Basics of Control Systems

1. Tachometer feedback in a d.c. position control system enhances stability

(T/F)
[GATE 1994: 1 Mark]
Soln. The tachometer feedback is a derivative feedback. Thus it adds zero at
origin. Hence stability is improved

2. The transfer function of a linear system is the

(a) ratio of the output, V0(t) and input Vi(t).
(b) ratio of the derivatives of the output and the input.
(c) ratio of the Laplace transform of the output and that of the input with
all initial conditions zeros.
(d) none of these
[GATE 1995: 1 Mark]
Soln. The transfer function of a linear system is the ratio of Laplace transform
of the output and input with all initial conditions zero
Option (c)

3. The transfer function of at tachometer is of the form

(a) Ks (c) K/(S+1)
(b) K/s (d) K/S(s+1)
[GATE 1998: 1 Mark]
Soln. The transfer function of a tachometer is of the form ks, it adds zero at the
origin
Option (a)

4. An electrical system and its signal-flow graph representations as shown in

the figure (a) and (b) respectively. The values of G2 and H respectively,
are
 H

3 () 3 ()
(a) ,
2 ()+3 (3)+4 () 1 ()+3 ()

3 () 3 ()
(b) ,
2 ()3 (3)+4 () 1 ()+3 ()

3 () 3 ()
(c) ,
2 ()+3 (3)+4 () 1 ()+3 ()

3 () 3 ()
(d) ,
2 ()3 (3)+4 () 1 ()+3 ()

[GATE 2001: 2 Marks]

Soln. The values of G2 and H ?
1 () = 1 ()[1 () + 3 ()] 2 () 3 (3)

1 () 2 ()3 ()
= 1 () ()
1 () + 3 () 1 () + 3 (3)
: [2 () 1 ()] 3 () + 2 () [2 () + 4 ()] = 0
 2 ()[2 () + 3 () + 4 ()] = 1 () 3 ()

2 () 3 ()
2 = = ()
1 () 2 () + 3 () + 4 ()

1 1 () + 2 () () = 1 ()
1 1 () = 1 () 2 () ()
Comparing with ---------(I)

1 3 ()
1 () = , () =
1 () + 3 () 1 () + 3 ()
Option (c)

5. The open-loop DC gain of a unity negative feedback system with closed-

loop transfer
+4
Function is
2 +7+13
(a) 4/13 (c) 4
(b) 4/9 (d) 13
[GATE 2001: 2 Marks]
Soln. Closed loop transfer function
()
=
1 + ()()

() +4
= 2
1 + () () + 7 + 13

1 + () () 2 + 7 + 13
=
() +4
() = 1

1 +4
= 2 1
() + 7 + 13
 2 + 6 + 9
=
+4

+4
() =
2 + 6 + 9
for DC, s = 0

4
() =
9
Option (b)
2
6. A system described by the following differential equation +3 +
2
2 = () is initially at rest. For input () = 2(), the output y(t) is
(a) (1 2 + 2 )()
(b) (1 + 2 2 2 )()
(c) (0.5 + + 1.5 2 )()
(d) (0.5 + 2 + 2 2 )()
[GATE 2004: 2 Marks]
Soln.
2 3
+ + 2 = ()
2
() = 2()
Taking Laplace Transform
2 () + 3 () + 2() = ()

2
( 2 + 3 + 2) () =

2 1 1 2
() = = + + = +
( + 2)( + 1) + 2 + 1 + 2 + 1
() = [1 + 2 2 ]()
Option (a)
 7. In the system shown below, () = (sin )(). In steady-state, the
response () will be

1 1
(a) ( ) (c) sin
2 4 2

(b)
1
( + )
(d) sin cos
2 4
[GATE 2006: 1 Mark]
Soln.

() = sin ()
= 1 /
() = () ()
() = () ()
1
() =
+1
1 1
() = = 1 450 = 1 /
+1 2

() = sin ()
1
() = sin ( )
2 4

Option (a)

8. The unit-step response of a system starting from rest is given by

() = 1 2 for 0
The transfer function of the system is
1 1
(a) (c)
1+2 2+
2 2
(b) (d)
2+ 1+2
[GATE 2006: 2 Marks]
Soln. The unit step response of a system starting from rest
() = 1 2 for 0

1 1
() =
+2

2
=
( + 2)
1
=

() = ()

1 2
() =
( + 2)

2
() =
( + 2) 1

2
=
+2
Option (b)

10. The unit impulse response of a system is () = , 0

For this system, the steady-state value of the output for unit step input is
equal to
(a) 1 (c) 1
(b) 0 (d)
[GATE 2006: 2 Marks]
Soln. The unit impulse response of a system is () = , 0
The steady state value of the output for unit step input
1
() =
+1
1
() =

 Output () = () ()
1
=
(+1)
1 1
() =
+1

() = (1 )
When ( ), = 1
Option (c)

11. A linear, time-invariant, causal continuous time system has a rational

transfer function with simple poles at s = -2 and s = -4, and one simple
zero at s = -1. A unit step u(t) is applied at the input of the system. At
steady state, the output has constant value of 1.
The impulse response of this system is
(a) [(2) + exp(4)] ()
(b) [4 exp(2) + 12 exp(4) exp()]()
(c) [4 exp(2) + 12 exp(4)]()
(d) [0.5 exp(2) + 1.5 exp(4)]()
[GATE 2008: 2 Marks]
Soln. Transfer function

(+1)
() = (+2)(+4)
1
Input ( ) =

Output () = () ()
lim () = lim () = 1
0
(+1)
lim () = 1 , () =
0 (+2)(+4)
(+1)
lim =1
0 (+2)(+4)

=1
8

=8
8(+1)
() = (+2)(+4)
4 12
= (+2) +
(+4)

() = (4 2 + 12 4 )
which is the impulse response of the system
Option (c)
()
12. A system with the transfer function = has an output () =
() +

cos (2 ) for the input signal () = cos (2 ). Then, the system
3 2
parameter p is
(a) 3 (c) 1
2 3
(b) (d)
3 2
[GATE 2010: 1 Mark]
Soln.

()
= = , = 900 1
() + +

() = cos (2 ) = 2 /
3

() = cos (2 )
2
Phase difference between input and output

= ( )
3 2

=
2 3

90 60 = 300

For the transfer function = 900 1


90 1 = 300


1 = 60

2
1 = 600

2 3
=
1

2
= Option (c)
3