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:  

Block Valve
Control Valve
On-Off Valve
Safety
Safety   On-Off Valve  Valve
Control Valve   Block Valve
:  

 Valve

         
 ! "#  "$% & &
$ ' (% :   

 - % / )% /% ' 0 1$ 2 % .)*  %+ ) ,$% ) % ' ) ! $

: )*

! $ 5  6) 7  89+ -3

Throttling  ! $ ! # %< = -;

! $ "? "# ! ->

%  A$ "$)  B   AC -@

? /% E   E%F% - G0 ) A$ H I  ! $ 


J -D

C ) 6 .0)  - % % K 2 L  '  %) )# M C /% N) / N 0(%

:) N A< / OP % (% Q%F#% 6%  M *

- Body
Actuator
- Bonnet
- Trim (Disk, Seat, Stem, internal elements)
Packing
- Actuator Bonnet
Stem
- Packing
Body

Disk

Seat

 
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Page 2 of 22

 R

H I  (% I%) ! $ HI /%  "$% 2+ (%  S   (% $B   : Body

.S   (% Q%F#% < %G  ) N*


# 6T

/%   "$% 2+ )


$ N% .)S    (%  /  "2+ UB$ : Bonnet

.  N*
# 6T H I  (% I%) ! $ HI

.S   Disk, Seat, Stem & Sleeves  S  S    (%


I%) Q%F#% : Trim

 "2+ % .)*  - % (% 6S   /  2 6T 1$  "%


$ : Actuator

. 2 &(0   N)  OP  1$  $) OP %

Bonnet  Stem  N V /% (% I%) ! $  /% N*


# "# "$%
 : Packing

.S   
, W2X "2+ % Y# .(%

:(% M%%

1- Gate 7-Diaphragm
2- Globe 8- Pinch
3- Plug 9- Check
4- Ball 10-Safety/Relief
5-Needle 11-Reducing
6- Butterfly

 
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Page 3 of 22
Z 
:  

Gate Valve:

Stem Hand wheel

Packing

Bonnet

Disk Seat
  N%   9I ?  "$% N(%

) ,$% ) ! $ 6 #    6) /  

/  [\   X+ (% %   "% .)*  %+

&) &S ( ]20  S   FL  )

! $ 5 /% \
[   6)  - G0 ) 6T

"# 6% 2 (% % /% .  N*


#

.) ) ,$% ! $ 6) Throttle  AC

 
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Page 4 of 22

 ^_

Globe Valve:

Hand wheel
Stem

Packing
Bonnet

Disk

Seat
Z-type
/   N%   9I ?  "$% N(%

 %+ ) ,$% ) ! $ N


 AC   6)

gate   < ) N2  N%%) (% % .)*

6T    "% (% % ` X /% .S   valve

) [ 0 * )I %  S   G) N 0(%  "5

"  /%  seat *)I `# ) / N 0  "%

&S Z M $ N%%) (% N% .S   6% packing

.S   N% %/  &S Y

 
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Page 5 of 22
^a 
:  

Angle Valve
Y-type

 
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Page 6 of 22

 ^b

Ball Valve :

"#   %) ?  "$% N(%

! $ "?  8$ 6) /   

6) N ( .)*  %+ ) ,$% )

S  /  \
[   (%   G0 (% ')

) % ! $ "? % )   "% G]0

"# 6%  (% % /% ]20 . 2

 6%  ( % G) N %F /% .) ) ,$% (Globe Valve "+)   ( )! $ 
 AC

- G0 ) 6T 8$ EIL  N &e  S% H ?%  (   N fT 2 O%2X

.)  S% 6)   / 

 
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Page 7 of 22
^g 
:  

Plug Valve :

  %) ?  "$% N(%

"?  8$ 6) /    "#

(% % .)*  %+ ) ,$% ) ! $

)%X  6S   /   N)% ) h%

 %+ ) ,$% ) )*  - % ) /


 AC "# 6% 2 (% % /% .)*

% 6T ') &S ()  .) ) ,$%

.)%) N) / )   )%) %+ ) ,$% ) Multiport OP 6%  % (% M

 
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Page 8 of 22

 ^

Diaphragm Valve :

Straight Through Diaphragm Valve

Weir Diaphragm Valve


) ,$% ) ! $ N
 AC   6) /   N%   9I ?  "$% N(%

2*% ) N 0S .))*  ) ,$% i


 "#  6T Weir-Type M /% .)*  %+

(% /% N5 ! $  5  N)%   %)% OW $  Slurry I OW $ "# 

.S   '$W Y# /%  0(% /% G% A*% ) .)*  %+ ) ,$% ) )S )(T

 
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Page 9 of 22
^^ 
:  

Butterfly Valve :

  "#   %) ?  "$% N(%

) ! $ (j+) 6%])N


 AC   6) / 

 #) kl EIL ( .)*  %+ ) ,$%

/  "( ?   "( ? /% % (% % 6%  " 

0(% G) M%%  "5 (% % "F .) 5

O%2X ) "($  ) ,$% ) N V 6/ )

% /% ) ,$% mF 0F $ ) &n S   6T

/% ) ,$% .S  
2   7  6< (%

) ,$% .S   Slurry N 0 6 #  A N 0  ) 8   / * ! <% o9I N  (% %

.)S 2 7  ()  W  N 0  ) (% % /%

 
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Page 10 of 22

 ^p

Needle Valve:
  OP ! $ N
 !  X+% ) /$ (%

q PJ /% .))*  ) ,$% S  /  ) j+)

stem N % ) 
  '  &S /$ "2+ (% %

 Y,% I%) ) 6/$ % "?  .S   6T

6 # 5  % ) S ) % r9$ seat  o

! $ N
  )     E0    E%F%

.))*  !

Check Valve

Piston Type

Lift check valves(Ball)


Lift check valves(Disk)

 
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Page 11 of 22
^ 
:  

Swing check valve

Butterfly check valves

Tilting disk check valve


Stop check valve
'  (% Globe ' /% 5 (% %
 N)% ) .S 5 Lift check valve
(%   S      s0
 ) \ [   %T  $ disk  stem
' 6%X 6T 6)%) %+ s0 *% .)/ $
(% $) 6) /   S  & S
) % disk  *
7  disk /% stem
. "? stem  seat  N V

 
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Page 12 of 22

 ^R

 (( o9I ) 6T
7%   "5 ! $ "* /% N*
# "# & N 0S

T
7% M%% /% .*  %+ ) ,$% ) 0$t2  0 u2B 5+ /% %F #I

9& N 0S .)  S% Swing, Lift, Piston,Tilting-disk,Butterfly,Stop  6% 

   ! $ 6 # N)2 "( ? ) `P O7 ) .*  %+ <% o9I ) W[ 7%

M /%     6 #  B  W  /% N)2 "( ? ) ! $ &7 ) )S  W  "2$

.() ) ,$% Butterfly  B

 
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Page 13 of 22
^Z 
:  

Gate Valve Globe Valve

 
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Page 14 of 22

 p_

On-Off Valve

Butterfly on-off valve Ball on-off valve

.)S  ) ,$% 0(% on-off /% S  6 #  8$    6) /  s0   G0

%  0(% on-off ]20 .)*  O7 DCS A$ 1$ ! K % /%   %

) (% Butterfly  (% Ball .S    /  Logic v I 1%S "w  ' % OP

/ ' % 6)   /  N% F Slide M /% .S   0(% G% /%
7% M

 6B  
$ A$ ' 1$ (% EIL N .)S  ) ,$%  # N ? N 0
$

0(% % 6B  


$ A$ .)S    '(0 [ 0 *   %0   /% ) ,$% 

(Fail /    (Fail Close)  ' % 9 j+) %F% N%0 89+   )S  ?%n G

.S Open)

 
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Mechanical Engineer (Piping)
Page 15 of 22
pa 
:  

Control Valve
) .))*  ) ,$% (% ! /% S  ...  r9$  )   
 ' % ! s0 +

/% ) ,$%   %B% 1$ &T N #  ! $ 6 # AC  Throttling 2 0(% %

.)xB  - % Actuator /% ) ,$%   ! A$ 1$ )* - % Hand Wheel

 f J% Globe M /%  0(% ! S   6 # j+) ! s0 &T (

.))*  ) ,$% v I )% ) F Butterfly  Needle   0(% G) M%% /% .S

:"$% S & /


7% Q%F#% /% (% ! '

! G$ * 6T ,y  )S  ,* I to P [ ?\97%  : I/P Positioner -3

  0.2~1barg W[ 7% ) "$% N   6T 5  ! K % /% 4~20mA

%+ (0~100%  )/  ) "X+ ) % (% Actuator  ! 2 %   ( 0.4~2barg

.)*

  /  z  ? -/W N     "$% +   &(0 N) 


$ ' : Actuator -;

 (% 6S  z    ! 2 %) Direct-Acting OP % 


$ % .))*  (% S

( Fail close ))*  (% 6S /  z    ! 2 %) Reverse-Acting   ( Fail open ))*

.))* ?%n

.S   $) N 0(%   [ 5<  S   (%


7%  : Valve Body ->

.0)  6  % (% ! {


J N 2+ @-@  3-@ N 
&S

 
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Page 16 of 22

 pb

Sliding Stem  (% ! '


7% Q%F#% : a- &S

 
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Page 17 of 22
pg 
:  

Reverse-Acting "( ?  N)  M /% Actuator : b- &S

Globe M /% (% ! '  : g- &S

 
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Page 18 of 22

 p

I/P Positioner Type 3767 Samsom Co. : - &S

 
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Page 19 of 22
p^ 
:  

Characteristics Control Valve Flow     

PJ % .S   6T 6)   /  6%F  (% /% N5 N


  "% 9% (% ! N
 PJ

6  D-@ &S )  S  Equal percentage, Linear, Quick opening M $ /% &  % 

."$% S )%)

(% ! N
 PJ : ^- &S

 # (% % .  5 6T /% 


 /% N) / %< (% ! (% 6) /   :Quick opening -

Safety   S  (% 6S /  (% O Cw( ) 


 /% N) / %< 6) H I s0  )S  ) ,$%

. 0 Valve

"%   # ) .S   6T S   /  6%F  `$  9I 9 (% /% N5 N


 : Linear -
.)S  ) ,$% M % /% S  " | (% $ )  

%;l ? ) (% %Dl 6) /   &n S 5 A (% 6) /   %% ) N5 N
 %< :EQ% -

.   E%F% (% /% 5 N


 "  %Dl /% % (%  6) /   .  5 6T /% 
 h%?

) S  8$ 
 ! ~   ) = (% $ )   "%  ))*  ) ,$%  # ) M %

) ,$% (% M % /%    ! "( ? ) .(S  9 ) / ~  A0  A ~ ) A0 
 !

.))* 

 
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Page 20 of 22

 pp

%+ ) ,$% ) 


  r9$ ! ) (% ! N
 PJ f J% "# 20% ' N%X / !%#

.G
Liquid Level Systems
Best Inherent
Control Valve Pressure Drop Characteristic
Constant P Linear
Decreasing P with Increasing Load, P at Maximum Load > 20%
of Minimum Load P Linear

Decreasing P with Increasing Load, P at Maximum Load < 20%


of Minimum Load P Equal Percentage

Increasing P with Increasing Load, P at Maximum Load < 200%


of Minimum Load P Linear

Increasing P with Increasing Load, P at Maximum Load > 200%


of Minimum Load P Quick Opening

Flow Control Processes


LOCATION OF BEST INHERENT CHARACTERISTIC
FLOW MEASURE CONTROL VALVE IN
Small Range of Flow but
MENT SIGNAL TO RELATION TO Wide Range of Large P Change at Valve
CONTROLLER MEASURING Flow Set Point with Increasing Load
ELEMENT
Proportional To In Series Linear Equal Percentage
Flow In Bypass(1) Linear Equal Percentage
In Series Linear Equal Percentage
Proportional To
Flow Squared In Bypass(1) Equal Equal Percentage
Percentage
1. When control valve closes, flow rate increases in measuring element.

Valve sizing coefficient (Cv)


 5 (% I%) /%   "% 1psi Q%/%   60 oF N ) ) fT U.S gallons/min %< : Cv

.

O X  N% (% /% N5 6 # 5$ w

Eng. Unit
'P
Q yCv
S
Q[ ] gpm , 'P[ ] psi , S : Specific Gravity , y 0 ~ 1(opening fraction)
SI Unit
'P
Q yK v
S
m3
Q[ ] , 'P[ ]bar , S : Specific Gravity , y 0 ~ 1(opening fraction)
h

Kv 0.865Cv

 
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Page 21 of 22
p 
:  

10000 kg/h %< /  50% "( ? ) %  N(% ! Cv %< 5$ w : ! h

  s\I% Q%/%  % 500 kg/m3 %)  40 barg    30 oC ) ) 8  


BB

.0) 5 2 bar

: ?

10000
Q 500
Kv 20
'P 2
y 0.5 u
S 0.5
Kv
Cv 23.12
0.865

/% N5 N
 (% $ )   "% E%F%   0)  6  (% ! ) 
 5$ w 9%

"%  S   %+ +  `$  % ( .(S  " | y &7 ) )    E%F% (%

.S  $ )I h%? 6%F   

Choking
Q

'Pmax 'P

% .%  K ,% Choking B 8  6S  J |% ) OP% ) )S 'P t 'Pmax *%

.))*  (%  /% z   ) ) / N%7  %20 B

.)S  5$ w / 9% 1$ O X  )   "% h%?

 
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Page 22 of 22

 pR

'Pmax FL2 P1  FF Pv
Pv
FF 0.96  0.28
Pc
FL : Rated liquid pressure recovery,dimensionless # 0.8 ~ 0.93 for globe valve
Pv : Vapor pressure absolute of liquid at inlet temperature
Pc : Absolute thermodynamic critical pressure

:  "$% %   "% h%? %< K ! h )

Pv 13.26 bara
Pc 46.12 bara
13.26
FF 0.96  0.28 0.81
46.12
'Pmax 0.92 41  0.81 u 13.26 24.5 bar

 
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Mechanical Engineer (Piping)

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