6/26/2016 TimingDiagram8085MicroprocessorCourse

Home Laboratories Quizzes Sitemap ContactUs

YouAreHere:HomeEmbeddedLab8085MicroprocessorTimingDiagrams

ArticlesaddedinMathematicsLab|CyberLabisnowopen|AstronomyLabisnowopen|VLSILabisnowo

TimingDiagramsof8085
Itisoneofthebestwaytounderstandtoprocessofmicroprocessor/controller.Withthehelpoftiming
diagramwecanunderstandtheworkingofanysystem,stepbystepworkingofeachinstructionandits
execution,etc.

Itisthegraphicalrepresentationofprocessinstepswithrespecttotime.Thetimingdiagramrepresents
theclockcycleandduration,delay,contentofaddressbusanddatabus,typeofoperationie.
Read/write/statussignals.

Importanttermsrelatedtotimingdiagrams:

1.Instructioncycle:thistermisdefinedasthenumberofstepsrequiredbythecputocompletethe
entireprocessie.Fetchingandexecutionofoneinstruction.Thefetchandexecutecyclesarecarried
outinsynchronizationwiththeclock.

2.Machinecycle:Itisthetimerequiredbythemicroprocessortocompletetheoperationof
accessingthememorydevicesorI/Odevices.Inmachinecyclevariousoperationslikeopcodefetch,
memoryread,memorywrite,I/Oread,I/Owriteareperformed.

3.Tstate:EachclockcycleiscalledasTstates.

Rulestoidentifynumberofmachinecyclesinaninstruction:
1.Ifanaddressingmodeisdirect,immediateorimplicitthenNo.ofmachinecycles=No.ofbytes.

2.IftheaddressingmodeisindirectthenNo.ofmachinecycles=No.ofbytes+1.Add+1totheNo.of
machinecyclesifitismemoryread/writeoperation.

3.Iftheoperandis8bitor16bitaddressthen,No.ofmachinecycles=No.ofbytes+1.

4.Theserulesareapplicableto80%oftheinstructionsof8085.

TimingDiagram:

Where,Instructioncycle=FetchCycle(FC)+Executecycle(EC). Tweetsby@z_series

Opcodefetch:
Themicroprocessorrequiresinstructionstoperformanyparticularaction.Inordertoperformthese
actionsmicroprocessorutilizesOpcodewhichisapartofaninstructionwhichprovidesdetail(ie.Which
operationpneedstoperform)tomicroprocessor.

http://www.zseries.in/embedded%20lab/8085%20microprocessor/timing%20diagram.php 1/5
6/26/2016 TimingDiagram8085MicroprocessorCourse

Fig:Opcodefetchtimingdiagram

Operation:
DuringT1state,microprocessorusesIO/M(bar),S0,S1signalsareusedtoinstructmicroprocessorto
fetchopcode.

ThuswhenIO/M(bar)=0,S0=S1=1,itindicatesopcodefetchoperation.

Duringthisoperation8085transmits16bitaddressandalsousesALEsignalforaddresslatching.

AtT2statemicroprocessorusesreadsignalandmakedatareadyfromthatmemorylocationtoread
opcodefrommemoryandatthesametimeprogramcounterincrementsby1andpointsnextinstructionto
befetched.

InthisstatemicroprocessoralsochecksREADYinputsignal,ifthispinisatlowlogiclevelie.'0'then
microprocessoraddswaitstateimmediatelybetweenT2andT3.

AtT3,microprocessorreadsopcodeandstoreitintoinstructionregistertodecodeitfurther.

DuringT4microprocessorperformsinternaloperationlikedecodingopcodeandprovidingnecessary
actions.

TheopcodeisdecodedtoknowwhetherT5orT6statesarerequired,iftheyarenotrequiredthenp
performsnextoperation.

ReadandwritetimingdiagramformemoryandI/OOperation

MemoryRead:

<>Figure:Memoryreadtimingdiagram

http://www.zseries.in/embedded%20lab/8085%20microprocessor/timing%20diagram.php 2/5
6/26/2016 TimingDiagram8085MicroprocessorCourse
Operation:
Itisusedtofetchonebytefromthememory.

Itrequires3TStates.

Itcanbeusedtofetchoperandordatafromthememory.

DuringT1,A8A15containshigherbyteofaddress.AtthesametimeALEishigh.ThereforeLowerbyte
ofaddressA0A7isselectedfromAD0AD7.

Sinceitismemoryreadyoperation,IO/M(bar)goeslow.

DuringT2ALEgoeslow,RD(bar)goeslow.AddressisremovedfromAD0AD7anddataD0D7appears
onAD0AD7.

DuringT3,DataremainsonAD0AD7tillRD(bar)isatlowsignal.

MemoryWrite:

Figure:Memorywritetimingdiagram

Operation:
Itisusedtosendonebyteintomemory.

Itrequires3TStates.

DuringT1,ALEishighandcontainsloweraddressA0A7fromAD0AD7.

A8A15containshigherbyteofaddress.

Asitismemoryoperation,IO/M(bar)goeslow.

DuringT2,ALEgoeslow,WR(bar)goeslowandAddressisremovedfromAD0AD7andthendata
appearsonAD0AD7.

DataremainsonAD0AD7tillWR(bar)islow.

IORead:

http://www.zseries.in/embedded%20lab/8085%20microprocessor/timing%20diagram.php 3/5
6/26/2016 TimingDiagram8085MicroprocessorCourse

Figure:I/Oreadtimingdiagram

Operation:

ItisusedtofetchonebytefromanIOport.

Itrequires3TStates.

DuringT1,TheLowerByteofIOaddressisduplicatedintohigherorderaddressbusA8A15.

ALEishighandAD0AD7containsaddressofIOdevice.

IO/M(bar)goeshighasitisanIOoperation.

DuringT2,ALEgoeslow,RD(bar)goeslowanddataappearsonAD0AD7asinputfromIOdevice.

DuringT3DataremainsonAD0AD7tillRD(bar)islow.

IOWrite:

Figure:I/Owritetimingdiagram

Operation:
ItisusedtowritonebyteintoIOdevice.

Itrequires3TStates.

http://www.zseries.in/embedded%20lab/8085%20microprocessor/timing%20diagram.php 4/5
6/26/2016 TimingDiagram8085MicroprocessorCourse
DuringT1,thelowerbyteofaddressisduplicatedintohigherorderaddressbusA8A15.

ALEishighandA0A7addressisselectedfromAD0AD7.

AsitisanIOoperationIO/M(bar)goeslow.

DuringT2,ALEgoeslow,WR(bar)goeslowanddataappearsonAD0AD7towritedataintoIOdevice.

DuringT3,DataremainsonAD0AD7tillWR(bar)islow.

Comments

signin

Leaveyourcomment...

Newest Share Subscribe RSS

Bethefirsttocomment.

CACKLEcommentsystem

AboutUs! OurWorks! JoinUs

'ZSeriesInnovations'isanelearning Doyoufeellikecontributingtothis
solutionforlearningalltechnicalstuff
Z Series Innovations Trailer [Of... websitetechnically?Jumpin!

online.Itisanonlineportalthatgivesan Yourtechnicalexpertisewouldbe
enhancedwayoflearningandguidancein neededtocreatequalityarticlesand
contentonthissiteandhence
variousfieldsofengineeringwhichincluderobotics, contributetothisgrowingglobal
electronics,communication,computerscience, communityoftechnicalenthusiast.
embeddedsystemsanditsreallifeapplications.
Createqualitycontentandget
recognized!

ZSeriesInnovations20112015

http://www.zseries.in/embedded%20lab/8085%20microprocessor/timing%20diagram.php 5/5