Year 10 Science review questions

Q2. A sonar signal takes 0.6sec to return to the sender who is in a boat in waters that are 400meters
deep.

(i)Find the speed of sound in water.

(ii) If the sonar wave had a wavelength of 10cm, find its pitch.

Q3.

(a)Construct a sentence that uses the words loudness and pitch correctly.

(b) Construct another sentence that uses the words amplitude and frequency correctly

(c ) Construct a sentence that uses the word period correctly.

(d) Construct a sentence that uses the word wavelength and velocity correctly.

(e) Construct a diagram that shows the disturbances in a vibrating body of air and label compressions,
rarefactions and the wavelength that is representative of these features.

Q5. A string which is 0.45m long is vibrating in the fundamental mode (first harmonic). The speed of
the wave has been found to be 45m/s.

(a) ....................................................................What is the frequency of the vibration causing the wave?

(b) .......................................................................................What is the frequency of the third harmonic?

(c) .............................................Draw a diagram showing the string vibrating with the fourth harmonic.

(d) ................................................What is the frequency of the note if the length of the string is halved?

Q6. A guitar string vibrates with a frequency of 384 Hz. Find the wavelength of the wave in air.
(velocity sound =340m/s).

Q8. (a)A singer holds(maintains) a high C (f = 1024Hz) for 15 seconds. How many sound waves
are produced in that time?

Q9.Two violins play the same fundamental note A (f = 440Hz). One unfortunately sounds very cheap,
and the other is very pleasing, and could be described as harmonious to the ear.
A spectrum analyzer is used to examine the wave produced by both instruments. A very different
picture is found for the two instruments.

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Describe why the two instruments sound different and how this difference may appear on the spectrum
analyser. Give samples of what you would expect to see on the frequency analysis for each.

Q10. Helen observes that an overhead helicopter is just the right sound to rattle the windows in her
home.
(i)What is the name for this phenomenon?
(ii) Given that the fundmental frequency of this overhead racket is 35 Hz, what other frequencies would
theoretically cause the windows to rattle in Helens house.

Q11. Explain why wind instruments that do not have any valves or closeable holes are limited to only
playing notes that are harmonics of each other.

Q12. Explain the subtle difference between harmonics and overtones.

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