CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG Course code & tile _APS303 Structure & Deformation of Materials Session Semester A 2013/14 “Time allowed “Two hours ‘This peprhas FOUR pages (including this cover page) 1. Write all your answers on this question paper. 2. attempt ALL questions. ‘This is an open-book examination, | ears ‘allowed tows the following materiale | Approved calculators | Marca oferta ie std hrm period oat et sl cond | nahn doe Student Number, Seat Number,‘Axtemptall questions 1. Eqplain why ceramics are usually more brittle than metals. [5 Marks] 2. Why FCCmaterals are usually more malleable relative to HCP ‘materials (5 Marks} 3. olain how glass canbe tempered and how itworks, [5 Marks] 4 Aplece of copper was hammered from 10mm and tmm thick. The hhardness value of deformed copper was found 50% higher. Explain what ‘had happened in the copper. (5 Marks] 5. (@)iventhe phase diagram below, find the composition of and ‘hases of Pb-SOwe6sn alloy at 150°C. [5 Marks} mon a 5) eo amon St cy (Find the we of and p phases in this Pb-SOwt%Sn alloy at 1500, [= Marks} 6, Apiece of steel was slowly cooled down in air from 950:C to room temperaure, The hardness ofthis was found HB40O. When it was re hneated to 950%C and cooled down quickly in ice water, the resultant bhardness was H8700, Explain what had happened to this plece of stel and why. [10 Marks)7. (®Anengineer found t dificult to change the shape of aplece of ‘bulkemetalic glass (BMG). He heated it upto 500°C and pressed it finding thatthe shape canbe changed slowiy. Explain why. [5 Marks} (@)In order to increase the production rate he raised the ‘temperature to 800°C and pressed It The shape was changed much faster, However, he found that some ofthe BMG characteristic ofthe metal was Tost: Explain why. [5 Marks] 8, Can we use clastic deformation concepts (for example, train) to explain plastic daformation? Why? [6 Marks] 9. Calculate nominal strain and true stain of the tensile specimen shown In below and briefly explain thelr difference: [5 Marks] > > Lam feat 3m aa 45m) 10. Prove that @ two-dimensional tensile specimen with constant area has Polsson’s ratio of ~1 under a very smal elastic deformation. (Tensile stress is along X direction) (7 Marks] 11.How to induce the crack propagation with a stress intensity factor smaller than Ke [7 Marks] 12.Given the Toughness-strength diagram as below, explain the ‘lationship between mechanical strength and fracture toughness of ‘metals, polymers and ceramics, (Thefailure stress Gime of metals and polymers isthe yield strength Ry: for ceramics, the compressive strength Rem IS used which Is approximately the same as the cleavage strength Oc. For composites, the tansile strength Re has been used. ‘Yields to be understood as failure by plastic collapse instead of crack propagation. The dlagonals dept pales of Kic and Cine with constant critical erack length ac in ‘units of mm) [9 Marks]13.Twool tank trucks crashed on a ste! ame structure bridge inducing ‘8 violent combustion. all vehicles on the bridge were evacuated immediatly, The bridge finally colapsed two hours later. Explain in detad what the possible mechanisms of bridge fallure are. [8 Marks] 14, A steel ship equipped with wind power equipment and rectifying device is sailing in ocean, design a corrosion protection system incase of an extra steel availble OR a Zn plate available. Explain the protection mechanism. [8 Marks] -END-