707 Imported Chinese
Timeline of Paper
and Papermaking
3000 BC Egyptians
mastered the art of
creating papyrus paper.
2450 BC Oldest
surviving record of
animal skins being
processed into parchment.
2200 BC Oldest
surviving record of
Egyptian papyrus.
200 BC First parchment
manufacture appeared in
Ancient China, more
precisely in Pergamon
(Asia Minor).
150 BC First organized 969 First appearance of
production of paper
started in China. It was
made from macerated hemp
fibers, old fishnets,
plant bark and water.
149 BC First dictionary
produced in China by Hu
Shin. It contained around
10 thousand characters.
105 AD First written
record about process of
paper manufacture created
by Ts'ai Lun in China.
His guidelines continued
to be used for several
more centuries.
250 AD First book about
algebra written by
Diophantus of Alexandria.
500 Mayans used paper
created from tree barks.
610 Paper arrived and 1282 Watermarks started
started to be
manufactured in Japan.
paper started being used
in Mecca.
748 First printed
newspaper appeared in
Peking.
751 Arabs started
producing paper after
they learned its recipe
from Chinese prisoners.
868 One of the earliest
printed book was Diamond
Sutra by Wang Chieh. It
was a 16 feet long
scroll.
875 - Toilet paper used
in China.
800 Paper being used
and produced in Egypt.
playing paper cards in
China.
1035 First recorded
reference of paper
packaging found in the
diary of Persian traveler
Nasiri Khosrau. He
witnessed street food
sellers of Cairo packing
up their goods in paper.
1040 Chinese inventor
Bi Sheng created first
Movable type during the
Song Dynasty.
1109 Earliest European
paper manuscript deed
of King Roger written in
Arabic and Greek.
1151 Paper started
being manufactured in
Europe.
being used in Italy.
1450-55 Gutenberg
printed first bible with
 moveable type printing called, appropriately enough,
machine. beating. Inside a large tub, the
1495 First paper mill pulp is subjected to the effect
established in England. of machine beaters.
1549 Spanish burned
Mayan library of ancient
Pulp to paper
texts. 3 In order to finally turn the
1636 Blame for plague pulp into paper, the pulp is fed
landed on linen and or pumped into giant, automated
cotton rags that were machines. The paper then moves
imported by papermills. onto the press section of the
1690 First papermill machine, where it is pressed
established in USA. between rollers of wool felt.
1705 First American
The paper then passes over a
newspaper - Boston News
series of steam-heated cylinders
Letter.
to remove the remaining water. A
1798 Paper machine
created by inventor large machine may have from 40
N.L.Robert. to 70 drying cylinders.
1804 - First book printed Finishing
on machine-made paper. 4 Finally, the dried paper is
1806 - Fourdrinier wound onto large reels, where it
machine patented. will be further processed
1844 Paper started
depending on its ultimate use.
being made from grounded
Paper is smoothed and compacted
wood.
1854 Paper being made further by passing through metal
from cellulose fibres rollers called calendars. A
extracted from timber particular finish, whether soft
with caustic soda. and dull or hard and shiny, can
1863 First newspaper be imparted by the calendars
created from the ground
wood paper.
The Manufacturing
Process
Making pulp
1 Several processes are commonly
used to convert logs to wood
pulp. In the mechanical process,
logs are first tumbled in drums
to remove the bark.
Beating
2 The pulp is next put through a
pounding and squeezing process