Method Process Condition Pros Cons

Catalytic Oxidation of Monoclinic zirconia is Catalyst: Monoclinic High catalytic activity of Not used worldwide
Isopropyl Alcohol used for the oxidation of zirconia 68%
isopropanol with oxygen Temperature: 473 K
as the oxidant. The Flow: 40 mL min-1 100% selectivity as no
isopropanol was fed from Vapor pressure of alcohol: side products are formed
saturator with nitrogen as 20 Torr
a carrier gas. The Partial pressure of oxygen:
temperature was set to an 380 Torr
optimum temperature of
473 K. This whole
process is purely kinetic
controlled and proceeded
by Langmuir-
Henshelwood mechanism

Acetone as a By-product Pyrolyses were made in Temperature: 402-459 C Acetone only accounts
of the Thermal stainless steel Radical scavenger of 14% of the products
Decomposition of pressure vessels equipped (inhibitor): a large excess formed.
Propylene Oxide with two capillary tubes (100/1) of toluene
leading to removable Estimated gross pressure: Not used worldwide
valves. Liquid was added 4000-5000 p.s.i.
to the vessels prior to
installing the valves, and
air was removed by
evacuation while the
solution was cooled to
-78C. Decomposition
takes place when the
vessels were immersed in
a 6 litre salt bath
maintained at the high
temperature. The cooled
liquid was removed from
the reaction vessels and
then analyzed by gas-
liquid chromatography on
a column that is suitable
for quantitative separation
of propylene oxide,
propionaldehyde, toluene,
and acetone.