Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Camille McRae
EPSE 565 D
THE GENIUS PROJECT 2
Abstract
This paper examines the notion of giftedness for the purpose of developing a model of gifted
education that promotes inclusive education. Using the Inquiry Based Learning approach, the
author explores theories of intelligence to develop a unit plan that strives to incorporate the
smart context model of gifted education. Rooted in theory, The Genius Project is a multi-term
unit plan that promotes differentiated instruction, opportunities for advanced differentiation,
and the creation of a safe, inclusive, classroom community for students. Modelled on the new
BC curriculum for Grade 5 Language Arts, Career Education, and Art Education, The Genius
Project is intended to demonstrate that any teacher can incorporate aspects of smart context
education into their classroom, and promote high achievement from all students by scaffolding
Rationale
Introduction
I am a public school teacher with five years of post-degree experience. After graduating
Beginner ESL teacher for two years, gaining my first real experiences teaching students in the
margins. It was at this time that I began to realize the importance of differentiating instruction
to meet the needs of the students who have learning challenges, and developed an interest in
working in Special Education. I had not, however, given much thought to the students on the
Giftedness as we know it
Upon first considering the notion of giftedness, I believed that it was a label designed
for people with exceptional abilities in particular areas; a permanent classification for those
who are or are not exceptional. However, upon further exploration of the concept, I was
surprised to find myself changing my mind. The identification paradigm of giftedness is rooted
in the belief that intelligence is measurable through testing, such as the IQ test (Borland, 2005).
While there is certainly a place for standardized assessments in education, my belief is that they
should not be used to label students as gifted, or, perhaps more importantly, not gifted.
The tests and recommendations required for a gifted designation, in the context of the
BC Ministry of Education, are recommended to be administered at a very early age, and thus
disqualify many students who may otherwise be good candidates for enrichment programs (BC
THE GENIUS PROJECT 4
Ministry of Education, 2016). Furthermore, it is important to recognize that the model for gifted
identification presents social justice concerns. Certain factors that contribute to a gifted
designation are affected by socio-economic status, place of birth, family, culture, systematic
racism, and the eurocentric nature of the ideology, which excludes Aboriginal groups (G. Peters,
Once a student is identified as gifted, there are also social emotional concerns to
consider. As discussed in the article Suicide prompts call for changes; Coroner, oftentimes
individuals who self-identify as gifted experience significant anxiety because of the pressure to
perform academically (Harnett, 2013). This article describes the tragic suicide of a student in an
accelerated program who was not granted an extension for her project, and brings to light the
Rosemary Burd (2016), a former gifted education consultant, gifted program educator,
and MA in High Ability Studies, has suggested that gifted programming may not be providing
meaningful challenges for students. In her experience, gifted programming often focusses too
heavily on skills that students have already mastered, on acceleration in subject material, and
on familiar tasks and frameworks (Burd, 2016). As such, gifted students are not challenged to
take risks in their learning, learn material in greater depth, or explore novel ideas and projects
independently; additionally, this may be because some gifted individuals have a fixed mindset
due to the fact that they have always been praised for being smart, thus they have a fear of
making mistakes (Burd, 2016). Burd (2016) also makes a strong case for providing equal
THE GENIUS PROJECT 5
opportunities for the invisible students, who may have great potential for achievement, but
do not present as classically gifted simply because of their quiet or shy personalities.
When we consider the complex and problematic nature of giftedness, the increasing
push towards inclusive education, and the fact that giftedness it is not a true marker of
eminence (Borland, 2005), it begs the question: What is the benefit of identifying individuals as
gifted? Instead of gate-keeping enrichment programs through potentially unjust and inaccurate
testing measures, we ought to strive, as educators, to provide gifted education for all students
My process
Upon redefining giftedness through the creation paradigm1, I felt a need to envision a
meaningful way of synthesizing everything I had learned to incorporate theory into practice. I
also wanted to improve my teaching practice, and gain experience unit planning with the new
curriculum. I was interested in the model of inquiry based learning (IBL), but I did not have good
models of student-centred learning activities to make an informed decision about which to try
in my own classroom. Upon exploring IBL, project based learning (PjBL), problem based learning
(PbBL), and case based learning (CBL), I realized that I, myself, was beginning to engage in an
inquiry based learning activity, because I was on a path to creating evidence-based knowledge,
based on an authentic question (Hmelo-Silver, Duncun & Chinn, 2007). In order to better
1
The belief that all individuals have to potential for giftedness, when provided with the necessary
affordances and instructional practices (Lo, 2016)
THE GENIUS PROJECT 6
understand the process, I used the Inquiry-Based Learning model to frame my exploration of
how to shift gifted education so that it can be inclusive of all students. Beginning with the KWL
learning process as a guide, I set some basic intentions for improving my practice: fostering self-
regulation in my students, creating a safe classroom community, teaching students how to self-
identify strengths and weaknesses, and encouraging students to set meaningful goals for
improvement. I also questioned many of the challenges of IBL. For example, the effectivity of
providing students with so much choice and independence, planning for differentiated
instruction for each student, time management of a unit that is guided by student inquiry,
ensuring fair participation among group members in a collaborative setting, and planning for
assessment without knowing the format of the final assignment from the beginning (Kirschner,
The notion of smart context was first introduced to me during a lecture on cultivating
gifted behaviour (Lo, 2016). I was inspired by schools that achieve this model through providing
practices, tacit learning, and real-world relevance (Lo, 2016). Initially I believed smart context
was an idealized model for education that could only be achieved with consensus among all
staff and administration, ample planning, and with affordances such as a new facility, or a
private school budget. Being a public school teacher myself, and not knowing where, or with
whom, I would be working, I felt a need to develop a practical way of incorporating smart
THE GENIUS PROJECT 7
context into the average classroom, even for a teacher such as myself, who has little experience
Smart context education puts the creation paradigm into practice by suggesting that
with effective planning and instruction, or rather gifted education, any student can and
should have opportunities to develop gifted behaviour (Borland, 2005). In order to foster smart
context in my own class and confront some of the challenges of IBL, I developed a
comprehensive unit plan that will weave throughout the climate of my classroom from
September until June. The Genius Project is designed to promote creative thinking, self-
regulated learning, and teach learning outcomes from the new BC curriculum in Language Arts,
Career Education, and Arts Education2, while providing opportunities for advanced
differentiation for all of my students, including those in the margins standardized ability.
2
Grade 5:
https://curriculum.gov.bc.ca/curriculum/search?type%5B%5D=big_idea&type%5B%5D=concept_content
&type%5B%5D=curricular_competency&field_subject_range_value%5B%5D=English+Language+Arts&fi
eld_subject_range_value%5B%5D=Arts+Education&field_subject_range_value%5B%5D=Career+Educat
ion&field_grade_range_value%5B%5D=5&keys=
THE GENIUS PROJECT 8
The Unit
project based learning (PjBL) to frame The Genius Project. I felt that PjBL incorporated the
learning processes that best met the intentions I set for my practice by incorporating theory,
practice, and skills, while allowing my role to be flexible yet controlled as the coach and
instructor (Savery, 2006). I also felt that as a fairly new career teacher, the PjBL model would
provide more structure for my planning and assessment process, while still providing me with
lots of opportunity to scaffold instruction, and ensure that my unit didnt become minimally
In order to confront the challenge of time management, I designed the unit to take
place over the course of the whole year. In the first term I will provide lots of structure and
scaffold the process with timelines and direct instruction so students can achieve the
curriculum outcomes in the Understand, Know, Do model to address the Big Ideas, Core
Curriculum (2016). The first step will be to build understanding by providing background theory
and information, and set a purpose for their learning. The second phase will be about knowing
the necessary the skills necessary to put their understanding into practice. The final phase will
be when the students use their skills and understanding to do research, writing, and a final
project for assessment. In the first term, students will have explicit Genius Time to work on
these projects, and well as lessons built into the shape of the day. However, in the second and
THE GENIUS PROJECT 9
third terms of the school year, students will practice their self-regulation skills and follow the
model they have already been taught, by embarking on more self-directed projects. These will
be worked on when they have completed other work (as an opportunity for high ability
students to make good use of their additional work time) and during less-occasional Genius
Time periods, where all students will be expected to work on their projects.
To ensure fair participation among group members in a collaborative setting, the first
term Genius Project will be independent, with the collaborative activities taking place during
the understand and know portions of the unit. This model will also allow for fair
assessment, and will help provide clear guidelines for assessment, because the rubrics will be
available from the beginning so that students have clear guidelines and expectations, which will
make the experience for effective and meaningful (Kirschner et al., 2006).
The first stage of the unit involves creating a safe space for students to become
comfortable taking risks in their learning, and working collaboratively3. This will be achieved by
creating a safe classroom climate through social-emotional, social responsibility, and self-
regulated learning activities4. In my experience, students must feel safe and have clear
motivated to learn and achieve, a concept that I will address by teaching the fixed and growth
mindset concepts.5 Finally, students will be challenged to explore the notion of intelligence, by
3
For full lesson details, resources, curriculum connections, and unit overview see appendix
4
ZONES of regulation, TRIBES, The Virtues Project
5
http://www.ted.com/talks/carol_dweck_the_power_of_believing_that_you_can_improve?language=en
THE GENIUS PROJECT 10
considering the lives of eminent people, the relationship between success in school and
In the next stage, students will explore Multiple Intelligence (MI) theory through
interactive games and activities7. This is a very important component for the unit because
teaching using the MI model can increase students confidence and enthusiasm for learning,
[and] it can also improve their academic achievement and change teachers perceptions of their
students learning abilities (Fierros, 2004, p.2) which is particularly important for our students
with learning challenges, or students who may not have opportunities to feel intelligent in a
traditional classroom context. Upon discovering how they are smart, students will practice goal
setting as part of the career education curriculum outcomes, as well as to promote the growth
mindset mentality. During this phase, students will also be introduced to PjBL, in order to
The final stage of the first term is where students begin to use their skills and
understanding to start working on their projects. The projects will be on the topic of a person of
eminence, however the student chooses to envision it. First, students will have to choose a
6
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=No4cNWFn6pk
7
http://www.discoveryeducation.com/teachers/free-lesson-plans/multiple-intelligences.cfm,
http://www.scholastic.com/teachers/article/clip-save-checklist-learning-activities-connect-multiple-
intelligences
https://printables.scholastic.com/shop/prcontent/Multiple-Intellgence-
Questionnaire/9780439590204-001
8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dFySmS9_y_0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OdYev6MXTOA
THE GENIUS PROJECT 11
person, and justify, using their knowledge and understanding of intelligence, why they are a
good subject. Students will conduct research9, learn writing skills10, and create projects based
positivity for students). This idea was inspired by Rosemary Burds (2016) discussion of the
MACC gifted programs culminating activity called A Night of Eminence, wherein students
choose a person of eminence, and dress up and act as that person for the evening. Burd (2016)
explained how she expanded on the project by insisting that students include a visual portrait
component for the project. I imagined these two wonderful project ideas, and thought about
how they touched so well on the linguistic, bodily-kinesthetic, and visual-spatial intelligences;
which made me wonder: If students had been given even more options, along with the
appropriate background information, would they be able to come up with even more creative
This project will culminate with presentations of student work, and be followed by an
invitation for students to use the same model of research, writing, and project presentation
with a new topic of their choosing. The reinvention of the Genius Project will give students, now
armed with the skills and concepts needed for self-directed learning, a chance to practice a
more IBL model for their next assignment, because it will be more student driven. Of course,
the whole process will still be scaffolded by teacher mentorship every step of the way,
9
Writing A-Z Informational texts levelled lessons
10
Writing Skills: Diana Hanbury King
THE GENIUS PROJECT 12
Reflection
The process of envisioning and developing The Genius Project stretched me as a teacher
and as a student. I learned about many new theories of education, such as mindset, student-
incorporate theory into practice in a way that was meaningful to me, by exploring and unit
planning with the new BC curriculum. Most importantly however, I made great strides in my
professional development goals of becoming a better teacher for inclusion, by, for the first
time, considering and planning for the needs of my highly able learners.
THE GENIUS PROJECT 13
References
Borland, J. H. (2005). Gifted education without gifted children: The case for no conception of
giftedness. In R. J. Sternberg & J. E. Davidson (Eds.), Conceptions of giftedness (2nd ed.,
pp. 119). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Burd, R. A. (2016, May 16). Seeing Possibilities: Envisioning Gifted Education. Lecture presented
at EPSE 565 D in UBC, Vancouver.
Canada, BC Ministry of Education, Special Education Services. (2016, April). (pp. 53-55).
Retrieved June 20, 2016, from
https://www.bced.gov.bc.ca/specialed/special_ed_policy_manual.pdf#page=61
Fierros, E. G. (2004). How multiple intelligences theory can guide teachers practices: Ensuring
success for students with disabilities. Denver, CO: National Institute for Urban School
Improvement.
Harnett, C. E. (2013, May 04). Suicide prompts call for changes; coroner. Times - Colonist
Retrieved from
http://ezproxy.library.ubc.ca/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13485472
87?accountid=14656
Hmelo-Silver, C. E., Duncan, R. G., & Chinn, C. A. (2007). Scaffolding and achievement in
problem-based and inquiry learning: A response to Kirschner, Sweller, and, Clark.
Educational Psychologist, 42(2), 99-107. doi:10.1080/00461520701263368
Kirschner, P. A., Sweller, J., Clark, R. E. (2006). Why minimal guidance during instruction does
not work: An analysis of the failure of constructivist, discovery, problem-based,
experiential, and inquiry-based teaching, Educational Psychologist, 41(2), 75-86.
doi:10.1207/s15326985ep4102_1
Lo, O. (2016, May 24). Smart Context (Part I): Addressing Learners. Lecture presented at
EPSE 565 D in UBC, Vancouver.
Appendix
Resources
http://prezi.com/xl5_4gjf41zv/?utm_campaign=share&utm_medium=copy&rc=ex0share
K W
L
S
What do I know? What do I want to What did I learn? What do I still
know? want to learn?
Students have a How to incorporate How to write a unit How to teach self-
great potential for smart context plan using a clear regulation
eminence, but this is immediately if I'm template
hired as a teacher How to accurately
not necessarily How to use some assess projects when
next year?
demonstrated by new technologies so I all students have
traditional academic How to ditch the can model them to different
assessment. label gifted while my students (Prezi, expectations for
honouring the Easybib) them, how to assess
There is a problem opportunity to art
extend? How to confront
with the
some of the
identification How to differentiate challenges of IBL
paradigm of instruction with little
giftedness. experience with How to plan for
curriculum? differentiation
I subscribe to
How can I cultivate Offer opportunities
Gardners theory of for all students to be
gifted behavior?
Multiple successful
Intelligences, and I How can I move
believe it can have beyond acceleration How to keep
as a means for students on task in a
great positive
enhanced gifted meaningful way
influences on
instruction? Schedule time for
students sense of
self worth. What can advanced working on projects
differentiation look also offer it as an
Students may not like in my class? (i.e extension activity
benefit from Rosemary) when students are
minimally guided finished assigned
THE GENIUS PROJECT 16
I do not have to
reinvent the wheel
anymore: To be a
good teacher, you
need to make good
use of your time, use
resources if they are
available.
THE GENIUS PROJECT 17
What Curriculum Will Be Addressed? How Are You Monitoring Student Progress?
o Elaborations: developing of
paragraphs that have a topic
sentence and supporting details
o Elaborations: parts of speech; past,
present, and future tenses; and
subject-verb agreement
o Elaborations: common practices in
punctuation (e.g., the comma in
lists, quotation marks for dialogue,
the apostrophe in contractions); in
THE GENIUS PROJECT 19
Subject: Art Education
What Curriculum Will Be Addressed? How Are You Monitoring Student Progress?
understanding?
What is the best way to encapsulate your genius?
What would your genius think of your art?
Concepts: elements of art and design
Subject: Career Education
What Curriculum Will Be Addressed? How Are You Monitoring Student Progress?
o Elaborations: achieved by
exploring self-identity,
acknowledging cultural
differences, honouring
indigenous traditions, etc.
Teacher Shared Reflection (After the unit discussion)
How Did it Go? Where To Next?
Assess the outcome of the unit by providing evidence Notes, plans and ideas for next time
of student understanding of the big idea (action in or
outside the classroom)
Resources
https://curriculum.gov.bc.ca/sites/curriculum.gov.bc.ca/files/pdf/CommunicationCompetencyProfiles.pdf
https://curriculum.gov.bc.ca/sites/curriculum.gov.bc.ca/files/pdf/CreativeThinkingCompetencyProfiles.pdf
https://curriculum.gov.bc.ca/sites/curriculum.gov.bc.ca/files/pdf/CriticalThinkingCompetencyProfiles.pdf
https://curriculum.gov.bc.ca/sites/curriculum.gov.bc.ca/files/pdf/PPCICompetencyProfiles.pdf
https://curriculum.gov.bc.ca/sites/curriculum.gov.bc.ca/files/pdf/PersonalAwarenessResponsibilityCompetencyPro
files.pdf
https://curriculum.gov.bc.ca/sites/curriculum.gov.bc.ca/files/pdf/SocialResponsibilityCompetencyProfiles.pdf
http://www.discoveryeducation.com/teachers/free-lesson-plans/multiple-intelligences.cfm
http://www.scholastic.com/teachers/article/clip-save-checklist-learning-activities-connect-multiple-intelligences
https://printables.scholastic.com/shop/prcontent/Multiple-Intellgence-Questionnaire/9780439590204-001
http://www.mysuperbrain.com/panorama MI online challenge
The Epic I Chart