste

management is not implemented.

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4.1.3) Diarrhea

Ranking 1st among the enumerated choices with

55.56%. Diarrhea is the most well known disease that

would occur if there is poor management scheme.

4.1.4) Leptospirosis

Leptospirosis is the least known disease to occur that

is why it has a zero percentage.

4.1.5) Others

Aside from the enumerated disease the residents did

not anymore enumerated other diseases that is why it has

a zero percent.

4.2) Pollution

16.67% of the interviewed residents stated

that pollution will occur if there no proper waste

management scheme.

4.2.1) Air

From the interviewed population 10% of which

are in favor of air pollutions will occur among the

listed pollutants.

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 4.2.2) Water

Earning 20%, water pollution as shown in our

survey would likely to occur in communities of poor

waste management.

4.2.3) Land

Land pollution with 70% of the computed

percentage would be the first pollutants to have if

waste are not properly dispose.

4.3) Breeding sites for Insects

One of the common problems that will occur if

garbage’s are not properly thrown is the growth for

the breeding sites of insects as proved by 30%

rating.

4.3.1) Cockroach

From the identified different kinds of insects,

cockroaches as 11.11% are being the least kind

insect to breed on garbage.

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 4.3.2) Flies

Flies are the most common insect to breed on

garbage’s based from the computation of 33.33%.

4.3.3) Mosquitoes

As stated by the residents 16.67% of which

says that mosquitoes will increase in number if there

is poor waste management in the community.

4.3.4) Mouse

Low percentage of 16.67% says that the

growth of mouse population is due to rubbish

dumping of garbage.

4.3.5) Others (Ants)

Aside from the listed insects 27.78% of the

respondents say that it will also a breeding ground

for ants.

4.4) Flooding

Only 8.33% of our respondents have agreed that flood is

one of the common problems that will arise if there is poor waste

management in their community.

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4.5.1) Destruction of establishment or houses.

The computed percentage of the respondents

who stated that the destruction of their

establishments and houses are common problem

when flood occurs is 40%.

4.5.2) Cause outbreak of disease

A majority of 60% of our respondents has

agreed that the occurrence of flood can cause the

outbreak of disease therefore most of our

respondents are aware of the possible danger to

their health because of floods.

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CONCLUSION

Sub-Problem 1

The Common Waste found in your Community

1.1 Animal Waste

As evidenced by the data that we have gathered

from over respondents pigs are the only animal that is

found in their community. These shows that no residents

of the community is raising pigs for their livelihood. We

also found out that among the common domesticated

animals that we have enumerated dog feces are the most

abundant compared to the feces of cat, chicken and duck.

1.2 Solid Wastes

Based from the different solid waste that has been

identified, majority of our respondent uses materials made

of plastic making it the most abundant solid waste seen in

the community. Most materials made from papers, tin

cans, and glass is mostly recyclable as stated by our

respondents. Only few from the plastic materials are being

recycled that’s why this is one of the reasons why there

are a growing number of plastic wastes.

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 1.3 Human Waste

As shown in our table there is a high percentage that

no human body waste is found in their community. This is

good indicator that most of residents of the community

have proper sanitation. Therefore, from the statements of

our respondents only human urine is the most common

human waste that is seen in their community.

Sub-Problem 2

The Barangay Ordinances and Scheme regarding Waste

Management

2.1 Kind of Waste Management Scheme

One of the kinds of waste management scheme that

we enumerated is collected by garbage collector and it is

most frequently used according to our respondents.

Burning and open dumping is verbalized by our

respondents is not anymore being practiced in their

community as their way of waste disposal.

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2.2. Penalty given

Most of the residents of the community that we have

interviewed are not aware of the different

penalty/punishment given for those who will be caught in

abiding the law. Although they are not aware, as we have

observed in the community majority of the residents are

participating in the cleanliness of their environment.

2.3. Kind of Materials use to stock waste

The very common materials that the residents of the

community use plastic bags and plastic container as a

means of storing their garbage. They recycled used plastic

bags. This is one way of were the respondents recycled

plastic bags.

2.4. A place for waste to be collected

A place for waste to be collected is the place that we

use to refer where those garbage/segregated garbage are

place before the collector gets them. As verbalized by our

respondents most of them put it outside their homes

assuring that is properly close and dog/cat can loiter their

garbage.

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Sub-Problem 3

The common methods used by the community in waste

management/disposal

3.1. Segregating

Most of our respondents mentioned that they do

segregation because there is a scheduled collection for the

bio-degradable and non-biodegradable waste

management.

3.2. Recycling

Through the verbalization of our respondents we

have concluded that most of term recycling of waste by

selling plastic and tin can materials.

3.3. Dumping

We have concluded that from the gathered

respondents none of them is practicing dumping. Majority

of our respondents are aware of the way of disadvantages

of having a dirty environment. That is they don’t want

having that kind of community.

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 3.4. Composting

Composting is the least method of waste disposal

that is practiced in a few numbers of communities. Hence,

we have concluded that most of our respondents are not

aware of this kind of waste disposal. On the other hand,

some of our respondents stated that they only have little

waste that can be composted. We also find out that

composting is very seldom being practiced in the

community because they don’t have a place where they

can be buried their waste materials.

Sub-Problem 4

The common problems encountered in the community because

of poor waste management scheme.

4.1 Diseases

We have find out that most of our respondents are

afraid of being sick to avoid the occurrence of different

diseases in their community the most common prevention

that they do is to maintain their surroundings clean.

Among the different disease that we have mentioned

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 according to our respondents leptospirosis, amoebiasis,

and malaria are less likely to occur. These scenarios based

from the data that have gathered. We also find out that

these 3 diseases do no occur frequently in their

community. Diarrhea being the most likely to occur is also

the most frequent disease that occur in the community as

noted by our respondents.

4.2 Pollution

Based from our study and gathered information, land

pollution is the first type of pollution that will occur if there

is no proper waste management. Aside from that, we have

also concluded that the community we have chosen has a

low rate of land pollution, water pollution and air pollution.

4.3. Breeding ground for insects

As stated by our respondents are have concluded

that flies are the number one insects that grows in number

together with the growing volume of garbage and

cockroach are once less to be seen.

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 4.4. Flooding

From the opinions of our respondents they are more

afraid in the spread of diseases during the flood that they

have experienced rather than thinking of the damage it

through their establishments and houses. This instances

greatly show that our respondents plays a great value

towards the health if their family members.

RECOMMENDATIONS

As we conducted our study on community involvement on waste

management scheme of Barangay Santisima Cruz, Santa Cruz,

Laguna. We have formulated the following recommendations for the

benefit of the residents and the community as well.

1. For the Local Government

We suggest that they must conduct seminars for the

different barangay on waste management. They should allocate a

certain amount of funds for the education of proper waste

management.

2. For the barangay officials of Barangay Santisima Cruz

a. They should raise a project in giving importance in the

widening of their drainage systems.

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 b. They establish a particular place designated for

waste/garbage’s that it would be easier for the garbage

collectors to collect garbage’s especially these places

where garbage truck cannot go in.

c. They should inform the residents about the different

barangay ordinances on waste management through public

hearings and distributions of the ordinances to all

households.

d. They must also encourage their residents to avoid the use

of disposable plastic materials to lessen its amount.

e. It will also be effective if they will assigned trash cans with

color coding for the biodegradable and non-biodegradable

waste.

f. If possible they can put large amount of money for the

penalty for those who will be caught abiding the law.

3. For the Barangay Health Workers

a. For they are the barangay health workers, they should be

the one responsible for making the community aware of

the different health problems that may arise is proper

waste management is not implemented.

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 b. They should be closely looking on the possible health

threat that will occur even though their community has a

clean surrounding.

c. Since BHW are knowledgeable on the possible health

threats that may occur, they can also assess on the

different methods of waste management practiced by the

residents that can give harm to the environment for health

of the residents.

4. For the DOH

Since the have the power and funds to launch health

programs on TV, radio, and newspapers, we think that there

is the best time on launching health program where proper

waste management is the topic.

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