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(from Greek, by
way of Latin,
philosophia,
love of
wisdom) the
rational,
abstract, and
methodical
consideration of
reality as a
whole or of
fundamental
dimensions of
human
existence and experience.
Speculative Philosophy
Ethics is also called moral philosophy, the discipline concerned with what is morally good
and bad, right and wrong.
Logic is the study of correct reasoning, especially as it involves the drawing of inferences.
Metaphysics is the fundamental issues on reality.\
Anthropology is the discipline within philosophy that seeks to unify the several empirical
investigations of human nature in an effort to understand individuals as both creatures of
their environment and creators of their own values.
Rational Philosophy is a form of philosophy which emphasizes the role of significance of
reason.
Theodicy is the reasonable justification of the nature, structure and goal of evil in an order of
things considered to be created by God.
Cosmology is a discipline directed to the philosophical contemplation of the universe as a
totality.
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Practical Philosophy
Ideology is a form of social or political philosophy in which practical elements are as prominent as
theoretical ones.
HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY
Pre-Socratic Philosophy
Western Philosophy by which we usually mean everything apart from the Eastern Philosophy of
China, India, Japan, Persia, etc. Began in Ancient Greece in about the 6th Century B.C.
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Thales of
Miletus
Universe
composed of:
infinite or boundless
Fire (Anaximander)
(Heraclitus)
Materialists believed that all things are composed of material and nothing else.
Monism was mainly concerned with trying to establish the single underlying substance the world is
made up of.
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CLASSICAL PHILOSOPHY
SOCRATES
SOCRATIC METHOD
PLATO
ARISTOTLE
Eudaimonism
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ANCIENT PHILOSOPHICAL SCHOOLS
Protagoras
SOPHISM
Gorgias
CYNICISM Diogenes
SKEPTICISM Prryho
EPICUREANISM Epicurus
HEDONISM
Epictetus
Marcus Aurelius
NEO-PLATONISM Plotinus