Table of some common agricultural species1 and wild ancestors2

Mode of Name 2n Family Ancestral or wild

repro- nr. of species
duction Dutch English Latin chromosomes

Cereals
selfer Haver Oats Avena sativa 2n=6x=42 Poaceae
selfer Gierstmelde Quinoa Chenopodium quinoa 2n=4x=36 Chenopodiaceae Amaranthaceae
outbreeder Boekweit Buckwheat Fagopyrum esculentum 2n=16 Polygonaceae
selfer Gerst Barley Hordeum vulgare 2n=14 Poaceae Hordeum spontaneum
selfer Rijst Rice Oryza sativa 2n=24 Poaceae O.rufipogon, O. glaberrima
selfer Pluimgierst Millets Panicum miliaceum 2n=4x=36 Poaceae
outbreeder Rogge Rye Secale cereale 2n=14 Poaceae
selfer Sorghum Sorghum Sorghum bicolor 2n=20 Poaceae
selfer Tarwe Wheat Triticum aestivum 2n=6x=42 Poaceae T. doccocoides, T. tauschii
outbreeder3 Mais Maize Zea mays 2n=20 Poaceae Teosinte

Root and Tuber Crops

vegetatively Taro Taro Colocasia esculenta 2n=28,42 Araceae
vegetatively Tapioca Cassava Manihot esculenta 2n=36 Euphorbiaceae
outbreeder Bataat Sweet Potato Ipomea batatas 2n=4x,6x=60,90 Convolvulaceae Ipomea trifida
vegetatively Aardappel Potato Solanum tuberosum 2n=4x=48 Solanaceae S. brevicaule, S.leptophyes
selfer Jamswortel Yam Dioscorea spp (x=10) 2n=2080
such as D.rotunda, D. cayenensis, D. alata Dioscoreaceae
vegetatively Gember Ginger Zingiber officinale 2n=22 Zingiberaceae

Industrial Crops
outbreeder Zonnebloem Sunflower Heliantus annuus L. 2n=34 Asteraceae H. annuus L.
outbreeder Kokos Cocos Cocos nucifera 2n=32 Aracaceae
outbreederOliepalm Oil Palm Elae guineensis 2n=32 Aracaceae
vegetatively Thee Tea Camellia sinensis 2n=30 Camelliaceae
outbreeder Suikerbiet Sugar beet Beta vulgaris L. 2n=3x=27 Chenopodiaceae Amaranthaceae B. maritima
vegetatively Rubber Rubber Hevea brasiliensis 2n=36 Euphorbiaceae
selfer Vlas Flax Linum usitatissimum 2n=30 Linaceae
allo. and auto. Katoen Cotton Gossypium hirsutum 2n=4x=52 Malvaceae
outbreeder4 Hop Hops Humulus lupulus 2n=20 Moraceae
outbreeder4 Hennep Hemp Cannabis sativa 2n=20 Moraceae
vegetatively Rietsuiker Sugarcane Saccharum officinarum 2n=8x=80 Poaceae
selfer Koffie Coffee Coffea arabica, C. robusta 2n=22-88 Rubiaceae
selfer Tabak Tobacco Nicotiana tabacum 2n=4x=48 Solanaceae N. sylvestris N.tomentosiformis
outbreederCacao Cocoa Theobroma cocoa 2n=20 Sterculiaceae

Vegetables
outbreeder Selderij Sellery Apium graveolens 2n=22 Apiaceae
outbreeder Venkel Fennel Funiculum vulgare 2n=22 Apiaceae
outbreeder Peen Carrot Daucus carota 2n=18 Apiaceae
outbreeder Artichoken Artichoke Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus2n=34 Asteraceae
selfer Andijvie Endive Cichorium endiva 2n=18 Asteraceae
outbreeder Witlof Chicory Cichorium intybus 2n=18 Asteraceae
selfer Sla Lettuce Lactuca sativa 2n=18 Asteraceae L. serriola
Schorseneren Salsify Scorzonera hispanica 2n=14 Asteraceae
outbreeder Koolgewassen Cole crops Brassica oleracea 2n=18 Brassicaceae
outbreeder Boerenkool Kale B. oleracea Group Acephala Brassicaceae
outbreeder Bloemkool Cauliflower B. oleracea Group Botrytis Brassicaceae
outbreeder Sluitkool Headed cabb. B. oleracea Group Capitata Brassicaceae
outbreeder Broccoli Broccoli B. oleracea Group Cymosa Brassicaceae
outbreeder Spruitjes Sprouts B. oleracea Group Gemmifera Brassicaceae
outbreeder Koolrabi kohlrabi B. oleracea Grp Gongylodes Brassicaceae
outbreeder Chinese kool Chinese cabb. B. rapa Group Pekinensis 2n=20 Brassicaceae
outbreeder Paksoy Paksoy B. rapa Group Chinensis 2n=20 Brassicaceae
outbreeder Stoppelknol Turnip B. rapa Group Rapa 2n=20 Brassicaceae
outbreeder Koolzaad Oil rape/Colza Brassica napus 2n=38 Brassicaceae B. rapa, B. oleracea
outbreeder Koolraap Rutabaga B. napus Group Napobrassica Brassicaceae B. rapa, B. oleracea
outbreeder Zw. mosterd Black mustard Brassica nigra 2n=16 Brassicaceae
outbreeder Bruine mostrd Brown mustard Brassica juncea 2n=36 Brassicaceae B.rapa, B.nigra
outbreeder Radijs radish Raphanus sativus 2n=18 Brassicaceae
outbreeder3 Komkommer Cucumber Cucumis sativus 2n=14 Cucurbitaceae
outbreeder Meloen Melon Cucumis melo 2n=24 Cucurbitaceae
outbreeder4 Spinazie Spinach Spinacia oleracea 2n=12 Chenopodiaceae Amaranthaceae
outbreeder Rode biet Red beets Beta vulgaris Group Rubra 2n=18 Chenopodiaceae Amaranthaceae
outbreeder Ui Onion Allium cepa 2n=16 Liliaceae
outbreeder Prei Leek A.ampeloprasum var.porrum2n=32 Liliaceae
vegetatively Knoflook Garlic Allium sativum 2n=16 Liliaceae
Bieslook Chives Allium schoenoprasum 2n=16 Liliaceae
outbreeder4 Asperge Asparagus Asparagus officinalis 2n=20 Liliaceae
selfer Paprika Sweet Pepper Capsicum annuum 2n=24 Solanaceae
selfer Tomaat Tomato Solanum lycopersicon 2n=24 Solanaceae unknown
selfer Aubergine Eggplant Solanum melongena 2n=24 Solanaceae

Beans / Legumes / forage crops

selfer Pinda Peanut Arachis hypogea 2n=4x=40 Fabaceae
selfer Kekererwt Chickpea Cicer arietinum 2n=16 Fabaceae
selfer Soja (Taug) Soybean Glycine max (L.)Merr. 2n=4x=40 Fabaceae
outbreeder Linzen Lentils Lens culinaris Med. 2n=14 Fabaceae
selfer Doperwt Pea Pisum sativum L. 2n=14 Fabaceae Pisum sativum L.
selfer Bonen Beans Phaseolus vulgaris L. 2n=22 Fabaceae
part. allogam. Tuinboon Faba bean Vicia faba L. 2n=12 Fabaceae
outbreeder Klaver Clover Trifolium repens & T. pratense 4x=32 Fabaceae
outbreeder Lucerne Alfalfa Medicago sativa L. 2n=4x=32 Fabaceae

1) Fruit crops and ornamentals not included

2) this column is not yet complete, but in many cases the species is comprising both cultivated and wild genotypes.
3) These crops are highly cross-pollinated but tolerate inbreeding and do not show inbreeding depression.
4) Dioecious crops

References
- Briggs and Knowles, Introduction to Plant Breeding
- Principles of Plant Breeding, Allard
- Evolution of Crop Plants, N.W. Simmonds
- Cereal Grain Crops, Neal C. Stoskopf
- Hybridization of Crop Plants, Walter R. Fehr and Henry H. Hadley
- Breeding Field Crops, John Milton Poehlman