GSM

GSM

M-BAGHERPOUR
 Signaling
( In GSM System)

M-BAGHERPOUR
 #7
GSM
GSM
$K11-K12# !"
%
GSM & & ' ()

M-BAGHERPOUR
 CONTENTS
Introduction
OSI Reference Model
Signaling NO.7
Signaling in GSM
The Abis Interface
The Air Interface
SCCP
The A Interface
TCAP & MAP
ISUP
Scenarios
M-BAGHERPOUR
 Introduction
Signaling

cleare *supervise )setup (% ! & ' !"

# $
./0 /+ !" # 12 - ' $- . $* + + , -$ (

+2
0 ( - '-6 $. % "
0$$4*5 +2
0 $ *$ # !3 ''
. % 7$$ 8 3

M-BAGHERPOUR
 Introduction
Implement and Evolution
!- . / 0% 1 , 2 ! . )3 4 5 ()3 % ,!) ) *+
CAS ,!) ITU 8. )3 :)- 6 7 8 ,! 9 2! () % &
< ;

Channel Associated Signaling : CAS

< > ? @A !1 = 7
, + F CCS !B C 3 )D ; = 7 ',0E"
< ,! 1 I D HG
< ,! LM B 1 ,! 0 K, > K HJ

M-BAGHERPOUR 9
 Introduction
Common Channel Signaling : CCS
B*% C"
D E -6/ D' ./0 ? %2
@A >3(' 7/07$$; <" = >3(
H
'/ 2 G 3C ?. % 5 F1
J! 3I' M 7$N
" * "$*5 A >L "
3JK>3I' JK>3I-$ ( ?
O A
K, Q QR *%# )J'/37 -P
U P CB $O" BT "$*5 A >L "
3' SL"
# *- ' K $ 5 F1 >L "3
+20$ +V * /! 3-$ SL "#
E % "W 5 F1 >L "3
-6 * R=> "(5 V 8 3* 4 7@3 % /
3MX 3M Y X ' Call Setup 5 V Q J 4
M 5 < O #5 V J 4
P20- *$ KC O L
"# Z2 ' 38/
//4JK[ * \ *(IN) / 0 K P2 0J' 7$ -P
U_ D >3IJ* >L"
38/ S /T P20' ]7$N" ' J ^V 4
.$0 7$N " a * R CCS7 ' 5 +20 $ (% *N" !3 ` * $ CCS
M-BAGHERPOUR . $0 = 0C7 *SS7 )CCS#7 V4' N
" V" ! 3 CCS7 :
 Introduction
SS7 / ccs N
R &! M PQ % !) % O F = )-+
M GTPU > ) S : % ( & ' () CCS D N
,! H? W: D? DVB N <CCITT NO6 9 ! > ) 2 :)- 7 DN
D1 !
M GTZQ > ITU Y SS7 K, ,!) &X
(YELLLOW Book) M GTZG > ', ,!) SS7 7 /
sccp D N ,GTZU RED BOOK ITU Y SS7 Update C 0E
ISUP ISDN-UPK 0!MODIFY TC D N -GTZT BLUE BOOK
tcap tc K 0!,modify GTT\ white book ,!) 7 [
<

M-BAGHERPOUR b
 Introduction
SS7 d e*

Set up and clear down a call Call forwarding

Provide Caller ID Security access calls (CUG)

Circuit continuity check Call holding

Notification to reset a faulty circuit Charging information

Indication of national, international or Indication that a called party line is

other subscriber free

Nature of circuit (satellite/terrestrial) Subscriber busy signal

M-BAGHERPOUR c
 OSI Reference model
Open System Interconnection : OSI
(% Z2 dV" SB -$$8 D%!4 +2
0dV" !"# ' /4)OSI >/ V
A 7/
.% 7/0$ )5 F1 >/*$ -$ 3 E*` * / E V ' /4C

M-BAGHERPOUR Y
 OSI Reference model
Layering in The OSI Reference Model

1- The Physical Layer

2- The Data link Layer
3- The Network Layer
4- The Transport Layer
5- The Session Layer
6- The Presentation Layer
7- The Application Layer

M-BAGHERPOUR
 OSI Reference model
DATA TRANSFER BETWEEN TWO NETWORKS

M-BAGHERPOUR
 Signaling NO.7
SS7 Protocols (Q.700 series)
Out-of-band ] !&
I D > ^)! & ! ); %K 0 7 C EM5 ', % > ^)!
A X A
K 05 " _ %I
,, % ` D ! ); &L N! ? _ %"
N : " EI (ISDN) > ) 2 % ', a 5
> )2 7(

M-BAGHERPOUR
 Signaling NO.7
SS7 Structure

M-BAGHERPOUR
 Signaling NO.7
SS7 Structure
H/3
$^ 4 'f 0 gR !h $ 5 F1 V
("# C $

Level 1 / Signsling Data Link Function

Level 2 / Signaling Link Function
Level 3 / Signaling Network Function
Level 4 / User Parts

.$0 "
N^UP 8 !h E *. /30 = 0UMessage Transfer Part TMTP 83 >* E
"

M-BAGHERPOUR
 Signaling NO.7

Message Transfer Part (MTP)

OSI >, ; (/
1 )- X "^)- ', % > ^)!
% 9 7 0 7 b0 > ^)!
- C 0E9 2!
? ,

User Part (UP)

& ', 1 ' () 1

M-BAGHERPOUR 9
 Signaling NO.7 MTP1
OSI >, Physical Layer ;
%I ) DC c3; ', 1 . N
E-1(32*64Kbps)
DS-1(24*64Kbps)
V35(64Kbps)
DS-0(64Kbps)
DS-0A(56Kbps)
> ^)! 6 ^!', % > c
e N d ! > )2 >,
MTP3
MTP3
M
MTP2
MTP2 T
P
MTP1
MTP1

M-BAGHERPOUR :
 Signaling NO.7 MTP2
OSI >, (Data Link) ' I ;
$Signaling Unit , # %9 & ' : D )[ . N
6 ^!7 % 9 7 b0 > ^)! 0f
[ g @c h 3;
%,a ! K 1 : -^ & " 5 %? ) C c %9 ? D
(SU) > ,a 9 ) i 1
> ,a % )! ,) D9 $QGGGGGGQ# ) Z I K _
, &> ,a K 1 0)
[ &
[ g @c
MTP3
MTP3 %I )!
M : j C 0E9 2!
MTP2
MTP2 T
P I % [ k ! + '&,!
MTP1
MTP1 <,! ', : 1 %I ,2 K 1 > ND
(Flow Control) % 9 > ^)! ,! > ) 1
(Sequence Validation) % 9 ? D B :j!> ) 1

M-BAGHERPOUR b
 Signaling NO.7
Signaling unit
I ? % FISU ) >
,! MSU LSSU ! & 8 !W PU
?D ? @A ', % = + ACK I K N FISU
LSSU MSU

? % I ? Nl C EM5 a
% I K 0!> ND
% I ? Nl
%I & I % K 1 > ND X
% I D ? Nl = +
I

'+ 7 MTP K 1 C EM5 > ^)!

> ,a ] !7 8> ^)! [ &

=& MTP2 Y ,c^ K, ? D &e

M-BAGHERPOUR c
 Signaling NO.7
$oQGGGGGGQn m [ ) # Flag (F)
> %,a & ,
I K > ND', %,!;!
I % & D E I ? Nl

Backward Sequence Number (BSN)

.% 7
/0%D $g@A R * R=-*/ I)> /B*C =6i 7 0
Backward Indicator Bit (BIB)
< ? [ ? 7 Y > ,a I ,2 >

Forward Sequence Number (FSN)

' () > p%,a :pj ? D ? 1 $GJP Q ' ,@ # > ,a )D m c)[ B '0
<

Forward Indicator Bit (FIB)

< + 9 2! ,2 > > 7 > ,a 1 , 1 h 3; ? 7

Length Indicator (LI)

FCS , D 7 )D + _ ) ,N
M-BAGHERPOUR LI Y
 Signaling NO.7
SIO
Sub-Service Indicator Service Indicator

Service Indicator Octet (SIO)

" ; &q 3 & MSU Y ^D

V ;
Service Indicator (SI)
. N $ID# MTP K 1
7 8 + SI , D ',
', ) MSU & ,c^
K 17 9 r& MTP3 Y
< ; ' () MTP

Sub-Service Indicator
,c^ 1 ? ', 1 h 3;
< K

M-BAGHERPOUR
 Signaling NO.7

Signaling Information Field (SIF)

MSU Y ^D
MTP % K 19
(Routing Label) - B -i
Destination point Code (DPC)
Origination point Code (OPC)
Signaling Link Selector (SLS)
I '0 K _ SLS & MTP2
V j0
7 I D K 1 > N)
Overload & & +
I D $Share# : -

M-BAGHERPOUR
 Signaling NO.7
Status Indicator (SI)
LSSU Y ^D
I ? Nl 6 C EM5 a
K ;! , 1 0! h 3; LSSU 9 !"
, ' () <<< SIO8 SIB8 SIOS E& I ? Nl

M-BAGHERPOUR
 Signaling NO.7
Error Detection and Error Correction
[ &
FCS , D 2 8> ,a ', % " ; %, D9 0 & '
FCS , D % ? 9 0 nGo = & 7 )D + j!
X^16+X^12+X^5+1 , 0 ,i D 7 )D + _ % ? ) : -^
: -^ 7 ',!0 _ @
> ,a FCS K K 1 ' [s : -^ ',!0 _ I "0 @
K & ' [s ,c^ MTP2 Y > ,a & FCS t 3)
FCS , D % ? 9 0 nGo = & 7 )D + j!
FCS @ u, )D + 9 2! @ C 0E
[ & $', ? D # ', ' [s FCS C @ & ', ? , v )! - ^

V ' () [ g @c = 8 [ & & e MTP2

Basic method
Preventive Cyclic Retransmision method
M-BAGHERPOUR
 Signaling NO.7
MTP3
MTP3
MTP3
M
MTP2
MTP2 T
P
MTP1
MTP1

OSI >, (Network) ;

MTP2 !> # - B -i ', ? D %9 - C 0E9 2!
$
6 + )a ,c^ ^! % 7 ', %9 " @ 0f
, ) ,! : ^)-
% %9 & ,
9 ? ,
? ,

M-BAGHERPOUR
 Signaling NO.7
SS7 Massage Management
MTP3 MTP3 MTP2
Users

Distribution
Distribution Discriminati
Discriminati
Function
Function on
on
SCC Function
Function
P
ISU
P
etc Routing
Routing
Function
Function 9 h 3;
r & ,a - ,a 9 > ^)! $DPC# ,c^ ,1

9 r&
9 ', 1 ? D MTP3 1 7 N SIO
-
9 > ^)! B I w 3)! DPC
SLS ', w 3)! I 6 C EM5 & ' [s
I D ,a & q q D& + E 02 : -^ C 0E 9 2!
? , q 3 ', C EM5 & ' () $Overload# & [

M-BAGHERPOUR 9
 Signaling NO.7
SS7 Network Management
V I D ? ,
I ) _K w N I 1 %I E 02 & , , I w N I I K 17 V - R
<, - 6 ,! ,,
K K, > ND I : & e I I D K,! + V ? ;+
- K, w N & e I D ? , q 3 %D I D & ' [s V 0@ ,2 -
- >, 4 5& ,, %I , , - I w 3)! % 9 > ^)! ', )D + j!
- 7 ) K 1 _ V ', > ) 1 ,2 -
I D > ^)! %I & ' V MTP ,2 ]
2 6 ^! % 0% ? - C 0E9 2! V ? , . _
I D q %1 j I D K > ) 1 C 0E9 2! V I D K > )1
I ? ,
% I K 1 > ND
w N % I K 1 > ND X
$B ErD # K, : & e w N % I ,2 K 1 > ND
- ? ,
STP 7 % 9 > ^)! 9,E 2 % ' + & STP I I ? , ? [ V > ^)! & +
STP 7 % 9 > ^)! 9,E 2 % STP& STP I I ? , ? [ V > ^)! K 1 ,@
7 F 9,^ %9 7 N 9,^ % 9 > ^)! 9,E 2 % STP & STP ? [ V > ^)! > ) 1
STP 7
M-BAGHERPOUR :
 Signaling NO.7
!0
Service Switching Point e OF ^!
SCP Signaling Transfer Point > ^)! ^!
SCP
SCP Service Control Point e > ) 1 ^!
SCP
(SP) 6 ^!
STP STP
$SL#(56Kbps or 64Kbps) %I
SSP
STP STP

SSP

SSP
SSP

SSP

STP

M-BAGHERPOUR SCP b
 Signaling NO.7
STP
j! ,c^ % 9 > ^)!
(STP) - >, +

M-BAGHERPOUR c
 Signaling NO.7
SS7 Network Management and Network Test

M-BAGHERPOUR Y
 Comparison of OSI and SS7 models
OSI Standard CCSS 7

Application
Layer
UPS
Presentation (TUP,DUP,)
Layer
Session Layer
Transport Layer

Network SCCP
Layer
MTP Layer 3 NSP
Data Link
Layer MTP Layer 2
Physical
Layer MTP Layer 1

M-BAGHERPOUR
 Signaling in GSM

M-BAGHERPOUR
 Signaling in GSM

A-Interface
MAP BSSAP Air-Interface
Abis-Interface
TCAP Q931 Q921
HLR Q931
SCCP SCCP LAPDm
LAPD
MTP MTP
VLR

E1/T1
MSC E1/T1
BSC BTS
E1/T1 Air
EIR

AC SS7
M-BAGHERPOUR
 Signaling in GSM
BSSOMAP
SCCP
BSS MTP

F EIR
A
MAP
BSSAP MSC TCAP
SCCP SCCP
MTP MTP
VLR

C
E

D
G HLR
MSC
AC
MAP
VLR TCAP
SCCP
MTP

M-BAGHERPOUR
Fig. 2 SCCP - Range of applications for a GSM-PLMN (TM3101EU01TM_0001 SCCP, 7)
 Signaling in GSM
GSM protocol layers for signaling

Um Abis A
MS BTS BSC MSC

CM
CM CM
MM
MM MM

BSSAP BSSAP
RR
RR RR
RR BTSM BTSM SS7 SS7
LAPD
LAPDmm LAPDm LAPD LAPD
radio
radio radio PCM PCM PCM PCM

M-BAGHERPOUR
 Abis-INTERFACE
Abis Interface

M-BAGHERPOUR
 Abis-INTERFACE

M-BAGHERPOUR
 Abis-INTERFACE

OSI Protocol Stack on The Abis-Interface

HIGHER
LAYER

LAYER3

LAYER2

LAYER1

M-BAGHERPOUR
 Abis-INTERFACE
LAPD : Layer2
Abis- # !" GSM ISDN-D-Channel
+ )* Link Access Protocol for D-Channel = LAPD $% & '(& Interface

LAPD Frame
Control Field Address Field & 23 1 . HDLC . -'/01LAPD , -. -
: ;LAPD 7 &8 9)/ +' 0 ,4523 #6/ Flag Field Checksum Field
+. 4& '/ /? @ &A 1B C/ @=> 8 < . '(

M-BAGHERPOUR
 Abis-INTERFACE
LAPD

M-BAGHERPOUR DE
 Abis-INTERFACE
LAPD

M-BAGHERPOUR D=
 Abis-INTERFACE
LAPD

M-BAGHERPOUR D>
 Abis-INTERFACE
=> 8 LAPD G F

M-BAGHERPOUR D
 Abis-INTERFACE
!' () * + $LAPD , *

! " # #$ %& !' () * + $LAPD

I-Frame (I-Frame)The Informtion Frame Group F

(S-Frame)The Supervisory Frame Group F
Reject REJ Receive not Ready RNR Receive Ready RR
The Unnumbered Frame Group F
Disconnected mode DM set-asynchronous-balance-mode-extended SABME
Unnumbered- UA Disconnect DISC Unnumbered Information UI
exchange-Identification XID Frame Reject FRMR Acknowledgment

M-BAGHERPOUR DD
 Abis-INTERFACE
LAPD 76 71
Flag
Frame Check Sequence = FCS
Address Field
Control Field
Information(optional)

M-BAGHERPOUR DH
 Abis-INTERFACE
LAPD
Address Field

M-BAGHERPOUR D
 Abis-INTERFACE
ADDRESS FIELD

$ EA,TEI,C/R,SAPI + -' . / 0 12 3 4 #( 5

M-BAGHERPOUR D
 Abis-INTERFACE
Control Field
6 789 * .' / 0 12 3 4 #( 5 4 ),
$ N(R) & N(S) Poling Bit (P-Bit),Final Bit (F-Bit), P/F Bit

M-BAGHERPOUR D
 Abis-INTERFACE
: 5 , *

I-Frame
CONTROL FIELD OF AN I-FRAME(MODUL128)

RR-Frame

CONTROL FIELD OF RR-FRAME(MODUL128)

M-BAGHERPOUR D
 Abis-INTERFACE

RNR-Frame

CONTROL FIELD OF RNR-FRAME(MODUL128)

REJ-Frame

CONTROL FIELD OF REJ-FRAME(MODUL128)

M-BAGHERPOUR HE
 Abis-INTERFACE

SABME-Frame
CONTROL FIELD OF SABME-FRAME(MODUL128)

DM-Frame
CONTROL FIELD OF DM-FRAME(MODUL128)

M-BAGHERPOUR H=
 Abis-INTERFACE

UI-Frame

CONTROL FIELD OF UI-FRAME(MODUL128)

DISC-Frame

CONTROL FIELD OF DISC-FRAME(MODUL128)

M-BAGHERPOUR H>
 Abis-INTERFACE

UA-Frame
CONTROL FIELD OF UA-FRAME(MODUL128)

FRMR-Frame

CONTROL FIELD OFFRMR-FRAME(MODUL128)

M-BAGHERPOUR H
 Abis-INTERFACE

XID-Frame

CONTROL FIELD OF XID-FRAME(MODUL128)

M-BAGHERPOUR HD
 Abis-INTERFACE
Layer3
+' 1 01 > L '1 UI I #60 -& LG IJK
Layer3 on RSL-
DCM,CCM,TRXM-

M-BAGHERPOUR HH
 The Air-Inerface
The Structure of the Air-interface in GSM
$ $ ) ; -' 3< Air-interfac
-' 6 =12 4 ,; ?BC $ '- ) A ( / - @ Air-interface > ? 6 =12
! DE @

M-BAGHERPOUR H
 The Air-Inerface
GSM -' AIR-INTERFACE -)F

M-BAGHERPOUR H
 The Air-Inerface
!-, , G$#) '

M-BAGHERPOUR H
 The Air-Inerface
UPLINK ,DOWNLINK ?,;

Time Alighnment F
TA = Timing Advance F
INTERLEAVING F

M-BAGHERPOUR H
 The Air-Inerface
AIR-INTERFACE -' K / *
' #)(" > ? E / A 6 8 ; #$ Physical Channel

' " - I > ? E / -' 789 * #H #>G #$#) $ Logical channel

' " > JG E /
#) ' ' #$ JG K/ M
Control Channel a
Traffic channel b

M-BAGHERPOUR E
 The Air-Inerface

M-BAGHERPOUR =
 The Air-Inerface
K /L /

M-BAGHERPOUR >
 The Air-Inerface
Signaling on The Air-Interface
Air-interface $! #G $.M- GN LAPD & ! modified .M- LAPDm
'- >G K6 < = F O$G ' P $#@ @

Link Access Protocol for D-channel-modified:LAPDm

# -' LAPDm
N201 OCTET

Fill octets Frame lengh Control field Address field A-Format

N201-X OCTET 0X OCTET(X<N201)

Fill octets Signaling data Frame lengh Control field Address field B-Format

N201 OCTET
Bbis-Fornat
Actual data

M-BAGHERPOUR
 The Air-Inerface
N201
R4 $ #/INFORMATION 3 -' ))/ ' N , ?" 4 N @ )$Q
20 - V G KGT $E U . G7#$ 6 () E / * #$#) $.%- $ )/ SRR
'-' -
N201 OCTET

Fill octets Frame lengh Control field Address field

N201-X OCTET 0X OCTET(X<N201)

Fill octets Signaling data Frame lengh Control field Address field

N201 OCTET

Actual data

M-BAGHERPOUR D
 The Air-Inerface
The Three Format of The LAPDm Frame

Fill-frame . G7#$X ' E = - load W ; -I$ > E / #> & A-frame

'2 E -

(ACCH DCCH)' ->$actual signaling data E - @ B-frame

$ AGCH PCH X BCCH E - @ Bbis-frame

@ -' Bbis - ->$ Downlink Uplink @ ' ; -' BXA ' M

& '- Downlink

M-BAGHERPOUR H
 The Air-Inerface
LAPDm , -)F
The Address Field
The Control Field
The frame length indicator field
The information Field

M-BAGHERPOUR
 The Air-Inerface
The ADDRESS FIELD
-' #$2 ; 3 : 5 G ,; 3 ' 4 : 5 ' * C/R EA ) $ $+ -'% 3
&Y #$ ; -' .%- #/ 6 ( 4 $ # TG ,; ;SAPI $ LAPD
SAPI=3 FOR SMS,SS
SAPI=0 FOR RR,MM,CC
& $#/ LPD(link protocol discriminator) A -'LAPDm -'Address field
'-' - ] - 6 \ C # $-' R [ - #/CBS(cell broad cast) Z
The CONTROL FIELD
'- -FRMR #/ 6 ( 4 $ ^E M LAPD -' #$2 3 G ,;

M-BAGHERPOUR
 The Air-Inerface
The frame length indicator bit F
lengh M EL

frame length indicator 3 & )/ 4 F% -@ )/ %#/ ;' . 2 EL BIT F

)/ 4 F% -@ )/ GN $] " # ' -' T ' )/ GN $R " #
$G$' )2 $ )/ A &frame length indicator 3 #/ ! !'' 4 . > GSM -'
$ ' P 4 4 >, ! G% ;' $-/ -' (< !- ,;EL $- 4
6 789 $LAPDm , #$_ $ )' 3 & )"-?$ ' - ` " M BIT F
! ` %#>G .' / 0 12 @ $4 E - K) , -' !
' (< G,T 4 F%#$_ $ M-BIT ' - ->$ G9 $ . > #$ 3 I ,
- a - ;' . 2 -6 789 3 NI E 9 3 4 LENGTH INDICATOR F
$ N201 (< & .%

M-BAGHERPOUR
 The Air-Inerface
LAPDm 760 -9)/

M-BAGHERPOUR
 The Air-Inerface
LAPD& LAPDm 76
. @ A 8)K )01 6/ %Control Field P &&+ '/ 8 O N5 -LAPDm 760 -M
@R 6 3 '; 7 )T )(R SI&P ' 41 E Q/ N(R) N(s) +
+ 'U &. '*/Acknowledge
+ '(&R0/TEI ( . @ A 8)KN5 -LAPDm &V)& Address Field M
SI&= L Inter Leaving WChannel Coding $)X'/ '/ FCS WLAPDm 760 -M
+ )* G IJK . Y
L 0IP +' 4/, -76/ '&$'(Z C* .6[Flag 7 LAPDm 760 -M
+ )(R 2Y/Burst Segment N ) =
0^ LG IJK . P]0 LAPDm UA SABM 760 -WLAPD \J? &M
+ R Connection Setup $ G' _1@SI&P @W '@
. @ >aE '/) LAPD 760 - +' LAPDm LAPD 760 -8)K ` @'^M
G )b '@R 0^ . @> 6 LAPDm ]!^ ' @ 0^ !" G IJK
+ R 2Y/Segmentation 0I *& '; & /
+ '/ '/Length Indicator WLAPDm 760 -M
Fill-in-Octet '(&'*/ R" !" G IJK N ) 6/] 20 ]/ WLAPD M
+ )*0/

M-BAGHERPOUR E
 The Air-Inerface
Air-Interface 7 L. -

M-BAGHERPOUR =
 The Air-Inerface
(PD) Protocol Discriminator
. $-/ ;' + -'%. > : 3)1 ; " #$ G$# 9 @ Air-Interface -' E 9 $b $
Abis-Interface -' Message Discriminator G ,; ' ->$c # \ -' : 3)1

M-BAGHERPOUR >
 The Air-Inerface
Radio Resource Management RR
RR & '- Air-Interface - >? K / G ,; JG K/ @ RR
' 2 !' () MSC MS 4 $ 9 - A G K' d @

&6 \ C 4
Paging K / f =)F eR
V G KGT ( / > [ -?" eg
HO ` TG; ec

M-BAGHERPOUR
 The Air-Inerface
MM = Mobility Management
Nh G> !' () !' / ' d RR #/ K / & NSS MS 4 $6 789 E - @ MM
&'- Nh 4 #/ , - i )2 )/ C
1-Authentication
2-Registration
3-Location Updating
4-IMSI detach/attach
CM = Call Control Management
i )2 #$_ $ #,K> 6 \ = E )G/ G/ !' () RR ! ' d 6 \ = &X MM G ,;
&'- #/ ;' ` d -
1- Establishing and clearing a call or connection
2- Management of Suplementary Services
3- Support of Short Message Service

M-BAGHERPOUR D
 The Air-Inerface
Transaction Identifier and Skip Indicator
SI A $X RR MM -' ! ,; TI A $PD X CC -'
#( 5 W ; SI ! ' " / 0000bin 2 , - $ $b E 9 $MM RR -' SI
'- < F
GK - JF T 2 2 #) " ' ! " j 9 & X '- - 0000bin - SI %-' #/

'-' & TI #$CC G> ' d ? , MS : 3)1 K - 4 $TI

M-BAGHERPOUR H
 SCCP
Signaling Connection Control part
Cnnection oriented Connection less SCCP
& - ."/ , ' () * + !" #$% &
STP & % 4 / 56 , "1 (!" +2 & 2 3 CL CO 0
"SCCP : + .+; < * =)(>+ ? @ %A .$' GT(Global Title) - / 7$ 8.)9.8)
,? @
1 2 E F" G !"NSP(Network Service Part) 2 SCCP / C& MTP 2 B CD"
, . "OSI "

M-BAGHERPOUR
 SCCP
CIRCUIT RELATED &NON CIRCUIT RELATED SIGNALING

(circuit 4 $ ? >H " I J .)9.8) ? ' C I + <" C$ )

, K + I IMTP 2 related signaling)
$ C9 " ' 8.)9.8) K + I -)% L + ? M) "
% * MTP $)( I N O (none circuit related signaling)
, C% D ? )( I* ? % + SCCP 2 *

M-BAGHERPOUR
 SCCP
SCCP Services
Connectionless 0
"#
$%& ' ()# !
0 *( $ +!(,-.-
,/
Connection oriented 0
7#
/ =<7* 8 98' :;5,-.-
,/ 6 2 ,/ 2& 34Cnnection Oriented 1! /
5,-.-
0 $*5
> $A! '@ (!& 4 # * 7 #
/ => 7 :?-
!' 98 $> CO
"#
" CD> & 4(E- F > 8 ' 14
0 *( " >'+ > 8 %& B /
$> G ' : C / ' 98 * ( %=! !"/ :; 4 (,-.-
,/ F ! 0 $* (
F > G $ . @> G $: F = & 4"/ :)
H I * 0-
;( /
0-
-;( %=! G $: F +$
D: C / $ #
J B % /: (E-
:F * ( $ +! (E- F :$K CL CO :!
0 M (! $% /: / > $: C / 4 L -.-
,/ 4 % G8
0 *( 7 P
#/CO 1! /'Real time N: O;O+H "/ : ' $ N
M-BAGHERPOUR
 SCCP
SCCP

& BSSAP .. "/ 7$ PCL 0 - MAP TCAP- .+ 6SCCP GSM

, C% "/ 7$ CO0 - : # ISUP " 0

M-BAGHERPOUR Q
 SCCP
Protocol Classes
1! /%& Z R T ; :;0 %/ 7*U VM 9W 4T XI $ &YSCCP / 7*:S 1! /T /
0 *( $7 P/ \ T ;'GSM :;0 -
# * ( CO1! /%& \ [ >&/ ; CL

M-BAGHERPOUR R
 SCCP
Protocol Class 0
2 2 & 2 : + M)" $7 NSDU(Network Service Data Unit) %P 65L N 5 *
65L S )+ +N 5 * , % "=#$." +2 2 SCCP 2 : +Q)% R#" / = >+ " SCCP
, %P - 7$" 65L ? S )+ +? * C" / %T "
Protocol Class 1
? "WN 5 ? %= + * 4 " .+UI 65L & TV% " R#"N 5 *
,? TV."

Protocol Class 2
R#" S )+ + 65L ? 9O * , . " D &NSDU R#" "* ) #F."K + X = + *
65L TDO ? 6 ? TV% F3 Y )<M+ V%- & " = + * ? )7) , % "?
,[? MTP O Z ? )% -
Protocol Class 3
- 1 8.& R#": + 65L ? ?6 TDO . >" " 4 ? \N 5 ) = + *
T + F3

M-BAGHERPOUR Z
 SCCP
SCCP >& 34

M-BAGHERPOUR [
 SCCP
CL 1! /: F >& 4
" %& ^UDT]Z
Y: 34 * '+ H' _ (./ 34" :? N ^XUDT ][
:#?* 34 -
0 $*( "/ 4 ! / 7*
*( 7$ K' :UDTS -/ : -
$#$ UDT :? N ^UDTS]\
0%/ 7* +!9?M : F CD :;
7$ K' :XUDTS -/ : -
$#$ X UDT :? N ^^XUDTS]`
0%/ 7* +!9?M : F CD :; *(

CO 1! /: F >& 4
(E- " +!%& CR:]Z
(E- " +!%/ J ! %& ^CC][
(E- " +!> 8 %/ J ! %& ^CREF]\
7* +!(E- F $ aE8%/ J %& ^RLC]`
7* +!(E- F $ aE8%/ J ! %& ^RLCD]b
7* +!(E- > " %& ^DT1]c
"/ H > % %& ^IT]
()? 4>EJ' C ;U VM %& ^ERR]

M-BAGHERPOUR \
 SCCP
SCCP 2& 4 #
J/
:;%/ !'9?*: & 34()
;#J/ 0 $ 8MTP : F MSU C SCCP 2& 34
f+ _V 3# % g" > > # 4, 4I $ ;, ( ! e Y 9 * 4
%/ > #
J> # 4

M-BAGHERPOUR d
 SCCP
(OPC,DPC,SLS) )" 65L =" / / 7$ )" MTP: +? C I * ^ ) "S ] i
, "
[/ 7$ " & $" B %Z P? " 1 ) B %/ .. * ))!+^ 1 ) B % i
' & $" i
? _ L ' & $" i
/ & 1) & $" B %* ? )!I "* ))!+ i
? )% -)% L Y 3 i
))`$" L ' & $" i
/ 1) & $" * L ))`$" =)9 i
"/ a R$3 % LY 3 i
)$3 & $" i
LY 3 / X - : # & $" * ? )!I "Y )<M+ 1 ) B % 8$ & $" * - / 7$ i
, "/ 7$ EO .6 c00b 89 - )$3 $" * 3P Y <M" / / 7$
/ i
/ X Q)% )$3 & $" 6 CD" / X ))`$" L ' $" & - 1 ) i
? () PB +? S O (H / .. Y <M"? * d - "/ a R$3 ? X L
, . "/ P /
M-BAGHERPOUR h
 SCCP
SCCP>& 4> # 4

M-BAGHERPOUR
 SCCP
CdPA , CaPA (>2Byte) i
/ N PB % N P O %P - X & ?" & $" i
^ % "=) M+ - 65L S ) +-
SPC (2 Bytes) i
SSN (1 Byte) i
Global Title (> 3 Bytes) i
Credit (3Bytes) i
e / (+ $" * - / 7$ i
& 1 ) [ Secured Z * C #$% $" * - / 7$ i
SCCP & 1 ) !+/ .. Y <M" i
.$ & UnACK ? )!4 Y <M" "-X i

End of optional parameters (1 Byte) i

)$3 & $" $% ; < / .. Y <M" i

Message Type (1Byte) i

1 ) B %/ .. Y <M" i

Protocal class (1Byte) i

[0 , 1 , 2 , 3Z = + / / .. Y <M" i

M-BAGHERPOUR
 SCCP
Release Cause (1Byte) i
P #" UFI K + " % R / Y <M " [SCCP ConnectionZ R+ UFI ? (6
" 0FHex
Refusal Cause (1Byte) i
R+ I ? 3 d @ 1 6? (6 / .. Y <M"
Return cause (1Byte) i
d- UDT & 1 ) % + C%UDTS / .$ ] . "Y <M" / / 7$ UDTS ") : #
.
SLR/DLR (each 3 Bytes) i
virtual Z ? I " R+ X [Local ReferenceZ / .. Y <M" / / 7$ e \ / (+
" [connection
Segmenting /Reassembling (1Byte) i
/ T) #+; < * .] ? \fg - ; ) 9 L $ L ? \fg : # DT1 1 ) $ ; <
" DT1 1 ) .] : +
Sequencing /Segmenting (2 Bytes) i
65L SCCP (3 65L P(S) P(R) =) I - +65L =" / / 7$ IT DT2 & 1 )
2 BSN FSN M" P(S) P(R) 65L ,? [ S/R $" M"Z Segmentation /
M-BAGHERPOUR , % "/ MTP2
 SCCP
CALLED PARTY &CALLING PARTY ADDRESS

M-BAGHERPOUR Q
 SCCP

M-BAGHERPOUR QR
 SCCP
SSN(SUBSYASYSTEM NUMBER)
. "/ 7$ SCCP - ? / .. Y <M"/ C *

M-BAGHERPOUR QZ
 SCCP Global Title

Translator Types
Number Plan
standby
Address information
M-BAGHERPOUR Q[
 SCCP

M-BAGHERPOUR Q\
 SCCP

M-BAGHERPOUR Qd
 SCCP

M-BAGHERPOUR Qh
 The A-Interface
TRAU
LAPD TS1
OAM
Uncompressed Speech TS
Compressed Speech TS 64 Kbps
64 Kbps 64 Kbps
Transcoding
64 Kbps
64 Kbps MSC
CCS7 TS CCS7 TS

X.25 TS2 X.25 TS2

OMC
PCM PCM
LINK LINK
M-BAGHERPOUR
 The A-Interface

M-BAGHERPOUR
 The A-Interface
Signaling Over The A-Interface

M-BAGHERPOUR
 The A-Interface
BSSAP
A-Interface GSM BSSMAP DTAP

BSSAP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 The A-Interface
DTAP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 The A-Interface

M-BAGHERPOUR
 The A-Interface
BSSMAP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 The A-Interface
BSSMAP DTAP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 The A-Interface
BSSAP
DTAP BSSAP ) * + '( & % # $ SCCP " BSSAP !
, -& . & &/ BSSMAP

SCCP Data (BSSAP) Length (8 Bits) Header SCCP

BSSMAP (1 Byte)
DTAP (2 Bytes)
Byte-1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

DLCI
Byte-2
0 0 0 0 0 C B A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

SAPI 0 --------->RR, MM, CC

3 --------->SMS, SS
M-BAGHERPOUR
 The A-Interface
DTAP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 The A-Interface
Data (BSSAP)

Parameter N Parameter Parameter Parameter Parameter Message Type

N-1 A A A
Optional Parameters Mandatory Parameters

Data Lengt IEI Optional Variable Data Mandatory Fixed

h Length Length
Data IEI Optional Fixed Length Data Length Mandatory Variable
Length

M-BAGHERPOUR
 The A-Interface
BSSMAP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 The A-Interface

Data (BSSAP)

Parameter N Parameter N-1 Parameter A Parameter A Parameter A Message Type

Optional Parameters Mandatory Parameters

Data Length IEI

M-BAGHERPOUR
 TCAP
Transaction Capability(TC)
345654 ,7$##/ 8 9 2/5+ 2 2+ , - !" #$ %& ' "&() *+ , -. / 012
-(Transaction Capability) 0< > /5
(-3 HLR MSC/VLR 7sp : + , 2 <=2/5
(-3 ; 565 4 "& ( # 7sp :-
9 2, -3( !# @ A 3H <* - TC G/7 $/# ?@ A 3 < #:5 B, -0+C. / !# D7 E <F5
:- F2 - F2L"' M C: :5 N=7/(-3 < # -3<?I , -3H . / !# D7 E 7$?:-. JK*
+ 3 -/(-3 ': ,7 C #< - :-# /2 O M !<5 J - /5 3 : P' "&
(QHR ,7$? #! -
MAP,IN SERVICES,O&M Aplications S + /5
'&JTC ! -

M-BAGHERPOUR
 TCAP
, !& OSI 9 8 )&0 1 2$ +3 4+$/ 5 6 7 &TC 2 2:

M-BAGHERPOUR
 TCAP
(TCAP)Transaction Capability Application
&> ? @ modified TCAP )&0 ) TC +3 ! = . ITU ';;< 9
& D E & F6)&0 # & &/, ?C )! G ) 6 & > A , ? 6 )&0 7 &B +C )
, &0 > )&0 # SCCP N +6O K )P Connectionless M & / , $J .
.& 9 2.$ T
(Applications)
# O $+K ) J (Responses) > Q (Queries) > 1 5 : TCAP > " / O !. T
>SCP >SSP
> B ? I, $J . A HLR MSC # MAP > " 5 : 5& + ) JK TCAP T
+K , O !. Authentication, IMEI Checking, Roaming

L > , " H$ , . B ? I) 5& + ) JK TCAP

Transactoin Control ( setup /clear down & identification of signaling
connections)
Control of Dialogues ( call sequence within a transaction )
Control of Operations Within a Dialogue
M-BAGHERPOUR
 TCAP
TC

M-BAGHERPOUR
 TCAP
(CSL)
L ( < #M ,VW /5 3 D7 E! - , - < #3HU VW 9 E #!" C +:
012 W3'2" C +: /(-3 , 4# - ,X ' -I Y 3'H =J012, -X 'M
#<(3 D 'L=P6 < # + # -#< /5 3 #1 =6" /5
B! V=7
CHA(COMPONENT HANDLING)
DHA(DIALOGUE HANDLING)

M-BAGHERPOUR
 TCAP
(TSL) /7 C +Z

M-BAGHERPOUR
 TCAP
(DIALOGUE) S =6" [<2
E Z
! /-
Z

M-BAGHERPOUR
 TCAP
STC ,

M-BAGHERPOUR
 TCAP
S [<2

M-BAGHERPOUR
 TCAP
TCAP ,

M-BAGHERPOUR
 TCAP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 TCAP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 TCAP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 TCAP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 TCAP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 TCAP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 TCAP
CP #VW

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MAP
Mobile Application Part

MA
P
TC
SCCP
MTP
MAP position
M-BAGHERPOUR
 MAP
PSTN
ISDN
MS MSC EIR
PSDN

Um E F

ABis A B
BTS BSC MSC VLR

Q C D G

N
SMC HLR VLR

M N

SME AUC

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MAP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MAP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MAP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MAP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MAP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MAP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 ISUP
ISDN User Part

M-BAGHERPOUR
 ISUP
ISUP ,

M-BAGHERPOUR
 ISUP
ISUP ,

M-BAGHERPOUR
 ISUP
ISUP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 ISUP
ISUP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 ISUP
ISUP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 ISUP
ISUP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 ISUP
ISUP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 ISUP
ISUP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 ISUP
ISUP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 ISUP
ISUP

M-BAGHERPOUR
 PROTOCOLS BETWEEN EXCHANGE

M-BAGHERPOUR
M-BAGHERPOUR
 LOCATION UPDATE

DMS-HLR
DMS-MSC

VLR

() * %! #+ ,
,,

DMS-MSC

! "# !# !
VLR
! "# !# !

! " $% & #&'

&
&

M-BAGHERPOUR
 LOCATION UPDATE

M-BAGHERPOUR
 LOCATION UPDATE

M-BAGHERPOUR
 LOCATION UPDATE

M-BAGHERPOUR
 LOCATION UPDATE

M-BAGHERPOUR
 LOCATION UPDATE

M-BAGHERPOUR
 IMEI CHAKING

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MOBILE ORIGINATING CALL
sub A B
MSISDN 09122345678 09173456666
MSISDN A=09122345678
IMSI 43211XXXXXX 43211YYYYYY
VLR add. FARDASADI LCT

2. MSISDN 1. MSISDN
3. MSISDN-->IMSI-->
HLR
GMSC PSTN
MSC/VLR Service Area
5. MSRN
6.MSRN

4. IMSI(Request MSRN) MSC/VLR IMSI<-->MSRN

7. Paging command

BSC
8.
9.
8.

BTS BTS BTS

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MOBILE ORIGINATING CALL
DMS-HLR
DMS-MSC

VLR

Copyright 1996 Northern Telecom

() * . &
&
,,,
DMS-GMSC
-) # "&
) %!. # " ) "# !# !
! & &
&
+$ '
)* !" ) & &" / )
&
& ".# !
0

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MOC

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MOC

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MOC

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MOC

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MOC

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MOC

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MOC

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MOC

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MOC

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MOBILE TERMINATING CALL

MSISDN HLR
2
MSISDN MSRN
PSTN GMSC 5
1 3 4
IMSI MSRN
MSRN 6

VLR
MSC
IMSI MSRN

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MOBILE TERMINATING CALL
DMS-HLR
DMS-MSC
12
VLR
12

&
&
%)
).
#&
4

() &
& # !" )*,
,,
DMS-GMSC
3*
" / %!
.

1! . /2".# !
1! . /2".# !
*
" / %!.
M-BAGHERPOUR
 MTC

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MTC

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MTC

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MTC

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MTC

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MTC

M-BAGHERPOUR
 MTC

M-BAGHERPOUR
 INTER-MSC-HO

VLR 2- Perform Handover VLR

5- HandOver Number
NES
NES

6- 1-

ac ues
t
Ha Ha
nd nd

q
ov

RE r re
ov

k
er er
re

ND ove
Co

Q
q
mm uir

HA nd
an ed

Ha
d

3-
B

4-
B
S B B
C
S S
C
S
S S

Copyright
1996
Northern
Telec om

M-BAGHERPOUR
 INTER-MSC-HO

M-BAGHERPOUR