ENGLISH TRAINING GRAMMAR, VOCABULARY AND WRITTEN TASKS

TOPIC: SPEAKING

1. A Vowel Followed by a Single Consonant at the End of a Word Is Pronounced as a |1

Short Vowel

Words that conform to this rule are often some of the first that
students of English (as well as native speakers) learn to read. Pup
has cup. Man has ham. All of these words follow the short vowel +
consonant rule. You might see these words represented in this way. CVC.

2. 2A Vowel Followed by Two Consonants at the End of a Word Is Pronounced as a

Short Vowel

Words that conform to this rule may be single vowels followed by

a consonant blend (see below for an explanation of consonant
blends) or those that are followed by two distinct consonants. You
may see these types of words represented in this way. CVCC. Some
examples include the following: stops, want, hand, wish, and bark.

3. 3

If a Vowel Is the Final Letter in a Word, It Is Pronounced as a Long Vowel

A vowel at the end of a word may appear in a single syllable word

or a multisyllabic word. Either way, the pronunciation rule remains the
same. A final vowel at the end of a word is pronounced as a long vowel.
Some examples of single syllable words which follow this rule are go, pi,
lo, be, and he. Multiple syllable examples include ago and ego. You might
see these words represented like this CV.

4. 4

Student: ______________________________ Session:_________ Date: _________________ Score: _____%

 ENGLISH TRAINING GRAMMAR, VOCABULARY AND WRITTEN TASKS

TOPIC: SPEAKING

If an E Appears at the End of a Word, It Is Silent. The Preceding Vowel (Separated

from the E by One or More Consonants) Will Be Pronounced as a Long Vowel

Silent e is one of the first spelling rules children learn in school, | 2

and no wonder since it is so common in English. If you are teaching
phonics, you might have students underline or cross out the silent e and
mark the preceding vowel as long. You might see words which follow this
rule represented in this way: CVCe. You can find examples throughout the
English language, but some of them are hate, care, note, flute, bite, nice,
and ape.

5. 5

If Two Vowels Appear next to Each Other in One Syllable, the Second Vowel Is Silent
and the First Vowel Is Pronounced as a Long Vowel

We see vowel combinations all the time in English. A general rule as

to their pronunciation is to say the first vowel and ignore the second.
These vowel combinations come in all kinds of match ups. You might see
words which follow this rule represented this way: CVVC. English
examples include true, beat, train, leaf, and load.

Consider Rules for Pronouncing Consonants

1.One thing to keep in mind when discussing consonant pronunciation are
consonant blends. A consonant blend is two or more letters that are
pronounced as one sound in English. Some blends are clearly two sounds
which become one complex sound (for example bl in black, tr as in
atrophy). They often include the letters l, r, or s but not always. Other
blends are actually only one English sound which is spelled by using two
or more consonants. These sounds include sh (wish), ch (chair), tch
(watch) and others.

2. 6

Student: ______________________________ Session:_________ Date: _________________ Score: _____%

 ENGLISH TRAINING GRAMMAR, VOCABULARY AND WRITTEN TASKS

TOPIC: SPEAKING

If One Consonant Follows a Vowel in the Middle of a Word, It Is Pronounced as the

First Sound in the Next Syllable

Where a consonant is pronounced in a word does make a | 3

difference in a students pronunciation, particularly if they speak
slowly. Think about the difference between pap-er and pa-per. Clearly
the second is the correct pronunciation while the first sounds, at best,
strange, and at worst like a different word entirely. Other examples
include tele-phone (not teleph-one), la-bor (not lab-or), lo-cate (not loc-
ate) and pro-tect (not prot-ect).

3. 7

When Two Consonants Follow a Vowel in the Middle of a Word, One Consonant Is
Pronounced at the End of the First Syllable and the Other Is Pronounced at the
Beginning of the Next Vowel

Of course, consonant blends act as one consonant sound, but non-

blend neighboring consonants will follow this rule. When a
consonant is doubled in the middle of a word, it also follows this rule.
Some examples include sub-ject, tal-ly, ab-ject, top-ple, and haz-mat.

Source: http://busyteacher.org/21353-7-secret-pronunciation-rules.html,

Student: ______________________________ Session:_________ Date: _________________ Score: _____%