Abasia

Inability to walk
Abatement
A reduction or elimination of public health nuisances such as
smoke, loud noise etc
Abaxial
Lying outside the axis of any body or part
Abdomen
The part of the body between the chest and hip region (the front or
anterior portion)
Abdominogenital
Relating to abdomen and genital organs
Abdominopelvic
Relating to the abdomen and pelvis
Abdominoplasty
An operation performed on the abdominal wall for cosmetic
purposes
Abduction
Movement of a body part away from the median plane of the body
(an imaginary line drawn form head to toe dividing the body plane
into half)
Aberrant
Differing from the normal
Aberration
Deviation from the normal pattern
Abeta-lipoproteinaemia
A disorder characterised by an absence of low-density beta-
lipoprotein, presence of acanthocytes in blood, degeneration of
retinal pigments, malabsorption, and neuromuscular abnormalities
Abeyance
A state of temporary abolition of function
Ability
The physical, mental, or legal competence to function
Abiotic
Incompatibility with life, without life
Abiotrophy
An age- dependent manifestation of a genetically determined trait
Ablastin
An antibody that seems to inhibit reproduction of trypanosome;
found in rats
 Ablate
To remove, or to destroy the function of
Ablution
An act of washing or bathing
Abnormal
Not normal
Abort
To remove the embryo or fetus from the mother's womb before it
is viable
Abortifacient
An agent that produces abortion
Abortigenic
Producing abortion
Abortion
Removal (spontaneous or induced) of an embryo or foetus from
the uterus before it reaches the stage when it can survive outside
the womb
Abrachia
Congenital absence of arms
Abrachiocephaly
Congenital absence of arms and head
Abrasion
Removal of the superficial layers of skin or mucous membrane,
usually seen as a skin wound
Abscess
A collection of pus, usually associated with redness, swelling and
pain.
Absorption
The incorporation or soaking in of substances (solids, liquids,
gases, light or heat) by a system
Abstinence
To refrain from the use of certain components of diet, alcohol,
drugs or from sexual intercourse
Abuse
1. misuse or excessive use of anything. 2. harmful or offensive
treatment (physical or sexual) of an individual, eg. child abuse.

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Xerochilia
Dryness of lips.
Xeroderma
A mild form of itching and dryness of the skin due to decreased
perspiration and low humidity.
Xeromenia
A term for the occurrence of usual symptoms of the menstrual
period without any show of blood.
Xeromycteria
Extreme dryness of the nasal mucous membrane.
Xerophagia
the eating of dry foodstuffs.
Xerophthalmia
Excessive dryness of the conjunctiva and cornea resulting in loss
of lustre.
Xerosis
Dryness of the skin or mucous membranes.
Xerostomia
dryness of the mouth due to decreased secretion of saliva.
Xysma
membranous shreds in the faeces.
Y-linked
The state of a genetic factor being borne on the Y chromosome.
Yeast
A greenish-yellow fungus substance, obtained from fermenting
malt and used as a fermenting agent.
Yersiniosis
An infectious disease caused by Yersinia enterocolitica,
characterised by diarrhoea, appendicitis like pain and acute
arthritis.
Yohimbine
An alkaloid used for its stimulating properties.
Zoonosis
An infection shared in nature by humans and other animals.
Zygomycosis
A broad term applied when culture is not available and the clinical
entity is unclear.
Zygosis
Sexual union of two unicellular organisms.
Zygote
The cell resulting from the union of a sperm and an ovum.
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Vitamin
One of a group of organic substances, present in minute amounts
in natural foodstuffs, that are essential to normal metabolism.
Vitiligo
The appearance on otherwise normal skin of white patches of
varied sizes, often symmetrically distributed and bordered by areas
of increased pigmentation.
Volvulus
A twisting of the intestine causing obstruction.
Voyeurism
The practice of obtaining sexual pleasure by looking at the naked
body or genitals of the opposite sex or at erotic acts between
others.
Vulva
The external genitalia of the female.
W-plasty
an operation to prevent the contracture of a straight-line scar.
Wasting
denoting a disease characterised by weakness and thinning.
Waxing
shaping in wax of the contours of a trial denture or a crown before
casting in metal.
WBC
Abbreviation for white blood cell.
Weaning
Gradual withdrawal of breast milk and commencement of
nourishment with other foods.
Wheal
An irregular eruption and swelling on the skin, slightly red,
spreading to adjacent areas and accompanied by intense itching.
Wheeze
To breathe with difficulty, with a whistling sound.
Whey
The watery part of the milk remaining after the separation of
casein.
Whoop
An infectious bacterial disease resulting in a series of cough bouts
with sound.
Wind burn
 Redness of the face due to exposure to wind.
Wind-burn
Rashes on the face due to exposure to wind.
Wiring
Fastening together the ends of a broken bone by wire sutures.
Work
Physical and mental effort to achieve a result.
Wrinkle
A fold or crease in the skin, occuring as a result of sun exposure,
associated with degeneration of elastic tissue.
X-linked
Pertaining to genes borne on the X chromosome.
Xanthene
The basic structure of many natural products, drugs, dyes,
antibiotics and pesticides.
Xanthinuria
Excretion of abnormally large amounts of xanthine in the urine.
Xanthoderma
any yellow colouration of the skin.
Xanthodont
One who has yellow teeth.
Xanthoma
A yellow nodule on the skin, composed of fat cells.
Xanthopsia
a condition in which objects appear yellow.
Xenophobia
Morbid fear of strangers.
Xenophonia
a speech defect marked by an alteration in accent.
Xeransis
A gradual loss of moisture in the tissues.
Xerasia
A condition of the hair characterised by dryness and brittleness.

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Vaccine, measles, mumps and rubella
A triple combination of live measles, mumps and rubella viruses in
a suspension, used for immunization against the respective
diseases.
Vagina
The birth canal in the female.
Vaginismus
Painful spasm of the vagina preventing intercourse.
Vaginosis
Disease of the vagina.
Vagus
A nerve arising from the brain. The term means wandering. The
nerve is so-called because of its wide distribution.
Valgus
A deformity involving the outward displacement of the foot or
hand from the midline.
Valve
A device for controlling the passage of fluid through a pipe,
allowing movement in one direction only.
Valve, mitral
The valve closing the opening between the auricle and ventricle of
the left side of the heart.
Valve, pulmonary
The valve at the entrance to the pulmonary trunk from the right
ventricle.
Valve, tricuspid
The valve closing the opening between the right auricle and
ventricle of the heart.
Varicella
Also called chicken pox, characterized by fever and eruptions of
blisters on the skin.
Varicocoele
An abnormal dilation of the veins of the spermatic cord draining
the testicle.
Varus
Bent or twisted inward towards the midline of the body.
Vasectomy
The surgical removal of part of each vas deferens as a means of
permanent sterilization.
Vasoconstriction
Narrowing of the blood vessels.
VDRL
Abbreviation for Venereal Disease Research Laboratories.
Vector
A carrier of disease.
 Vein
A blood vessel carrying blood towards the heart.
Ventilator
Respirator, a machine to assist or artificially take over breathing.
Ventricle
A cavity, as of the brain or heart.
Vertebra
Each segment of the backbone.
Vertex
The topmost point.
Vertigo
A sensation of spinning or whirling motion.
Vesicle
A small elevation of the skin containing fluid.
Vestibule
A small cavity or space at the entrance of a canal.
Veterinary
Relating to diseases of animals.
Viability
Capability of living.
Villus
A projection from the surface, especially of a mucous membrane.
Virulence
The severity with which an organism can cause a disease.
Virus
A microscopic organism multiplying in living cells and causing
diseases.

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Tinnitus
Abnormal noises (ringing, whistling, hissing) in the ears.
Tissue plasminogen activator (TPA, tPA)
TPA is a protein that is injected into the vein during specific
conditions like heart attack and stroke, which helps to dissolve
blood clots.
Tomography
A technique of x-ray examination displaying details in a selected
plane within the body.
Tonometer
An instrument for determining pressure or tension.
Torticollis
A contraction or shortening of the muscles of the neck.
Toxaemia
Clinical symptoms observed during certain infectious diseases,
assumed to be caused by toxins and other harmful substances
released by the infectious agent.
Toxinosis
Any disease or lesion caused by the action of a toxin.
Toxoid
A toxin that has been treated so as to destroy its toxic property but
retain its capability of stimulating the production of antibodies.
Trabecula
A meshwork.
Tracheobronchitis
Inflammation of the lining of the trachea and bronchi, both parts of
the air passages to the lungs.
Tracheostomy
An operation to make an opening into the trachea or the wind pipe.
Trachoma
A contagious disease of the eye with inflammed small nodules on
the inner surface of the lids.
Tract
An elongated area, path or track.
Trait
A qualitative characteristic.
Transcendental meditation
A form of meditation 2500 years old, in which a person sits
upright for 20 min.with eyes closed and speaks a mantra which has
a positive effect on his physical and mental health.
Transgenic
Referring to an organism in which genetic material has been
introduced from another species.
Transplant
To transfer from one part to another.
Transposition
Removal from one place to another.
Transvestism
The practice of dressing up and wearing the clothes of the opposite
sex as a sexual stimulus.
Trauma
 An injury, physical or mental.
Tremulour
An instrument for giving vibratory massage.
Triad
A collection of three things having something in common.
Trial
A test or experiment, conducted under specific conditions.
Trial, clinical
A controlled experiment with a defined set of people, to evaluate
the efficacy or safety of a drug, vaccine, surgical procedure or
other form of medical intervention.
Trichinosis
The disease resulting from ingestion of raw or inadequately
cooked pork that contains larvae of the parasite Trichinella
Spiralis.The initial symptoms are abdominal pain, cramping and
diarrhoea, associated with the development of parasites in the
small intestine.
Trichoptilosis
A condition of splitting of the shaft of hair, giving it a feathery
appearance.
Trigonitis
Inflammation of the urinary bladder.
Trocar
An instrument for withdrawing fluid from a cavity.
Trolnitrate phosphate
An organic nitrate that causes dilation of blood vessels.
Trophoblast
A layer of tissue, providing nourishment to an embryo.

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Synonym
A term used to denote one of two or more names for the same
species.
Syphilis
An acute and chronic infectious disease caused by bacterium
Treponema pallidum and transmitted through sexual intercourse.
System
A consistent and complex whole made up of correlated,
independent parts.
T helper cell
The type of cells that secrete a substance that is resposible for
regulating immune resistance of the body.
Tablespoon
A large spoon used as a measure of the dose of a medicine
equivalent to 15 ml.
Tache
a discolouration of the skin or mucous membrane.
Tachometer
An instrument for measuring speed or rate.
Tachyarrhythmia
Any disturbance of the rhythm of the heart resulting in over 100
beats /minute.
Tachyauxesis
type of growth in which a part grows more rapidly than the whole.
Tachycardia
Rapid beating of the heart, over 90beats/min. in adults.
Tachycrotic
Relating to, causing or characterised by a rapid pulse.
Tachypnoea
rapid breathing.
Taction
the sense of touch.
Talalgia
pain in the ankle.
Talar
relating to the ankle or ankle bone.
Talipes
any deformity of the foot involving the ankle.
Tampon
a ball of cotton-wool or gauze used as a plugin a cavity to absorb
secretions.
Tannic acid
A complex natural organic compound of yellow colour, used as an
astringent.
Tannin
Any of a group of complex organic compounds found in certain
tree barks, used in leather production and ink manufacture.
Tap
To strike lightly with the finger or a hammer like instrument.
Tapeworm
A parasitic worm found in the intestine of men.
 Taphophilia
Morbid attraction for graves.
Taphophobia
fear of being buried alive.
Tarso-orbital
relating to the eye-lids and the orbit.
Tastant
any chemical that stimulates the sensory cells in a taste bud.
Taxonomy
A systematic classification of living things or organisms.
Telangiosis
Any disease of the small blood vessels.
Telelectrocardiogram
An electrocardiogram recorded at a distance from the subject
being tested; eg. the electrocardiogram obtained through
telephone.
Telophase
The final stage of cell division that begins when migration of
chromosomes to the poles of the cell has been completed.
Tenacity
adhesiveness; the character of holding fast.

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