The New York Time Magazine 24 A - The New York Times

April 24, 2016
TO P G U N
How Hillary Clinton became a hawk.
By Mark Landler
Printed and distributed by PressReader

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
ORIGINAL COPY ORIGINAL COPY ORIGINAL COPY ORIGINAL COPY ORIGINAL COPY ORIGINAL COPY
CO PY R I G H T A N D P R OT E C T E D BY A P P L I C A B L E L AW
This advertisement is not an offering. It is a solicitation of interest in the advertised property. No offering of the advertised units can be made and no deposits can be accepted, or reservations, binding or non-binding,
can be made until an offering plan is led with the New York State Department of Law. This advertisement is made pursuant to cooperative policy statement No. 1 issued by the New York State Department of Law le
No. CP15-0052. Sponsor: 95th and Third LLC, 805 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10022. Brand by Williams New York.

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
Introducing a tailored collection of condominium
residences designed by Alexandra Champalimaud.
A full-service lifestyle complemented by three

levels of curated indoor and outdoor services
and amenities.
Two to Five Bedroom Residences from

approximately $2.4M.
Opening Spring 2016.
To be added to our priority interest list

please inquire at:

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
April 24, 2016
First Words Credit Line Even as some people try to get recognition for their By Amanda Hess
13 social awareness by declaring themselves woke, others are
calling them out for trying to score points.
On Technology Bot Invasion Silicon Valley has fallen in love with chatbots, By Jenna Wortham
16 but so far theyre hardly impressive. Is it the industrys fault,
or is it ours?
The Ethicist Resident Adviser Can a young woman vote at her swing- By Kwame Anthony Appiah
20 state college?
13 24 22
Letter of AstroTurf It remains an object strangely out of time, like By Rebecca Giggs
22 Recommendation a souvenir from an era when the domestic aesthetic was all
ersatz nostalgia.
Eat A New Leaf That lettuce in your fridge why not try By Tamar Adler
24 cooking it?
Drink As You Like It To honor the 400th anniversary of By Rosie Schaap

26 Shakespeares death, some cocktails for saluting his
eternal verse.
Lives Wild Ride In the mountains of Colombia, a bicycle outing Andres Fernando Lopez Gomez
27 turns hairy. As told to Laura Bauerlein
Talk Melissa Gilbert The actress and aspiring politician never Interview by Ana Marie Cox
58 saw Congress in her future.
Behind the Cover: Gail Bichler, design director: Once we settled on the concept of portraying 8 Contributors 23 Tip
Hillary Clinton as a toy soldier, we experimented with several poses, including one of her saluting. 10 The Thread 54 Puzzles
We settled on one of her waving because we liked the idea that her pose would not play into 19 Poem 56 Puzzles
our concept. Here you see her as she often appears on the campaign trail, only plastic and green. 20 Judge John (Puzzle answers on Page 53)
Illustration by Justin Metz, based on a concept by Pablo Delcan. Hodgman
4 Continued on Page 6

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
When Ofcer Eder Loor responded to a situation in East the doctors at Mount Sinai. But hes not the only one. His
Harlem everything seemed under control until a man on the wife, his two children, and the entire city are grateful as well.
scene lashed out, driving a knife deep into Ofcer Loors
brain. He was taken immediately to The Mount Sinai Hospital,
where a team from the Department of Neurosurgery successfully
performed emergency cerebrovascular surgery. Since that day, 1 - 8 0 0 -M D-SI N A I
Ofcer Loor has had a remarkable recovery. Hes grateful to mou nt si n a i.or g/neu ro
ITS
A GOOD THING NEW YORKS
FINEST WAS IN THE HANDS
OF NEW YORKS FINEST.

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
April 24, 2016
H Is for Hawk Hillary Clintons tough talk isnt just talk. In her career, she has By Mark Landler
28 displayed instincts on foreign policy that are more aggressive
than those of President Obama and most Democrats.
The Water Cure Could Icelands secret to happiness be found in its By Dan Kois
36 communal pools? Photographs by Massimo Vitali
Chicago on the Edge The city has been rocked by new revelations of police By Ben Austen
46 brutality and misconduct and by activists determined to
upend the political order.
Photograph by Devin Yalkin for The New York Times
The system as it exists is never going to

give justice to young people like Laquan McDonald.
PAGE 46
6 Copyright 2016 The New York Times

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
Uninterrupted views of the city and its surrounding rivers
in every direction on top of over 20,000 square feet of
unprecedented amenities. Imagine the possibilities.

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
Contributors
Mark Landler H Is for Hawk, Editor in Chief JAKE SILVERSTEIN

Page 28 Deputy Editors JESSICA LUSTIG,
BILL WASIK
Mark Landler has covered American foreign Managing Editor ERIKA SOMMER
policy for The Times since the beginning Design Director GAIL BICHLER
Director of Photography KATHY RYAN

of the Obama administration, as a diplomatic
Features Editor ILENA SILVERMAN
correspondent and, since 2011, as a White
Digital Deputy Editor CHARLES HOMANS
House correspondent. In this weeks issue, Landler
Story Editors NITSUH ABEBE,
writes about Hillary Clintons foreign-policy
MICHAEL BENOIST,
record. The article is an excerpt from Alter Egos,
SHEILA GLASER,
his forthcoming book on Barack Obama and
CLAIRE GUTIERREZ,
Hillary Clinton, for which he interviewed more
LUKE MITCHELL,
than 125 people friends, senior officials, staff
DEAN ROBINSON,
members and foreign diplomats. The generals
WILLY STALEY,
were some of the easiest people to talk to, at SASHA WEISS
least about Hillary, Landler said. They all had Associate Editors JEANNIE CHOI,
their preconceptions before meeting her, and JAZMINE HUGHES
Photographed by Kathy Ryan at The New York Times on April they seemed eager to talk about how she played Chief National Correspondent MARK LEIBOVICH
13, 2016, at 11:33 a.m. against type. Staff Writers SAM ANDERSON,
EMILY BAZELON,
Ben Austen Chicago on the Edge, Ben Austen is working on a book about Chicagos SUSAN DOMINUS,
Page 46 Cabrini-Green public-housing complex. He last MAUREEN DOWD,
wrote for the magazine about the campaign to NIKOLE HANNAH-JONES,
diversify tennis on the South Side of Chicago. WESLEY MORRIS,
JENNA WORTHAM
Writers at Large C. J. CHIVERS,
Rebecca Giggs Letter of Recommendation, Rebecca Giggs is a writer based in Sydney and JIM RUTENBERG
Page 22 teaches creative writing at Macquarie University. David Carr Fellow GREG HOWARD
This is her first article for the magazine. Art Director MATT WILLEY
Deputy Art Director JASON SFETKO
Designers FRANK AUGUGLIARO,
BEN GRANDGENETT
Dan Kois The Water Cure, Dan Kois is a contributing writer for the magazine
Page 36 and the culture editor at Slate. His last article was Digital Designer LINSEY FIELDS
Associate Photo Editors STACEY BAKER,

about the writer Joy Williams.
AMY KELLNER,
CHRISTINE WALSH
Virtual-Reality Editor JENNA PIROG

Massimo Vitali The Water Cure, Massimo Vitali is a photographer based in
Photo Assistant KAREN HANLEY
Page 36 Lucca, Italy. He has a solo show opening at
Copy Chief ROB HOERBURGER
the Ronchini Gallery in London in May.
Copy Editors HARVEY DICKSON,
DANIEL FROMSON,
Dear Reader: When Did You MARGARET PREBULA,
ANDREW WILLETT
Start Working? Head of Research NANDI RODRIGO
Research Editors NANA ASFOUR,

Every week the magazine publishes the results RENE MICHAEL,
of a study conducted online in July and August LIA MILLER,
by The New York Timess research-and- MARK VAN DE WALLE
analytics department, reecting the opinions Production Chief ANICK PLEVEN
of 2,987 subscribers who chose to participate. Production Editors PATTY RUSH,
7% 14% 53% 16% 10%
This weeks question: How old were you when Under 12 1213 1416 1718 19 or older
HILARY SHANAHAN
you had your rst job? years old Editorial Assistant LIZ GERECITANO BRINN
Publisher: ANDY WRIGHT Associate Publisher: DOUG LATINO Advertising Directors: JACQUELYN L. CAMERON (Advocacy) SHARI KAPLAN (Live Entertainment and Books) NANCY KARPF (Fine Arts) MAGGIE
KISELICK (Automotive, Technology and Telecom) SCOTT M. KUNZ (International Fashion) SHERRY MAHER (Department Stores, Beauty and American Fashion) CHRISTOPHER REAM (Studios) JASON RHYNE
(Recruitment) JOHN RIGGIO (Legal Branding) JOSH SCHANEN (Media and Travel) SARAH THORPE (Corporate, Health Care, Education, Liquor and Packaged Goods) BRENDAN WALSH (Finance and Real Estate)
National Sales Office Advertising Directors: KYLE AMICK (Atlanta/Southeast) JACQUELYN L. CAMERON (Washington) LAUREN FUNKE (Florida/Southeast) DOUG LATINO (Detroit) CHRISTOPHER REAM
(Los Angeles/San Francisco/Northwest) JEAN ROBERTS (Boston/Northeast) JIMMY SAUNDERS (Chicago/Midwest) KAREN FARINA (Magazine Director) LAURA BOURGEOIS (Marketing Director, Advertising)
MICHAEL ANTHONY VILLASEOR (Creative Director, Advertising) MARILYN M C CAULEY (Managing Director, Specialty Printing) THOMAS GILLESPIE (Manager, Magazine Layout) CHRIS RISO (Publishers Assistant).
To advertise, email karen.farina@nytimes.com.
8 4.24.16

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
COMFORT MEETS COLOR
Hubbard Free. The worlds most comfortable mens shoe now comes in 19 comfy colors. 844.482.4800.

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
The Thread
Readers respond to the 4.10.2016 issue. played for the Chicago White Sox. Min- Where is the United States? Where is
nie Minoso, a Sox star of the 1950s, spoke Canada? Where is Australia? Where is
RE: ON SPORTS English poorly but did the best he could, Russia? Why should all the burden fall on
In his debut column, Jay Caspian Kang serving as a team ambassador for many Western Europe in general and Germany
explored how baseballs treatment of black years after his playing career ended. The in particular? Let there be no doubt, it is a
and Latino players has diminished its place other, Alexei Ramirez, starting shortstop burden, both economically and culturally.
in American culture. for about eight years prior to this season, Yes, we all wish to do what is right and
never, to my knowledge, tried to learn the THE STORY,
humane, but we ought to do this collec-
Jay Caspian Kang makes good points language and probably isnt any better ON TWITTER tively and responsibly. Further, there is a
regarding the lack of minority partici- known now than he was before he joined considerable challenge with this partic-
Its local
pation in baseball, both in college and the team. Another cause of the alleged communities working
ular group of immigrants/refugees, most
professionally. However, there is another underexposure may lie with the media, together with notably misogyny and homophobia.
factor to be considered: The lure of huge which seems less inclined to interview #refugees who do These people should be made aware
money in the last 20 years and immedi- non-English speakers who rely on inter- the challenging that any attack on European lifestyle
work of integration.
ate entrance into both the N.B.A. and N.F.L. preters. Talk radio poses a special problem. @AmbWittig, would not be tolerated even at the
is something that is hard to resist for a More translators or interpreters wont help. German ambassador risk of deportation to Syria/Afghanistan,
youngster, no matter what ethnicity. John F. Hogan, Chicago to the United States regardless of any risk to their own lives.
No matter how good a young baseball It is almost as if these people are trying
player is, he is going to spend at least three to recreate the cultural environment that
to ve years in the minor leagues. There is has led to their very own misfortunes in
no instant gratication in baseball. If they their countries of origin. This is some-
do make it to the major leagues, even the thing we cannot and should not accept!
best of them wont realize big money Its one thing to be humane in the edi-
for a number of years because of the way torial room of The New York Times. Its a
the collective-bargaining agreement is dierent story on the streets of Germany.
structured. It is a path that demands a Kiefer D. Arends, Mannheim, Germany
whole lot of patience and faith. For many
people that is a quaint notion these days.
Mike Fernandez, Richardson, Tex.
For the rst time ever, Jay Caspian Kang

writes, all Major League Baseball teams
are required to hire a full-time Span-
ish-language translator. This, however, I am constantly amazed by the tortured
only hinders a solution to the alleged lengths some authors go to nd latent
problem of M.L.B.s subpar promotion racism. Now it seems that anyone object-
of its Spanish-speaking stars. The reason ing to things like bat ipping, which
Spanish-speaking players dont get more some consider taunting, is racist. Kangs
media exposure is quite simple: They description of baseballs having a racially
dont speak or speak very limited English. coded obsession with tradition is as
Perhaps the fault lies with athletes who shameful as it is sophomoric.
choose not to learn to communicate with I often wonder if uber-liberals and the
fans in their native tongue. Two examples perennial victims get a list of words each As a German living abroad, this arti-
come to mind, both Cuban migrs who day that other extremists have decided cle provides an impartial impression
now mean not what theyve always meant. of the conundrum faced by my fellow
Why cant one put o by showboating citizens: Should we be glad to move out
simply be put o by showboating? Why of the shadows of a horrible past by an
does it have to take on other meanings? unrestricted welcome of refugees, or
Further, how would the author explain should we be afraid of losing prosperity
black and Hispanic former players who and Western values to an Eastern
are also oended by these displays? Why should all culture? Im optimistic. Despite strong
Photo illustration by Craig Cutler
Vincent Mooney, Poughkeepsie, N.Y. the burden resistance from the political right, the
majority of Germans will opt for helping
RE: BECOMING EUROPEAN
fall on Western those who need help. American support
James Angelos traveled to a small German Europe in of Germanys resurrection after World
village to monitor how it struggled to reset- general and War II is not forgotten.
tle a small group of refugees, as its country P. Bartelmus, New York
struggles with the challenge of transforming Germany
itself into a republic of shared ideals. in particular? Send your thoughts to magazine@nytimes.com.
10 4.24.16 Illustrations by Giacomo Gambineri

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604

CyberKnife is as effective as surgery, but with no cutting or pain.
The biggest advance in prostate cancer treatment in a decade.
Lower risk of side effects compared to other treatments.
No incontinence, less risk of impotence.
Only real-time motion tracking radiation. Attacks tumor, protects healthy tissue.
Treatment takes just ve brief visits in one week.
Winthrop has the most prostate cancer CyberKnife experience in the country.
The ONLY CyberKnife center in both Manhattan and Long Island.
Manhattans one and only CyberKnife Center.

150 Amsterdam (at 66th St.) 1.866.WINTHROP winthrop.org/NYCyberKnife

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
Travel with
Autumn Indulgence at Sea and on Land
From $5,298
Sailing & Cruises

Itinerary 10 days
Departing Sept. 23, 2016
Vessel Crystal Serenity
Turn the page on summer with a fall foliage voyage, joining the
Times Journeys community of lifelong learners with three longtime
New York Times experts on a cruise conference. Sail from Quebec
to New York City aboard the Crystal Serenity, one of the top cruise
ships in the world.
Exclusive to Times Journeys guests, and included in the package price:
Mingle with New York Times journalists speaking on subjects
ranging from international relations in the Arctic, free speech
in the age of the Internet, and why Canadians and Americans
are so similar, yet so different.
Enjoy over 24 hours of onboard programming, including
seminars and Q&As.
ONBOARD EXPERTS
Roger Cohen, Times Op-Ed Columnist
has worked for The Times for 25 years as a foreign
correspondent, foreign editor and now columnist. He has
received a Lifetime Achievement Award from Britains Next
Century Foundation.
Ian Austen, Times Correspondent

has been the Canada correspondent for The New York
Times for more than a decade. Much of his work has
focused on Canadas technology industry, including the
rise and fall of BlackBerry.
Quoted tour prices are per person, double occupancy except where indicated and subject to availability and
George Freeman, Former Times First Amendment Attorney change. All terms and conditions can be found at nytimes.com/timesjourneys or you can call 855 698 6366
executive director of the Media Law Resource Center, a and request a copy be sent to you. CST#2065380-40
nonprofit trade association supporting the media industry
in legal matters and formerly a First Amendment attorney
in the legal department of The Times. Book Now 855 698 6366
Learn more at nytimes.com/timesjourneys

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
First Words
Even as some people try to get recognition for their social awareness by declaring themselves
woke, others are calling them out for trying to score points. By Amanda Hess
Credit Line
There is a strange little cultural feedback loop thats playing out again
and again on social media. It begins with, say, a white American man
who becomes interested in taking an outspoken stand against racism
or misogyny. Maybe he starts by attending a Black Lives Matter
demonstration. Or by reading the novels of Elena Ferrante. At some
point, he might be asked to check his privilege, to acknowledge the
benets that accrue to him as a white man. At rst, its humiliating
theres no script for taking responsibility for advantages that he never
asked for and that he cant actually revoke. But soon, his discomfort
is followed by an urge to announce his newfound self-awareness to
the world. He might even want some public recognition, a social
armation of the work he has done on himself. These days, it has
become almost fashionable for people to telegraph just how aware
they have become. And this uneasy performance has increasingly
been advertised with one word: woke. Think of woke as the
inverse of politically correct. If P.C. is a taunt from the right,
a way of calling out hypersensitivity in political discourse, then
4.24.16 13

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
First Words
woke is a back-pat from the left, a way

of arming the sensitive. It means want-
ing to be considered correct, and want-
ing everyone to know just how correct
you are.
In the 70s, Americans who styled
themselves as radical chic communi-
cated their social commitments by going
to cocktail parties with Black Panthers.
Now they photograph themselves reading
the right books and tweet well-tuned plat-
itudes in an eort to cultivate an image
of themselves as politically engaged.
Matt McGorry, the actor who plays a
sweetly doofy prison guard in Orange
Is the New Black, is a helpful case study
of this phenomenon. McGorrys Insta-
gram presence was once blithely bro-ey
yacht shots, tank tops, a tribute to coco-
nut water. Then he watched the actress
Emma Watson brief the United Nations
on the importance of mens involvement
in the feminist movement, and he took it
to heart. Now he presents his muscular
seles and butt jokes alongside iconog-
raphy of feminism and anti-racism. In
one snap, he holds a copy of The New
Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age
of Colorblindness, in bed, shirtless. In
December, BuzzFeed nodded at McGorry
with a listicle titled: Can We Talk About
How Woke Matt McGorry Was in 2015?
Earning the woke badge is a par-
ticularly tantalizing prospect because it
implies that youre down with the his-
torical ght against prejudice. Its a word
that arose from a specic context of black into its own political consciousness. In Think hes looking for the you-know-what in
struggle and has recently assumed a new an interview with NPR last year, the rap- the you-know-where the performance
sense of urgency among activists ght- per Earl Sweatshirt described listening of woke as of wokeness is so conspicuous that it
ing against racial injustices in Ferguson, to Master Teacher in the car with his the inverse breeds distrust.
Sanford, Baltimore and Flint. When Black mother as a teenager. I was singing the of politically In a 2012 paper about race relations
Lives Matter activists started a website to hook, like, I stay woke, he said. His on Twitter, Dr. Andr Brock, a University
help recruit volunteers to the cause, they mother turned down the music, and she correct. If of Michigan communications professor,
called it StayWoke.org. Woke denotes was like, No youre not. P.C. is a taunt wrote about how the surfacing of popular
awareness, but it also connotes blackness. Earl Sweatshirts mom was caution- from the right, hashtags and trending topics brought
It suggests to white allies that if they walk ing her son against brandishing a word the activities of tech-literate blacks to
the walk, they get to talk the talk. without understanding its history and then woke is mainstream attention, creating a space
The most prominent pop touchstone power. He got the message years later, a back-pat where the expressions of black identity
for stay woke is Erykah Badus 2008 he said, and called her up and announced: from the left. are subject to intense monitoring by
track Master Teacher, in which she sings Im grown. Such reectiveness is often white people a kind of accelerator
the refrain I stay woke. Erykah brought absent from the promiscuous spread of for cultural appropriation. When black
it alive in popular culture, says David woke online. The word has now been activists used stay woke in their Twit-
Stovall, a professor of African-American recycled by people hoping to add splash- ter campaigns against police violence,
studies at the University of Illinois at Chi- es of drama to their own inconsequential the term appeared alongside a host of
cago. She means not being placated, not obsessions, tweeting Raptors will win it trending hashtags #ICantBreathe,
being anesthetized. She brought out what all #STAYWOKE or new bio . . . #stay- #If TheyGunnedMeDown and was
her elders and my elders had been saying woke. The new iteration of radical chic thus agged for white people who have
for hundreds of years. In turn, the track is the guy on Tinder who calls himself a never listened to a Badu album or joined
has helped shepherd the next generation feminist artist in Brooklyn and then says the crowd at a rally.
14 4.24.16 Illustration by Javier Jan

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
Defanged of its political connotations,
stay woke is the new plugged in. In
January, MTV announced woke as a
trendy new slice of teen slang. As Brock
said, The original cultural meaning of
stay woke gets lost in the shule.
And so those who try to signal their
wokeness by saying woke have revealed
themselves to be very unwoke indeed.
Now black cultural critics have retooled
woke yet again, adding a third layer that
claps back at the appropriators. Woke
now works as a dig against those who
claim to be culturally aware and yet are,
sadly, lacking in self-awareness. In a sharp
essay for The Awl, Maya Binyam coined
the term Woke Olympics, a kind of
contest in which white players com-
pete to name racism when it appears
or condemn fellow white folk who are
lagging behind.
The latest revolution of woke doesnt
roll its eyes at white people who care about
racial injustice, but it does narrow them
at those who seem overeager to identify
with the emblems and vernacular of the
struggle. For black activists, there is a cer-
tain practicality in publicly naming white
allies. Being woke, Stovall says, means
being aware of the real issues and will-
ing to speak of them in ways that are
uncomfortable for other white folks. But
identifying allies poses risks, too. There
are times when people have been given
the black pass, and it hasnt worked out
so well, Stovall says. Like Clinton in the
90s. A white person who gains a kind of
license to use power on behalf of black
people can easily wield that power on
behalf of themselves.
Woke feels a little bit like Mackle-
more rapping in one of his latest tracks
about how his whiteness makes his rap
music more acceptable to other white
people. The conundrum is built in. When
white people aspire to get points for con-
sciousness, they walk right into the cross
hairs between allyship and appropriation.
These two concepts seem at odds with
each other, but theyre inextricable. Being
an ally means speaking up on behalf of
others but it often means amplifying
the allys own voice, or centering a white
person in a movement created by black
activists, or celebrating a man who sup-
ports womens rights when feminists
themselves are attacked as man-haters.
Wokeness has currency, but its all too
easy to spend it.

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
On Technology By Jenna Wortham
Every so often, an idea comes along that

Silicon Valley has fallen in love with mesmerizes Silicon Valley and convinces
the most powerful people there that this
chatbots, but so far theyre hardly innovation will irrevocably alter the course
of humankind. Outsize proclamations are
made, lavish events are held and millions
impressive. Is it the industrys fault, of dollars in venture money are funneled
into young, unproven companies. Right
or is it ours? now, that xation has landed on chatbots,

little articial-intelligence programs that
work like personalized assistants.
In January, Sam Lessin, an entrepre-
neur and former Facebook employee who
is working on his own chatbot called Fin,
wrote a blog post breathlessly declaring
the trend a fundamental shift that is
going to change the types of applications
that get developed and the style of service
development in the Valley. If prominent
investors, executives and entrepreneurs
like Lessin are to be believed, the arrival
of the chatbot heralds an entirely new
phase of computing, one with the poten-
tial to overwrite the current app-centric
model that smartphones rely on.
In late March, Microsoft invited 5,000
developers to San Francisco for an annual
conference called Build. A palpable sense
of excitement surrounded the event:
Microsoft intended to show o its lat-
est achievement, a software tool kit that
would allow anyone to use its A.I. plat-
form to create custom chatbots. Though
the company is often viewed as a dino-
saur, it has introduced some surprisingly
sleek products in recent years, and its bot
tool kit seemed interesting enough.
Over a live stream, I watched Satya
Nadella, the chief executive, pacing tri-
umphantly as he talked about the com-
panys advances in machine learning and
language processing. I nodded along as
he described a personal digital assis-
tant that knows you, knows about your
world, a bot helping you with your
everyday tasks. A few minutes later, an
executive giddily showed o a chatbot
that lets people order pizza via text mes-
sage, Skype or Slack. The demonstration
centered on what Microsoft presumably
found most dazzling about the bot: It
could be programmed to recognize
slang. You can send it a message like sup
pizzabot, send a cheese pizza to my crib
ASAP, and a cheese pizza will still arrive
at your crib, ASAP.
Weve long been promised a future aug-
mented by intelligent helpers, of the type
depicted in movies like Her: benevolent
16 4.24.16 Illustration by Jessica Svendsen Next Week: On Photography, by Teju Cole

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
GIVE LEFTOVERS
NEW LIFE
1
Download the app and let us
know youve got the goods
2 SKRPR
A friendly SKRPR comes to

you and scrapes your plate
SKRPR
SKRPR
3 Our drivers deliver your leftovers

to hungry Americans
ScrapedPlate.com

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
On Technology
digital beings who remove some of the April, Facebook announced that it was the D.I.F.M. do-it-for-me revolution.
chaos of modern existence by organizing introducing chatbots to its Messenger And yet for all the hype, none of these bots
our lives, all the while oering emotional app, so that the companys 900 million seem to work that well yet. Over the last
support through chipper encouragement users can order food and get the news, few weeks, Ive played with a handful and
and cute jokes. Sometimes, these helpers simply by chatting with the bots on have struggled to make much use of them.
turn on us, as in 2001: A Space Odyssey. their contact list. Like Facebooks, most I recently needed to make a reservation for
Either way, articial intelligence rep- of these bots work right inside messaging a work lunch. I red up Operator to nd
resents the manifestation of humanitys apps; its like texting with a concierge, me a table, and it quickly sent back a pleas-
biggest hopes and fears for technology. or if Siri birthed a litter of smarter, faster ant but unhelpful reply declining my
But for now, it can help us order Dominos and nimbler ospring ones you can request, as it didnt yet have that capability.
in a dierent window on the same device issue orders to silently and who never I also suspected that many chatbots
we would normally use to order Dominos. get tired, or creeped out, by the nature depend on human workers to complete
Commerce seems to be the primary of your requests. their requests. Mat Honan, the San Fran-
preoccupation of the booming chatbot Outsourcing work to bots sounds ideal cisco bureau chief for BuzzFeed, was
universe. Theres Operator, an all-around to me. My attitude toward technology is able to uncover the logistics behind M
assistant bot created by a founder of fueled by a desire for eciency and a chatbot concierge in development
Uber; Assist, which lets people reserve by laziness. In college, while my friends Jenna Wortham
by Facebook by sending, of all things,
hotels and concert tickets by text; and got into D.I.Y. hobbies like woodworking is a sta writer a rental parrot to another Bay Area tech
x.ai, which books appointments. In and sewing, I joked that I was ready for for the magazine. reporter. It worked; the parrot arrived.
18 4.24.16 Illustration by Jessica Svendsen

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
But afterward, Honan made some phone Articial March with a chatbot named Tay, a vir- rants werent the intended work of Micro-
calls and discovered that Ms articial tual buddy you could talk to on messag- soft, obviously, but the meltdown revealed
intelligence was largely a front. M pro- intelligence ing services like GroupMe and Twitter. an uncomfortable truth: A bot, like any
cessed the question and passed it along represents the Almost immediately, the demonstration other piece of software, is only as good
to a human counterpart to nish the job. manifestation turned into a public-relations nightmare as its makers imagination. Technologies
Similarly, Operator, Magic and Fin all as online pranksters taught Tay to mimic embody the values and the biases and
fall back on hybrid bot-human models. of humanitys hate speech (e.g., Hitler was right I hate prejudices of the society that incubates
Seen this way, chatbots arent that dier- biggest hopes the Jews; I [expletive] hate feminists and them, and if we cant imagine the future
ent from hiring a worker through a service and fears for they should all die and burn in hell). Tays we want, then neither can our creations.
like TaskRabbit or Handy, but without ever
having to acknowledge theres another technology.
human at the other end. As the sheen of But for now, it Poem Selected by Matthew Zapruder
A.I. fades, you can see these chatbots for can help us
what they really are: a convenient way to Bernadette Mayer is associated with the so-called New York School poets whose work
hide human labor. It starts to resemble an order Dominos. tends to explicitly explore the interactions between mundane daily life and the
update on a centuries-old illusion called imagination. Mayers poems are often informal and diaristic, and maintain a tensile
the Mechanical Turk, a chess-playing balance between what Wallace Stevens called the pressure of the real and the
device that was said to be automated but possibility of an inner life. Here the poet fails, tragically, to create a space for herself
was, in fact, powered by a person hidden free of our global worries.
inside the machinery itself.
Even when the services are truly auto-
mated, their functions seem secondary
to Facebooks quest for domination. Bots
developed in partnership with CNN and
The Wall Street Journal can deliver news
headlines by Facebook Messenger; Opera-
tor and Spring let people shop from within
Messenger for clothing and food. Disney
built a bot based on the Muppet Miss Piggy
that users can talk to if they are bored, and Waiting for Dave, Megan and Issa
theres even a version of Zork, an early, By Bernadette Mayer
text-based video game, that works in there,
too. Eventually, Facebook users will be
able to use bots to check movie times, bid
Where am I
on eBay items, browse for hotel deals on Its supposed to be hot and sunny
Expedia, place an order at Burger King and But its cool and threatening
check their bank balances all without Threatening to be changeable
ever having to exit Messenger. Theres a crisis in the banking system
Indeed, its hard not to see that as the Of Afghanistan, some people think the president
depressing point of it all: These bots will Of Syria is dead and in Japan old people will
simply help Facebook and others rope Take over the work at the threatened nuclear power
users in as long as possible, like shermen
Plants so the jeopardizing of their health
trawling the open seas with gaping nets.
The current slate of chatbots on Facebook
Will matter less, in years I guess, nobody
look like innovation clipped for the sake of Has gured out what to do with nuclear waste
supremacy. The company has been mov- In Denmark its to be buried and so nobody
ing in this direction for some time now. In future times will unearth it, the whole
Everything from Facebook Live, its new Area will be covered with faux thorns
real-time streaming product, to Internet Now it is overcast
.org, the nonprot it oversees that seeks Theres an ominous wind blowing
to provide Internet access to the devel- Wait, everythings looking a little brighter
oping world, has been accused of har-
Oh, no, its darkening
boring the same goal: keeping users on
Facebooks turf.
Bots, which promise to make us more
godlike, are instead revealing our all-
too-human shortcomings and pettiness.
Matthew Zapruder is the author of four poetry collections, including, most recently Sun Bear. He
This was on full display when Microsoft teaches poetry at Saint Marys College of California and is editor at large at Wave Books. Bernadette Mayer
tried to show o the prowess of its A.I. in is a poet whose most recent collection, Works and Days, will be published by New Directions in June.
Illustration by R. O. Blechman 19

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
The Ethicist By Kwame Anthony Appiah
that voting is irrational. You can have rea- duty, or because it asserts the importance
Can My son to bet on a highly unlikely event if the

payo is big enough. In one scenario
proposed by the statistician Andrew Gel-
of the electoral process, or because, win
or lose, the number of people on your
side sends a message. One reason that
Daughter Vote man and colleagues you might gure

that your candidates winning would make
the average American about $100 better
Im drawn to is pretty simple, and it starts
with thinking of voting as something we
did, rather than merely something I did.
At Her Swing- o. With about 320 million of us, thats a

$32 billion payout! Suppose the chance that
your vote will make the dierence is one
Imagine youre playing tug of war. If
you (singular) pull on your side and you
(plural) win, you are part of the winning
State College? in 10 million. Then if you care about your

compatriots, that one-in-10-million chance
of making a dierence the $32 billion
team, and you can truthfully say we won.
And thats so even if your team would have
won without you. This is how shared agen-
payout represents a lottery ticket for cy works. If you lose, you have to say we
which it would be reasonable to pay more lost. But you can also say that you were
than $3,000. Unless you think your time is among the people who helped determine
hugely valuable, it might still be worth the outcome, even when it isnt the one
buying if you valued the payout at a tenth you favored. You played a part.
or even a hundredth of that amount. But Of course, there are skeptics about all
many voters especially the undecideds these arguments . . . as there are about
dont think that one candidate will create most arguments in philosophy. So, nal-
Our daughter just celebrated her 18th vastly more value than another. They lack ly, your daughter might bear in mind
birthday and is excited about being able this rationale for voting. that voting aside, everything she can do
to vote. She is active politically and has So try another argument, proposed by to aect the outcome (like campaigning,
strong opinions about many social and the political theorist Richard Tuck. Elec- which may make more of a dierence) she
political issues. She is considering majoring tions really are decided by a single vote: is entitled to do anyplace in the country
in political science at the college she will the one vote that takes a candidate to the regardless of where she collects her mail.
attend later this year. She believes her vote threshold required to win. In this view,
may be more valuable in the swing state theres a healthy chance that your vote, in A co-worker with Stage 4 cancer needed to
where she will attend college than in her combination with lots of others, will be pay for a treatment not covered by insurance
home state, which is considered a lock causally ecacious. It will be one of those that might save or prolong his life. His
for national and state elections. Is it ethical that lifts your candidate to that threshold. wife set up a GoFundMe campaign to raise
for her to register to vote at college? Granted, there are plenty of superuous money. With just over half the required
votes: the ones that took the candidate funds collected, the drive slowed to a halt.
Kate H. beyond the threshold. But in a typical His wife soon announced that the treatment
election, odds are high that your ballot was no longer recommended because her
In any election that involves multiple dis- will belong to the ecacious set. husbands health had declined. She added
tricts, there are rules about how people Yet more reasons have been oated. It that she would use the funds to cover home
who move regularly between one place might be good to vote because it is a civic hospice care. Her husband died the next
and another may vote. Many students
declare the place where they go to school
to be their principal residence and are
legally entitled to vote there. As long as Bonus Advice From Judge John Hodgman
your daughter abides by the rules, theres
no ethical reason she shouldnt join the Cole writes: My roommate, Alex, refuses to let his cat,
ranks of the swing-state voters. Luna, consume catnip, even though Luna clearly has a desire
But as a prospective political-science to experiment with it. After over two years of adorably
major, your daughter might want to inter- meowing and grooming Alexs beard, I believe that Luna
rogate her reasons for doing so. While the should at least be allowed to try catnip.
vote may be closer where shes going to
To submit a query: college, the probability that the outcome Look, I dont know why Alex is denying Luna catnip any
Send an email to will depend on her vote is close to zero. A more than I understand the beard licking. That said, there
ethicist@nytimes study done by a couple of Chicago econ- are no adverse affects to occasional nip-dosing. Lots of
Illustration by Kyle Hilton
.com; or send mail

to The Ethicist, The omists found that just one congressional cats actually feel no intoxicating effect at all (supporting my
New York Times race since the 1890s was decided by a sin- long-held theory: Lots of cats are fakers). But let me ask:
Magazine, 620 gle vote, and that was in 1910. No pres- Do you clean Lunas litter box? No? Then shut up. P.S.: How
Eighth Avenue, New
idential election has ever hung on one. do you know Luna wants to experiment unless youve
York, N.Y. 10018.
(Include a daytime That your vote alone almost certainly offered her a hit, or have done so much catnip yourself that
phone number.) wont determine who wins doesnt mean you think you speak cat. Either way, get clean, dude.
20 4.24.16 Illustration by Tomi Um

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
day; I later heard the funds will now be Unlike a deal, the best move, since it will embarrass specic, a gift is not hedged about with
used for funeral expenses. no one while serving as a warning to conditions. Your co-workers illness
I asked a couple of donors what they in which you readers about the potential for abuse imposed costs not covered by insurance,
thought of this, and their response was that give someone in crowdfunding mechanisms? and his wife is now using the money to pay
the money was for the cancer victim and money in return the last and saddest of those. Was there
they didnt care what it was used for, adding Name Withheld an understanding, perhaps implicit, that
that there must be something wrong with for something the money was to be used for only the
anyone (me) who had a problem with this. specic, a gift is Your story reects diculties in the way experimental treatment? That was clear-
However, the people I asked had donated not hedged we deal with catastrophic health prob- ly your impression. So it would certainly
roughly the price of a meal, while I donated lems. One is the possibility that insurance have been better, once that option was o
10 times that amount. about with companies will deny patients treatments the table, for the wife to have oered to
I am not going to ask for my donation conditions. that would actually be helpful. Another, return the money to anyone who asked for
back; it was money I had already put though, is that people are often talked it. You can see how she made the decisions
aside for charity. But this turn of events left into spending money on treatments that she did, though, by small steps. Using the
a bad taste in my mouth. The donors were have no value. So we start by not knowing money for hospice care seemed like a rea-
put in an awkward position, having to trust whether the GoFundMe campaign was a sonable extension of medical care; and if
that the expensive treatment was approved good idea. Even if it was, people are often hospice care was O.K., why not a funer-
by a doctor (very little information was asking for help, as in this case, without al? So while I understand your disquiet, I
presented), and I nd myself wondering knowing what theyll actually need. And would urge you to extend your generosity
if the whole thing was arranged just people inevitably make gifts without a full about your co-workers medical problem
to cover the usual costs associated with picture of what theyre supporting. It can to the needs of his grieving widow.
an illness and death. be genuinely unclear what falls within the
Is this a no harm, no foul situation? scope of the donors intentions.
Kwame Anthony Appiah teaches philosophy
Should I le a complaint with GoFundMe? But unlike a deal, in which you give at N.Y.U. He is the author of Cosmopolitanism and
Or is publishing this account in your column someone money in return for something The Honor Code: How Moral Revolutions Happen.

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
Letter of Recommendation
AstroTurf
By Rebecca Giggs
On a lawn drawn long by sunset, who it. But heres the rub any greenskeeper Lawns are hardly toward a meager Eden. No, what I long
natural. Why
is not intoxicated? That cut-grass scent, knows: The work of a living lawn is to for is a lawn that can give you an electric
not go all the way?
cis-3-hexanol, is called leaf alcohol. You self-destruct. In Australia, where I live, shock, a ground thats knitted.
dont need to name it to know it, the especially. Through summer, drought or Once I lived in a house surrounded
wooziness of air strewn by a mower. Still, no, the government enforces water-use by AstroTurf. The landlord had scotched
I love a lawn overgrown and skimmed by restrictions in many cities. The unirri- the real-grass garden a blessing for
the wind. Liminal hours are the best to gated grass contracts, crackles under- renters. When I walked barefoot in the
enjoy it: dawn, dusk. A great green oor, foot and dots with bindii prickle. Then morning, the articial grass emitted a
pinned by dandelion clocks. lawns turn to curated dust pits, pocked static charge that set your hair on end
At the stadium, I watch the eld for- with loose, yellow tussocks. Resolute fer- and made your llings tingle against
get the game enthralled by the whole tilizers drift underground. You can hire your gums. The AstroTurf was soft and
fragmented vegetable, that creeping guys, and people do, to spray-paint the brillar and worn in. It held the heat of
carpet all alive as Wordsworth had yard green. Such labor, such expense, yesterday, luxe as a towel pulled down
22 4.24.16 Photograph by Ilona Szwarc

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
from the radiator. You could rumple it Amount of were! How idiosyncratic! That AstroTurf gaudy youth, that radiant peaking of the
residential water
with your toes. We did. Dewy, the fake homogenized the lawn was not insidious. fantastical lawn like a photograph of an
used on landscape
lawn shimmered an arsenic green. A irrigation in the It was optimistic. Now plastic everywhere ordinary lawn with the color dialed up and
term in our lease warned against spill- U.S. daily: 9 billion is thought such gimcrack stu, ripe for the imperfections smoothed out.
ing mustard, butter, blood and glue gallons landll, and this attitude is passed o as When you watch television from the
outside. (Inside, apparently, such spills Amount used
nave. But things look dierent from a late 20th century, all the lawns look like
presented no problem.) on Californias world thats populated by more plastic AstroTurf, even if they werent. Im talking
Beyond the homes awnings, the sun residential lawn amingos than living amingos. about that hyperreal grass in American
had bleached our synthetic turf, which landscapes So many things that appear like nature grill advertisements and sitcoms. Video
annually:
graded through to a deeper viridian under More than 1 perfected turn out to be nature depleted. technology has so advanced that, in con-
the trees at the end of the lot a Rothko trillion gallons All lawns are a kind of plant taxidermy, trast, the lawns from the early years of
ung outdoors. We caressed it one way sculpture made from botany gutted and color TV blur and saturate. They achieve
Percentage of
and then the other, palming crop circles residential water
attened. Even alive, lawns occupy a state of the melodrama of AstroTurf.
and cowlicks. I was 25 and romantic. This used outdoors in eerie, suspended animation, bereft of seed- What a pleasure that is, watching the
was a kind of yardwork I could get into; Tucson: 40 ing and grass owers. Maybe this is why grass not grow. AstroTurf is lawn not
not gardening but manicuring the lawn, we like to bury our dead underneath lawns. post-mortem but persistently teetering on
In Phoenix: 60
upkeep by ngertip. In the hot months, But AstroTurf is the kind of taxidermy that the edge of the downward slope toward
though, we vacuumed the yard exten- veers enthusiastically into kitsch, the lurid it. It cant get more green than it is. Astro-
sion cords daisy-chained back indoors. wax museum of lawn. In part, attribute Turf is a surface that stays supercial. A
Once the rain swept in, the mock lawn this to its persistence. AstroTurf is xed in rootless splendor.
sprouted moss and weeds. Then it turned
into a microfauna park for insects, mush-
rooms and the odd frog that had wan-
dered in as if out of a fable, gold-eyed and Tip By Malia Wollan full narrative. By asking them to recount
dark as a g. We plucked at the damp mat- ne-grain particulars, you maximize the
ting, bored by the weather. A few times
How to Interrogate amount of mental energy they are expend-
we tried to mow the AstroTurf, it was so Someone ing on their story, thereby ratcheting up
clotted with clover. We put one frog back what psychologists call their cogni-
over the fence several times. Or: We put tive load. As they try to reconstruct the
several frogs over the fence once. circumstances leading up to the event
Dried out in spring, the faux grass was in question, you can employ so-called
as good as new. extenders: Really? Tell me more about
Originally known as Chemgrass, that. Many police departments use a more
AstroTurf was invented in the mid-1960s confession-oriented method with a dis-
by a subsidiary of Monsanto. Chemgrass tinctly parental tone (I know you did it;
was designed for sports, and predict- now tell me why). But researchers have
able ricochet was its appeal. Consistent begun asking if that approach leads to false
with the starry lunacy of the zeitgeist, confessions. A cognitive interviewer takes
when the turf was installed in Houstons a dierent, more journalistic approach,
Astrodome, men in spacesuits swept it Strike up a conversation rst. Start with gathering as much information as possible.
between innings. People wanted it for a neutral topic, like the weather, says Do this by posing open-ended, or what
their homes: this moon grass, sod antic- Edward Geiselman, an emeritus professor Geiselman calls expansion, queries. A
ipating the space ages descent back of psychology at the University of Califor- truthful person usually answers a follow-up
down to Earth. Savvy marketers renamed nia, Los Angeles. Disarm your interlocutor question with additional details. A liar
it AstroTurf. Then ordinary people, too, by being friendly, even collegial. Toby tends to stick with the same, bare-bones
took daily walks on a bit of sky. Keith wrote that country song, I Wanna answers. But dont give too much credence
Yet AstroTurf remains an object Talk About Me, Geiselman says. Keep to body language. Studies have repeatedly
strangely out of time. By which I mean that in mind: People like to talk about shown that nonverbal behavior (averted
it feels like a souvenir from an era when themselves. Oer drink or food. Once, eyes, folded arms, lip biting, dgeting)
the domestic aesthetic was all ersatz nos- while working a case with the Los Angeles does not reliably indicate deception.
talgia. Those years when Bakelite, cellu- Police Department, the interviewee asked Instead, request the unexpected.
loid and laminate subbed in for tortoise for a Filet-O-Fish. Geiselman bought her Geiselman recommends asking some-
shell, crystal and marble. Then the fake one, and she relaxed, slipping into chatti- one to illustrate events with a pencil and
product celebrated its fakeness as an ness as she ate. That sandwich changed paper or to retell the story starting at the
industrial improvement on the short- everything, he says. end. A liars account will begin to break
comings of the real thing. When coun- Geiselman is a chief architect of the down. Spending the mental processing
terfeit was quality, everything memori- cognitive interview, an interrogation power needed to keep a story straight,
alized natures deciencies. How aky, protocol used by the police internationally. he says, essentially puts them at the edge
how impermanent, organic materials The aim is to get interviewees to divulge a of their ability to function cognitively.
Illustration by Radio 23

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
Eat By Tamar Adler
A New Leaf
That lettuce in your fridge why not try cooking it?
24 4.24.16 Photograph by Davide Luciano Food stylist: Maggie Ruggiero. Prop stylist: Paola Andrea.

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
Cooking turns I like lettuce cooked. . . . but useless. Cream-of-Lettuce Soup wedges of lettuce to quickly and lightly
That wasnt always extraordinary. from The Boston Cooking School Mag- wilt in warm butter and broth and spoon
the predictable In the beginning, any pot near an herb azine (1904-5) produces a thick white it over hot bread. Thats all.
salad garden had a head of lettuce burbling substance, sure to taste of flour, but- Any buttery saut, or even a short
ingredient into in it. In Apicius, from imperial Rome, ter, milk, cream and little else. A year stay on a hot, carefully oiled grill, will
we come by: Cook the lettuce leaves later, the magazine offered a recipe underline the pleasures of hot lettuce,
an elegant hot with onion in soda water, squeeze the for Stewed Lettuce that torments the which are so many, so ancient, so inno-
soup or snack. water out, chop very ne; in the mortar poor vegetable, for over an hour, into cent and so plain that . . . oh, but bet-
crush pepper, lovage, celery seed, dry pulp. Even Julia Childs Braised Lettuce, ter just to try it for yourself. And be so
mint, onion; add stock, oil and wine. comparatively recent (1961), overcooks happy that you will toast your table with
Cooked lettuce appears in medieval Pla- lettuce to exhaustion, demanding a Senecas old words: When shall we live
tina as both physic and nutriment: The boil, an hourlong simmer and then a if not now?
divine Augustus, having fallen ill, was final saucing with reduced broth and
saved by eating lettuce. . . . Put cooked more butter.
lettuce, with the water squeezed out, in I know only three or four good spec- Braised Lettuce on Anchovy Toast
a dish when you have dressed it with imens. The rst is soup la Dauphine, Time: 20 minutes
salt and oil and vinegar, and serve it to from Alexandre Dumas pre, which calls
your guests. for wilting lettuce, spinach, leek, onions, 1 large head romaine lettuce or two
Nearer, in time and place, there was sorrel, purslane and edible owers in smaller ones
lettuce la crme (Downtown Club, butter, adding vegetable stock and serv- 18 anchovy llets, roughly chopped
1900), lettuce la reine (New York Ath- ing over toast. Another honest approach garlic clove, pounded to a paste with
letic Club, 1900), lettuce demi-glace (St. as found in Elizabeth Davids Laitue a little bit of salt
Regis, 1905). You might have eaten let- au Jus and in M.F.K. Fishers spoonful 7 tablespoons unsalted butter, at room
temperature, divided
tuce braised there, or at the Plaza, the of this hot juice involves pouring the
Pierre or the Yale Club on any day in buttery juice left in a pan of roasted meat 6 pieces rustic bread, about 3 inches
by 2 inches, sliced about -inch thick
the 1930s. Cream of lettuce Bostonienne into a bowl of lettuces. There are service-
streamed from a ladle at the Hotel able recipes for petits pois la Franaise cup chicken or vegetable stock
Commodore in 1933; a velout of lettuce spring peas, onions, bacon, lettuce Kosher or sea salt to taste
from a larger one aboard the Paquebot though I usually change their details to Zest of half a lemon
Libert, during a trans-Atlantic voyage match my habits.
in 1959 after which you might have I love cooking lettuce because, like 1. Remove the outer leaves from the romaine,
saving them for soup. Trim the stem, leaving
lunched on cream of lettuce at Harrods most people, I have lettuce, and cooking
it intact and leaves connected. Cut the head
and floated home buoyed by a velout gives it a dierent manner making the into 6 thin wedges, each wedge connected
of lettuce Svign. The last (braised) predictable salad ingredient into an ele- at the core/stem.
evidence Ive found is at the Yale Club gant hot soup or snack. Out of step with
in 1979. my era on this practice, I follow a rule 2. Make anchovy butter by pounding the
anchovies to a paste with the garlic paste,
Then what? I cant say for certain. that makes sense to me: I stay conscious then mashing in 4 tablespoons butter.
Basically, I think, with nutritionists of how quickly lettuce wilts, and of how Combine well.
and biochemists on our side or us innately it shrinks in heat, aiming to let
on theirs we determined that lettuce warm fat make its changes, while leaving 3. Toast the bread.
was good for us. We settled on that as lettuce its fresh crispness even if the
4. Warm a pan large enough to fit all of
its central quality, such things becom- lettuce is long-distance romaine from the lettuce wedges. Add remaining butter.
ing more black-and-white as time passes, across the country, fresh only from the Once it has melted, add the stock, and
and decided that, when transformed by crisper drawer. fit the romaine wedges closely into the pan
heat, lettuce was worse health food For lettuce soup, I wilt onions in but- in a single layer. Salt lightly. Cook over
medium heat for about 2 minutes, and turn
less elixir, more supper. (This matter, ter, then add whatever soft herbs, like
all the wedges to another side. Salt again,
like many in nutritional science, is gray: parsley, chervil, savory, tarragon, mint, and scatter with lemon zest. Continue to cook,
water-soluble vitamins may degrade in I have the more the merrier then turning once or twice more, until the liquid
heat, fat-soluble ones may not; some lettuce leaves and barely enough water in the pan is absorbed and the lettuce is very
vitaminic compounds are more digest- to cover them. I cook it just as long as it wilted on the leaf end and tender on the
stem end. Turn off heat.
ible when heated. Less data exist for hot takes to really get hot, then pure it, with
and cold lettuce than for carrots and a little more butter or a drizzle of good 5. In the pan or on a cutting board, cut each
broccoli, because lettuce is less often olive oil. The whole operation is quick, wedge once or twice horizontally.
cooked. Regardless, any vegetable you and the result is simple and good, and
eat is better for you than one you dont, even better the next day. 6. Spread each piece of toast thickly with
anchovy butter, then top with the sections
even if its vitamin C is diminished.) For braised lettuce especially of a wedge of lettuce. Sprinkle each
The practical hurdle to lettuce cook- ambrosial if, as suggested here, a dis- lightly with salt again, if desired. Serve hot.
ery is finding good instruction. The rec- creet anchovy or 10 are permitted
ipes are almost all old. They are quaint everything is fast and minimal. I put thin Serves 6.
Comment: nytimes.com/magazine 25

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
Drink By Rosie Schaap
highball called the Hamlet, which in one
As You Like It
What-You-Will
version is just aquavit on ice, zzed up Punch
with bitter-lemon soda. (about 10 servings)

But if you feel, as I do, that Shake-
To honor the 400th anniversary of Shakespeares speare rates greater eort, I have two cup blood-orange
oleo-saccharum
suggestions. I recently created a punch
death, some cocktails for saluting his eternal verse. in honor of South Brooklyn Shakespeare,
(Recipe is at
nytimes.com.)
the nonprot theater company run by
2 cups whiskey
the owners of the bar where I work.
(Something mellow;
Its next production is Twelfth Night I think Irish whiskey
Drinkers probably love William Shake- tells Macdu in Macbeth, is a great which happens to be a wonderfully works best here.)
speare more than Shakespeare loved provoker of three things . . . nose-painting, boozy play. In Act 2, Sir Toby, Sir Andrew 2 cups brewed black
drinkers. In college, I discovered the sleep and urine. and Feste stay up late drinking. Sir Toby tea, not too weak,
particular pleasure of exercising the We know little about Shakespeares is like Falsta, immoderate, all about not too strong (I prefer
liquor-loosened tongue on Shakespeares drinking preferences. Even a recent revelry, Susan Harlan, who teaches Darjeeling.)
glorious language, and reciting his son- cocktail book called Shakespeare, Not Shakespeare at Wake Forest University, 1 cups fresh
nets was one of my favorite bar pastimes. Stirred, written by two Shakespeare says. Olivia is in mourning, so her blood-orange juice
No. 129 was always a hit, with its adjectival scholars, skirts the issue: If youre won- drunken houseguests are too much, cup fresh
litany of nastiness: murderous, bloody, dering what Shakespeare ate and drank, given her mood. Her steward, Malvolio, lemon juice
full of blame/Savage, extreme, rude, they write, this isnt the book for you. says angrily that they make an alehouse of
4 dashes
cruel. April 23 marks the 400th anniver- We do know that in his era, ale, cider and my ladys house, but these characters also Angostura bitters
sary of Shakespeares death, as good a wine were popular alcoholic beverages, so bring festivity into her cloistered court,
4 dashes orange bitters
reason as any to raise a glass even if he a toast to Shakespeare can be as simple as and in a comedy, thats a good thing.
could be tough on drink: Drink, a porter hoisting a bottle of beer. Almost as easy: a I call the punch What You Will, after 3 cinnamon sticks,
the plays subtitle. And even though I slightly bruised
serve it in springtime, I wanted to include Blood-orange wheels

avors that evoke the winter holiday from (to garnish punch bowl)
which the play takes its name; nutmeg Whole nutmeg
and cinnamon do the trick. The whis-
Prepare oleo-saccharum
key-based punch contains the juice of a day in advance.
blood oranges, which I imagine grew in Combine it with
ancient Illyria, where Twelfth Night whiskey, tea, blood-
takes place. (My conjecture gets some orange juice, lemon
juice, bitters and
encouragement from the title of John cinnamon sticks in a
Hawkess 1970 novel set in Illyria: The pitcher. Refrigerate
Blood Oranges.) for at least three hours.
If youd rather just make a drink or Remove cinnamon
sticks and transfer
two than a whole bowl of punch, theres punch to a punch bowl.
a fine vintage cocktail whose name Add five cups of ice.
appears in Shakespeares greatest play Float blood-orange
(I will never be persuaded by any argu- wheels in the bowl.
Grate a little nutmeg on
ment in favor of another), King Lear. top of each serving.
The drink is called the Serpents Tooth.
A recipe for it appears in Crosby Gaiges
1941 charming, odd Cocktail Guide and Serpents Tooth
Ladies Companion; whether it predates
oz. Irish whiskey
the book or is Gaiges creation, I can-
not say. How closely its contents were 1 oz. sweet vermouth
intended to reect the tragic goings- oz. kmmel
on in Lear is also unknown but its
blend of whiskey, vermouth, lemon juice, oz. fresh
lemon juice
kmmel (a liqueur laced with caraway
and other spices) and bitters has appro- 2 dashes
Angostura bitters
priate gravitas. Given the provenance
of its name, it may be unsuitable for Shake ingredients
family gatherings (How sharper than a with ice; strain into a
serpents tooth it is/To have a thankless chilled cocktail glass.
child!), but its just right for celebrating
Shakespeares genius.
26 4.24.16 Photograph by Davide Luciano Food stylist: Maggie Ruggiero. Prop stylist: Gozde Eker.

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
Lives
One lazy Sunday when I was younger, I looked around in panic. On the third
Wild Ride I was with three friends playing cards,

just hanging out. It was still morning, but
you could tell it was going to be hot, and
side there was a cli and on the other
the wall of a residence, with a gate . . .
that was open! I reached it just as a guard
In the mountains of Colombia, we began to gaze at the mountains long- from the compound rushed to shut it. I
ingly. My hometown, Cali, spreads out got my front wheel in, but the man kept
a bicycle outing turns hairy. below the Farallones mountains, which slamming the gate, yelling: I cant let
are beautiful to look at and just as beau- you in or they will kill me! Now get out
As told to Laura Bauerlein tiful to explore, an easy hike or ride in so I can take shelter! I let go, and he
clean air away. turned the lock.
Lets go for a bike ride, one of us sug- There was nothing to do but throw
gested, and the others immediately agreed. ourselves into the dirt, pulling our bikes
We hopped on our bikes and started over us as bullets started to y. They
across town, toward the path that leads whizzed through the air, ricocheted,
into the hills from La Buitrera. On our way got sucked up into the wall (I remem-
we ran into some other friends who were ber the slurping sound). All around was
also on their bikes, and they enthusiasti- the tlin-tlin-tlin and ratatatata of bullets
cally joined our group. Now there were bouncing o things.
six of us. We cycled for a while, then took Of course it felt like eternity, but it
a break and sat down on the grass, getting might have only been minutes. Then
out our cards and some weed to smoke. it stopped. They were reloading their
The air was crisp and smelled of green; the weapons. Guys, Im going! I called to
sun was warm, not hot, on our faces. my friends. Im leaving! I got up, lifted
Then, out of nowhere, a man in rubber my arms over my head and called out: Im
boots appeared, giving us a stern look. a student! Dont shoot! I am a student! Stu-
Youve seen the crosses along the path, dent! Student!
yes? he asked. In Colombia, there are lots I kept yelling as I jumped on my bike
of wooden crosses everywhere. Where and headed toward the trail leading
theres a cross, someone has died. Well, away. My friends were right behind me.
youve seen them? he said. Thats what I raced as if there were no tomorrow
happens to kids who behave the way you (indeed, was there?), feeling adrenaline
do up here. Get out. all through my body. We rode as fast
We were quick to wrap up our stu and as we could, uphill, for maybe a mile
get on our bikes. This guy had disturbed without ever looking back. The shoot-
us, not so much with what hed said but ing had started again, and that sound of
by his looks. Rubber boots like that in the bullets was all around us again. Finally
countryside, in the elds, in Colombia, we reached a building belonging to a
usually means guerrilla. A bit shaken, we power plant. Our shouting was so frantic
gladly rode on. that they let us in.
After a short while, we passed a car As soon as I was inside, my legs start-
heading in the other direction. Sudden- ed trembling so hard I couldnt stand. I
ly there was a huge boom and a cloud of almost lost consciousness. The people
smoke. The car had blown up. working there gave us water, and we
I hit the pedals as hard as I could to get tried to calm down and make sense of
away. Before we could grasp what had hap- things. The shooting went on and on, and
pened (it was a land mine, I later under- through the windows (we were now high-
stood), the trail took a long sharp turn to er up from the scene) we saw heavy armor
the left, and I had to stay focused. When I coming up from the city. After a while,
came out of the curve, I almost fell o my we decided to make a break for it. From
bike: in front of us, just a few meters ahead, the power plant there was a path leading
were a bunch of military police all lined up, away from the ght, straight downhill
armed with machine guns, and they were into town, and we made it home.
aiming them directly at us. Two days later it was Dec. 8, Feast of the
Or were they? I turned around and saw Immaculate Conception, a big celebration
Name: Location: at a restaurant. that the path we had come from was now in my city. I was out with friends and fam-
Andres Fernando Santiago de Cali, He told his story to thick with armed guerrillas. The guerrillas ily, but around midnight, when the re-
Lopez Gomez Colombia Laura Bauerlein
were behind us, the cops in front, both works started, I had to go home. I couldnt
in a mix of Spanish
Age: groups aiming at us or rather, at each take any bam-bam-boom-banging, not
Gomez currently lives and Italian.
38
in Rome and works other. We were caught in the middle. even if it was meant to be festive.
Illustration by Melinda Josie 27

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
IS FOR HAWK
By Mark Landler

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
Hillary Clintons tough talk isnt just talk. Throughout her career as a senator and
secretary of state, she displayed instincts on foreign policy that are far more aggressive
than those of President Obama and most Democrats.
Illustration by Justin Metz from a concept by Pablo Delcan

29

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
more troops to Afghanistan, before endorsing a
fallback proposal of 30,000 (Obama went along
with that, though he stipulated that the soldiers
would begin to pull out again in July 2011, which
she viewed as problematic). She supported
the Pentagons plan to leave behind a residual
force of 10,000 to 20,000 American troops in
Iraq (Obama balked at this, largely because of
his inability to win legal protections from the
Iraqis, a failure that was to haunt him when the
Islamic State overran much of the country). And
she pressed for the United States to funnel arms
to the rebels in Syrias civil war (an idea Obama
initially rebued before later, halfheartedly, com-
ing around to it).
That fundamental tension between Clinton
and the president would continue to be a den-
ing feature of her four-year tenure as secretary
of state. In the administrations rst high-level
meeting on Russia in February 2009, aides to
Obama proposed that the United States make
some symbolic concessions to Russia as a ges-
ture of its good will in resetting the relationship.
Clinton, the last to speak, brusquely rejected the
idea, saying, Im not giving up anything for noth-
ing. Her hardheadedness made an impression on
Robert Gates, the defense secretary and George
W. Bush holdover who was wary of a changed
Russia. He decided there and then that she was
someone he could do business with.
I thought, This is a tough lady, he told me.
A few months after my interview in her oce,
another split emerged when Obama picked up
a secure phone for a weekend conference call
with Clinton, Gates and a handful of other advis-
ers. It was July 2010, four months after the North
Korean military torpedoed a South Korean Navy
illary Clinton sat in the hideaway study o her Weve developed, I think, a very good rap- corvette, sinking it and killing 46 sailors. Now,
ceremonial oce in the State Department, sip- port, really positive back-and-forth about every- after weeks of erce debate between the Penta-
ping tea and taking stock of her rst year on the thing you can imagine, Clinton said about the gon and the State Department, the United States
job. The study was more like a den cozy and man she described during the 2008 campaign as was gearing up to respond to this brazen provo-
wood-paneled, lined with bookshelves that dis- nave, irresponsible and hopelessly unprepared cation. The tentative plan developed by Clin-
played mementos from Clintons three decades to be president. And weve had some interesting tons deputy at State, James Steinberg was to
in the public eye: a statue of her heroine, Eleanor and even unusual experiences along the way. dispatch the aircraft carrier George Washington
Roosevelt; a baseball signed by the Chicago Cubs She leaned forward as she spoke, gesturing into coastal waters to the east of North Korea as
star Ernie Banks; a carved wooden gure of a with her hands and laughing easily. In talking an unusual show of force.
pregnant African woman. The intimate setting with reporters, Clinton displays more warmth But Adm. Robert Willard, then the Pacic com-
lent itself to a less-formal interview than the usual than Obama does, though theres less of an expec- mander, wanted to send the carrier on a more
locale, her imposing outer oce, with its marble tation that she might say something revealing. aggressive course, into the Yellow Sea, between
replace, heavy drapes, crystal chandelier and Clinton singled out, as she often would, the North Korea and China. The Chinese foreign
ornate wall sconces. On the morning of Feb. 26, United Nations climate-change meeting in ministry had warned the United States against
2010, however, Clinton was talking about some- Copenhagen the previous December, where she the move, which for Willard was all the more
thing more sensitive than mere foreign aairs: and Obama worked together to save the meeting reason to press forward. He pushed the chairman
her relationship with Barack Obama. To say she from collapse. She brought up the Middle East of the Joint Chiefs of Sta, Mike Mullen, who in
chose her words carefully doesnt do justice to peace process, a signature project of the presi- turn pushed his boss, the defense secretary, to
the delicacy of the exercise. She was like a bomb- dents, which she had been tasked with reviving. reroute the George Washington. Gates agreed,
squad technician, deciding which color wire to But she was understandably wary of talking about but he needed the commander in chief to sign
snip without blowing up her relationship with areas in which she and Obama split namely, on o on a decision that could have political as well
the White House. bedrock issues of war and peace, where Clintons as military repercussions.
more activist philosophy had already collided Gates laid out the case for diverting the
in unpredictable ways with her bosss instincts George Washington to the Yellow Sea: that the
This article is adapted from Alter Egos: Hillary Clinton,
Barack Obama and the Twilight Struggle Over American toward restraint. She had backed Gen. Stanley United States should not look as if it was yielding
Power, published this month by Random House. McChrystals recommendation to send 40,000 to China. Clinton strongly seconded it. Weve
30 4.24.16

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
got to run it up the gut! she had said to her aides Hillary Clinton would assume the oce with a
a few days earlier. (The Vince Lombardi imitation long record on national security. There are many Hillary Clinton is
drew giggles from her sta, who, even 18 months
into her tenure, still marveled at her pugnacity.)
ways to examine that record, but one of the most
revealing is to explore her decades-long cultiva-
the last true hawk
Obama, though, was not persuaded. The tion of the military not just civilian leaders like left in the race.
George Washington was already underway; Gates, but also its high-ranking commanders, the
changing its course was not a decision to make men with the medals. Her anity for the armed
on the y. forces is rooted in a lifelong belief that the calcu-
I dont call audibles with aircraft carriers, he lated use of military power is vital to defending
said unwittingly one-upping Clinton on her national interests, that American intervention 2015 over breakfast with voters in New Hamp-
football metaphor. does more good than harm and that the writ of shire: certainly, theres no concrete evidence that
It wasnt the last debate in which she would the United States properly reaches, as Bush once it happened, and Bill gave a dierent account of
side with Gates. The two quickly discovered put it, into any dark corner of the world. Unex- it in 2008, substituting the Army for the Marines.
that they shared a Midwestern upbringing, a pectedly, in the bombastic, testosterone-fueled Why would a professionally minded Yale Law
taste for a sti drink after a long day of work and presidential election of 2016, Hillary Clinton is graduate, on the cusp of marriage, suddenly want
a deep-seated skepticism about the intentions the last true hawk left in the race. to put on a uniform? Its impossible to decipher
of Americas foes. Bruce Riedel, a former intel- her possible motives, but Ann Henry, an old
ligence analyst who conducted Obamas initial For those who know Clintons biography, her friend who taught at the university after Clinton
review on the Afghanistan war, says: I think one embrace of the military should come as no sur- moved to Little Rock, oers a theory: During
of the surprises for Gates and the military was, prise. She grew up in the buoyant aftermath of those days, she recalls, female faculty members,
here they come in expecting a very left-of-center World War II, the daughter of a Navy petty ocer as an exercise, would test the boundaries of
administration, and they discover that they have who trained young sailors before they shipped careers that appeared closed to women. I dont
a secretary of state whos a little bit right of them out to the Pacic. Her father, Hugh Rodham, was think its made up, she says. It was consistent
on these issues a little more eager than they are, a staunch Republican and an anticommunist, and with something she would have done.
to a certain extent. Particularly on Afghanistan, she channeled his views. She talks often about Clintons next sustained exposure to the mili-
where I think Gates knew more had to be done, her girlhood dream of becoming an astronaut, tary did not come until she was rst lady, almost
knew more troops needed to be sent in, but had citing the rejection letter she got from NASA as two decades later. Living in the White House is,
a lot of doubts about whether it would work. the rst time she encountered gender discrimi- in many ways, like living in a military compound.
As Hillary Clinton makes another run for pres- nation. Her real motive for volunteering, she has A Marine stands guard in front of the West Wing
ident, it can be tempting to view her hard-edged written, may have been because her father fretted when the president is in the Oval Oce. The Mili-
rhetoric about the world less as deeply felt core that America was lagging behind Russia. tary Oce operates the medical center and the
principle than as calculated political maneuver. Political conversion came later, after Vietnam telecommunications system. The Navy runs the
But Clintons foreign-policy instincts are bred and the 60s swept over Wellesley College, where cafeteria, the Marines transport the president by
in the bone grounded in cold realism about she spoke out against the establishment at her helicopter, the Air Force by plane. Camp David
human nature and what one aide calls a textbook graduation. But even in the tumultuous year of is a naval facility. The daily contact with men and
view of American exceptionalism. It set her apart 1968, she was still making her transition from women in uniform, Clintons friends say, deep-
from her rival-turned-boss, Barack Obama, who Republican to Democrat, managing to go to the ened her feelings for them.
avoided military entanglements and tried to rec- conventions of both parties. As a Republican In March 1996, the rst lady visited American
oncile Americans to a world in which the United intern in Washington that summer, she ques- troops stationed in Bosnia. The trip became noto-
States was no longer the undisputed hegemon. tioned a Wisconsin congressman, Melvin Laird, rious years later when she claimed, during the
And it will likely set her apart from the Republi- about the wisdom of Lyndon B. Johnsons esca- 2008 campaign, to have dodged sniper re after
can candidate she meets in the general election. lating involvement in Southeast Asia. her C-17 military plane landed at an American
For all their bluster about bombing the Islamic It was after law school that she had her most base in Tuzla. (Chris Hill, a diplomat who was
State into oblivion, neither Donald J. Trump nor curious encounter with the military. In 1975, the onboard that day and later served as ambassador
Senator Ted Cruz of Texas have demonstrated year she married Bill Clinton, she stopped in at to Iraq under Clinton, didnt remember snipers at
anywhere near the appetite for military engage- a Marine recruiting oce in Arkansas to inquire all, and indeed recalled children handing her bou-
ment abroad that Clinton has. about joining the active forces or reserves. She was quets of spring owers.) But there was no faking
Hillary is very much a member of the tradi- a lawyer, she explained; maybe there was some the good vibes during her tour of the mess and rec
tional American foreign-policy establishment, way she could serve. The recruiter, she recalled halls. With her teenage daughter at her side, she
says Vali Nasr, a foreign-policy strategist who two decades later, was a young man of about 21, bantered and joked with the young servicemen
advised her on Pakistan and Afghanistan at the in prime physical condition. Clinton was then 27, and women an experience, she wrote, that left
State Department. She believes, like presidents freshly transplanted from Washington, teaching lasting impressions on Chelsea and me.
going back to the Reagan or Kennedy years, in the law at the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville When Clinton was elected to the Senate, she
importance of the military in solving terrorism, and wearing Coke-bottle eyeglasses. Youre too had strong political reasons to care about the mili-
in asserting American inuence. The shift with old, you cant see and youre a woman, he told her. tary. The Pentagon was in the midst of a long,
Obama is that he went from reliance on the mil- Maybe the dogs will take you, he added, in what politically charged process of closing military
itary to the intelligence agencies. Their position she said was a pejorative reference to the Army. bases; New York State had already been a vic-
was, All you need to deal with terrorism is N.S.A. It was not a very encouraging conversation, tim, when Plattsburgh Air Force Base was closed
and C.I.A., drones and special ops. So the C.I.A. Clinton said at a lunch for military women on in 1995, a loss of 352 civilian jobs for that hard-
gave Obama an angle, if you will, to be simulta- Capitol Hill in 1994. I decided, Maybe Ill look luck North Country town. New Yorks delegation
neously hawkish and shun using the military. for another way to serve my country. was determined to protect its remaining bases,
Unlike other recent presidents Obama, Some reporters have cast doubt on the verac- especially Fort Drum, home of the Armys 10th
George W. Bush or her husband, Bill Clinton ity of this story, which she repeated in the fall of Mountain Division, which sprawls over a hundred
The New York Times Magazine 31

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
thousand acres in rural Jeerson County. In Octo- hair, Keane exudes the supreme self-condence
ber 2001, a month after the 9/11 terrorist attacks, They knew that if you would expect of a retired four-star general.
Clinton traveled to Fort Drum at the invitation
of Gen. Buster Hagenbeck, who had just been
they walked into the He speaks with a trace of a New York accent that
gives his pronouncements a rat-a-tat urgency.
named the divisions commander and would be Situation Room and He is also a well-compensated member of the
deployed to Afghanistan a month later. Like many military-industrial complex, sitting on the board
of the ocers I spoke with, he had preconcep- they had her, it made of General Dynamics and serving as a strategic
tions of Clinton from her years as rst lady; the adviser to Academi, the private-security con-
woman who showed up at his oce around happy a huge difference. tractor once known as Blackwater. And he is the
hour that afternoon did not fulll them. chairman of an aptly named think tank, the Insti-
She sat down, he recalls, took her shoes tute for the Study of War. Though he is one of a
o, put her feet up on the coee table and said, parade of cable-TV generals, Keane is the resident
General, do you know where a gal can get a cold Relations. Armed Services deals with more earth- hawk on Fox News, where he appears regularly to
beer around here? bound issues, like benets for veterans, and it had call for the United States to use greater military
It was the start of a dialogue that stretched long been the preserve of Republican hawks like force in Iraq, Syria and Afghanistan. He doesnt
over two wars. In the spring of 2002, Hagenbeck John McCain. But after 9/11, Clinton saw Armed shrink from putting boots on the ground and has
led Operation Anaconda, a 16-day assault on Services as better preparation for her future. For little use for civilian leaders, like Obama, who do.
Taliban and Al Qaeda ghters in the Shah-i-Kot a politician looking to hone hard-power creden- Keane rst got to know Clinton in the fall
Valley that was the largest combat engagement tials a woman who aspired to be commander of 2001, when she was a freshman senator and
of the war to date. When the general came back in chief it was the perfect training ground. She he was the Armys second in command, with a
to Washington to brief the Joint Chiefs of Sta, dug in like a grunt at boot camp. distinguished combat and command record in
Clinton took him out to dinner on Capitol Hill Andrew Shapiro, then Senator Clintons for- Vietnam, Somalia, Haiti, Bosnia and Kosovo. He
for her own brieng. They also spoke about the eign-policy adviser, called upon 10 experts had expected her to be intelligent, hard-working
Bush administrations preparations for war in including Bill Perry, who was defense secretary and politically astute, but he was not prepared for
Iraq, something which Hagenbeck was following under her husband, and Ashton Carter, who the respect she showed for the Army as an insti-
anxiously. The general, it turned out, was more would eventually become President Obamas tution, or her sympathy for the sacrices made by
of a dove than the senator. He warned her about fourth defense secretary to tutor her on every- soldiers and their families. Keane was condent
the risks of an invasion, which was then being thing from grand strategy to defense procure- he could smell a phony politician a mile away,
war-gamed inside the Pentagon. It would be like ment. She met quietly with Andrew Marshall, and he didnt get that whi from her.
kicking over a bees nest, he said. an octogenarian strategist at the Pentagon who I read people; thats one of my strengths, he
Hagenbeck excused Clintons vote in 2002 labored for decades in the blandly named Oce told me. Its not that I cant be fooled, but Im
to authorize military action in Iraq. She made of Net Assessment, earning the nickname Yoda not fooled often.
a considered call, he says. And she was cha- for his Delphic insights. She went to every com- Clinton took an instant liking to Keane, too.
grined, much after the fact. For him, what mat- mittee meeting, no matter how mundane. Aides She loves that Irish gru thing, says one of
tered more than Clintons voting record was her recall her on C-SPAN3, sitting alone in the cham- her Senate aides, Kris Balderston, who was in
unstinting public support of the military, whether ber, patiently questioning a lieutenant colonel. the room that day. When Keane got up after 45
in protecting Fort Drum or backing him during She visited the troops in Afghanistan on Thanks- minutes to leave for a meeting back at the Pen-
a dicult rst year in Afghanistan. giving Day in 2003 and spoke at every signicant tagon with a Polish general, she protested that
Clintons education in military aairs began military installation in New York State. By then she wasnt nished yet and asked for another
in earnest in 2002, after the Democratic Partys 30 years after she recalled being rejected by a appointment. I said, O.K., but it took me three
crushing defeat in midterm elections moved her Marine recruiter in Arkansas Hillary Clinton months to get this one, Keane told her dryly.
up several rungs in Senate seniority. The partys had become a military wonk. Clinton exploded into a raucous laugh. Ill
congressional leaders oered her a seat on either take care of that problem, she promised.
the Senate Foreign Relations Committee or the Jack Keane is one of the intellectual architects She was true to her word: The two would meet
Senate Armed Services Committee. She chose of the Iraq surge; he is also perhaps the great- many times over the next decade, discussing the
Armed Services, spurning a long tradition of New est single inuence on the way Hillary Clinton wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, the Iranian nuclear
York senators, like Daniel Patrick Moynihan and thinks about military issues. A bear of a man with threat and other ash points in the Middle East.
Jacob Javits, who coveted the prestige of Foreign a jowly, careworn face and Brylcreem-slicked Sometimes he dropped by her Senate oce;
ALL OF HILLARYS MEN. Over her long public Keane, 73, is a retired Hagenbeck, 66, a retired
life, Hillary Clinton has fostered a close relationship JACK four-star general and BUSTER three-star general,
with the military brass, especially generals with KEANE former vice chief of staff HAGENBECK was the superintendent
battlefield experience. Whether or not these of the Army. A mentor to of the United States
men most of them Republicans would play David Petraeus and other Military Academy in
a formal role in a new Clinton administration, generals, he is viewed West Point, N.Y., from
her longtime rapport with them speaks as a key architect of 2006 to 2010. In March
volumes about her foreign-policy instincts. the Iraq surge. He now 2002, he commanded
advises various military one of the first major
contractors and is the campaigns of the
chairman of the Institute Afghanistan war,
for the Study of War. Operation Anaconda.
He was skeptical of
the Iraq War.
32 From left: Stefan Zaklin/Getty Images; Doug Mills/The New York Times; Mark Wilson/Getty Images; Jim Watson-Pool/Getty Images; Georges Gobet/AFP/Getty Images

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
other times they met for dinner or drinks. He
escorted her on her rst visit to Fort Drum and
set up her rst trip to Iraq.
They generally agreed to forgo talk of politics,
but at a meeting in Clintons Senate oce in Jan-
uary 2007, Keane tried to sell her on the logic of
a troop surge in Iraq. The previous month, he
had met with President Bush in the Oval Oce
to recommend that the United States deploy
ve to eight Army and Marine brigades to wage
an urban counterinsurgency campaign; only
that, he argued, would stabilize a country being
ripped apart by sectarian strife. His presentation
angered some of Keanes fellow generals, who
feared that such a strategy would deepen Iraqs
dependency and prolong Americas involvement.
But it had a big impact on the commander in
Clinton touring an Army barrack in Baghdad in 2003, while still the junior senator
chief, who soon ordered more than 20,000 addi- from New York and a member of the Senate Armed Services Committee.
tional troops to Iraq.
Clinton was another story. Im convinced its
not going to work, Jack, she told him. She pre- He and Clinton continued to talk, even after eorts, is that leaders dont believe he would use
dicted that the American soldiers patrolling in Obama was elected and she became secretary military power. Thats an issue that would sep-
Iraqi cities and towns would be blown up by of state. More often than not, they found them- arate the president from Hillary Clinton rather
Sunni militias or Al Qaeda ghters. She thought selves in sync. Keane, like Clinton, favored more dramatically. She would look at military force as
we would fail, Keane recalls, and it was going robust intervention in Syria than Obama did. In another realistic option, but only where there is
to cause increased casualties. April 2015, the week before she announced her no other option.
Politics, of course, was also on her mind. candidacy, Clinton asked him for a brieng on Befriending Keane wasnt just about cultivat-
Barack Obama was laying the groundwork for military options for dealing with the ghters of ing a single adviser. It gave Clinton instant entree
his candidacy in mid-January with a campaign the Islamic State. Bringing along three young to his informal network of active-duty and retired
that would emphasize his opposition to the Iraq female analysts from the Institute for the Study of generals. The most interesting by far was David
War and her vote in favor of it a vote that still War, Keane gave her a 2-hour-20-minute presen- Petraeus, a cerebral commander who shared
shadows her in this years Democratic primaries. tation. Among other steps, he advocated impos- Clintons jet-fueled ambition and whose life
Obama was setting o on a fund-raising drive ing a no-y zone over parts of Syria that would stories would mix heady success with humbling
that would net $25 million in three months, send- neutralize the air power of the Syrian president, setbacks. Both would be accused of mishandling
ing tremors through Clintons political camp and Bashar al-Assad, with a goal of forcing him into classied information Clinton because of her
establishing him as a formidable rival. Although a political settlement with opposition groups. use of a private server and email address to con-
Photograph by Dusan Vranic/AFP/Getty Images
she disagreed with Keane about Iraq, Clinton Six months later, Clinton publicly adopted this duct sensitive government business, a decision
asked him to become a formal adviser. As much position, further distancing herself from Obama. that erupted into a political scandal; Petraeus
as I respect you, he replied, I cant do that. Im convinced this president, no matter what because he had given a diary containing classi-
Keanes wife had health problems that had moved the circumstances, will never put any boots on ed information to his biographer and mistress
up his retirement from the Army, and he did not, the ground to do anything, even when its com- (he was eventually charged with a misdemeanor
as a policy, endorse candidates. Sometime during pelling, Keane told me. He was sitting in the for mishandling classied information).
2008 he doesnt remember exactly when library at his home in McLean, Va., which is lined On Clintons rst trip to Iraq in November
Clinton told him she had erred in doubting the with books on military history and strategy. His 2003, Petraeus, then a two-star general com-
wisdom of the surge. She said, You were right, critique of Obama was hardly new or original, manding the 101st Airborne Division, ew from
this really did work, Keane recalls. On issues but much of it mirrors the thinking of Clinton his eld headquarters in Mosul to the relative
of national security, he says, I thought she was and her policy advisers. One of the problems safety of Kirkuk to brief her congressional del-
always intellectually honest with me. the president has, which weakens his diplomatic egation. She was full of questions, he recalls.
Gates, 72, served as McChrystal, 61, resigned Petraeus, 63, the

ROBERT defense secretary for STANLEY as the commander in DAVID celebrated top
GATES George W. Bush and MCCHRYSTAL Afghanistan in June 2010 PETRAEUS commander in both Iraq
Barack Obama. An after the publication and Afghanistan, retired
intelligence analyst and of an article in Rolling as a four-star general
expert on the Soviets, Stone in which his aides to become director of
he became director of the disparaged several the C.I.A. in 2011. He
C.I.A. in 1991 and served members of President resigned 18 months later,
in six administrations. Obamas war cabinet, acknowledging that he
He was also president though not Hillary Clinton. had passed classified
of Texas A&M University Since his retirement information to his
and is now chancellor from the military, he has biographer and mistress.
of the College of taught a popular course He now works for the
William & Mary. on leadership at Yale. New York investment firm
Kohlberg Kravis Roberts.

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
It was the kind of gesture that means a lot to Hillary was adamant in her support for what
a battleeld commander. On subsequent trips, She wanted to give Stan asked for, Gates says. She made clear that
as he rose in rank, Petraeus walked her through
his plans to train and equip Iraqi Army troops, a
them every troop she was ready to support his request for the full
40,000 troops. She then made clear that she
forerunner of the counterinsurgency strategy in that McChrystal was was only willing to go with the 30,000 number
Afghanistan. It worked to their mutual benet: because I proposed it. She was, in a way, tougher
Petraeus was building ties to a prominent Demo- asking for. on the numbers in the surge than I was. Gates
cratic voice in the Senate; Clinton was burnishing believed that if he could align Clinton; the chair-
her image as a friend of the troops. She did it man of the Joint Chiefs of Sta, Mike Mullen; the
the old-fashioned way, he says. She did it by commander of Central Command, David Petrae-
pursuing relationships. When Petraeus was sent of the Obama presidency. She wanted to be taken us; and himself behind a common position, it
back to Iraq as the top commander in early 2007, seriously, even if her department was less cen- would be hard for Obama to say no. How could
he gave every member of the Senate Armed Ser- tral than the Pentagon. One way to do that was you ignore these Four Horsemen of national
vices Committee a copy of the U.S. Army/Marine by promoting the civilian surge, the pet project security? says Geo Morrell, who served as the
Corps Counterinsurgency Field Manual, which of her friend and special envoy to the region, Pentagon press secretary at the time.
he edited during a tour at Fort Leavenworth. Clin- Richard Holbrooke. She was determined that Just as Clinton beneted from her alliance
ton read hers from cover to cover. her brieng books would be just as thick and with the military commanders, she gave them
Although Clintons reservations about the just as meticulous as those of the Pentagon, a political cover. Heres the dirty little secret, says
surge were valid the stability that the addi- senior adviser recalls. She also didnt hesitate to Tom Nides, her former deputy secretary of state
tional troops brought to Iraq didnt last her get into the Pentagons business, asking detailed for management and resources. They all knew
opposition to it, like her vote for the war, came questions about the training of Afghan troops they wanted her on their side. They knew that if
back to haunt her. This time, it was her ally Bob and wading into the weeds of military planning. they walked into the Situation Room and they had
Gates who summoned the ghost. In his memoirs, She resolved not to miss out on anything a her, it made a huge dierence in the dynamics.
Gates wrote that she confessed to him and the determination that may have been rooted in a When she opened her mouth, she could change
president that her position had been politically deeper insecurity about her role in what was to the momentum in the room.
motivated, because she was then facing Obama in become the most White House-centric admin- David Axelrod recalls one meeting where Clin-
the Iowa caucuses. (Obama, he wrote, vaguely istration of the modern era. On the morning of ton kicked the thing o and pretty much articu-
conceded that he, too, had opposed it for politi- June 8, 2009, she emailed two aides to say: I lated their opinion; Im sure thats one that they
cal reasons.) Clinton pushed back, telling Diane heard on the radio that there is a Cabinet mtg remember. Theres no doubt that she wanted to
Sawyer of ABC News that Gates perhaps either this am. Is there? Can I go? If not, who are we give them every troop that McChrystal was asking
missed the context or the meaning, because I sending? On Feb. 10, 2010, she dialed the White for. Still, Clinton didnt prevail on every argu-
did oppose the surge. Her opposition, she told House from her home, but couldnt get past the ment. After agreeing to send the troops, Obama
Sawyer, was driven by the fact that at that time, switchboard operator, who didnt believe she added a condition of his own: that the soldiers
people were not going to accept any escalation of was really Hillary Clinton. Asked to provide her be deployed as quickly as possible and pulled out
the war. This is not politics in electoral, political oce number to prove her identity, she said she again, starting in the summer of 2011 a dead-
terms, Clinton said. This is politics in the sense didnt know it. Finally, Clinton hung up in frustra- line that proved more fateful in the long run than
of the American public has to support commit- tion and placed the call again through the State a dierence of 10,000 troops. Clinton opposed
ments like this. Department Operations Center like a proper setting a public deadline for withdrawal, arguing
The next time she found herself in a debate and properly dependent secretary of state, as she that it would tip Americas hand to the Taliban and
over sending troops into harms way, she voiced later wrote to one aide in a mock-chastened tone. encourage them to wait out the United States
no such reservations. No independent dialing allowed. which, in fact, was exactly what happened.
The Afghan troop debate, a three-month In the nal days of the debate, Clinton also
We need maps, Hillary Clinton told her aides. drama of dueling egos, leaked documents and found herself at odds with her own ambas-
It was early October 2009, and she had just endless deliberations, is typically framed as a sador in Kabul, Karl Eikenberry. He, too, held
returned from a meeting in the Situation Room. test of wills between the Pentagons wily military dierent views than she did on the wisdom of
Obamas war cabinet was debating how many commanders and an inexperienced young pres- a surge, which he put into writing. On Nov. 6,
additional troops to send to Afghanistan, where ident, with Joe Biden playing the role of devils 2009, in a long cable addressed to Clinton
the United States, preoccupied by Iraq, had advocate for Obama. While that portrait is accu- and later leaked to The New York Times he
allowed the Taliban to regroup. The Pentagon, rate, it neglects the role of Clinton. By siding with made a trenchant, convincing case for why the
she reported, had used impressive, color-coded Gates and the generals, she gave political ballast McChrystal proposal, which she endorsed two
maps to show its plans to deploy troops around to their proposals and provided a bullish coun- weeks earlier in a meeting with Obama, would
Photograph by Mark Wilson-Pool/Associated Press
the country. The attention to detail made Gates terpoint to Bidens skepticism. Her role should saddle the United States with vastly increased
and his commanders look crisp and well pre- not be overstated: She did not turn the debate, costs and an indenite, large-scale military role
pared; the State Department, which was push- nor did she bring to it any distinctive point of in Afghanistan.
ing a civilian surge to accompany the troops, view. But her unstinting support of General Much of Eikenberrys analysis proved prescient,
looked wan by comparison. At the next meeting, McChrystals maximalist recommendation made particularly his warnings about the threadbare
on Oct. 14, the team from State unfurled its own it harder for Obama to choose a lesser option. American partnership with the Afghan president,
maps to show the deployment of an army of aid (McChrystal was later red by Obama after his Hamid Karzai. It carried an extra sting because he
workers, diplomats, legal experts and crop spe- aides made derogatory remarks about almost was a retired three-star Army general who was
cialists who were supposed to follow the soldiers every member of his war cabinet to Rolling Stone the commander in Afghanistan from 2005 to 2007.
into Afghanistan. magazine; she was the exception. Hillary had Clinton, who had not asked for the cable, was furi-
Clintons xation with maps was typical of her Stans back, one of his aides told the reporter, ous, fearing it could upset a debate in which she
mind-set in the rst great war-and-peace debate Michael Hastings.) and the Pentagon were about to prevail.
34 4.24.16

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
What the cable made clear was the degree to campaign suddenly dominated by concerns advocated by his isolationist colleague, Senator
which the Afghanistan debate was dominated by about national security. Clintons strategy, he Rand Paul of Kentucky. Thus might the gen-
military considerations. While Clinton did raise said, was twofold: Explain to voters that she had eral election present voters with an unfamiliar
the need to deal with Afghanistans neighbor, a clear plan for confronting the threat posed by choice: a Democratic hawk versus a Republican
Pakistan, her reexive support of Gates, Petraeus Islamic terrorism, and expose her Republican reluctant warrior.
and McChrystal meant she was not a powerful opponents as utterly lacking in experience or To thwart the progressive insurgency of Sena-
voice for diplomatic alternatives. She contrib- credibility on national security. tor Bernie Sanders of Vermont, Clinton carefully
uted to the overmilitarizing of the analysis of the There were good reasons for Clinton to let her calibrated her message during the Democratic
problem, says Sarah Chayes, who was an adviser inner hawk y. After the attacks in Paris and San primaries to align herself closely with Barack
to McChrystal and later to the chairman of the Bernardino, Calif., Americans concern about a Obama and his racially diverse coalition. But as
Joint Chiefs of Sta, Mike Mullen. major attack on the nation spiked. A CNN/ORC she pivots to the general election, that balancing
In October 2015, the persistent violence in poll taken after Paris showed that a majority, 53 act with Obama will become trickier. Theres
Afghanistan and the legacy of Karzais misrule percent, favored sending ground troops to Iraq going to be a huge amount of interest in the press
forced Obama to reverse his plan to withdraw or Syria, a remarkable shift from the war-weary to score-keep, Sullivan says. It just so easily can
the last American soldiers by the end of his presi- sentiment that prevailed during most of Obamas become a sport that distracts from her ability to
dency. A few thousand troops will stay there presidency. The Republican candidates were make an armative case.
indenitely. And for all of Clintons talk about a reaching for apocalyptic metaphors to demon- In showing her stripes as a prospective com-
civilian surge, it never really materialized. strate their resolve. Ted Cruz threatened to mander in chief, Clinton will no doubt draw
For Clinton, the Afghanistan episode laid bare carpet-bomb the Islamic State to test whether heavily upon her State Department experience
a vexed relationship between her and Eiken- desert sand can glow; Donald Trump called for ltering the lessons she learned in Libya, Syria
berry, one of the few generals with whom she the United States to ban all Muslims from enter- and Iraq into the sinewy worldview she has held
didnt hit it o. A soldier-scholar with graduate ing the country until we are able to determine since childhood. Last fall, in a series of policy
degrees from Harvard and Stanford, Eikenber- and understand this problem and the dangerous speeches, Clinton began limning distinctions
ry was brilliant but had a reputation among his threat it poses. with the president on national security. She
colleagues for being imperious. Clinton had a Yet such spikes in the public appetite for mili- said the United States should consider sending
similarly chilly relationship with Douglas Lute, tary action tend to be transitory. Three weeks more special-operations troops to Iraq than
another Army lieutenant general with a graduate later, the same poll showed an even split, at 49 Obama had committed, to help the Iraqis and
degree from Harvard, who also fought with Hol- percent, on whether to deploy troops. Neither Kurds ght the Islamic State. She came out in
brooke. She likes the nail-eaters McChrystal, Trump nor Cruz favors major new deployments favor of a partial no-y zone over Syria. And she
Petraeus, Keane, one of her aides observes. Real of American soldiers to Iraq and Syria (nor, for described the threat posed by ISIS to Americans
military guys, not these retired three-stars who that matter, does Clinton). If anything, both are in starker terms than he did. As is often the case
go into civilian jobs. more skeptical than Clinton about intervention with Clinton and Obama, the dierences were
and more circumspect than she about main- less about direction than degree. She wasnt call-
Theres no doubt that Hillary Clintons more taining the nations post-World War II military ing for ground troops in the Middle East, any
muscular brand of American foreign policy is commitments. Trump loudly proclaims his more than he was. Clinton insisted her plan was
better matched to 2016 than it was to 2008, opposition to the Iraq War. He wants the United not a break with his, merely an intensication
said Jake Sullivan, her top policy adviser at the States to spend less to underwrite NATO and has and acceleration of it.
State Department, who plays the same role in talked about withdrawing the American security Its an open question how well Clintons
her campaign. umbrella from Asia, even if that means Japan hawkish instincts match the countrys mood.
It was December 2015, 53 days before the Iowa and South Korea would acquire nuclear weap- Americans are weary of war and remain suspi-
caucuses, and Sullivan was sitting down with me ons to defend themselves. Cruz, unlike Clinton, cious of foreign entanglements. And yet, after
in Clintons sprawling Brooklyn headquarters to opposed aiding the Syrian rebels in 2014. He the retrenchment of the Obama years, there is
explain how she was shaping her message for a once supported Pentagon budget constraints polling evidence that they are equally dissatised
with a portrait of their country as a spent force,
Clinton visiting the demilitarized zone separating North managing its decline amid a world of rising pow-
and South Korea in 2010 as secretary of state. ers like China, resurgent empires like Vladimir
Putins Russia and lethal new forces like the
Islamic State. If Obamas minimalist approach
was a necessary reaction to the maximalist style
of his predecessor, then perhaps what Americans
yearn for is something in between the kind of
steel-belted pragmatism that Clinton has spent
a lifetime honing.
The president has made some tough deci-
sions, says Leon Panetta, who served as Obamas
defense secretary after Bob Gates, and as direc-
tor of the C.I.A. before David Petraeus. But its
been a mixed record, and the concern is, the
president dening what Americas role in the
world is in the 21st century hasnt happened.
Hopefully, hell do it, he added, acknowl-
edging the time Obama has left. Certainly, she
would.

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
Could
Icelands
secret
to
happiness
be
found
in its
communal
pools?
The Water Cure

By Dan Kois
Photographs by
Massimo Vitali

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
37

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
On a rectangles squatting under rain clouds in the
sheep-strewn boonies. There are fancy aquatic
f rii gii d complexes with multilevel hot tubs and awesome-
ly dangerous waterslides of the sort that litigious
American culture would never allow. All told,
Febr
Fe br uar
ar y
there are more than 120 public pools usually
geothermally heated, mostly outdoors, open all
day
da y in year long in Iceland, a country with a popu-
lation just slightly larger than that of Lexington,
Reyk
Re ykja
yk javi
ja vik
vi k, Ky. If you dont have a swimming pool, it seems
you may as well not even be a town, the mayor
I st
stoo
ood
oo d of Reykjavik, Dagur Eggertsson, told me. I inter-
viewed him, of course, as we relaxed together in
bare
ba re-
re a downtown hot tub.
These public pools, or sundlaugs, serve as the
communal heart of Iceland, sacred places whose
chested
aordability and ubiquity are viewed as a kind
of civil right. Families and teenagers and older
and people lounge and chat in sundlaugs every day,
summer or winter. Despite Icelands cruel cli-
dripping mate, its remoteness and its winters of 19 hours
of darkness per day, the people there are among
wet the most contented in the world. The more local
swimming pools I visited, the more convinced I
became that Icelanders remarkable satisfaction
is tied inextricably to the experience of escaping
just inside the dressing room at the Vesturbaejar the erce, freezing air and sinking into warm
pool, facing a long, cold walk to the outdoor water among their countrymen. The pools are
hot tubs. My host was stoic, strong, a Viking. I more than a humble municipal investment, more
was whining. than just a civic perquisite that emerged from
I just dont want to go out there, I said. How an accident of Icelands volcanic geology. They
do you make yourself do it? seem to be, in fact, a key to Icelandic well-being.
You must, to swim in the pool, Valdimar Haf- This past winter, I visited Iceland and swam
stein said with a shrug. He is a folklorist at the in 14 pools all over the country. I found them full
University of Iceland who studies the countrys of Icelanders eager to discuss what role these
pools. Kids hate it, too. I have to haul my kids underwater village greens played in their lives.
kicking and screaming. I took a deep breath I met recent immigrants to the Westords town
and tried to think of warm things. Wearing only Bolungarvik as they mingled with their new
a Speedo bathing suit I had packed three, in neighbors, their toddler carrying fresh handfuls
honor of the islands reputation as one of the of snow into the hot tub and delightedly watch-
companys most avid markets I stepped onto ing them melt. I saw Icelandic parents splash
the deck. It was a few degrees below freezing. with their kids to calm them before bedtime;
Imagine the feeling you get when you hold I talked to adults who remembered that ritual
an ice cube tight, that combination of sting and from childhood and could summon the mem-
ache, except imagine it all over your nearly nude ory of slipping their still-warm bodies between
body. Battling my long-ingrained instincts never cool sheets. I heard stories of divorcing couples
to run at a swimming pool, I fell into a kind of splitting their local pools along with their posses-
brisk walk-trot, aiming for the large set of inter- sions and retired couples bonding by swimming
connected hot tubs in the center of the complex. together every day. I watched four steaming
Im sure I looked ridiculous. The good news: Id septuagenarians swim laps in a northern Ice-
never been less concerned about my appearance land pool while the sunrise lit up the mountains
while wearing almost nothing in public. behind them and an attendant brought out foam
Small snowakes glittered in the sky, which at 4 cups of coee balanced on a kickboard. I think
p.m. was already darkening toward dusk. I reached the swimming pools are what make it possible
the largest hot tub and sank to my chin. For one to live here, the young artist Ragnheidur Harpa
glorious moment, I felt my mind go blank: There Leifsdottir said. You have storms, you have dark-
was just my body, my big, stupid body in its stupid ness, but the swimming pool is a place for you
bathing suit, enveloped in warmth, the cold wind to nd yourself again.
on my ears only heightening my delight. Behind
me, Valdimar ambled across the deck, saying hello For centuries, Iceland was a nation of seamen
to a neighbor in another hot pot. who regularly drowned within sight of shore.
Every Icelandic town, no matter how small, One local newspaper reported in 1887 that more
has its own pool. There are ramshackle cement than 100 Icelanders had drowned that winter
38 Photograph by Massimo Vitali for The New York Times

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
alone. In 1931, a boat carrying four farmers cap-
Left: A pool at Nautholsvik Beach in Reykjavik. Opening pages: A pool at Landmannalaugar, an outpost in a nature reserve in the Highlands.
sized while they tried to row a panicking cow
across Kollaordur ord. Three of the men died;
one, who had studied swimming, survived.
Incidents like this fostered an enthusiasm for
swimming education. At the time, the only place
to learn was a muddy ditch downstream from the
hot spring where the women of Reykjavik did
laundry. Inspired by that hot spring, and using
a heavily mortgaged drill that had been brought
to Iceland to search fruitlessly for gold, the city
soon tapped the underground hot water gener-
ated by Icelands volcanic underbelly. Icelands
rst geothermal heat owed into 70 homes and
three civic buildings: a school, a hospital and a
swimming pool. The national energy authority
oered no-risk loans to villages across the coun-
try to encourage geothermal drilling, and within
a generation, the ancient turf house had nearly
disappeared from Iceland, replaced by modern
apartment buildings and homes, all of them so
toasty warm that even on winter nights most
Icelanders leave a window open. With hot water
owing through the country and a populace eager
to take a dip swimming education was made
mandatory in all Icelandic schools in 1943 pools
soon popped up in every town.
Because of the weather, we dont have proper
plazas in the Italian or French style, the writer
Magnus Sveinn Helgason explained to me. Beer
was banned in Iceland until 1989, so we dont
have the pub tradition of England or Ireland.
The pool is Icelands social space: where families
meet neighbors, where newcomers rst receive
welcome, where rivals cant avoid one another. It
can be hard for reserved Icelanders, who dont
typically talk to their neighbors in the store or in
the street, to forge connections, Mayor Dagur
told me. (Icelanders generally use patronymic
and matronymic last names and refer to every-
one, even the mayor, by rst name.) In the hot
tub, you must interact, Mayor Dagur continued.
Theres nothing else to do.
Not only must you interact; you must do so in
a state of quite literal exposure. Most Icelanders
have a story about taking visitors, often Amer-
ican, to the pools and then seeing them balk in
horror at the strict requirement to strip naked,
shower and scrub their bodies with soap from
head to toe. Mens and womens locker rooms
feature posters highlighting all the regions you
must lather assiduously: head, armpits, under-
carriage, feet. Icelanders are very serious about
these rules, which are necessary because the
pools are only lightly chlorinated; tourists and
shy teenagers are often scolded by pool wardens
for insucient showering. The practice was even
the subject of a popular sketch on the comedy
show Fostbraedur, in which a zealous warden
scrubs down a reluctant pool visitor himself.
That one of the buck-naked bystanders in that
viral video, Jon Gnarr, was later elected mayor of
Reykjavik demonstrates that Icelanders are quite

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
41

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
un-self-conscious about nudity in the service of was closed! I could tell this bit killed with his Her friends, all in their 20s and pregaming for
pool cleanliness. This was made most clear to me, fellow Icelanders, but my own appreciation of it a Saturday night out in the bars, nodded enthu-
perhaps, in a dressing room in the town Isaor- was somewhat impeded by Snorris delivery of siastically. Especially pregnant women, Helga
dur, where a chatty liquor-store manager named it in the nude, his left foot on the sink, stretching Gunnhildursdottir agreed. You can see: Oh yes,
Snorri Grimsson told me a long story about the like a ballet dancer at the barre. she really got quite big.
time a beautiful Australian girl asked him to go Its wonderful, an actress named Salome Its so important, Salome said earnestly. You
to the pool but then revealed that she doesnt Gunnarsdottir told me in the pool one evening. get used to breasts and vaginas!
shower before swimming. He mugged a look of Growing up here, we see all kinds of real womens As a journalist, I will never forget the unique-
comic horror, then brought home the kicker: It bodies. Sixty-ve-year-olds, middle-aged, pregnant ly Icelandic experience of shaking hands with
was a very dicult decision. Thankfully, the pool women. Not just people in magazines or on TV. handsome Mayor Dagur and then, just minutes
42 4.24.16 Above and previous pages: Photographs by Massimo Vitali for The New York Times

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
later, interviewing him as we each bared all. (In pool proper, where you might be covered only I talked to, most everyone respects the posture
the tradition of politician interviews everywhere, a little, in my case but are still on display. of aquatic reverie head tilted back against the
an aide lurked nearby, in a manner I would call But near-nudity, by encouraging a slight remove pool wall, eyes closed, mouth smiling a tiny smile
unobtrusive but for the fact that he was also from others, also allows the visitor to focus, in a of satisfaction that you adopt when you come
naked.) I admit I found this disconcerting at rst, profound and unfamiliar way, on his own body, on to the pool wanting to be left alone.
but eventually there was something comforting its responses and needs. Despite its being a social Sigurlaug Dagsdottir, a graduate student
about seeing all those other chests and butts hub, the pool also cultivates inwardness. Results of researching the pools, speculated that the
and guts which for the most part belonged to a questionnaire distributed by Valdimars research sundlaugs social utility in Icelandic communities
normal human-being bodies, not sculpted mas- team suggested that women in particular go to derives in part from the intimacy of the physical
terpieces. And that comfort extends out into the the pool to seek solitude. According to women experience: In the pool, she said, you can take
Left: Hot tubs at the Vesturbaejar pool in Reykjavik. Previous pages: The pool in Hofsos, an old trading port on the northern coast.

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m
+1 604 278 4604
o the ve layers of clothing that usually separate
The Seljavallalaug pool near the southern coast.

you from everyone else. As such, the pools are a
great leveler: Council members in Reykjavik make
a point to circulate among the citys sundlaugs,
where they often take good-natured grief from
their constituents. The lmmaker Jon Karl Helgas-
on, who is shooting a documentary about Icelands
pools, said, When people are in the swimming
pool, it doesnt matter if you are a doctor or a taxi
driver. His girlfriend, Fridgerdur Gudmundsdot-
tir, added, Everyone is dressed the same.
On the way from Reykjavik to Keavik airport is

the Blue Lagoon, a luxurious hot-water spa that is
one of Icelands most popular tourist destinations.
There, for 40 euros, you can shower in private
stalls and oat in mineral-rich water discharge
from the nearby Svartsengi power plant, which
uses turbines twice as tall as a man to generate 75
megawatts of electricity and 150 thermal mega-
watts of heat for the surrounding towns.
My nal day in Iceland, I turned o the high-
way just after the Blue Lagoon and instead drove
into one of those towns, the port Rekjanesbaer.
The lobby of the towns pool is dotted, tting-
ly, by a series of porthole-like windows. The
woman working at the desk charged me nine
bucks and asked, Is this your rst time in an
Iceland swimming pool?
Nope, I said with some pleasure.
The familiar signs in the showers were supple-
mented by notices in Polish, targeting the new
wave of immigrants who have found work in
Rekjanesbaer. I snapped on my Speedo, steeled
my courage and exited the warm lodge into the
chill. The 36-to-38-degrees-Celsius hot pot was
full of enormous men with Bluto-type physiques
and also a small girl in a pink ruled bathing suit.
The largest of the Blutos rose from the water,
picked up the girl and carried her, giggling, to
the family pool. His biceps sported a tattoo of a
roaring bear consumed by ames.
This time I didnt approach anyone, didnt ask
any questions. I didnt speak at all. I concentrated
on what I could feel: the water pressing lightly on
my skin, the wind prickling my beard. All around
me was the soft white noise of a community.
The conversation; the connection; the freedom,
within that urry of sociability, to withdraw and
simply be within yourself. It called to mind some-
thing a Ph.D. student named Katrin Gudmundsd-
tottir told me on my rst day in Iceland. She was
describing a certain ineable emotional state to
me, a native Icelanders sense of comfort while
immersed in her neighborhood sundlaug. When
I thought of what she said, a perfect G chord
strummed inside me. Its not exactly like youre
happy, she had mused. Its that you know how
to be in the swimming pool.
The sun was low on the horizon, bright but
evanescent. The only other thing in the crystal-
blue sky was the contrail of a jet, pointed to the
west. I closed my eyes. I was in the pool.
44 4.24.16 Photograph by Massimo Vitali for The New York Times

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
46

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
Chicago
On
The Edge
In the wake of a
shocking video that
showed a black teenager,
Laquan McDonald,
shot 16 times by
a police officer, the city
has been rocked by
new revelations of
police brutality and
misconduct
and by activists
determined to upend
the political order.
By Ben Austen
Photographs by
Devin Yalkin

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
On St. Patricks Day in Chicago, in the auditorium of the citys public-safe- Chicago, with 151 homicides and 774 shootings over the rst three months
ty headquarters, the members of the Police Board sat at tables at the front of 2016 alone, nearly twice as many as in the same period last year. Yet
of the room, beneath a framed genealogy: Chicago Police Generations a the very communities most in need of public safety have come to see the
Proud Family Tradition. Ocers lined the perimeter of the hall, two dozen criminal-justice system as another deadly threat. A scathing report issued
of them, bulked up in body armor. All eyes were trained on the young black on April 13 by a task force the mayor appointed conrmed that their dis-
protesters lling the rooms center, who had commandeered the boards trust of the police was warranted C.P.D.s own data gives validity to the
monthly meeting just 10 minutes after the call to order. widely held belief the police have no regard for the sanctity of life when it
We know that this board does not care about black women, a woman comes to people of color, the task force found.
with dreadlocks tinted copper yelled from atop a chair. They dont care Chicago had it coming, May said, describing the blowup set o by
about black people. She paused every couple of phrases, allowing 50 others the Laquan McDonald case. Its more a question of why it took so long.
to repeat her words for amplication. The board cared, she said, about pro-
tecting the police. And making Rahm look good. When she had exhausted With Chicago in this state of upheaval and reckoning, it feels as if much has
herself We will be here until this [expletive] burns down! another already changed, but also very little. That same week in March, Veronica
woman took over. And when she, too, was spent, a young man with a reedy Morris-Moore, 23, spoke at a small news conference outside the Cook
build followed, ignoring the pleas from the board chair and the interim County Criminal Courthouse, on the citys West Side. She seemed to be
police superintendent to respect the rights of other speakers. If you want to grieving the citys larger problems, even as she celebrated the organizing
speak, you can speak, the protester cried, his words echoed by the chorus that helped oust from oce Anita Alvarez, the Cook County states attor-
of the human microphone, but not to them! He pointed an accusing nger ney. Alvarez didnt charge Van Dyke until a judge, nearly 400 days after the
at the members of the mayor-appointed Police Board. They are invalid. shooting, forced the city to make the McDonald video public. Alvarez had
They are illegitimate. We are holding a forum. led in polls three weeks earlier, but demonstrators shut down her public
The activists werent the only ones declaring a crisis of condence in Chi- talks, rallied at her fund-raisers and started a social-media campaign
cago. In November, the city released a video that showed Laquan McDonald, #ByeAnita that laid out how she had failed in her duties as a prosecutor.
a black teenager, being shot 16 times by Jason Van Dyke, a white cop. The Alvarez lost by 30 percentage points to a political novice. But Morris-Moore
footage was gruesome. But the routine way in which the October 2014 killing had little faith in whoever was states attorney or in any public ocial.
was covered up for more than a year exposed a deeper culture of secrecy The system as it exists is never going to give justice to young people like
and impunity in Chicago that implicated the entire police force and much Laquan McDonald, she said. Ultimately, we are out to destroy that sys-
of the citys government. tem. She and the ve other activists standing beside her began to recite a
Mayor Rahm Emanuel reacted by ring his police superintendent, Garry litany of those killed in Chicago by the police, pausing after each name to
McCarthy, last December. In quick succession, other ocials stepped say that the cop had gone unpunished.
down, and Emanuel promised an overhaul of his Police Department. Chicago had more fatal shootings by the police than any other American
But much of the outrage in Chicago has city from 2010 to 2014, according to an analysis by the Better Government
remained concentrated on him. People Association. Yet members of the Chicago Police Department have faced
marching in the streets hoist Fire Rahm hardly any punishment. Of the 409 shootings by police ocers investigat-
signs. In polls, nearly two-thirds of Afri- ed since 2007 by the Independent Police Review Authority (IPRA), which
can-American voters in the city said they is charged with looking into serious claims of misconduct, only two of
didnt trust him, and half of all likely vot- the shootings were found to be unjustied. The people in power-holding
ers thought the mayor should resign.
The system as it exists capacities are being put on notice, Timothy Bradford, wearing a T-shirt
Most of the young people disrupting is never going to give with Rekia Boyds face printed on it, announced from the courthouse steps.
the meeting wore yellow T-shirts embla- justice to young people When you dont make sure our communities are safe by ending mass
zoned with the name Rekia Boyd. In 2012, incarceration and dealing with these killer cops when you dont do this,
an o-duty Chicago cop named Dante
like Laquan McDonald. we are watching you, and we will hold you accountable.
Servin shot Boyd, 22, in the back of the Ultimately, we are out to That McDonalds death shocked the city into action was a result in part
head from the seat of his car, after argu- destroy that system. of the video itself. You can count in the footage, recorded from a patrol
ing with her and her friends for making cars dashboard camera, exactly how long it takes Van Dyke to jump out
too much noise. Her family led a wrong- of another cruiser, gun already fully extended, and open re: six seconds.
ful-death lawsuit, eventually accepting a The rst shots send the 17-year-old spinning, his arms airplaning out, nearly
$4.5 million settlement. But the activists a complete 360, as he topples. Then Van Dyke continues shooting into
were still waiting for the Police Board, McDonalds inert body. Thousands of pages of police reports and emails
which rules on disciplinary decisions, to about the case slowly came to light, document after damning document,
take any punitive action against Servin. If you are not Martinez Sutton, detailing the extent and everyday nature of the cover-up. It was like a biopsy
a demonstrator shouted, as Sutton, Boyds brother, joined them, his head of an entire institution revealing a consistent ugly thing, said Jamie Kalven,
bowed and his face wet with tears, then shut the [expletive] up! When who runs the Invisible Institute, a local independent news organization.
the interim police superintendent told everyone to clear the room, the Last year, The Guardian broke the story of a police facility on Chicagos
throng of activists closed ranks in an instant, like ngers curling into a West Side being operated like a C.I.A. black site. Ocers at the Homan
st. Protesters and police ocers in Chicago had clashed on several recent Square station were detaining and interrogating thousands of suspects,
occasions, and the department had been using plainclothes ocers to sometimes for days without ling charges or providing access to lawyers.
monitor the groups events. But tonight ocers stalked the borders of this Although the Police Department has denied the allegations, internal depart-
knot of bodies, then gave up. ment records and testimony from those detained suggest that the city may
We are abolitionist in our politics, Page May, a 27-year-old founder soon be forced to confront yet more cases of abuse. Even as cops have been
of the activist group Assatas Daughters, told me. We are ghting for a absolved of blame in almost all instances, the city has made a practice of
world in which the police are obsolete. Violent crime is again soaring in settling claims before trial, and Chicago has paid more than $662 million to
48 4.24.16

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
The Chicago
activists Page
May (left) and
Veronica Morris-
Moore. Previous
photograph:
The location
where Laquan
McDonald was
killed by a city
police officer
in October 2014.
deal with police misconduct over the past 12 years. In its report, the mayors a runo against a relative unknown, he said in his inaugural address that he
police-accountability task force stated that every stage of investigations would dedicate his second term to preventing another lost generation of
and discipline is plagued by serious structural and procedural aws that our citys youth. Veronica Morris-Moore quoted for me nearly verbatim
make real accountability nearly impossible. Weeks before the reports the mayors words. That speech, she said, came just four weeks after the
release, Amy Campanelli, the Cook County public defender, described City Council voted unanimously to pay a $5 million settlement to the family
to me the eects of this loss of trust in the criminal-justice system. If the of Laquan McDonald. The video of the shooting was kept from the public
police kill, lie about it and take the law into their own hands, no one can for another seven months. Morris-Moore laughed a sad, bitter laugh, then
be condent in calling for help during a crisis, nor can we rely on them to said, All the while, him and his people were trying to stop the release of
testify credibly in court, she said. This is a systemic problem and is not this tape of a young teenage boy who was shot 16 times by a police ocer.
merely a problem of individual bad actors.
Whatever apparatus is supposed to exist in the city to police the police On the night of Oct. 20, 2014, two ocers responding to reports of a break-
has also operated in a way that insulates them from accountability. Jamie in at a parking lot came upon Laquan McDonald black male, six feet,
Kalven and Craig Futterman, the director of a civil rights and police mis- dark hoodie. This guy, uh, kind of walking away, one of them radioed
conduct legal-aid clinic at the University of Chicago, were instrumental calmly at 9:53 p.m. He has a knife in his hand. They were eight miles
in the release of the McDonald video; they recently started a searchable southwest of downtown, on what was little more than an industrial service
online database of every citizen complaint against the police investigated road, bordered by the Stevenson Expressway and beyond that the valley of
by IPRA and the polices internal-aairs division between 2011 and 2015. a rail yard. The cops treated the situation like the routine encounter that
Of the 28,588 cases documented there, covering 7,758 ocers, only 755 it was. For a quarter mile, they trailed McDonald, one in a squad car and
complaints had been sustained. the other on foot, giving the suspect a wide berth so as not to provoke
Last year, a former IPRA supervisor named Lorenzo Davis said his boss him. Even after the teenager spiked one of the patrol cars front tires with
ordered him to reverse several ndings he made against ocers in police his three-inch blade, the ocers did not re their guns. Four additional
shootings. A Chicago cop himself for 23 years, reaching the rank of com- cruisers arrived, three of them hemming in McDonald on his left and one
mander, Davis was accused of a clear bias against the police and red. One from behind. Thats when Jason Van Dyke emerged from one of these cars
incident that Davis determined to be unjustied occurred in 2013, when an and shot McDonald dead.
ocer shot a eeing 17-year-old, claiming the black teenager had turned The cover-up began almost immediately. He wasnt dropping the knife,
on him holding a small black object which I believed to be a handgun. It and he was coming at the ocer, a spokesman for the Fraternal Order of
was an iPhone case. He trained his gun on him, looked for an open shot Police told the reporters who soon converged on the scene. Describing
and when he got it began to shoot, Davis said, describing video of the McDonald as crazed, with a strange gaze about him, the union rep-
shooting. Thats dierent than deadly force as a last resort. That was a rst resentative said that the ocer then shot McDonald in the chest: He
resort. The training has changed: The police now use the phrase eliminate leaves them no choice at that point but to defend themselves. An ocial
the threat. The ocer who shot the 17-year-old just eliminated the threat. department statement was issued hours later: Ocers confronted the
When Mayor Emanuel won re-election last year, after being forced into armed oender, who refused to comply with orders to drop the knife and
Photograph by Devin Yalkin for The New York Times The New York Times Magazine 49

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
Craig Futterman
(left) and Jamie
Kalven, who were
instrumental
in the release
of the Laquan
McDonald video,
at the offices
of Kalvens
Invisible Institute
in Chicago.
continued to approach the ocers. As a result of this action, the ocer the press in December that more than 80 percent of them dont record
discharged his weapon, striking the oender. audio because of operator error or in some cases intentional destruction.
Craig Futterman, who was a public defender for juveniles on the citys Carol Marin and Don Moseley, of NBC5 in Chicago, found that in the car
West Side before starting the University of Chicago civil rights clinic, read that captured the video of the shooting, the microphones were in the glove
the story the following day. My eyes glazed over, he said. Like McDonald, compartment with the batteries installed upside down.
a second-generation ward of the state, almost all the people shot by the Three weeks after the shooting, McDonalds mother, Tina Hunter, asked
Chicago police are African-American. A casto child wandering an urban a pair of attorneys, Je Neslund and Michael Robbins, to help her look into
back of beyond, McDonald seemed destined to be another unremarked the circumstances of her sons death. The lawyers, who would eventually
addition to the statistics, with little known about the circumstances of his pursue a case, put Kalven in touch with a trucker they found who had been
death save what the police reported. Less than three weeks later, however, lling out paperwork in a nearby Burger King parking lot when the inci-
a whistle-blower from inside law enforcement phoned Futterman. The dent unfolded before him. He told ocers that he had just watched what
caller had seen the dashcam video and insisted that it didnt corroborate he called an execution. According to Kalven and Hunters lawyers, the
the police narrative at all. That ocer shot him like a dog in the street, police responded by taking the trucker and two other witnesses distressed
Futterman recalls the source telling him. It was nothing short of an exe- by what theyd seen to a station house, interrogating them for hours. Again
cution. Futterman says the caller feared that the shooting would be buried and again, the increasingly hostile ocers responded that video evidence
like so many others in Chicago. Please, Craig, the source implored. Look refuted what they claimed to have seen.
into it and let people know. Three current witnesses to a fatal shooting, not one is recorded, video-
Futterman couldnt go public with news of the video: That would com- taped or even asked to sign a written statement, Robbins told me. It was
promise the identity of the caller. But the whistle-blower also told Futterman a patently fraudulent investigation. It was a calculated eort to avoid doc-
about a man who had been driving his adult son to the hospital when the umenting what people saw and nding out what happened. And thats not
police cars swarming around McDonald brought him to a halt. Before he uncommon in Chicago. The full police report of the shooting completed
could give a statement to a cop directing trac, the ocer shooed him o months later would state that of the ve witnesses who heard gunshots,
with the wave of a ashlight. Jamie Kalven tracked the driver down. He only one saw the shooting. The report also included statements from Van
told Kalven that Van Dyke had red not once or twice to the chest, as the Dyke and the nine other ocers on the scene. Van Dyke told a sergeant
police reports suggested, but until he was out of bullets, at least a dozen that McDonald was swinging the knife in an aggressive, exaggerated
times, most of them as the teenager lay helpless on the ground. Van Dyke, manner, that the teenager continued to advance on him. These state-
the driver told Kalven, had paused to appraise the situation after the rst ments were untrue. In defense of his life, Van Dyke said, he backpedaled
shots whirled McDonald to the ground, and then he continued ring on the and red his Smith & Wesson. Five of the other cops there claimed they
prone and lifeless teenager. saw the exact same thing. The other four including the two respond-
That disturbing detail was something that the whistle-blower looking at ing ocers, who had dutifully followed their training, doing everything
the soundless dashcam video couldnt have known. Chicago police cruisers they could not to escalate tensions said they didnt have their eyes on
are equipped with cameras and microphones. But a police spokesman told McDonald in those vital moments.
50 4.24.16

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
The dashcam footage from the patrol cars was uploaded and reviewed and not making arrests. Through lawsuits brought against the city, the
soon after the shooting. But the report stated that the video showed the two of them forced the release of tens of thousands of records of citizen
shooting in detail and supported the accounts of all the witnesses. The complaints against the Chicago police, which formed the basis of their
report was signed o on by supervisors all the way up to a lieutenant. online database. The city released the most recent trove of documents after
Employees at the Burger King told Hunters lawyers that the police also ghting them for 10 years, across two mayoral administrations, contend-
entered the restaurant shortly after the shooting and demanded access to the ing that ocer personnel information was not part of the public record,
surveillance-video system. A manager asleep at home had to provide a pass- even though cops were for many the primary face and powerful arm
word. Internal cameras show ocers typing away on the systems keyboard. of government. Documents Futterman acquired in 2006 showed that a
Eighty-six minutes of video, covering the time of the shooting, went missing. relatively small number of ocers in Chicago were responsible for most
In January 2015, Kalven obtained McDonalds autopsy with a Freedom of the misdeeds. Chicagos police force then had 13,500 members (it now
of Information request. The autopsy, performed with a representative from has 12,500), and only 662 cops racked up more than 10 citizen complaints;
the Independent Police Review Authority present, inventoried McDonalds most ocers nished their careers with just a handful. Yet the department
tattoos: Good Son on his right hand and YOLO, for You only live once, rarely disciplined or retrained even its 662 most-maligned cops.
on his left. The report documented the 16 times he was shot, bullets striking I have a deep admiration for ocers who serve us and do it for the right
his left scalp and right chest, his left elbow, his right upper leg and his right reasons, Futterman told me. As a kid, I wanted to be a cop. But Ive also seen
lower back. Fragments were lodged in his teeth. Ten of the 16 shots struck how much harm abusive and racist policing can do to individuals and families
him from behind or the sides. It was knowing absolutely, denitively, and entire communities. What he and Kalven have demonstrated through
demonstrably that the city was lying, Kalven said. their work is how easy it could be to identify the bad actors before the greater
Nearly three months after the shooting and amid Emanuels conten- harm is done. This information about problem ocers is so knowable, so
tious bid for a second term, Kalven published excerpts from the autopsy predictable, so clear, Futterman said. Before Jason Van Dyke opened re on
in an expos for Slate, writing that it was the mayors duty to release the Laquan McDonald, at least 19 complaints had been logged against him, 11 of
dashcam video and begin to restore trust in the citys police. Van Dyke them for excessive force. In 2007, the city paid $350,000 to a black motorist
hadnt been charged with a crime, let alone red or identied publicly (the Van Dyke beat up during a trac stop. He faced no consequences.
citys contract with the Fraternal Order of Police includes prohibitions Brandon Smith, a 29-year-old freelance writer on Chicagos North Side,
on disclosing names of ocers under investigation to the media). Police was a student at the citys Columbia College when he heard Kalven speak
ocials, prosecutors and IPRA investigators all had copies of the video by about his work and decided that he, too, wanted to be a journalist-activist.
then. Superintendent McCarthy later admitted to watching it the day after Stories of the man picking on the little guy, he told me. Last year, Smith
the shooting. Stephen Patton, the citys corporation counsel, in charge of a learned about the existence of the Laquan McDonald video from a 27-year-
department of 270 attorneys, informed the mayors sta in December that old South Sider named William Calloway, who took to activism after he hap-
pened to hear Rekia Boyds brother speak
about his frustrated quest to bring the
ocer who shot Boyd to justice. It caught
me o guard as a human being, Calloway
Left to right: said. I decided Id do whatever was in my
The attorney power to help. Smith led a Freedom of
Matt Topic,
the journalist-
Information request for the McDonald
activist Brandon video in May 2015; the police denied his
Smith and the petition outright that August, claiming that
activist William public dissemination of the footage would
Calloway, who
harm a continuing investigation.
all worked
to make the The police are ready and happy to fur-
McDonald video nish bits and pieces that support the o-
public. cial narrative, Futterman told me. But
they suppress anything that contradicts
or shows it not to be true. The public was
told about McDonalds arrest history and
gang aliation, that he had PCP in his sys-
tem and lunged at an ocer with a knife.
While the privacy of the police is shielded
they were on the lookout for a lawsuit over Laquan McDonalds death. at all costs, the same is rarely aorded to their victims.
And yet the city took no steps to correct the blatantly false characterizations Several local and national media outlets also sent in requests for the
from the night of the shooting. The fate of Laquan McDonald, Kalven dashcam video and received the same answer. But only Smith followed up
wrote, has thus become entwined with that of Mayor Emanuel. It presents by suing for its release. He did so by turning to a lawyer he met named Matt
his administration with a dening moment. Topic. In 2014, Topic joined Loevy & Loevy, one of the citys leading civil
rights rms, and started a practice there dedicated solely to FOIA litigation.
Over the past 15 years, Futterman and Kalven have worked with hundreds In Chicago, he didnt lack for work. If you care about democracy, you need
of people who were mistreated by the police in Chicagos high-rise public to know what government is up to, Topic said. It made me mad to see
housing. They saw rsthand what law enforcement can mean in mar- government routinely deny people information. Topic, with Futterman
ginalized, high-crime sections of the city. There was nothing in terms of as his partner, won Brandon Smiths case on Nov. 19, 2015, persuading the
call-911 public safety, Kalven told me. It was detainment and day-to-day judge to deny the citys motion to stay the ruling.
patterns of police abuse police teams taking drugs and guns and money When I asked Malcolm London, a 23-year-old spoken-word poet and an
Photographs by Devin Yalkin for The New York Times The New York Times Magazine 51

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
organizer with Black Youth Project Last year, Emanuel announced any real impediments. We can-
100, why Laquan McDonald shook that the city would oer reparations not ask citizens in crime-ravaged
up the city while so many other to those harmed by the worst case neighborhoods to break the code
incidents failed to seize the public of police misconduct in Chicagos of silence if we continue to let a
Reach for the stars imagination, he rst wanted to set history. From 1972 to 1991, ocers code of silence exist in our own
this summer me straight. For us, the video didnt tortured at least 125 African-Ameri- Police Department, the mayor
change what was already happening can suspects in station-house inter- said in a speech two weeks after the
in Chicago, he said. We were on rogation rooms. The assaults were McDonald video went viral. Law-
the ground long before the cameras carried out or supervised by Jon yers suing the city had exhausted
came. London is right, of course. Burge, who was promoted from countless hours over decades try-
Alongside the citys culture of police detective to commander during ing to get a nding by a court just
misconduct, there has grown a the years that his midnight crew to admit that this code existed. And
counteracting network of activists, coerced false confessions from here a sitting Chicago mayor was
attorneys, community organizers, men by beating them with phone stating it as fact.
To learn about our variety journalists and retired black cops. books, suocating them and shock- The furor over the McDonald
of unique summer camps call London was among the leaders of ing them with electrical devices on revelations led Emanuel to usher in
305.367.6516 or visit Chicagos young black activists who their genitals or in their rectums. a change in leadership: the removal
OceanReefClubSummerCamps.com were turned on to organizing when In 1989, a cop sent the civil rights of Superintendent McCarthy, and
their friend Dominique Franklin attorney Flint Taylor a tip about an the swift departures of the chief of
Jr. died after being Tasered by a imprisoned Burge victim, writing detectives and the head and his dep-
police ocer on the North Side in that he would remain anonymous so uty at IPRA. It also heralded a urry
the spring of 2014. After Trayvon, as not to be shunned like Ocer of police reforms. The city would
but before Mike Brown, Page May Frank Laverty. now add to the number of ocers
told me. A month after McDonalds Laverty had revealed a few carrying Tasers and other alterna-
death, eight of them traveled to the years earlier that it was common tives to guns; it would expand the
United Nations Committee Against practice for the Chicago police to use of wearable body cameras. The
Torture, in Geneva, persuading withhold from defense attorneys police would start to look at pat-
members of the international body what they called a street le, a terns in complaints against ocers
to include in the ocial record not raft of evidence that all too often to pick out cops in need of retrain-
only the misdeeds of the Chicago refuted whatever ocial account of ing. New mandates on when and
Police Department but also the fate events had been concocted. Laver- how ocers should use force read
of Franklin. We needed his name to ty ended his career taking urine as if they could have been written
be known, May, a member of the samples from recruits. Burge once by reformer activists: There need
delegation, explained. What things demonstrated for a group of o- to be fundamental changes, because
mean has as much to do with what cers how the department dealt with even when force may be legally
happened as how we respond to it. snitches: As Laverty left the room justied, it doesnt mean its nec-
they were in, Burge unholstered his essary. Last December, the Justice
In February, Mayor Emanuel and I gun, pointed it toward the back of Department announced that its
sat on couches in his wood-paneled Lavertys head and said bang. In civil rights division would conduct
oce at City Hall for an hourlong 2010, Burge was convicted of per- a wide-ranging pattern-and-prac-
conversation. He was only a little jury and obstruction of justice, and tice investigation of the Chicago
Award-Winning combative: Im not arguing with was imprisoned; he was released police. Emanuel at rst opposed the
Photography From you, Ben. Its not an argument, less than four years later and is now probe. Although he now supports
The New York Times he said at one point, as if he were living in Florida with a full police it, he hoped the police-account-
reminding himself. He explained pension. The revelations eroded ability task force he created would
that he was concerned not with his much of whatever trust black com- come up with homegrown solutions
falling approval numbers or calls for munities still had in the police force ahead of any federal mandates.
his head but with bringing change and even prompted a Republican Craig Futterman, one of the 50
to the city. Im not going any- governor to effectively end the experts who served on the task
where, he assured me. Im going death penalty in Illinois. forces working groups, was relieved
888.669.2709 to nish the job I was elected to do. Burge happened 30 years prior that the report released on April 13
nytimes.com/store The mayor ran through a laundry list to me being mayor, Emanuel told confronted the hard realities of rac-
of the police scandals that rattled me. I wanted to close the chapter ism, abuse and lack of oversight in
previous Chicago administrations. on this and bring the city whole. the Chicago Police Department. It
Every mayor has dealt with chal- But the mayor introduced the rep- dealt in real truth-telling, he said.
lenges from the Police Department arations agreement in the City The rst step in xing a problem
not living up to the title of Chica- Council on April 15, 2015 the is acknowledging it and getting the
gos nest, he told me. All the same day aldermen voted to pay diagnosis right. Yet he also said
measures my predecessors took, $5 million to the family of Laquan there are reasons to remain skep-
it never measured up to the full McDonald. Emanuel would soon tical that real change will come to
scope of the problem. What they did be forced to admit that the same a troubled police force and a city
was right. Just not right enough. It patterns of perjury and abuse had with enduring structures of rac-
wasnt sucient. continued under his watch without ism and inequality. He pointed to a
52 4.24.16

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
Answers to puzzles of 4.17.16 report put together in 1972 by Ralph Metcalfe, joined teachers in demonstrations on the streets.
the Olympic sprinter and former United States On April 12, the night before the executive sum-
EXPANDED WORLDVIEW
congressman from Chicago, that also demanded mary of the accountability task force report was
N A C H O O L S E N B L O B S H A Q reforms of a racist and abusive police force. We released, 100 demonstrators also gathered on
E T H E R N O O S E L O V E L G B T
A N I M A L H O U S E O N E S E A T E R
had this same conversation over 40 years ago, Chicagos West Side, alongside the fence where
T I N L I A I S E W E R E N T Futterman said. Pierre Loury, 16, was shot less than 24 hours earli-
E N U F O N E A S Y S T R E E T M B A As the city suers through one of its deadliest er by a police ocer. The police said Loury was in
R E A R E N D S O H O A N S W E R S
A L E A T W O R S T E S A I
starts to a year, black residents continue to feel a car suspected of being connected to an earlier
S T U M B L I N G B L O C K F I G H T S as if they are under assault from both too much shooting. They claimed he ran and that an armed
H O S E A B A R I H A I R D O
policing and too little. Last December, an o- confrontation ensued. Witnesses said Loury was
A R E S D E S I R E S B E L T O U T
G M O S E X A N D T H E C I T Y U N E
cer shot a mentally ill 19-year-old wielding a bat, trying to climb the fence when he was killed. The
S E N S A T E S E A B A S S P I C A also killing a downstairs neighbor, a 55-year-old incident is under investigation.
C R E S T S M O L E A U J U S
mother of ve; the ocer soon led a $10 million
R E N O I R C O M M U N I S T S T A T E
I D I O I M A M E S S R I S lawsuit against the estate of the deceased young Seventy-four police cadets, in crisp dress blues,
S U N B U R N P D A B R E A C H E D man, claiming he deserved whatever wrong- their shoes polished to a glow, stood at their grad-
E C O R E D S O X N A T I O N H E X A
ful-death settlement the city paid out because uation ceremony on April 8 barking replies in
T A P E U P D I G I T S D I P
T I M E L A P S E G O O G L E E A R T H he now suered trauma from shooting them. In unison Good morning, sir! to the digni-
A P E X S T I R F U G U E G R E E N March, the Fraternal Order of Police made sure taries addressing them in Navy Piers mammoth
J O L T T H E A S T A N D A A N D E
Jason Van Dyke was still taken care of, hiring him ballroom. Bagpipes cawed as a heavy spring snow
as a janitor as he awaited trial. descended outside. Families joyously snapped
With Chicago spending nearly 40 percent of photos. The newly minted Chicago Police Depart-
KENKEN
its operating budget on policing, activists are ment ocers had started their training in August,
demanding that the force be defunded, that their months in the academy spanning the release
resources go instead to rebuilding the neigh- and aftermath of the Laquan McDonald video.
borhoods depleted by crime and record unem- Change has happened, the mayor told them
ployment and failing and shuttered schools. This from the stage. Its a new world out there.
month, teachers staged a one-day strike, a week It was a message that had been repeated to
after the rst of three unpaid school furlough them countless times over the past months, as
days meant to dent the school systems $1.1 bil- they readied themselves to join a department
lion decit. Protesters against police brutality now under scrutiny and (Continued on Page 55)
ACROSTIC
WENDY WILLIAMS, THE HORSE Despite what you
see in Hollywood movies, horses . . . rarely stampede
en masse. If several bands of horses . . . are frightened
. . . , the bands . . . head off in all different directions. Their
. . . flight trajectories . . . look . . . like spokes in a wheel.
A. Weightless H. Lifeboat O. Hornets

B. Eventful I. Loophole P. Edginess
C. Nesselrode J. Inversion Q. Hawaiians
D. Dethrone K. Affianced R. Offertory
E. Yesterday L. Makeshift S. Resemble
F. Whirlpool M. Soda jerks T. Sheetrock
G. Idealism N. Threads U. Edith Piaf
SMART SET BATTLESHIPS
Opt out 3 0 1 1 1 3 1
Big Bang
Poison pen
. . . . . . .
Wheel well . . . . . . .
Hired hand
Acute angle
. . . . . . .
Silver Star . . . . . x .
Femme fatale
Little League
. . . . . . .
Pasta primavera . . . . . . .
Goodness gracious
Russian Revolution . . . . . . .
Answers to puzzle on Page 54
SPELLING BEE
Magically (3 points). Also: Acacia, acclaim, cagily, calla,

calmly, cilia, claim, clammy, cyclic, cyclical, cyclically,
glacial, glacially, icily, iliac, lilac, magic, magical, mimic.
If you found other legitimate dictionary words in the
beehive, feel free to include them in your score.

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
Puzzles
SPELLING BEE HEX NUTS BATTLESHIPS

By Frank Longo By Patrick Berry By Wei-Hwa Huang
How many common words of 5 or more letters can Each 9-letter Row answer reads across its This is a puzzle version of the classic pencil-and-
you spell using the letters in the hive? Every answer correspondingly lettered row. Each 6-letter Hex answer paper game. Place 1 cruiser (3 grid cells, as shown),
must use the center letter at least once. Letters may fills its correspondingly numbered hexagon, starting in 2 destroyers (2 cells) and 3 submarines (1 cell) in the grid
be reused in a word. At least one word will use all 7 one of the 6 spaces and reading clockwise or horizontally and vertically so that no 2 vessels touch,
letters. Proper names and hyphenated words are not counterclockwise. As a solving aid, the 2 shaded not even diagonally. The numbers at the side of the grid
allowed. Score 1 point for each answer, and 3 points half-hexagons will contain the same 3-letter sequence tell you how many cells in the corresponding rows and
for a word that uses all 7 letters. (as if the grid is wrapping around vertically). columns are occupied by vessels.
Rating: 7 = good; 13 = excellent; 19 = genius ROWS Ex. Fleet

A. Newspaper article that may offer a varying opinion 0 2 0 2 1 4 1
3 . . . . . . .
(2 wds., hyph.) B. Support one faction over another 1 . . . . . . .
2 . . . . . . .
(2 wds.) C. Box for wrenches and such (2 wds.) D. Lured 1 . . . . . . .
0 . . . . . . .
A HEXES
1. Starfleet captain known for saying Make it so
0
3
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
<
.
.
.
.
.
.
2. Capital of Kansas 3. Withdraw from the Union

Y G 4. Sculptors tool 5. Skin picture? 6. Feel loathing for
2 0 4 2 1 1 0
4 . . . . . . .
C 0 . . . . . . .
1
A
M I 2 3
0 . . . . . . .
B 1 . . . . . . .
L 4
2 . . . . . o .
C
5 6 1 . . . . . . .
D
Our list of words, worth 22 points, appears with last weeks answers. 2 . . . . . . .
SPLIT DECISIONS
By Fred Piscop
The only clues in this

crossword are the letter
pairs provided in the
L O O S L U
grid. Each answer across O R A N O N
and down consists of
two words, which share I A A I O I A L X A LW U I A O
the letters to be entered
in the empty squares. X L X K U N R I I G U I T Z R D
In the example below,
the letters S, E and W
U R M B W I
are added to complete A T C K H A
the words SINEW and
SCREW. Some of the O E I A P N
E G
combinations in the grid
may have more than C R N R
one possible answer, but
only one will fit with all
S S R E O U L U
the crossings. C E L O I N T O
O A U O I O
T K N U P L
Example: K Y O L R E
S E E C O U
I H X P A R Y E M I O L MW O E
becomes D E E I L U L A A G MA I E I E
M B I O C O
B U A X G E
54

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
Chicago against him on record, could lead by
(Continued from Page 53) example, Emanuel said. The mayor
had made a calculated choice to win
regarded with suspicion. A recruit back cops on the street. Johnson, he
named Hayden Villamercado, in his said, is able to build trust with the
graduation address, stressed that rank and le, which is essential to
the classs diversity would allow bring morale up.
its members to better serve their In one of his rst public state-
communities. He related how in ments as chief, Johnson said that
the course of one shift, his partner in his three decades on the force,
assisted a citizen in Mandarin and he Ive actually never encountered
helped someone in Spanish. Eman- police misconduct, because ocers
uel had named a new police chief, would know better than to commit
Eddie Johnson, two weeks earlier, an oense in front of someone who
and Johnson told the recruits that would hold them accountable.
he would put on notice the The statement raised the question
1,000 individuals who he said were of whether a leader steeped in the
responsible for a vast majority of culture could even see the ingrained
Chicagos serious crime. His warn- institutional problems he was sup-
ing came as part of a larger pitch for posed to change.
a new style of policing that put com- The mayor told me that the
munity rst. The new ocers need- new body cameras were arriving
ed to recognize that neighborhoods that week. He touted the technol-
were not war zones. People want to ogy as a way to empower citizens
be included they want to be our and liberate conscientious police
partners, Johnson instructed. And ocers a cops word would no
quite frankly, we need them. longer stand alone as the arbiter of
Johnson, a 27-year African-Amer- truth. Emanuel said that Johnson
ican veteran of the force, hadnt had volunteered to wear a body
applied for the superintendents camera himself when in the eld,
job. So he wasnt interviewed or and he was requiring the same of
vetted by the Police Board, which, as his entire command sta.
mandated by city law, had conduct- Despite the citys deeps scars
ed an extensive search and sent its from racism and corruption, Eman-
shortlist of candidates to the mayor uel had seemed practically buoyant
for his nal selection. But Emanuel when detailing his proposed police
rejected the nalists, picking John- reforms. I said I own the Laquan
son instead, in eect reiterating the McDonald problem, and I own the
assertion made by protesters that xes, he told me. At the end of the
the board was illegitimate. A Police day, I will be measured by whether
Board member told me that the I took the moment and led the city
emperor had made his declaration. in a comprehensive way to a better
At the ceremony, after the mayor place. Were going to get there. I will
posed for portraits with the gradu- own that.
ating class, he and I spoke for a few The graduating recruits looked
minutes. When I asked what went impossibly young, all of them no
into his decision to go around his doubt lled on this day with pride
Police Board, Emanuel stopped me for the work to come. They would
before I could nish the sentence: report to their jobs on Monday,
Your question is wrong. Your word- joining a force in which it has been
ing is wrong. It has a mind frame, customary for veterans to lie, sup-
and Im going to cut you o there. press evidence and silence witness-
The mayor said there was precedent es. Could they also join other young
and grounds for him to reject can- Chicagoans in demanding that the
didates who didnt meet his goals. system they were now a part of pro-
Most pressing, he said, was the vide justice for all in the city? I will
spike in gun violence that was being faithfully discharge the duties of the
met with a simultaneous decline in oce of police ocer, according to
arrests. Theres a whole dierent the best of my abilities, the cadets
narrative about policing, the mayor recited together, echoing the phras-
said. Morale has taken a hit. John- es spoken by the departments rst
son, who came from the patrol divi- deputy superintendent, as they took
sion and had no citizen complaints their oath of oce.

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
Puzzles Edited by Will Shortz
TEE TIME 1
18
2 3 4
19
5 6 7
20
8 9 10 11 12
21
13 14 15 16 17
By Kathy Wienberg
22 23 24
ACROSS 53 Milliners 87 Personal highs

25 26 27 28
1 Contents of some accessory 88 Targets of the
tubs 54 Lemonade go-with Dodd-Frank Act 29 30 31 32 33
5 Copacetic in an Arnold 89 Three houses
8 Military band Palmer ipped this week, 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43
12 Showy debut 56 Farmers place e.g.?

58 Some trattoria 44 45 46 47
18 Turning brown, as 92 Whedon who
orders directed 2012s
a banana 48 49 50 51 52 53
60 Landlords The Avengers
20 Acid head?
business 93 Nut 54 55 56 57 58 59
21 How some papers
62 Wing it? 94 Khan : Mongolia ::
are presented
64 Groups of quail ____ : Russia 60 61 62 63 64
22 Nickname for an
65 Avant-garde 95 N.F.L. QB Newton
accident-prone 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
98 Little bit
L.A.P.D. sergeant? 66 Gulf Coast port
thats gone 99 Feature of the
24 ____ note 72 73 74 75 76
bonkers? western end of the
25 Stat 69 Multitalented Champs-lyses 77 78 79 80 81
26 Avoided a tag, say Minnelli 101 Surfers worry
27 Cry from an errant 72 Source of add-on 104 Hooters menu? 82 83 84 85 86 87
burger ipper? damages in a 110 Nap
29 Chatty Cathy types lawsuit 112 Cave deposits
88 89 90 91
31 Bit of pond slime 74 ____ Institute 113 Volunteers? 92 93 94 95 96 97

33 Chaps (astronomers org.)
114 Biscuits with no
34 Able was I ____ I 75 NASA vehicle sharp edges? 98 99 100 101 102 103
saw Elba 77 Literally, fried 117 Deceptive pitch
35 Brit. reference sets noodles 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112
118 Plumbing or
37 Captivate 79 Help for bricklaying
motorcycle 113 114 115 116
40 Bridge 119 Christ, with the
daredevils
44 Victorias Secret 120 Overage 117 118 119
81 Having the most
job description? 121 Edit menu option
4/24/16
marbles
47 Copy, briey 122 ____ your head 120 121 122 123
82 List for a recital
48 In better shape 83 Word with green 123 Physics units
51 Weather forecast or brain
thats hard to DOWN 6 ____-in clause 14 End of many 46 Subject in 80 +
85 Hershey
predict? 1 Put on the map 7 Answer sheets country names metallurgy 82 Simple sandwich,
chocolate-and-
52 Low caramel candy 8 Little bit 15 In addition 47 Figure on a utility simply
2 2009 Best Picture
nominee set in the 9 Relief 16 Diamond-shaped bill 84 Actor Alan
22nd century 10 Piece of cake road sign 48 What a limo may
86 Longtime
Puzzles Online: Todays puzzle and more 17 All Glory, Laud be for
than 9,000 past puzzles, nytimes.com/crosswords 3 Fix, as a pump 11 Georgetown Sudanese president
4 Plastered player and Honor, e.g. 49 Served well?
____ al-Bashir
($39.95 a year). For the daily puzzle commentary:
12 Postal employee 19 Campaign or 50 What some
nytimes.com/wordplay. 5 Airplane 89 First name in
Mobile crosswords: nytimes.com/mxword maneuverer 13 Speaks up?
campaign topic mascara does to
lashes country music
20 Botanical cover
53 Remains 90 Sabotage
23 Wearing the most
bling, say suspended 91 Troop group
KENKEN
Fill the grid with digits so as not to repeat a digit in any row or column, and so that the digits within each
28 One of the
Avengers
30 First-family name
55 iTunes category
57 Debussy
composition
93 Communion hosts,
e.g.
95 Moviedom
heavily outlined box will produce the target number shown, by using addition, subtraction, multiplication 32 + + + 59 Nerve-racking 96 Dug
or division, as indicated in the box. A 5x5 grid will use the digits 15. A 7x7 grid will use 17. performance,
36 Couple 97 Gentlemen: Abbr.
38 Banned fruit spray
maybe
98 Physics units
61 Likewise
39 Family name of 100 Ticket
Pope Leo X, 63 Community-
service club 102 Brownish purple
Leo XI and
Clement VII 67 Country capital 103 Givee
40 Protective with the worlds 104 Part of a trophy
covering for a tallest building 105 Operating system
pier? before the Burj developed at Bell
41 Venus and Mars,
Khalifa Labs
so to speak 68 Like AARP The
106 Align
42 Its in the eye of
Magazine
107 Its a drag
the beholder 70 Spice
71 Part of AMPAS 108 Queue after Q
43 Security Council
73 Knocks the socks 109 Acquire
veto
44 Sign seen at a o 111 Sandy shade
Heartbreakers 76 Hon 115 Seles around
concert? 77 Later 2012-13, e.g.
45 Field 78 Almost 116 Low-____
KenKen is a registered trademark of Nextoy, LLC. 2016 www.KENKEN.com. All rights reserved.
56

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
THE BEST
PURE COTTON
NON-IRON
DRESS SHIRT
BAR NONE.
YOU
SAVE
70%
UNBEATABLE
INTRODUCTORY
OFFER
$24.95 REG $89.50
PLUS,
FREE MONOGRAMMING
REG $10.95
ADD THIS TIE FOR JUST $19.95

REG $69.50
PAULFREDRICK.COM/PERFECT 800.309.6000 PROMO CODE L6MSND
WHITE 100% COTTON PINPOINT / NEAT WRINKLE-FREE WEAR / EASY NON-IRON CARE
4 COLLAR STYLES / BUTTON OR FRENCH CUFF / REGULAR, BIG & TALL & TRIM FIT
GUARANTEED PERFECT FIT.

FREE EXCHANGES. EASY RETURNS. NEW CUSTOMER OFFER. LIMIT 4 SHIRTS.
IMPORTED. SHIPPING EXTRA. EXPIRES 5/31/16.

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
Talk
Melissa Gilbert single greatest reality program on tele-

vision today.
How does it feel to be an entertainer
running in this cycle, which has been
Never Saw unprecedented in its levels of theatrical-
ity? There is no theatricality going down
here in the Eighth District of Michigan.
Congress in Her You used to have a blog, and one post
goes into great detail about your deci-
sion to do breast augmentation, and
Future then your decision to have the implants
removed. Do you think that your habit
of being so candid is an asset as a poli-
Interview by Ana Marie Cox
tician, or do you think youll need to be
a little more disciplined? Well, Im not
a traditional politician. I was not raised
to be a politician. I am a citizen. I think
leaders should be more candid, frankly,
and less political.
As a child, you played Laura Ingalls Wild- Unlike most people, you had a profes-
er in the TV adaptation of Little House sion as a child. Did you ever go through
on the Prairie. Now youre running to a period in your youth when you thought
represent the Eighth District of Mich- about what you were going to be when
igan in Congress. If you win, will this you grow up? I actually wanted to be a
be your rst nonentertainment-related neurosurgeon specializing in pediatric
job? Ive done volunteer work, but Ive oncology. My mother practically told
never been paid for it. So, yes, it will be me, You know that what youre doing is
my rst. There was no salary for the pres- a career, right? I said, Is it, really? Ive
idency of the Screen Actors Guild. stayed in entertainment in various forms,
Famously, the SAG presidency was the and its extraordinary that all those deci-
thing on Ronald Reagans rsum that sions led here I never thought I would
supporters pointed to when he rst got be running for oce.
into politics. Does it actually prepare If you could wave a magic wand and pass
you for political oce? Like Washington, any bill through Congress, what would it
SAG is a two-party system; theres a lib- be? The rst thing I would do is co-spon-
eral and a conservative party. The names sor the Paycheck Fairness Act.
change, but when I was there, my party In your 2009 memoirs, you wrote that
was called the Restore Respect Party, and you were considering a second career
my opposition was the Membership First as a nurse. And on your blog, youve
Party. I reached across the aisle to a few said youre bad at follow-through.
people from my opponents party who I Why should voters think that running
thought had really terric ideas. for oce is more than just a whim for
Are there any other entertain- you? Because this campaign is my pri-
ers-turned-politicians that you look at mary focus. I have the ability to focus
and see as role models? Because I am a when need be.
woman doing this, I dont know that there Youre in recovery and in recovery,
is anyone else out there like me. its highly recommended that you
Have you heard the expression that develop a spiritual practice. What does
Washington is Hollywood for ugly peo- yours look like? I have absolute belief in
Interview has been condensed and edited.
ple? What a horrible thing to say. a higher power. I believe that I can do
Its far from the worst thing thats been nothing without a community of people
said about D.C., and I think theres around me.
Age: Gilbert is the Her Five Favorite
some truth to it: Both are full of very 51 Democratic Things About How do these beliefs inform your poli-
ambitious people who network all the candidate for Country Living tics? I have faith in people. I have a faith
Occupation:
time and who sometimes forget the Michigans Eighth 1. Peace that love will win out.
Aspiring politician
Congressional 2. Quiet
reason they came in the rst place. So, District. 3. Focus
But if you look at the headlines, there
what is Hollywood the Washington for? Hometown: doesnt seem to be a lot of love in politics
4. God
Los Angeles
Well, the best way I can liken the two is 5. Learning how to these days. Im sorry. That doesnt feel
the Republican debates, which are the use a chain saw like a question.
58 4.24.16 Photograph by Dave Krieger

P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604
P r e s s R e a d e r. c o m +1 604 278 4604

The New York Time Magazine 24 A - The New York Times

Transféré par

Informations du document

Titre original

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

The New York Time Magazine 24 A - The New York Times

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

April 24, 2016

Printed and distributed by PressReader

Printed and distributed by PressReader

A full-service lifestyle complemented by three

Two to Five Bedroom Residences from

Opening Spring 2016.

To be added to our priority interest list

Printed and distributed by PressReader

Drink As You Like It To honor the 400th anniversary of By Rosie Schaap

Printed and distributed by PressReader

FINEST WAS IN THE HANDS

OF NEW YORKS FINEST.

Printed and distributed by PressReader

Photograph by Devin Yalkin for The New York Times

The system as it exists is never going to

6 Copyright 2016 The New York Times

Printed and distributed by PressReader

Printed and distributed by PressReader

Mark Landler H Is for Hawk, Editor in Chief JAKE SILVERSTEIN

Director of Photography KATHY RYAN

diversify tennis on the South Side of Chicago. WESLEY MORRIS,

Writers at Large C. J. CHIVERS,

Deputy Art Director JASON SFETKO

Designers FRANK AUGUGLIARO,

Associate Photo Editors STACEY BAKER,

Virtual-Reality Editor JENNA PIROG

Dear Reader: When Did You MARGARET PREBULA,

Start Working? Head of Research NANDI RODRIGO

Research Editors NANA ASFOUR,

Printed and distributed by PressReader

Printed and distributed by PressReader

For the rst time ever, Jay Caspian Kang

10 4.24.16 Illustrations by Giacomo Gambineri

Printed and distributed by PressReader

Manhattans one and only CyberKnife Center.

Printed and distributed by PressReader

Autumn Indulgence at Sea and on Land

Sailing & Cruises

Ian Austen, Times Correspondent

Printed and distributed by PressReader

Printed and distributed by PressReader

woke is a back-pat from the left, a way

14 4.24.16 Illustration by Javier Jan

Printed and distributed by PressReader

Printed and distributed by PressReader

Every so often, an idea comes along that

or is it ours? now, that xation has landed on chatbots,

16 4.24.16 Illustration by Jessica Svendsen Next Week: On Photography, by Teju Cole

Printed and distributed by PressReader

A friendly SKRPR comes to

3 Our drivers deliver your leftovers

Printed and distributed by PressReader

18 4.24.16 Illustration by Jessica Svendsen

Printed and distributed by PressReader

Printed and distributed by PressReader

Can My son to bet on a highly unlikely event if the

Daughter Vote man and colleagues you might gure

At Her Swing- o. With about 320 million of us, thats a

State College? in 10 million. Then if you care about your

.com; or send mail

20 4.24.16 Illustration by Tomi Um

Printed and distributed by PressReader

Printed and distributed by PressReader