Recognition and

Release of Increased sensitivity

Prevention by phagocytosis by
Trauma prostaglandin to pain Redness
anatomical barriers resident neutrophils

Release of
Damage to Bacterial/parasitic Activation of Stimulation of mast histamine from Increased blood
Vasodilation Heat
parenchymal cells infiltration bradykinin cells intracellular flow
granules

Recognition and
Release of cytokines
phagocytosis by Influx of more Increased vascular NK-cell lyses
& chemotactic Oedema
resident phagocytic cells permeability infected cell
factors
macrophages

Binds to
Exudation of C5b-C9 Membrane
Increased complementary TCR
Processing of complement system attack complex Maturation of
phagocytosis of (also CD8
pathogenic antigens (proteins: C1-9) (destruction of cytotoxic T-cells
pathogens coreceptor of
alternative pathway bacteria)
cytotoxic T cell)

Presentation of +- Processing and

C5a complement Degradation of viral Synthesis and
antigens MHC class C3b complement presentation of viral
protein mRNA, prevention release of
2 (macrophages and protein (opsonin) proteins with MHC
(chemotactic factor) of viral replication Interferon
dendritic cells) class 1
Basic Immunology

Binds to
Activation of
complementary TCR Viral replication &
B-cell receptor Differentiation of B- complement
(also CD4 T-independant Division of B-Cells production of
binds to antigen Cells proteins etc
coreceptor of T- proteins
classical pathway
helper cell) Agglutination/
Overview:

precipitation of
T-dependant pathogen

Antigen-MHC class 2 Production of

Cytokines released Infiltration of virus
complex is Memory Cells Plasma Cells specific antibodies
(autocrine) into cell
displayed (IgM then IgG)

Destruction by NK-
cell (cell mediated
TCR binds to immunity: perforin)
displayed antigen
Proliferation of T- (also CD4 T-Helper cell B-Cell division & Inactivation of Viral infection
Helper cell coreceptor of T- releases cytokines differentiation toxin/free-virus
Helper cell) on B-
cell