Dhunge Khola 40m Draft

Government of Nepal
Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport

DEPARTMENT OF ROADS
Road Sector Development Project
Foreign Cooperation Branch
Consulting Services
for
Feasibility Study and Detail Design for Construction of New
Bridges and
Design Review Bridges
DETAIL DESIGN OF BRIDGES

VOLUME III DESIGN CALCULATION
DHUNGRE KHOLA BRIDGE
Road
(Draft Report)
Submitted by:
M/s Full Bright Consultancy (Pvt.) Ltd.
Office Address:
Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal
Dhungre 40 m Double span
Name of the Bridge= Dhungre

Component of the Bridge= Abutement
Abutement Stem
1 Design Data
1.1. Materials and its Properties:

Concrete: = M25
Reinforcement: = Fe500
Basic Permissible Stresses of Concrete as per IRC : 21-2000:

Characteristics Strengthof Concrete fck = 25 MPa
Permissible direct compressive stress, sco = 8.3 Mpa
Permissible flexural compressive stress, sc = 8.33 Mpa
Maximum Permissible shear stress, tmax (0.07*fck) = 1.75 N/mm2
Basic Permissible Stresses of Reinforcing Bars as per IRC : 21-2000:

Permissible Flexural Tensile stress, sst = 240 N/mm2
Permissible direct compressive stress, sco = 205 N/mm2
Design of Data:
Modular Ratio m 11.20
Neutral axis depth factor, n = (msc)/( msc+sst) == 0.28
Lever arm factor, j = (1-n/3) = 0.907
Moment of resistance coefficient, R = x n x j x sc==
10850 1.057
Right Bank foundation on soil10850 = 0.000
Unit weight of materials as per IRC : 6-2000:

Concrete (cement-Reinforced) = 24 kN/m3
Macadam (binder premix) = 22 kN/m3
Water = 10.0 kN/m3
Backfill = 20 kN/m3
1.2. Geometrical Properties:

Effective Span of Bridge Deck = = 40.0 m
Total length of each Span = = 40.6 m
Angle of internal friction of backfill = = 34 degree
Approach slab
Length, L = 3.5 m
Width, B = 7.50 m
Depth, D = 0.3 m
Size of bearing
Length = 640 mm
Width = 400 mm
Thickness = 60 mm
Formation level of bridge = 176.480 m
Full Bright - Sub Structure

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Soffit Level = 173.480 m

Depth of superstructure = 3 m
Cap level = 173.220 m
Clearance above HFL = 1.200 m
High Flood Level, HFL = 172.020 m
Minimum Clearence level = 1.2 m
Lowest River Bed Level = 167.930 m
Mean scour depth from HFL = 7.59 m
RL of scour depth = 164.43 m
Bottom level of abutment = 167.930 m
Total height of abutment = 8.550 m
Maximum Scour level = 164.43 m
0.4 For.Lev 176.480
3
0.25
1.25 A6 A5A 0.5
A
A4
A7 A 0.6 soffit 173.480 3.26
A
1.5
0.7 0.06
A3
2.025 3.06
HFL=
A1 8.550 172.02
0.281
4.59
A2
0.669
3.198
A2 RL= 167.930
1.4 0.2
1.6
h1= 4.590 m b1 = 1.4 m
h2 = 4.590 m b2 = 0.2 m
h3 = 0.7 m b3 = 0.3 m
h4 = 3.06 m b4 = 0.4 m
h5 = 0.06 m b5 = 1.10 m
b6 = 0.6 m
b7 = 0.10 m
Distance between bearing center to edge of stopper =0.6 m
Stopper Base width = 0.400 m
Min. length of Abutement Shaft = = 11 m
Minimum Length of Foundation= = 11.7 m
Thickness of abutment top cap = = 0.7 m
Toe Projection = = m

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1.3. Calculation of weight and C.G. of the abutment stem
Elements Area, Weight Xi (m) Yi (m) AiXi AiYi

2 (kN)
Ai (m )
A1 6.43 1696.46 0.7 2.30 4.50 14.75
A2 0.459 121.18 1.5 1.53 0.69 0.70
A3 1.050 277.20 0.75 4.94 0.79 5.19
A4 1.200 316.80 0.2 6.82 0.24 8.18
A5 0.125 34.98 -0.125 6.34 -0.02 0.79
9.26 2446.62 3.03 21.93 6.20 29.61
C.G. of area from back of abutment, x = 0.669 m

C.G. of area from center of abutment, x = -0.131
CG of area from bottom of abutment, y = 3.198 m
Eccentricityof DL and LL from
=
superstructure acting through bearing ( e) 0.28 m
DL Moment about center of of abutement = 0 kN.m
1.4. Calculation of Loads and Moments

Due to Dead Load
Dead load from superstructure, = 4096.4 kN
Weight of bearings, expansion joint etc. = 102
Total dead load from superstructure on each abutment, PDL
= = 4198.4
Distance of bearing center from back of abutment = 1m
Eccentricity of DL & LL
from superstructure acting = 0.331 m
Moment due to DL of superstructure about CG of abutment= = 1389.67 kN.m
114 KN 114 KN 68KN 68KN 68KN 68KN
1200 4300 3000 3000 3000 26100
Ra Rb
40600
IRC Class A Loading

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Due to Live Load

Live to
Due load
IRCfrom superstructure:
Class A wheel
load, in longitudinal
direction,
Max. LL on abutment from right side 428.58 kN
Impact factor 1.1
Max LL including Impact, PLL 942.876 kN
Eccentricity 0.331 m
Moment due to eccentric loading 312.09 kNm
Due to Earth Pressure

From geotechnical report = 34
0
2

Coefficient of Active Earth Pressure Ka, cos 2 ( 1
Estimated based on Coulomb Earth K a Cos 2 cos( ) sin( ) sin( )
1/ 2

1 cos( ) cos( )
Pressure Theory

Ka= = 0.255
Unit weight of soil = 20 kN/m3

Static Earth Pressure/Horizontal force Ka= = 2666.5 KN
0 .5 s h 12 Ka * t
0 . 5 s = h 12 Ca * t
Total Dynamic Active Earth Pressure
=
ca= = 0.34
= 3555.34
Dynamic increase in soil pressure= = 888.834 KN
Point of aplication of Soil pressure=0.42*h = 4.095 m
Magnitude of surcharge, q = 1.2xgs = 24

=
Horizontal force due to surcharge = qxhxKa 50.49
=
Which acts at a distance from abutment base = h/2 4.875
=
Moment due to surcharge 246.139 kN-m
Weight of backfill behind the abutment resting on foundation = = 0
Moment due to earth pressure about abutment base( static +surcharge)11165.5 kN-m
Live load surcharge vertical Load =

Buyoncy Effect =
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Depth of Submerged Part = 4.090

Area of stem at top = 16.5
Area of stem at Bottom = 17.6
Area of stem at HFL = 17.6
Volume of Submerged Part = 71.98
Net Upward force due to Buyoancy=1/2 of =
volume 359.9
Due to Temperature Variation =
0
Maximum temperature variation, T = 30 C
o
Coefficient of thermal expansion, a = 1.17E-05 /m/ C
Strain due to temperature variation = 2.00E-04
Total Strain due to shrinkage = 5.51E-04
Horizontal Deformation of deck due to temperature & =
shrinkage affecting one abutment 7.02 mm
Shear Modulus of bearing material, G = 1.00 MPa
Depth of bearing = 60.00 mm
Strain in bearing = 0.156
Width of bearing Pad = 640mm
Width of bearing parrel to span = 400mm
Depth of bearing = 60.00mm
Number of Girders = 5No
2
Bearing Area = 256000 mm
Horizontal force due to strain in =
longitudinal direction at bearing level 149.76 KN
This force acts at the bearing level, i.e. at a =
distance from abutment base 5.350 m
Moment due to temperature variation = 801.21 Kn-m
Due to Braking Effect

Effect due to class A loading = 0.2xW = 200.00 kN
This acts at distance above deck level = 1.2 m
And at a distance from abutment base = 9.750 m
Moment due to braking about abutment base = 1950 kN.m
Seismic Force and Moments About C.G. of Abutement At Toe i.e. A
Description Total Horizontal Yi (m) Moment Remarks

Load Seismic Load (kn-m)
Magnitu (Kn)
Superstructure
4198.4 629.8 4.6 2928.4
DL
Abutment shaft 1696.5 254.5 2.3 584.0
A1
Abutment shaft 121.2 18.2 1.5 27.8
A2
Abutment shaft 277.2 41.6 4.9 205.4
A3
Abutment shaft 316.8 47.5 6.8 324.1
A4
Abutment shaft 35.0 5.2 6.3 33.3
A5
Approach slab 189.0 28.4 8.4 238.1

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Earth Pressure /
888.8 3.5 3079.8
Seismic
Total 6834.0 1913.9 7420.9
Summary
The summary ofof
Loads
loads and Moments
and moments are tabulated below. The transverse
forces and moments are not considered, since it would not be critical due to
high moment of inertia of abutment. Therefore stresses are checked in
longitudinal direction only.
Combination A: ( Deald Load+Live Load and nos seismic) Dry Case Non Seismic
Load Horizonta
Vertical Lever Moment
Description Coeffice Lever Arm l force
Force (kN) Arm (kN-m)
nt (kN)
Superstructure DL 1.00 4198.40 0.28 1179.75
LL including Impact 1.00
942.88 0.28 264.95
Self wt. of abutment 1.00
2446.62 -0.13 -320.51
Soil mass 1.00 2666.50 4.09 10919.33
Braking effect 1.00 200.00 9.75 1950.00
Frictional effect 1.00 149.76 5.35 801.22
Earth Pressure 1.00

Sub Total
Total 7587.90 3016.26 14794.74
Combination VI: ( Deald Load+Live Load + Temperature ) Dry Case Seismic

Load
Vertical Force Horizontal Lever Moment
Description Coefficen Lever Arm
(kN) force (kN) Arm (kN-m)
t
Superstructure DL 1.00
4198.40 0.28 1179.75
LL including 0.20
Impact 188.58 0.28 52.99
Self wt. of 1.00
abutment 2446.62 -0.13 -320.51
Soil mass 1.00 0.00 0.00 2666.50 4.09 10919.33
Braking effect 0.20 40.00 9.75 390.00
Live load 1.00
Surcharge 0.00 0.00 0.00
Additional
Seimsic forces
Super structure 1.00
419.84 0.28 629.76 4.59 3008.57
Abutement 1.00 244.66 -0.13 366.99 3.20 -32.05
Soil mass 0.00 0.00 888.83 4.09 3639.78
7498.10 4741.85 19639.08
Flooded Cases, Non Seismic ( Combination 1-a)

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Load Vertical Force Horizontal Lever Moment

Description Coefficen (kN) Lever Arm
force (kN) Arm (kN-m)
t
4198.4 0.28 1179.7504
LL including 1.00
Impact 942.88 0.28 264.94816
Self wt. of 1.00
abutment 2446.62 -0.13 -320.5072
Soil mass 1.00 0 0.00 2666.50 4.09 10919.33
Braking effect 1.00 200.00 9.75 1950
Live load
Surcharge 0.00 0.00 0
Buyoancy 1 -359.9
Abutement 1.00
Soil mass
7228.0 3016.3 14794.7
Flooded Cases, Seismic ( Combination VI-1-a)

Load
Vertical Force Horizontal Lever Moment
Description Coefficen Lever Arm
(kN) force (kN) Arm (kN-m)
t
4198.4 0.28 1179.7504
LL including 0.20
Impact 188.6 0.28 52.989631
Self wt. of 1.00
abutment 2446.6 -0.13 -320.5072
Soil mass 1.00 0.0 0.00 2666.50 4.09 10919.33
Braking effect 0.20 40.00 9.75 390
Live load 0.20
surcharge 0.00 0.00 0
Buyoancy 1.00 -359.9 0
Additional
Seimsic forces
419.84 0.28 629.76 4.59 3008.57
Abutement 1.00 244.66 -0.13 366.99 3.20 -32.05
Soil mass 0.00 0.00 888.83 4.09 3639.78
Buyoancy 1
Abutement 1.00
Soil mass
7138.2 4741.9 19639.1

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Summary of load Cases
Increment
Vertical factor for
Load Case Horizontal Moment Remarks
Force allowal
Force stresses **
Non- Seismic Dry Case
case A ( Com, I) 7587.90 3016.26 14794.74 1
Flooded
Cases ( 7228.0 3016.3 14794.7 1
Seismic Case B
Dry Case
( Com,
VI) 7498.10 4741.85 19639.08 1.5
Flooded
Cases (
Comb VI-
a) 7138.2 4741.9 19639.1 1.5
Max 7587.90 4741.85 19639.08
Note: IRC-6-2000,202.3 Table 1- abutement to be designed for the critical values of non-seismic cases and
checked for seismic cases
Design of abutment stem section

Abutment section will be designed for case A and the section adequacy will be checked for case B.
Design vertical load = 14794.74 kN
Design moment = 19639.08 kN-M
M = 1299.43 mm

Depth of section required = Rb
which is < 1600 mm -OK
Clear cover to reinforcement = = 80 mm

Effective depth provided = = 1520 mm
Area of steel required for tension, Ast = M

s st j =d 59377.1 mm2
bar giving
Provide 74 nos of 32 Ast= 59514.3
spacing @ 145.333 mm. Hence provide @ 145 mm c/c
AB2a 32@145c/c AB2 32@145 c/c 74
bar giving
Provide 74 nos of 20 Ast= 23247.8
spacing @ 145.333 mm. Hence provide @ 145 mm c/c
at front giving Area %= 20064 < 23247.79 Okay
Pt= 0.47595 % 74
AB1a 20@145c/c AB1 20@145c/c 74
Design horizontal force = = 4741.85 KN
Corresponding shear stress, tv = 0.28 N/mm2
Percentage area of tension steel, 100Ast/bd = = 0.34 %
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Shear strength increment factor = 1+5P/(Agxfck) = = 1.05388

Permissible shear strength of concrete, tc = 0.26 > tv
Check for shear at the bottom of the abutment cap.

Total horizontal force at the bottom of the cap = = 4741.85 KN
Depth of abutment = 1600 mm
Effective depth, d = 1520 mm
Corresponding shear stress, tv 0.27401 0.28 Ok
Tension reinforcement required at different level along the height of abutments.
At 2.3 m above base of abutement

Description Load KN Lever Arm Moment Remarks
DL of Superstructure 4198.40 0.3 1179.75

Live load (LL) 942.88 0.3 264.95
Breaking load 200.00 9.7 1950.00
Temperature load 149.76 5.3 801.22
Earth Pressure 0.0 2.499 0.00
Surcharge 50.49 4.875 246.14
Buyoancy 0
5541.53 4442.05
Overall depth of abutment = = 1600 mm

Effective depth of abutment = = 1520 mm
2
Area of tension reinforcement req. = = 13430.2 mm
Provide 37 nos of 32 bar @ 290 mm C/c spacing
32
Actual point of curtailment = = 4.092 m from basse of abutement
Lap of the reinforcement from curtailment = 1.792 m
Front side reinforcement
Provide 16 bar @ 135 mm c/c at front side of the abutment.
Check for stresses for case C

Bending Moment =
280 = 11.20
Modular Ratio, m = 3 s cbc =
m cbc = 0.28
Neutral axis factor, k= m cbc st
0.91
k
Lever arm factor, j = 1
3
Effective depth of slab, provided d= = 1520 mm

Neutral axis depth, n= k d = 425.6 mm
M
s st
A st (d n / 3)
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DhungreM 40 m Double span
s st
A st (d n / 3)
Horizontal force = = 4741.85 KN
Corresponding shear stress in concretre = = 0.28 <
Design of abutment cap:

=
Number of girders = 2 No
Vertical reaction due to Dead load, (PDL/2) from
Individual girder = 2099.2 KN
Live load including impact, PLL/4 = 471.44 KN
Total vertical reaction = 2570.64 KN
Bearing Size
L = 640 mm
B = 400 mm
Abutement Cap Depth D = 700 mm
Allowable Punching Stress v tau_p = ks(0.16*sqrt(fck))
Where, ks = the minimum of 1 and 0.5+bc = = 1.125
bc = B/L = 0.625 = 0.625
tau_p = 0.9 N/mm2
=
Total punching stress developed = tau_punch = V/Lo*D
Where Lo = perimeter around the critical plane = 2*(2D+L+B) = 4880 mm
Hence punching stress, tau_punch = 0.75 N/mm
which is 0.75 N/mm < 0.9 N/mm2 Ok
Hence provide additional reinforcement required. Provide nominal reinforcement.
Provide 12mm bars 200mm c/c along the lentgh of the cap
Provide 12mm bars 200mm c/c as stirrups around the cap
Provide 1layers of 6mm bar mesh beneath the bearings
L_mesh = 940 mm
B_mesh = 700 mm
12 bars @ 200mm c/c

AB5
1 layers of 6 mm bar mesh
AB6
12 bars @ 200mm c/c

AB5
16 bars @ 200mm c/c

AB5

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Design of Backwall:
o
Horizontal force due to earth0.5*s()2tan2(45
pressure -f/2) 7.8
Which acts at a distance from backwall base = 1.1592 m
Horizontal force due to surcharge = qh3-h2Ka 16.89
Which acts at a distance from backwall base = 1.38 m
Self weight of backwall /m width = 29.376 kN/m
Live load on back wall considering class A loading = 57 kN
This acts at a distance from backwall toe = 0.2 m
Moment due to earth pressure about backwall base 49.5806 kN.m/m

Moment due to self weight and LL 17.2752 kN.m/m
Total Moment = 66.8558 kN.m/m
325 mm
Effective depth of backwall
Area of steel required, Ast = 945.36
Provide 16 mm bars @ 200 mm c/c
giving area of steel, Ast = 1005.31
Provide 10 mm bar @ mm c/c as distribution bar. @ 200 mm c/c
Udl w
P P
Design of Approach Slab: C B
A
a b a
S
The approach slab is resting over the abutment and the other end supported by the soil underneath.
It should be designed on the basis of elastic base theory, which is complicated. Hence the
dimensions and reinforcement is provided as per the standard design practice.
Considering thickness of approach slab is 300 mm and length is 3.5 m

= 25.2 kN/m
Self weight of slab /m width 3.675 kN/m
Weight of pavement 28.875 kN/m
Total udl
= 2*114kN at 1.2m
Maximum live load= spacing 49.9148 kN/m
Effective depth of slab required = 165.253
Effective depth provided = 250
Area of steel required 917.552
Provide 12 mm bars @ 150 mm c/c both on top and bottom,
giving area of steel, Ast = 1507 mm2
Max moment transverse Direction

42.4276 kN/m
Effective depth of slab required = 216.322 mm
Dhungre
Effective depth provided 250 mm

Provide 12 mm bars @ 150 mm c/c both on top and bottom,
giving area of steel, Ast = 1507 mm2
Maximum shear force 44.4504
Shear stress 0.1778
Percentage area of steel= 0.6028 %
Permissible shear stress < shear stress developed = 0.35 n/mm2
Design of RCC Stoppers:
Base width of sttoper, b1 = 0.4 m

Top width of sttoper, b2 = 0.3 m
Height above abutment cap, h1 = 0.45 m
Length of sttoper, l = 0.75 m
Horizontal force acting on the stopper above pier cap @ 10% of vertical load=683.402
Friction resistance = 1025.1 KN
However as additional factor of safety, assuming an extra lateral force in excess of frictional
resistance taking R = 0.20 in worst case, Fs = 1366.8
Difference in force 341.701 KN

Moment at the base of stopper 153.765 KN-m
Clear cover to reinforcement 75 mm
Effective depth provided 400
M
381.346
Depth of section required = Rb
section required is < section provided 400 mm
2
Area of steel required, Ast = M = 1766.61 mm
s st . j .d
Provide 20 mm bars @ 200 mm c/c, giving area 3140.00
of steel =
Max. Shear stress, tv
Percentage area of steel provided, p =
Permissible minimum shear strength of concrete =
Therefore, Shear reinforcement is required. Shear reinforcement shall be provided to carry
a shear force of
Assuming
Asv st d
Spacing, S =
Vus
vertical stirrups, 0.87fy Asv

0.4 b w
Hence provide 10 mm 2-legged vertical stirrups @ 75 mm c/c

Dhungre
Check:
1025.1
Maximum earth quack force is considered 15 % of total vertical load Kn
(F1)=
Friction between the elastomeric bearing and concrete = 0.60 from Code
4552.74
Friction force between the elastomeric bearing and concrete (F2)=
Since, F2 > F1 Therefore, it is safe against longitudinal earth quack load.
Return wall will be monolithic with back wall. They are joined together through
30cm *30cm fillets. The load acting on the wing walls would be earth pressure
and is designed to withstand a live load equivalent to surcharge of 1.2 m height of
earth fill according to IRC 78:2000
b1
h1= 3.5 m
h2= 1.25 m h2
h3= 3 m h1 h3
h4= 0.5 m
b1= 3.5 m
h4
Thickness of return wall assumed= 400 mm

Average value of earth pressure =
0.5s * (h1 / 2 h2 / 2 1.22 tan 2 (45 18.0664

/ 2)
Acting at a distance from wing wall bottom= 0.98 m
Moment due to earth Pressure
Depth Required
Effective Depth provided=34.2 cm
Area of Steel required=
2
Thus Provide 20 bara6 nos c/c giving area of steel =1885mm
And, as distribution bar, provide 12 mm bars @ 200 mm c/c as nominal reinforcement
The Wing wall would be properly anchored to the abutement, backwall and cap

Dhungre

Schedule of Reinforcement (Per abutment)
Dia of Lengt Total Total

Bar Shape of Bars (not to scale) Spacing h of No of
S.N. Bar Length Weight
Mark (Dimensions in mm) (mm) Each Bars
(mm) (m) (kg)
Bar
(mm)
LEFT ABUTMENT
Abutment Footing
AB1
1 20@145 300 6214 91.5o 300 20 145 6.8144 37 252.13114 622.7639
c/c
AB1a
2 20@14 10850 91.5o 300 20 145 37 0 0
5c/c
5990
AB2
3 32@1 300 32 290 6.29 37 232.73 1468.526
45 c/c
300
300
AB2a
4 32@1 4592 32 290 5.192 38 197.296 1244.938
45c/c
300
5 AB3 750 10200 10200 750 16 135 21.9 35 766.5 1211.07
250
6 AB7 3960 12 300 4.21 38 159.98 142.0622
7 AB8 3960 200 16 250 4.16 47 195.52 308.9216
8 AB9
9 AB9 250 250 10 300 0.5 11 5.5 3.3935

500
220 300
10 AB10 16 1.82 44 80.08 126.5264
700
100
AB11 75 500 75 10 0.65 88 57.2 35.2924
11 AB11A 75 250 75 10 0.4 44 17.6 10.8592
10850
12 AB12 20 10.85 1 10.85 26.7995
13 AB13 10850 16 10.85 1 10.85 17.143
Total in one Abutement; MT 5.2183

Jangha 35 m span
AB7 12@300 - C/C
16 250c/c AB8 AB9 10@300 - C/C
10850
AB6 1 layer of 6 mm bar Mesh
12 220c/c AB5
12 220c/c AB4
AB2a 32@145c/c
AB2 32@145 c/c

12 135 c/c AB3
AB2a 32@145c/c M25
AB1 20@145c/c 20
0
Pile Cap, MAT
Inclusive- Sub Structure

Jangha
Jangha 35 m span
Back face (Hill Side) Name of the Bridge= Dhungre Front face (Toe Side)
AB9 10@300 - C/C AB7
16 250c/c AB8
12 135 c/c AB3 12 135 c/c AB3
AB2 32@145 c/c AB1a 20@145c/c
AB2a 32@145c/c AB1 20@145c/c
Pile cap M25

Jangha
Jangha 35 m span
1 layers6 bars mesh

AB6
12 bars @ 200mm c/c

AB4
16 bars @ 200mm c/c

AB5

Jangha
Jangha 35 m span

Schedule of Reinforcement (Per abutment)
Dia of Length Total Total

Bar Shape of Bars (not to scale) Spacing of No of
(mm) (m) (kg)
Bar
(mm)
RIGHT ABUTMENT
Abutment CAP
1190
1 AB4 420 16 3.32 59 195.88 309.49
2X50
2 AB5 10850 16 10.85 13 282.10 445.72
940
3 AB6 700 8 22.47 5 112.35 44.38
Total in one CAP 0.80 MT

Jangha

Schedule of Reinforcement (Left Abutement Wing wall)
Length
Dia of Total Total
Bar Shape of Bars (not to scale) Spaci of No of
Mark (Dimensions in mm) ng Each Bar Bars
(mm) (m) (kg)
(mm) (mm)
1 R1 200 2275 1000 20 3.475 6 20.85 51.50
200
2 R2 1175 16 3.875 6 23.25 36.74
2500
2200
3 R3 250 16 5.050 15 73.23 115.70
1550
4 R4 250 16 3.350 16 53.60 84.69
5 R5 10850 10 22.296 18 401.33 247.62
218
6 R6 325 20 0.325 2 0.65 1.61
Total in Two Wing Walls 537.84

In MT 0.54
1 Nos. 20 R6 20 mm 6 nos, R1
AB8
10 @ 250c/c R5 AB7
16 mm 6 nos, R2
16 @ 200 c/c R3, R4

2
1.25 `
1.5
Dhungre 40m Double span
Force at the bottom of the pile cap ( KN-M)

Horizontal load Moment Moment
Vertical Horizontal load laong laong the axis along the along the
Forces Load the axis (XX) (YY) axis (Mxx) axis (Myy)
Dry (comb.1) Non
Seismic 18164.23 3016.26 0 510 0
Flooded Comb (1-a) Non
Seismic 16231.85 3016.26 0 510 0
Dry Comb (V1) Seismic 18357.48 5307.94 1563 5354 5354

Flooded (Comb VI-a)
Seismic 16425.10 5307.94 1563 5354 5354
Maximum
Non Seismic 18164.23 3016.26 0.00 509.74 0.00
Seismc 18357.48 5307.94 1562.85 5354.08 5354.08
Dead load of the
Pile Cap= 3773.95 Kn
Additional Seismc
Force Horitontal 566.093
Vertical 283.046 Kn
3
Volume of Pile Cap 157.248 m
Upward force due to -1572.48

buyoancy
Load Eccentricity Moment
Eccentricity of Dead
load of
superstructure
Eccentricity of live
load
Vertical load at back
of the wall due to
soil mass 6802.38 2.1 -14285.00
-14285.00
x
Maximm load on individual Pile 2
1 115.2 m2
245 m2

2
y 1
Dry (comb.1) Non

Seismic 1135.3 15.9 0.0 1151.2 1119.3
Seismic 1014.5 15.9 0.0 1030.4 998.6
Dry Comb (V1) Seismic 1147.3 167.3 114.7 1429.4 865.3

Flooded (Comb VI-a)
Seismic 1026.6 167.3 114.7 1308.6 744.5
Seismic Non Seismic
Critical Value for Foundaiton 1429.387542 1151.193614
Critical Shear 331.75 188.52

Critical mOment as per Geotechnical Report OKAY
Jangha 35 m span
Formation level 176.48 Dhungre - pile bottom at scour (Abutement)
HFL= 172.02
Lowest RBL 167.93 167.93

7.59 166.33
MSL= 164.43
Fixity level
157.33
23.6
144.33
Center line of Abutement stem
4 nos 0.8m3.5 m C/C
Bridge Axis
11.7
4nos 0.8m @2.4 m C/C

8.4

Horizontal
load laong Horizontal Moment Moment
the axis load laong along the along the
Forces Vertical Load (XX) the axis (YY) axis (Mxx) axis (Myy)
Dry (comb.1)
Non Seismic 1135.3 15.9 0.0 1151.2 1119.3
Flooded
Comb (1-a)
Non Seismic 1014.5 15.9 0.0 1030.4 998.6
Dry Comb (V1)
Seismic 1147.3 167.3 114.7 1429.4 865.3
Flooded
(Comb VI-a)
Seismic 1026.6 167.3 114.7 1308.6 744.5
Maximum
Non Seismic 1135 16 0 1151 1119
Seismc 1147 167 115 1429 865
Maximum force on single pile: Non Seismic Case: KN 1151
Seismic Case: KN 1429.4
Jangha
Dhungre 40 m span

Water = 10.0 kN/m3
Backfill = 20 kN/m3
Design of Data:
center to center Span of bearing = 40 m

Total span length = 40.6 m
Deck level of bridge = 176.48 m
Soffit Level 10850 = 173.48 m
Bottom level of abutment = 167.93 m
Total height of abutment = 8.55 m
Thickness of pier cap = 1.8 m
Pier flat Portion = 0.9 m
Pier shaft Dia = 2.4 m
Thickness of the pile cap = 1.6 m
Ave. Velocity of water current = 3.4 m/sec
1.0 Design Data:
Concrete: = M30
Reinforcement: Fe500
Characteristics Strength of Concrete fck 30 MPa
Permissible direct compressive stress, sco 10.0 Mpa
Permissible flexural compressive stress, sc 8.33 Mpa
Maximum Permissible shear stress,
2.1 N/mm2
tmax (0.07*fck)
2
Permissible Flexural Tensile stress, sst 240 N/mm
Permissible direct compressive stress, sco 205 N/mm
2
Modular Ratio m = 11.20

Neutral axis depth factor, n =
(msc)/( msc+sst) =
= 0.28
Lever arm factor, j = (1-n/3) 0.906666667
Moment of resistance coefficient, R
= x n x j x sc = = 1.057354667
Full Bright- Foundation

Dhungre
Dhungre 40 m span
Length of pile recommended by

geotechnical report = 22 m
Total depth of pile including the pile cap= 23.6
Actual founding depth from the
existing ground level = 32.15
The useful length of the pile
(considering pilecap and scour)
= 20.10
The capacity of a single pile at this
depth (from Geo-tech report)
= 1270
Capacity of a single Pile for seismic
case (increase 25% = 1587.5
Total Ultimate bearing capacity of
the group, n*Qul = 18288
Qg(u) = 2/3 to 3/4 of sum of Qult of
individual piles (n*Qult), i.e. from
0.67 to 0.7, Let's take the factor
(considering the density of soil)
(For bored piles in granular soils)
[K.R. Arora, Soil Mechanics & =
Foundation Engineering, Chapter
Hence safe bearing capacity of pile
group ;Qg(al) = = 18288
> the
Which is
vertical = 18164 ok
Adopted design load
Number of piles
= 16
Pile depth
= 22
Pile diameter
= 0.8
Size of pile cap
=
L
= 8.4 m along the axis
B
= 11.7 m across the axis
h
= 1.6 m
Load Calculation:
Degree of fixity provided by
geotechnical Engineer = 9m
The Capacity of the single pile
= 1270 KN

Dhungre
Dhungre 40 m span
= Non seismic Seismic

Forces on individual Piles =
Horizontal Load = 189 332
Critical Vertical Load = 1151 1429
Critical Moment ( for fixed
base constrained End)
Geotechnical Report = 300 380
2
Gross cross section area of the pile = 502655 mm
Let the percentage of reinforcement be = 1.000 %

2
Total area of reinforcement = = 5027 mm
Let the diameter of main bars = 20 mm2 A= 314.159
The number of bars =

= 16 no AP1 20@ 150C/C
=
Hence provided area of main reinforcement 5027 mm2
Let the clear cover be = 70 mm
Let the diameter of the transverse reinf = 16 mm

Then the diameter up to the line of
reinf. Dc = 624 mm
Spacing between the bars = 157 mm

Checking the section and reinforcement
for the stresses as per IRC
recommendation
= mm
Gross cross sectional area Ag
= 502,655 mm2
Area of main steel As
= 5,027 mm2
Net area of concrete Ac
= 497,628 mm2
At = Ac+(1.5m-1)*As = 577,082 mm2
It = (PI*D^4/64) + (m-
1)*As*Dc / 8 = 22,602,741,457 mm4
Zt = 2*It/D
= 56,506,854 mm3
Checking the section and reinforcement for the stresses as per IRC
Non seismic Seismic

Dhungre
Dhungre 40 m span
Scc = P/At
= 1.995 2.4769248
Scb = M/Zt
= 5.309 6.724848
(Scc/Sacc + Scb/Sacb) = = 0.837 1.0549972
Which is <1 <1 OK
Check for shear

Non seismic Seismic
Resultant critical horizontal force = 188516 331746 N
Area of the section = 502655 502655 mm
Shear stress developed, v = = 0.375 0.660 N/mm
Percentage of longitudinal steel provided= = 1.00 1.00 %
Allowable shear stress corresponding
reinforcement
=
Provide nominal reinforcement as per
IRC:78-2000, 709.4.4
Let's provide bars with diameter 16 mm @ 100mm c/c up to the 10.6 m from pile cap
16 mm @ 300mm c/c from below 13 m from founding level
Number of rings in one pile 107 + 45 152 No
Design of Pile cap

Total length of pile cap along the
bridge axis = = 8.4 m
Total length of pile cap across
the bridge axis = = 11.7 m
Number of piles and spacing = 4 nos 0.8 @2.4m C/C
Across the bridge axis = 4 nos 0.8m3.5 m C/C
Diamater of piles = 0.8 m
Offset to the CL of outermost pile from the
edge of pilecap = 0.6 m

Dhungre
Dhungre 40 m span
APC4 16@ 300C/C APC2 20@ 200C/C
APC5 20@ 100C/C
APC3 16@ 300C/C APC1 20@ 200C/C
Pile cap
1600
Groove 65
16 @100cc upto 10.6 m

from pile cap
AP1 20@ 150C/C
22000
16 @200cc upto 13 m from
pile bottom
Dhungre- Pile
Dhungre 40 m span
Dia of Spacing length of No of Total Total

SN Bar Mark Shape of bars (not to scale) bar(m (mm) Each bar bars Length( Weight(
400 400
1 APC1 20@ 200C/C 8250 20 200 9050 58 524.9 1296.503
400
2 APC2 20@ 200C/C 400 8250 20 200 9050 58 524.9 1296.503
400
3 APC3 16@ 300C/C 400 11550 16 300 12350 25 308.75 487.825
4 APC4 16@ 300C/C 400 11550 400 16 300 12350 25 308.75 487.825
20 17124 12 205.488 507.56
5 APC5 Pitch=1000
4076.21
Bar schedule of pile
Dia of Spacing length of No of Total Total
SN Bar Mark Shape of bars (not to scale) bar(m (mm) Each bar bars Length( Weight(
AP1 20@ 150C/C 200 20 150 23650 336 7946.4 19628
23450
16 2360.3522 2432 2.36035 9069.8
AP2 2*200
28697
Dhungre 40 m span
Pier Name of the Bridge= Dhungre

Water = 10.0 kN/m3
Backfill = 20 kN/m3
Design of Data:

Bottom level of Pier = 167.93 m
Total height of Pier = 8.55 m
Thickness of pier cap = 2 m
Thickness of the pile cap = 2 m
6.75
5.75 HFL 2.6
172.02
2
0.9
3.29
2.6
1.0 Design Data:

Concrete: = M30
Dhungre 40 m span

2.1 N/mm2
tmax (0.07*fck)
2
2

(msc)/( msc+sst) =
= 0.28
= x n x j x sc = = 1.05735
Concrete (cement-Reinforced) 24 KN
Macadam (binder premix) 22 KN
Water 10.0 KN
Backfill 20 KN
Due to dead Load:
Dead load from superstructure = 8192.8 kN
Self wt. of bearing & expansion joint = 409.64 kN
Total DL from superstructure = 8602.44 kN
Max. LL on abutment from right side = 428.58 Kn

Impact factor = 1.09783
Max LL including Impact, PLL 1882.03 Kn-m
In transverse direction, eccentricity of load 1882.03
Self wt. of pier =
wt. of pier stem = 419.222 kN
wt.of pier cap = 661.673 kN
Total DL at pier base = 9683.33 kN
Moment at the edge of stem shaft =
163.49 KN-m
Due to the load of the Cap itself= =
6861.47 KN-m
Due to the dead load from the
superstructure= =
2871.49 KN-m
Due to the Live load from the
superstructure= =
1292.17 KN-m
Live load impact =
11188.62
Total moment at critical section =
Let the reinforcement used = = 32

Dhungre 40 m span
Number of Rows = 2
Let the reinforcement used Compresson = = 20
Number of Rows = 1
Let the transverse Reinforceemnt = 16
clear Cover = 40
Effective detph= = 1816.00
Effective detph=d' = 56.00 mm
Distance of CG of the bearing center from
the face of support = 2.18
Neutraal axis = = 577.976
Area of singly reinforced Ast1= = 31307

Moment of resistance of singly reinforced
section= = 12197.3 KN-m
=
Moment of resistance of doubly reinforced section= -1008.66 KN-m
2
Area of singly reinforced Ast2= = -2387.93 mm
2
Total Reinforcement area Ast= = 28919.1 mm 36 144.444
Check for Shear 17 nos both sides, 32 @150 c/c P1a
Due to the load of the Cap itself= = 305.21 KN 17 nos both sides, 32 @150 c/c P1b
Due to the dead load from the
superstructure= = 3440.98 KN 6 nos , 20 @ P2a Compression Steel
Due to the Live load from the

superstructure= = 1355.06 KN
Due to the impact loading= = 609.776
Total Shear at critical section = 5711.02 KN
Cross Sectional Area at the face of the

stem = 5200000 mm2
Shear stress developed v=

V/BD = 1.10 N/mm2
Maximum Permissible shear stress for
M30 max= = 2.2 N/mm2
Total Shear at critical section = 5711018 N

% of reinforcement, pt= = 0.556 %
Permissible shear stress without shear
reinforcement corresponding % of
steel = 0.33 N/mm2 OK
Shear reinforcement is required =
Dhungre 40 m span
Shear force resisted by longitudinal steel

and concrete section= 1558128
Shear force resisted by shear

reinforcement= 4152890
Providing 6 legs of 16 mm bar Asv= 1206.37

Spacing of Bars=Asv*d*s/Vs 126.607
Spacing of Stirrups of 6 legged= 115 mm C/c
Dhungre 40 m span
17 nos both sides, 32 @150 c/c P1a 17 nos both sides, 32 @150 c/c P1b
7 nos both sides, 16 @140 c/c P4
24 nos both sides, 16 @140 c/c P4

6 nos , 20 @ P2a Compression Steel
Vertical main bars embedment 8 nos both sides, 16 @140 c/c P4

bar length 1.5

Jangha
Dhungre 40 m span

Schedule of Reinforcement (Per pier cap)
Length
Dia of of Total Total
Bar Shape of Bars (not to scale) Spaci No of
S.N. Bar Each Length Weight
Mark (Dimensions in mm) ng Bars
(mm) Bar (m) (kg)
(mm)
(mm)
Pier CAP
CAP
1 P1a 400 6600 32 7,400 17 10.97 1,176.8

400
2 P1b 400 6400 32 141 7,250 17 10.84 1,163.0

400
3 P2a 400 20 454 8,200 6 10.90 161.5

5400
2400
4 P2b 400 164o 4000 20 454 0 11.20
2400
2320
NO6:
OF82
5 P3 16 155 48 8.50 644.64
0=
1920
6325
6 P4 2304 2304 16 140 14 12.40 22.12
4362.5
7 P5 2304 2304 16 140 16 11.63 25.28
Total 3.2
Dhungre 40 m span
Pier Name of the Bridge= Dhungre

Water = 10.0 kN/m3
Backfill = 20 kN/m3
Design of Data:

Thickness of pier cap 10850 = 2 m
Pier flat Portion 10850 = 0.9 m
6.75
5.75 HFL 3.75 173.22
172.02
2
0.9 171.22
2.175
5.55 3.29
2.6
167.93
165.93
8.4 8.4
1.0 Design Data:

Concrete: = M30
Dhungre 40 m span

2.1 N/mm2
tmax (0.07*fck)
2
2

(msc)/( msc+sst) =
= 0.28
= x n x j x sc = = 1.057354667
Load Calculation:
Due to dead Load:
Dead load from superstructure = 8192.8 kN
Self wt. of bearing & expansion joint = 409.64 kN
Total DL from superstructure = 8602.44 kN
Max. LL on abutment from right side = 428.58 Kn

Impact factor = 1.097826087
Max LL including Impact, PLL 1882.025217 Kn-m
In transverse direction, eccentricity of load 1882.025217
Self wt. of pier =
wt. of pier stem = 419.2216635 kN
wt.of pier cap = 986.8290682 kN
Total DL at pier base = 10008.49073 kN
Effect of Buyoancy
Submerged volume of Pier = 21.71500258 m3
By volume of displaced Water by
the pier 15% only considered = -32.5725039 kN
Due to Temperature Variation

o
Maximum temperature variation, T = 30 C
Coefficient of thermal expansion, = 1.17E-05 /m/oC
Strain due to temperature variation = 2.00E-04
Total Strain due to shrinkage = 5.51E-04
Horizontal Deformation of
deck due to temperature & = 7.1253 mm
Horizontal Deformation of deck due to
temperature & shrinkage affecting one
abutment
Dhungre 40 m span
Shear Modulus of bearing material, G = 1 MPa

Width of bearing Pad = 640 mm
Width of bearing parrel to span = 400 mm
Depth of bearing = 60 mm
Strain in bearing = 0.15834
Number of Girders = 5 no
Expansion of girder = 7.13 mm
Bearing Area = 256000 mm2
Horizontal force due to strain
in longitudinal direction at = 30.40128 kn
Horizontal force total force
due to strain in longitudinal
direction at bearing level
= 152.0064 kN
This force acts at the bearing
level, i.e. at a distance from = 5.55 m
Moment due to temperature variation 843.63552 Kn-m
Due to Braking Effect

Effect due to class A loading
= 0.2xW = 140 kN
This acts at distance above deck
level = 1.2 m
And at a distance from Pier
base = 9.75 m
Moment due to braking about abutment
base = 1365 Kn-m
Force due to water Current =
Exposed height to water Current = 4.09 m
Area exposed = 33.40769628
Maximumm mean velocity = 3.4 m/sec
Maximum Velocity;(2)*V = 4.808326112
Shape Factor of square end = 0.66
Pressure Intensity=0.5 KV2 = 7.6296
Hence force due to water current= = 62.410128
It will acts at a distance of 2*h/3 = 2.726666667
Moment due to water Current 170.1716157 Kn-m
Dhungre 40 m span
Combination A: ( Deald Load+Live Load and nos seismic) Dry Case Non Seismic
Horizont
Load Vertical Horizontal
al force Moment (kN- Moment
Description Coefficen Force force (kN)
(kN) Y- m) Y-Y (kN-m) X-X
t (kN) X-X
Y
Superstruc 1.00 10008.49 0.00

LL 1.00 1882.03 0.00
Braking 1.00 140.00 1365.00
Frictional 1.00 152.01 843.64 0.00
Sub Total 1.00 11890.52 292.01 2208.64 0.00
Total 1.00 11890.52 292.01 2208.64 0.00
Resultant Force =
Vertical Load = 11890.52 KN
Horizontal Load = 292.01 KN
Moment = 2208.63552 KN-m
Combination A: Floded Cas,e Non Seismic (Combination 1-a)
Horizont
t (kN) X-X
Y
Superstruc 1.00 10008.49 0.00

LL 1.00 1882.03 0.00
Braking 1.00 140.00 1365.00
Frictional 1.00 152.01 843.64 0.00
Buyoancy 1.00 -32.57
Water 1.00
Current 62.41
Sub Total 1.00 11890.52 292.01 62.41 2208.64 0.00
Total 1.00 11890.52 292.01 62.41 2208.64 0.00
Resultant Force =
Moment = 2208.63552 KN-m
Dry Case Seismic (Combination VI)

Dhungre 40 m span
Horizont
t (kN) X-X
Y
Superstruc 1.00 10008.49 0.00

LL 0.20 376.41 0.00
Braking 0.20 28.00 273.00
Frictional 1.00 152.01 843.64
Non Seismic
Force
10384.90 180.01 0.00 1116.64 0.00
Additional 1.00
Seimsic
forces 1038.49 1501.27 1689.48 8332.07 9376.59
Sub Total 1.00 1038.49 1501.27 1689.48 8332.07 9376.59
Total 1.00 11423.39 1681.3 1689.48 9448.70 9376.59
Resultant Force =
Moment = 10493.23 KN-m
Floded Case Seismic (Combination VI-a)
Horizont
t (kN) X-X
Y
Superstructur 1.00 10008.49 0.00
eLL
DLincluding
0.20 376.41 0.00
Impact
Braking
effect/Tractive
0.20 28.00 273.00
Frictional 0.20 30.40 168.73
effect
Buyoancy
1.00 -32.57 0.00
Water Current
1.00 0.00 62.41 0.00 170.17
Sub Total
Non Seismic
Forces
10352.32 58.40 62.41 441.73 170.17
Additional
Seimsic
forces
Super
structure
975.80 1501.27 1689.48 8332.07 8332.07
Sub Total 1.00 975.80 1501.27 1689.48 8332.07 8332.07
Total 1.00 11328.13 1559.67 1751.89 8773.80 8502.24
Resultant Force =
Dhungre 40 m span
Moment = 9247.17 KN-m
Summary of load Cases
Increment
Load Vertical factor for
Horizont Moment Remarks
Case Force allowal stresses
al Force **
Non-
Seismi Dry Case
c case ( Com, I) 11890.52 292.01 2208.64 1
A Flooded
Cases (
Com 1a) 11890.5 298.6 2208.6 1
Seismi Dry Case

c Case ( Com,
B VI) 11423.39 180.01 10493.23 1.5
Flooded
Cases (
Comb VI-
a) 11328.1 1774.9 9247.2 1.5
Max 11890.52 1774.95 10493.23
Note: IRC-6-2000,202.3 Table 1- pier to be designed for the critical values of non-seismic
cases and checked for seismic cases
Seismic Non-
Seismic
Hence,
Critical Moment at base= = 10493.23 2208.64 Check
Critical Vertical Load at base= = 11423.39 11890.52
Critical Shear at base= = 1774.95 298.60
Gross Cross Sectional Area=Ag= = 5309291.585
Let the % of main reinforcement be= = 0.01
The Total Area of Reinforcement=Asi = 53092.91585
Let the = = 32
The number of bars required= = 67
Actual Area of reinforcement=
= 53884.59719
Let the Clear Cover= = 60.00 mm
The Diameter of Transverse = 12.00 mm
bar=upto the Reinforcement Dc=
Dia = 2442
Spacing between the Bars= = 114.5040188
Gross Cross Sectonal = 5309291.58 mm2

Area of main steel, As == = 53884.59719
Dhungre 40 m span
Net area of concrete ;Ac = = 5255406.99

At = Ac+(1.5m-1)*As= = 6107145.872
It = (PI*D^4/64) + (m-
1)*As*Dc / 8 = 2.65306E+12
Zt = 2*It/D = 2.04E+09
Seismic Non-
Seismic
Scc = P/At
= 1.9 1.9469841
Scb = M/Zt
= 5.142 1.0822336
(Scc/Sacc + Scb/Sacb) = = 0.804 0.3246184
which is less than 1 OK
Dhungre 40 m 2 Double span
Name of the Bridge= Dhungre Pier

Schedule of Reinforcement
Dia of Lengt Total Total

Bar Shape of Bars (not to scale) Spacing h of No of
(mm) (m) (kg)
Bar
(mm)
P6 6150.0 32 122 6.55 67 6.55 2769.14
400
2402 300 12 140 2.702 44 8.146099 318.284387
3087.43

Jangha

Water = 10.0 kN/m3
Backfill = 20 kN/m3
Design of Data:

Thickness of pier cap = 1.8 m
1.0 Design Data:
Concrete: = M30
Maximum Permissible shear stress, 2
2.1 N/mm
tmax (0.07*fck)
2
2

(msc)/( msc+sst) =
= 0.28
= x n x j x sc = = 1.057354667
Length of pile recommended by

geotechnical report = 20
Total depth of pile including the pile cap= 21.6
Actual founding depth from the
existing proposed level = 30.15
The useful length of the pile
(considering pilecap and scour)
= 17.10
The capacity of a single pile at this
depth (from Geo-tech report)
= 999
Capacity of a single Pile for seismic
case (increase 25% = 1615
Total Ultimate bearing capacity of
the group, n*Qul = 14385.6
Qg(u) = 2/3 to 3/4 of sum of Qult of
individual piles (n*Qult), i.e. from
0.67 to 0.7, Let's take the factor
(considering the density of soil)
(For bored piles in granular soils)
[K.R. Arora, Soil Mechanics & =
Foundation Engineering, Chapter
Hence safe bearing capacity of pile
group ;Qg(al) = = 14385.6
> the
Which is
vertical = 13825.88 ok
Adopted design load
Number of piles
= 16
Pile depth
= 20
Pile diameter
= 0.8
Size of pile cap
=
L
= 8.4 m along the axis
B
= 8.4 m across the axis
h
= 1.6 m
Load Calculation:
Degree of fixity provided by
geotechnical Engineer = 11.70 m
The Capacity of the single pile
= 999 KN
= Non seismic Seismic

Forces on individual Piles =
Horizontal Load = 18 124
Critical Vertical Load = 922 1301
Critical Moment ( for fixed
base constrained End)
Geotechnical Report = 79.5 400
2
Gross cross section area of the pile = 502655 mm
Let the percentage of reinforcement be = 1.000 %

2
Total area of reinforcement = = 5027 mm
Let the diameter of main bars = 20 mm2 A= 314.159
The number of bars =

= 24 no
=
Hence provided area of main reinforcement 7540 mm2
Let the clear cover be = 70 mm
Let the diameter of the transverse reinf = 16 mm

Then the diameter up to the line of
reinf. Dc = 624 mm
Spacing between the bars = 105 mm

Checking the section and reinforcement
for the stresses as per IRC
recommendation
= mm
Gross cross sectional area Ag
= 502655 mm2
Area of main steel As
= 7540 mm2
Net area of concrete Ac
= 495115 mm2
At = Ac+(1.5m-1)*As = 614295 mm2
It = (PI*D^4/64) + (m-
4
1)*As*Dc / 8 = 23,851,015,693 mm
Zt = 2*It/D
= 59627539 mm3
Non seismic Seismic

Scc = P/At
= 1.500 2.1172231
Scb = M/Zt
= 1.333 6.7083097
(Scc/Sacc + Scb/Sacb) = = 0.310 1.0
Which is <1 <1 OK
Check for shear

Non seismic Seismic
Resultant critical horizontal force = 18250 123736 N
Area of the section = 502655 502655 mm
Shear stress developed, v = = 0.036 0.246 N/mm
Percentage of longitudinal steel provided= = 1.50 1.50 %
Allowable shear stress corresponding
reinforcement
=
Provide nominal reinforcement as per
IRC:78-2000, 709.4.4
Let's provide bars with diameter 10 mm @ 100mm c/c up to the 11.7 m from pile cap
10 mm @ 300mm c/c from below 9.9 m from founding level
Number of rings in one pile 118 + 34 152 No
Design of Pile cap

Total length of pile cap along the
bridge axis = = 8.4 m
Total length of pile cap across
the bridge axis = = 8.4 m
Number of piles and spacing = 4 nos .8 @2.4m C/C
Across the bridge axis = 4 nos .8 @2.4m C/C
Diamater of piles = 0.8 m
Offset to the CL of outermost pile from the
edge of pilecap = 0.6 m

Horizontal load Moment Moment
Vertical Horizontal load laong laong the axis along the along the
Forces Load the axis (XX) (YY) axis (Mxx) axis (Myy)
Dry (comb.1) Non
Seismic 13825.88 0.00 292.01 0.00 2209
Seismic 12965.72 62.41 292.01 0 2209
Dry Comb (V1) Seismic 13552.28 1979.78 1972 9377 9449

Flooded (Comb VI-a)
Seismic 12510.85 1720.95 1720.95 8502 8774
Maximum
Non Seismic 13825.88 62.41 292.0064 0 2209
Seismc 13552.28 1979.78 1972 8502 9449
Dead load of the

Pile Cap= 1935.36 Kn
Additional Seismc
Force Horitontal 290.304
Vertical 145.152 Kn
3
Volume of Pile Cap 86.016 m
Upward force due to buyoancy

-860.16
x
Maximm load on individual Pile 2
115.2 m2
1

2
115.2 m2
y 1
Dry (comb.1) Non

Seismic 864 0 58 922 807
Seismic 864 0 49 913 815
Dry Comb (V1) Seismic 810 244 246 1301 320

Flooded (Comb VI-a)
Seismic 847 221 228 1297 397
Seismic Non Seismic
Critical Value for Foundaiton 1301 922
Critical Shear 124 18

Jangha
Formation level 176.48 Pier - pile bottom at scour
HFL= 172.02
8.59
Lowest RBL 167.93 167.93
163.43
MSL= 166.33
Fixity Level 158.03
21.60
Founding level 146.33
8.4
Bridge Axis
4nos 0.8m @ 2.4 m C/C
8nos 0.8m @2.4 m C/C

8.4
Horizontal Momen
load laong Horizontal t along Moment
the axis load laong the axis along the
Forces Vertical Load (XX) the axis (YY) (Mxx) axis (Myy)
Dry (comb.1)
Non Seismic 864 0 58 922 807
Flooded
Comb (1-a)
Non Seismic 864 0 49 913 815
Dry Comb (V1)
Seismic 810 244 246 1301 320
Flooded
(Comb VI-a)
Seismic 847 221 228 1297 397
Maximum 0 0 0 0 0
Non Seismic 864 0 58 922 815
Seismc 847 244 246 1301 397
Maximum force on single pile: Non Seismic Case: = 922

Seismic Case: = 1301

Dhunge Khola 40m Draft

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Dhunge Khola 40m Draft

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Government of Nepal

Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport

DETAIL DESIGN OF BRIDGES

Name of the Bridge= Dhungre

1.1. Materials and its Properties:

Basic Permissible Stresses of Concrete as per IRC : 21-2000:

Basic Permissible Stresses of Reinforcing Bars as per IRC : 21-2000:

Unit weight of materials as per IRC : 6-2000:

1.2. Geometrical Properties:

Formation level of bridge = 176.480 m

Full Bright - Sub Structure

Soffit Level = 173.480 m

Full Bright - Sub Structure

1.3. Calculation of weight and C.G. of the abutment stem

Elements Area, Weight Xi (m) Yi (m) AiXi AiYi

9.26 2446.62 3.03 21.93 6.20 29.61

C.G. of area from back of abutment, x = 0.669 m

1.4. Calculation of Loads and Moments

114 KN 114 KN 68KN 68KN 68KN 68KN

1200 4300 3000 3000 3000 26100

IRC Class A Loading

Full Bright - Sub Structure

Due to Live Load

Due to Earth Pressure

Unit weight of soil = 20 kN/m3

Magnitude of surcharge, q = 1.2xgs = 24

Live load surcharge vertical Load =

Depth of Submerged Part = 4.090

Due to Braking Effect

Seismic Force and Moments About C.G. of Abutement At Toe i.e. A

Description Total Horizontal Yi (m) Moment Remarks

Full Bright - Sub Structure

Total 6834.0 1913.9 7420.9

Earth Pressure 1.00

Combination VI: ( Deald Load+Live Load + Temperature ) Dry Case Seismic

Full Bright - Sub Structure

Load Vertical Force Horizontal Lever Moment

Flooded Cases, Seismic ( Combination VI-1-a)

Full Bright - Sub Structure

Summary of load Cases

Design of abutment stem section

Clear cover to reinforcement = = 80 mm

Shear strength increment factor = 1+5P/(Agxfck) = = 1.05388

Check for shear at the bottom of the abutment cap.

Tension reinforcement required at different level along the height of abutments.

At 2.3 m above base of abutement

DL of Superstructure 4198.40 0.3 1179.75

Overall depth of abutment = = 1600 mm

Front side reinforcement

Provide 16 bar @ 135 mm c/c at front side of the abutment.

Check for stresses for case C

Effective depth of slab, provided d= = 1520 mm

Design of abutment cap:

12 bars @ 200mm c/c

12 bars @ 200mm c/c

16 bars @ 200mm c/c

Full Bright - Sub Structure

Moment due to earth pressure about backwall base 49.5806 kN.m/m

Considering thickness of approach slab is 300 mm and length is 3.5 m

Max moment transverse Direction

Effective depth provided 250 mm

Design of RCC Stoppers:

Base width of sttoper, b1 = 0.4 m

Difference in force 341.701 KN