BDS PHASE - I, YEAR - 2 DEGREE EXAMINATION —
LTT TTI
Reg. No.
MANIPAL UNIVERSITY
EPTEMBER 2012
SUBJECT: PATHOLOGY - I (ESSAY)
Tuesday, September 11, 2012
Time: 09:00 ~ 10:30 Hrs. Max. Marks: 40
In a tabular format compare apoptosis and necrosis.
(6 marks)
‘What is granulation tissue? Describe wound healing by second intention.
(243 = 5 marks)
Define a thrombus. Explain the pathogenesis of thrombosis. Describe the morphology of a
venous thrombus
(14242 = 5 marks)
Define neoplasm. List the differences between benign and malignant neoplasms.
(+4 = 5 marks)
A 55 year old man presented to the emergency with acute onset chest pain and breathlessness,
He was suspected to have a heart attack
i) Describe the changes in the coronary arteries that could have led to the above condition
ii) What investigations would confirm the diagnosis?
(342= 5 marks)
A 65 year old male with carcinoma of sigmoid colon presents with anaemia and blood in the
stool. Describe the clinical features and laboratory diagnosis for this type of anemia.
(1+2+2 = 5 marks)
Define leukaemias. Classify acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), Describe the blood and bone
marrow changes seen in AML.
(14141214 = 5 marks)
Ina tabular format, compare and contrast osteoporosis and Paget's disease of the bone.
(5 marks)
ela
Page | of |MANIPAL UNIVERSITY
BDS PHASE-I, YEAR-2 DEGREE EXAMINATION — SEPTEMBER 2012
SUBJECT: PATHOLOGY — II (MCQs)
‘Tuesday, September 11, 2012
‘Time: 11:00 - 11:30 Hrs.
[INSTRUCTIONS
‘Max. Marks: 60
1. Foreach statement, select T (True) or F (False) as your choice.
Leave blank for Don’t Know response.
Scoring systems is as follows
For every Correct response
For every Wrong response
For every Don’t Know response
Do not write anything in the question paper.
all the pages.
The following cellular adaptations are
correctly matched with the clinical examples
101, Hypertrophy: Left ventricular myocardium
in hypertension
102, Atrophy: Paralysis after cerebral stroke
103, Hyperplasia and hypertrophy of uterine
smooth muscle: Pregnancy
Fatty change
104, Is irreversible
105, Results from hypoxia
106. Is characterized by vacuolation of the
cytoplasm due to accumulation of water
Regarding role of neutrophils in scute
inflammation
107. Movement of neutrophils is dependent on
sodium ions
108, Before phagocytosis, the micro-organisms
are opsonised by complement C3b
109, Lactoferrin and cationic proteins are
oxygen dependent microbicidal agents
Use only HB or 2B pencils to darken the circle.
Indicate your choice by darkening the appropriate circle in the answer sheet provided,
mark is awarded
0.5 mark is deducted
No mark is deducted
Indicate your roll number (Registration Number) clearly and correctly.
‘The true/false statements are numbered 101 to 160 (Total 60 statements).
‘This question paper contains 02 pages. Please make sure that the question paper provided to you has
Examples of primary chronic inflammation
include
110, Viral infections
111, Pyogenie infections
112, Tuberculosis
Epithelioid cells
113. Are modified macrophages
114, Resemble columnar cells of respiratory
tract
115, Have phagocytic activity
Regarding oedema
116. Inflammatory oedema is due to increased
vascular permeability
117, Ocdema in nephrotic syndrome is caused
by increased hydrostatic pressure
118, In filariasis, oedema occurs because of
lymphatic obstruction
Page 1 of 2Regarding diabetes mellitus
119. Type 2 diabetes metlitus is due to
destruction of beta cells and total insulin
deficiency
120. It leads to microangiopathy causing renal
and retinal damage
121. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with
obesity
Regarding carcinomas
122, They are malignant neoplasms
123, ‘They arise from connective tissue
124, The preferted route of metastasis is
lymphatics
Regarding carcinogens
125. Procarcinogens require metabolic,
conversion
126. Chemicals can act as carcinogens
127. Hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with
‘human papilloma virus infection
128. Exposure to UV radiation increases the risk
of skin cancers
‘Tumour grade is assessed by
129. Mitotic activity
130, Degree of resemblance to the normal tissue
131, Extent of spread
Regarding tuberculosis
132, It is an important cause of HIV related
death
133, Ghon focus is characteristic of secondary
tuberculosis
134, It is a classical example of granulomatous
inflammation
Cardiovascular effects of benign hypertension
include
135, Left ventricular hypertrophy
ration and hyalinosis of the
muscularis media
137. Fibrinoid necrosis
Regarding diagnosis of hemolytic anaemias
138, Sickle cell anaemia shows elevated foetal
hemoglobin on electrophoresis
139, Osmotic fragility test is the test to confirm
hereditary spherocytosis,
140, Coomb’s test helps to diagnose immune
hemolytic anaemias
Regarding lymphomas
141, Reed Stemberg cell is seen in non-
Hodgkin's lymphoma
142, Nodular lymphocyte predominant
lymphoma is a type of non-Hodgkin's
lymphoma
143, Lymph node architecture is maintained in
lymphoma
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL)
144, Is a disease of the elderly
145. Shows a predominant population of
lymphoblasts
146. Is characterized by lymphadenopathy and
hepatosplenomegaly
von Willebrand disease
147. Is sex-linked recessive disorder
148. Is commonly a mild bleeding disorder
149. Results in prolonged bleeding time and
activated partial thromboplastin time
(APTT)
Ewing’s tumor
150. Arises from primitive mesenchymal tissue
151. Is.@.small, round blue cell tumour
152. Has a peak incidence in the 5" decade
Regarding pleomorphic adenoma
153, It is also called as mixed tumour
154, Ithas a low malignant potential
Regarding squamous cell carcinoma of skin
155. Itis associated with chronic sun exposure
156. It presents as Keratotic areas, ulcers or
nodules clinically
The laboratory findings in disseminated
intravascular coagulation include
157. Increase in prothrombin time (PT) and
activated partial thromboplastin time
(APT)
158. Decrease in fibrin degradation products
159. Increase in platelets
160. Microangiopathic hemolytic anaemia
ene
Page 2 of 27
[Ree_ne,] [el LTT]
MANIPAL UNIVERSITY
BDS PHASE-I YEAR-2 DEGREE EXAMINATION — SEPTEMBER 2012
SUBJECT: PHARMACOLOGY ~ I (ESSAY)
Thursday, September 13, 2012
Time: 09:00 ~ 10:30 Hrs Max. Marks: 40
1. Describe the following terms with an example for each:
1A. Potentiation
1B. Obtundants
IC. Mummifying agents
(23 = 6 marks)
2. A $0 year old patient with artificial cardiac valve was administered a combination of
penicillin and drug ‘X? prior to a dental surgery. What could be the drug *X’ and explain the
basis for combining drug “X’ with penicillin
(2 marks)
3. List two drugs belonging to the following classes of drugs and mention two therapeutic uses
of any one of them:
3A. Reversible anticholinesterases
3B. Opioids
3C. Anticoagulants
3D. Glucocorticoids
(2x4 = 8 marks)
4. A 24 year old patient has to undergo extraction of first molar tooth.
Deseribe the technique of local anaesthesia used for the above purpose and mention two local
anaesthetics that can be used in this case.
(2 marks)
5. Explain the pharmacological basis for the following:
5A. Enalapril is used in hypertension.
SB. Metoclopramide is used in vomiting,
(22 = 4 marks)
6. Enumerate two drugs belonging to different classes used for the following conditions and
explain the mechanism of action of any one of them:
6A. Peptic ulcer
6B. Bronchial asthma
6C. HIV infection
(3x3 = 9 marks)
7. Explain two therapeutically usefuul pharmacological actions of aspirin
(3 marks)
8. Write short notes on the following:
8A, Conscious sedation
8B. Bisbiguanides as antiplaque agents
(3%2= 6 marks)
Page 1 of |i T =e T
[Reg. No. | [ I
MANIPAL UNIVERSITY
BDS PHASE-I, YEAR-2 DEGREE EXAMINATION - SEPTEMBER 2012
SUBJECT: PHARMACOLOGY - II (MCQs)
Thursday, September 13, 2012
‘Time: 11:00~ 11:30 Hrs. Max. Marks: 60
INSTRUCTIONS
1. Foreach statement, select T (True) or F (False) as your choice.
2, Indicate your choice by darkening the appropriate circle in the answer sheet provided.
Use only HB or 2B pencils to darken the circle.
4. Leave blank for Don’t Know response.
5. Scoring systems is as follows:
For every Correct response. 1 mark is awarded
For every Wrong response 0.5 mark is deducted
For every Don’t Know response No mark is deducted
6. Indicate your roll number (Registration Number) clearly and correctly.
7. Donot write anything in the question paper
8. The true/false statements are numbered 101 to 160 (Total 60 statements),
9. This question paper contains 02 pages. Please make sure that the question paper provided to
you has all the pages,
intramuscular route of drug Following antibiotics are bacteriostatic at
istration therapeutic doses
101, Absorption of drug is slower as compared 111, Sulfonamides
to subcutaneous route 112. Tetracyctines
102, Mild irritant drugs can be given 113. Cephalosporins
103. Self-administration is possible 114, Quinolones
Following are the phase IT biotransformation ‘Metronidazole
reactions
115. Acts by damaging microbial DNA
104, Oxidation 116. Causes metallic taste
105. Acetylation 117, Is useful for the treatment of acute
106. Reduction ulcerative gingivitis
107. Glucuronidation 118, Causes pseudomembranous enterocolitis
Regarding bioavailability Regarding astringents
108. Drug administered by intravenous route has 119. They act by precipitating proteins in
100% bioavailability superficial cells of skin
109. Liver disease decreases the bioavailability 120. ‘They protect against bacteria and irritants
of drugs having high first pass metabolism 121, They increase exudation
110. Enterohepatie cycling increases the 122. Zinc salt astringents can stain the tecth
bioavailability of drags
Page 1 of 2123. Is used for induction of anaesthesia
124, Is a potent analgesic
125. Has weak muscle relaxant action
126. s suitable for outpatient surgery
Oral problems associated with cancer
chemotherapy include
127. Xerostomia
128, Dental caries
129. Gingival hyperplasia
130. Stomatitis,
Following are the therapeutic uses of alpha
blockers
131, Phaeochromocytoma
132, Asa nasal decongestant
133, Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Carbamazepine
134, Delays the recovery of Na channels from
inactivated state
135, Is effective in absence seizures
136, Can cause bone marrow depression
137. Is used for trigeminal neuralgia
Antidepressants include
138, Amitriptyline
139, Clozapine
140. Fluoxetine
141, Bupropion
Digoxin
142, Acts by activating Na'K“ATPase
143. Is used for paroxysmal supraventricular
tachycardia
144, Decreases urine output
145, Causes Gl irritation
Following drugs are correctly matched with
their adverse effects
146, Enalapril: dry cough
147, Alpha methyldopa: gynaecomestia
148, Verapamil: Diarthoea
149, Frusemide: Hyperkalemia
Rifampicin
150. Acts by inhibiting synthesis of mycolic
acids
151. Causes hepatitis
152. Is used for leprosy
153. Isa microsomal enzyme inhibitor
Regarding antidiabetic drugs
154. Sulfonylureas are effective in type 1
diabetes mellitus
153, Biguanides cause lactic acidosis
156, Thiazolidinediones increase insulin release
from beta cells
157. Isulin glargine is a ultra-short acting insulin
Fluconazole
158, Acts by inhibiting ergosterol synthesis
159, Is effective in oral candidiasis
160. Causes gynaecomastia in males
LEO
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