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STATICS: CE201
Chapter 10
Moments of Inertia
Notes are prepared based on: Engineering Mechanics, Statics by R. C. Hibbeler, 12E Pearson
Chapter Objective:
Contents:
10.1 Definition of Moment of Inertia for Areas
10.2 Parallel-Axis Theorem for an Area
10.3 Radius of Gyration of an Area
10.4 Moments of Inertia for Composite Areas
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For the given vertical loading F on the beam, which shape will
develop less internal stress and deflection? Why?
The answer depends on a property called Moment of Inertia (MoI)
of the beam about the x-axis. It turns out that Section (A) has the
highest MoI because most of the area is farthest from the x axis.
Hence, it has the least stress and deflection: ( = M.y/I); as I (MoI)
increases, (stress) decreases and deflection decreases also.
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I x y 2 dA I y x 2 dA
A A
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The MoI for an area about any axis parallel to the Centroid axis is
equal to its MoI about an axis passing through the areas Centroid
plus the product of the area and the square of the perpendicular
distance between the axes.
I x I x Ad y2
I y I y Ad x2
J O J C Ad 2
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Example 1
Determine the moment of inertia for the rectangle area
shown in the figure with respect to:
(a) The Centroid x axis.
(b) The axis xb passing through
the base of the rectangle.
(c) The pole or z axis perpendicular
to the x- y plan and passing
through the Centroid C.
Solution 1
(a) MoI about x axis: Integration from y=- h/2 to y= h/2
h2 h2
y bdy b
1 3
I x y 2 dA 2
y
2
dy bh
A
h 2 h 2
12
J C I x I y
1
12
bh h 2 b 2
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Example 2
Determine the moment of inertia for the shaded area shown
in the figure about the x axis.
Solution 2
A differential element dA parallel to the x axis is chosen for
integration:
dA 100 x dy
200mm 200m
y2
I x y 2 dA y 100 x dy y 2 100 dy
2
A 0 0 400
200mm
y
4
0
100y 2
400
dy 107.10 6 mm 4
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Example 3
Determine the moment of inertia of the area shown in the
figure about the x axis.
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Solution 3
Composite Parts:
1. Divide the given area into its simpler shaped parts.
2. Locate the Centroid of each part and indicate the perpendicular
distance from each Centroid to the desired reference axis.
Solution 3
Parallel-Axis Theorem:
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(a) Circle: I I Ad 25 25 75 11.410 mm
x x y
2 4 2 2 6 4
4
(b) Rectangle: I x I x Ad y2 1 1001503 100150752 112.510 6 mm 4
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