BO GIAO DUC DAO TAO TRUONG DALHOC BACH KHOA HA NOT LUAN VAN THAC ST KHOA HOC _ NGHIEN COU MANG VIEN THONG HANG KHONG VA HE THONG TRAO DOI DIEN VAN DICH VU KHONG LUU NGANH : KY TRUAT PEN Tr MA SO: 50 62 70 NGUYEN THI XU/ Neudi hudng dan khoa hoc : PGS.TS. PHAM MINH HA. HA NOI 2006LOI CAM BOAN Toi xin cam don to’n bO noi dung dé cap trong Iwan van Nehién city mang vién thong hang khong va hé thong trao dt dién van dich vu khong hau” duge viel dua wen ket qui nghiem et theo dé cucmg cia cé phan 10} dui Se huGng dan cha PGS.TS Pham Minh Ha cing v6i st gitip d8 cia eae edn 6} chuyen vien phong kj thuat cong nigh? Trang tam Quan IY bay dan dung Vier Nam. Moi thong tin va s6 tigu thm khito déu duoc trich din diy dis nguén va sis dung ding luat ban quyén qui dinh. Toi xin hoan ‘oan chiv track nhigm vé noi dung cba ban wan van. Hoe vien Nguyén Thi Xuan MyL601 CAM ON ‘di long kinh trong va biét on sau Sac, t6i xin bay t6 iot cam on chan hanh ti; PGS.TS Pham Minh Ha, Vt, ngtidd thy dd tén tink huténg ddin, Sing day va ta0 moi didu kien thudn idng vién trudmg Dai hoc Bach Khoa Ha ‘oh cho tl trong qué eriuk hoe tap, nghién ctu vd hoan thinh Iuan vin TS Biii Thing, Phd tracing Phong AF that Trung tam Ondn If bay din dung Viet Nam, da nhige tink iucdng din va tao moi digit hie then li cho 416i duige nghién citu vat hodn thank ludn van. ; Ant Neuve Trin Ditng, chuyén vién Phong k3 thuge Trung tdm Quin W bay din dung Viet Nam, da bye sid chi bdo, gitip dé 164 thye hién vei hodn thank lun van. thugs Trung tim quan Is bay Todn the edn b6 chayén view phone bj dan dung Viét Nam dé, ong gop cho tai nhieu § kién quy bet trong qué srinh nghién citu va hodn thank luén van, Lanh dgo Trung tam Quan 6 bay Mién Bée, noi 16 cong tic. Lanh dao ban Radar va gidém sé, bd phan hién toi dang trie tiep ham vige a 140 dieu kign thn tot, giip a i rong sdb thot gian hoc tap dé hoan thank fudn van. Toi Mhich Ie dong vien ti, gidnh cho tai su quan tam ve gitip dv moi mat ting bigt om gia dink, ngudi thin, ban be va ddng nghigp ad haan fone sudt qué trink hoc tap, nghién cttu va hodn thank tudn van,MUC LUC Muc luc... Danh muc cAc ky higu, cde chit vi Danh muc c&c hin ve. Danh muc cée bang... Mé du. i Chuong 1. Téng quan vé thong tin tron’g quan ly Khong Iu L.A. Quan ly kh6ng liu (Air Traffic Management - ATM ) 1.2. He théng thong tin, din duygng, gidm sét (Communication, Navigation, Serveillence System - CNS) 19 1.3. Dich vu trao déi dign van. Chuong 2. Mang ATN 2.1. Giéi thigu. 2.2. Kién tric mang ATN. 2.3. Cée giao thie cia ATN. 2.3.1. Mite ing dung. 2.3.2. Dich vu thong tin I6p tren eat 2.3.3. Dich vy thong tin intemet ATN (ICS) .. 2.3.3.1. Lép truyén tai ATN. ... 2.3.3.2. Lop mang 2.3.4. Dich vu mang con... 2.4. Ten va dia chi cdc thyc thé 2.4.1. Ten ting dung 2.4.2. Dia chi diém truy nhap dich vy. 7.4.2.1. Dia chi diém tray nhap dich vy c&e 16p tN... 2.4.2.2. Dia chi ATN NSAP. seen 2.4.2.3, Dia chi SNAP nee 2.5. Mang TCP/IP.2 ae 3. Giao thie chuyén giao dign van ITU-T X400.......-. . Gidi thiéu ... 3.2. Céc tidu chudin cia X400.... 3.3. Mo hinh chtic nang. .. 3.4, Cae thanh phan. chife nang cua X400., 3.41. MTA. 3.4.2. UA. 3.4.3. MS. 3.4.4, AU. 3.5. Cée giao thite X40... Giao thtte PI... 3.5.1.1. Khai nigm. .. 3.5.1.2. Phong bi PL...» 3.5.2. Giao thite P2.seere 3.5.2.1. Phin dau cita P2..... 3.5.2.2. Phiin than P2. .. 3.5.3. Giao thie P3. 3.5.3.1. Yéu t6 dich vu trinh dign van (Message Submission Service Element - MSSE). . WAT 3.5.3.2. Yéu 16 dich vy giti dién van (Message Delivery Service Element - MDSE) .. 48 3.5.3.3. Yéu t6 dich vu quan ti dign van (Message Administration Service Element - MASE): posses ee 3.5.4, Giao thtte PT... 248 29 46 se AT 3.6. Un diém cia X400. 3.6.1. Ua diém vé kién tric.3.6.1.3. Tinh nang cao: 3.6.1.4, Xirly thong tin chi tiét doi véi mg ngudi AhaA: .o.... 3.6.2, Uu diém ddi vi vige thuc hién hé NON. oases aut 3.6.2.1. Nha cung céip.... 3.6.2.2. Kha nang thuc hién.. 3.6.2.3. Thong bdo gilt dign v aor 3.6.2.4, Noi dung khong thay déi Sse 3.6.2.5, Chitng thuc ngang hang... ny) 3.6.3. Un diém vé truyén tai dige van, 53) 3.6.3.1. U0 HER see 3.6.3.2. Nauti nhan thay the. 3.6.3.3. An nin a 3.6.3.4. Didu Khia thot Bian BOI occ 3.6.3.5. Ciic dic diém khac.. 7 Chuong 4. Tieu chudn thy muc ITU-T x500...cccccseccoe. ALL. Gidi thin. 4.3. Cau tnic thu muc X500. 4.4. Mo hinh thong tin thu muc, 4.4.1, Co sé thong tin thu myc DIB 4.4.2. Cay thu myc DIT 4.4.3, Gian d& the muc X50... 59 4.4.4, Thade tinh thy muc.... 60 4.5. Ther muc phan tin. 6I 4.5.1. Cay thy mye phan ta 6 4.5.2. Mign quan ly thu muc. 62 Chuong 5. He thong AMHS.. 163 5.1. Cau tnic he thong AMHS. .......-4- 5.1.1. Cac thanh phan hé thong... 5.1.1.1. Dau cudi AMHS.. 5.1.1.2. Server AMHS... 5.1.1.3. Gateway AFTN/AMBS.... 5.1.2. Cau inic mang... 5.2. Ten va dia chi AMHS. 5.2.1. Dang dia chi. 5.2.2. Mién quan | 5.2.3. Cach danh dia chi cho ngudi diihg AMHS. .. 5.2.3.1. Nguyén tac chung. 5.2.3.2. Cach dénh dia chi CAS. 5.2.3.3. Cach danh dia chi XF. 5.2.3.4. Nhan xét vé céc cach danh dia chi 5.2.4. Ten ther myc .... 5.3. Dich vu. 5.3.1. Dac diém dich vu 5.3.1.1. Mife dich vu co ban. 5.3.1.2. Mite dich vu m6 rong. 5.3.2. Dinh tuyén dign van. 5.3.3. Cac dinh dang noi dung thong tin ngudi ding co thé truyén trén AME 5.3.4. Miéc uu tién dién van. 5.3.5. Hé trg cfc dac tinh cia dich vy AFTN... 5.3.6. Tutong thich gitta mite dich vu co ban va mé rong. 5.3.7. Truyén dign van gitta hai moi tung APTN va AMHS. 5.3.8. Diéu khién dién van. .. 5.3.8.1. Dinh tuyén lai dién van... 5.3.8.2. Phat lai dién van...5.3.8.3. Chuyén hugng dign van. . 5.3.8.4. Tho gian giti muda ahat 53.9. Anninh .. 5.3.10, Nhat ky dign van, 81 5.4. Sitdung dich vu th mye, 82 4.1, Dich vy thu muc ATN. 32 5.4.2. HO tro ciia tur mye dsi véi AMES... 83 5.4.3. Mot s6 tinh nang cia AMHS dua trén dich va més TOM. senn 84 5.4.3.1. Ma rong dan sch pln bi 5.4.3.2. Gidi phdp tén thu muc:.... 5.4.3.3, Ha tng khod cong cong: 5.4.3.4. Bien déi dia chi tai gateway. 5.4.35. Xée dinh kha ning newbi ding AMHS: Chuong 6. Phuong hutng thyc hign AMES ten the gigi 1.86 6.1, Vai tr eta ICAO, : 86 6.2. Phuong hutdng thye higa AMES trong kha vue 86 6.3, Cau ie dy kign cika mang ATTN trong khu vue chau A ‘Thai Binh Dung... 87 64, Chinh séch dinh tuy€n. : es 6.5. Chinh séch diab tayén trong thot icy qué 90 6.6. Mot s6 gidi php d6i véi vigc thuc hign AMHS. . 6.6.1. Sin phim AMHS. 6.6.2. Gidi php d6i voi fa ting mang ATN... 6.6.3. Mang SITA.... . Chuong 7. Théo tugn vé vige trién kha he thing Al AMHS tai Vigt Nam 97 91 7.1. High trang dich vu trao d6i dign van hign tai G Vidt Nam. anc 7.1.2, MO td téng quan hé thing mang APTN hiéa tai & Viet Nam....97 7.1.2. Thue trang cha dich va.-6- 7.2. Nhting efi thign cia dich vu khi tng dung AMHS....-...cesn99 7.3. Nhiing vin dé kho khan khi ting dung he thong 7.4, Dé xuit mé hinh mg dung AMHS 6 Viet Nam. 7.5. Quy dinh vé chitc nang cia hé thong 7.5.1. Phia trung tam chuyén mach AMHS. 7.5.2. Phia dau cudi AMHS... 7.6. Ban vé phuong huéng thuc hin hé thong, 7.6.1. Kha nang két n6i cia hé thén; 7.6.2. Tinh nang dau cudi AMHS. 7.6.3. Phin emg va phiin mém. ..... 7.6.4. Nang cao dd tin cay. 7.6.5. Trién Khai. Két luan Tai ligu tham khioDANH MUC CAC KY HIRU, CAC CHU viET TAT eo it | Tén tiéng Anh day di Gidi thich bing tieng Vier see eee ae Association control service | Yeu ts dich vy diéu khién tien element ket | Administrative identifier ae ee ee enacts dae ADMD | Administrative managemert | Mién quan tr | | domain ‘ eee ee Ea AE | Application Entity | Thue thé ting dung AFI Authority and Format Nhan dang quyén v3 dinb Identifier eee ea enone cise fixed] Mang vin thong 6 dinh telecommunication network hang khong. FS ea eae ee ee eee ee ATS message — handling | Hé théng trao déi dién van system dich vy khong fira Tin trinh img dung Region | Chi s6 Iya chon ving quan tr Kiém sot khong lujar Air traffie management Quan Iy khong lu ATN Aeronautical Mang vién thong hang khong telecommunication netwwork ATS Air traffic services Dich vy khong Luu 'ATSMHS | ATS message handling | Dich vu trao déi dign van dich services > | vu khong low AU Access unit Khoi truy cap * { c Country name (X400) Thudc tinh trong dia chi AMHS CAAS Common AMHS Addressing | Dang dia chi AMHS thong Scheme thutmg CLNP Connectionless-mode Giao thtic mang khong két néi network protocol CN ‘Common name (X400) Thuge tinh trong dia chi AMHS CNS Communication, navigation | Thong tin, din dudng, va and surveillance gidm sat CoTs Commercial Off The Shelf | Thuong mai DAP Directory Access Protocol} Giao thife truy cap thy myc DIB Directory Information Base | Co sé thong tin thy muc LDistribution fist Delivery Report Domain specific part Directory User Agent Organization wi TDP Initial Domain Part IP Internet Protocol IPM Interpersonal message IPN Interpersonal Notification Directory information tree Delivery Status Notification (SSS rr aga TT Directory system agent TAS Intemational Aiphabet No.5 ICAO Intemational Civil Aviation Initia) Domain Identifier ETT eeaeeeee SLE Pa ea EE Cay thong tin thu muc ee Danh sich phan bo ‘Thong bao trang thai guti Dien bio da gti duye dign van Khoi chite nang cung cap dich va thu muc Phin mién chi tie (trong NSAP) Khoi chite nang truy cap sir dung dich vu the muc Bang ma ky a theo ti¢u chudn ude té Té chic hing khong thé gidi Nhan dang mién khdi tao. Phan mién khéi tao Giao thite intermet-10- Intermediate System Intergrated services. digital He thong trung gian J Mang s6 tich hop da dich vu, network Iso International organization | Té chite tigu chun quéc té for standardisation ISP Intemational Standard | Bin m6 ta so luge tiéu chuan Profile 9) quée te ITU-T International Lien higp vién thong quée té - Telecommunication Union - Telecommunication Standardisation Sector LAN Local area network Mang noi hat chuyén vé tiéu chudn vién thong | Mot thudc tinh trong NSAP Loc Location identifier. MASE Message Administration | Yéu 16 dich vy quin td dién Service Element van MD Management Domain Mign quan ly |__| MDSE Message Delivery Service | Yéu 6 dich vu gii dign vin Element MF MUS-form (address) Dang dja chi MHS MHS Message Handling system | E¢ thong trao déi dien van, MRSE Message Retrieval Service | Yéu t6 dich vu nhan din van a ene esaElement ee Element MTCU unit FN-SEL | Network selector oO | Organization Name (X400) Originaton/eecipient MS Message Store MSSE Message Submission Secvice Element Se MTS Message Transfer System Message Transfer Service Message transfer and control MTA Message transfer agent NDR Non-Delivery Report = NRN No-Receipt Notification NSAP Network service access point Kh6i luu tit dién van. Yeu 0 dick vu teint dien van He thong truyén dign van. You 16 dich vy truyén dien | van Khi diéu khign va chuyén déi dign van. Khoi chic ning chuyén giao dign van, Dien bio khong giti duce dién van, Thong béo dign vin chua duge ngudi ding nhan. Diém truy cap dich vu mang Chi 6 lua chon mang Mot thude tinh trong dia chi ( AMHS i | Dia chi Thu/phat-12- Tnterconnection | ou Organizational Unit Name | MQt thude tinh trong dia chi) AMHS ee Message Transfer Protocol _ | Giao thttc truyén dién van P2 Inter-Personal Messaging | Giao thife trao déi dign van Content Type gitta cdc du cudi nguei dung P3 Message Submission and | Giao thie trinh va gitt Deliver Protocol van. : i P7 Message Retrieval Protocol | Giao the nhan dign van. a PRMD. Private management domain | Mot thugc tinh cia dia chi} AMHS \ PSAP Presentation Service Access | Diém truy c§p dich vy l6p Point tinh bay PSEL Presentation selector Chi s6 Iya chon tinh bay RDF Routing Domain Format —_| Nhn dang mién dinh tuyén. RDI Router Domain Identifier | Nhan dang mién dinh tuyén RDN Relative distinguished name | Tén phan biét tuong déi RN Receipt Notification Dien béo ngudi ding di nhan | duge dién van % —| RTSE Reliable Transfer Service | Yéut6 dich vu truyén tin cay | Element \Standards and recommended | Tiéu chudn va khuyén cio cia) practices ICAO. Chi s6 lua chon Simple Mail Protocol ‘Transfer | Giao thie trayén thu don Sub-network Function Independent | Chic Rang hoi tu pha thude SSAP Session service access point | Digi ray ofp dich vu phign. System Mentifier Nhan dang he thong TCPAP ‘Transmission control | Giaa thie diéu khién truyén/ protocol/internet protocol - TSEL | Transport selector Chi Seu chon use i | uA User Agent [Khoi che ning aéw ail | ngubi ding AMHS | aa SK“14. VER Version Identifier Nhan dang phién bin. WAN Wide area network Mang dign rong XF Translated-form (address) | Mot dang dia chi AMHSDANH MUC CAC BINH VE Vinh 1 - 1. Mang vién thong hang khong ATN....- Hinh 2- 1. Mo hinh thong tin mang ATN. Hinh 2- 2. Ten va dia chi trong kién tric mang ATN Hinh 2 - 3 Cau tric dia chi cdc diém truy nhp dich vu....... Hinh 2- 4 Dinh dang dia ATN NSAP... Hinh 3 - 1. Mo hinh kién triic he thong chuyén giao dign van X400 Hinh 4 - 1, Céu tréc ther muc XS00. ...... Hinh 4 - 2 Cay thong tin ther my Hinh 4 - 3 M6 hinh cde muc trong thy muc Hinh 4- 4 Hinh 4 - 5 Mign quén ly thu mye. thong tin thy muc phan tén .. Hinh 5 ~ 1CAu tric co ban cita mang AMH! Hinh 5 - 2 Cau tric mé rong cha mang AMHS.. Hinh 6 1 Cau tic mang ATN trong khu vue chau A Thai Binh Dung......87 Hinh 6 - 2 He thong AMHS cia Isode...... 92 Hinh 6 - 3 Mo hinh hé théng AMHS hai chéng giao thic . 93 Hinh 6 - 4 Dich vu chuyén giao AMHS.....oscstnnessncnrnnananene 94 Hinh 6 - 5 Gateway AFTN/AMHS tap trung, 95 Hinh 6 - 6 Dich vu quan ly AMHS chungHinh 7- 1 Sodé mang APTN khu vuc Dong Nam A . Hinh 7- 2. M6 hinh he thong AMHS sé img dung 6 Vigt Nam... Hinh 7 - 3 Cau hinh dir phong. Hinh 7- 4 Cau hinh mang ong gi dant Het Hinh 7- 5 Cau hinh mang trong giai doan 2... Hinh 7 - 6 Cau hinh mang trong giai doan 3. Hinh 7 - 7 Cau hinh mang trong giai doan 4... Hinh 7 - 8 Cau hinh mang trong giai doan 5... Hinh 7 - 9 Cau hinh mang trong giai doanDANH MUC CAC BANG Bing 5- [Bing mo ti dang dia chi 4p dung trong AMHS Bing 5 - 2 Dia chi CAAS cita Dai chi huy san bay Noi Bs Bing 5 - 3 Dia chi XF ciia Dai chi huy san bay Noi Bai Bing 5 ~ 4 So sinh mec wu tién gitta AFTN va AMHS... Bing 5 - 5 Su tuong ting gitfa céc tham s6 dich vy cla AFTN va AMHS: Bing 6 - 1 Vi tr cde MTA xuong sOng trong khu vye chau 4 Thai Binh Duong G900200089-18- M6 du + Ly do chon dé tai Hign dang fA thot ky hang khong che gidi tap wrung xay dung, phat trién mot £0 sé ha tng k¥ thuat méi phue vy cho hoat dong quin ly bay tren toan ci, 86 Ta hg thong thong tin, din dudng, gidm sat phuc vu quin IY bay (Communication, Navigation, Serveillance/Air ‘Traffic Management ~ CNS/ATND, nhim dp ting mic do phét trién nhanh ciie nganh hang kone {rong vai nm 161. Vi quy mo todn edu, he thdng edn 66 sur tham gia hyp tie cla tat cd cic guée gia wen thé gidi. Viét Nam, hé thong chuyén giao dien van dich vy khéng lwu (Air Traffic Service Message Handling System) trén mang vién thong hing khong (Aeronautical Telecommunication Network - ATN) 1A mot trong nhitg doi tuyng eta he thong sé duye thue hign trong thi sian gan day, Vi thé ATN AMHS 1a 460i tong duge twa chon lam dé tii nghién cifu tong ludn van nay. = Muc dich Muc dich cita lugn van nbim nghien edu cong nghé quan iy bay va dé xudt MOC sO phuong dn cho vide xay dung he thong AMHS tai Viet Nam. - D6i tuomg va pham vi nghién citu Luan van tap trung nghién ctu cée dic diém k¥ thudt cha h6ng AMHS, ‘cach thyc hign hé théng. ké hoach thye hi¢n AMHS theo chi dao eta ICAO, va nhimg diéu kign cy thé & Viet Nam dé xay dung mot hé thong AMHS pho hop. + ¥ nghia khoa hoc va thute tién ctia dé tai. Luan van nghien ctu dya tren co sé 1¥ thayét, phuong thiic thuc hin wep thé 8iGi dé dua ra dé xuat img dung thuc t& & Viet Nam,CHUONG {. TONG QUAN VE THONG TIN TRONG QUAN LY KHONG LUU. 2. Quan IY khong lira (Air Traffic Management - ATM ). Ging nhur dudi mat dat, tren khong cling 06 cde tuyeh dung bay. Sit ew thong cia cdc chuyén bay do bo phan kiém soft Khong Jin dui mat dt qui 1¥, nhiim muc dich: ~ Ngan chan va cham giita cdc thu bay. ~ Ngan chan tau bay véi cae chudng ngakvat, ~ Dim bio cho cde chuyén bay ant codn, diéu hod, higu qué ~ Cung cap cfc dich vu lién quan ¢6 ich cho thu bay. ~ Cang cdi dich vu tim kigm citu nan d6i véi thu bay. H6 try cho cOng tie kiém sost khong hax cba 06 ede dich vu ki tung, Khong bdo, va tim kiém cia nguy. Dich vu khi tugng cung ciip cdc ban tin dy bio {HOH Het 1a yeu 16 66 anh huding sat t6n trong vige diéu hanh bay. Dich va Khong bdo cung cap tin te cn thiét dim bao vige diy hanh bay an toan, diéu hod va hieu qud, Dich vy tim kiém citu nguy due thu hi¢n Khi nan due tin déo tai nan tu bay. ‘Tren ving trOi cGing duge phan chia thanh eéc ving khong phan thuoe sir quan JY cha nbiéu quée gia, Vi thé cong tie quan IY Khong fora cén c6 su phot hop higp dong gitta céc 16 chite quan ly Khong luu thudc cic quée gia vi nhaw kh fu bay qua bien gidi gitta cév ving khong phan. 12. He thong thong tin, din dudng, gidm sit (Communication, Navigation, Serveilience System ~ CNS). Cong tic quan IY Khong li due hign duge nh ste hd try ctia co s6 ha ting ki thuat thong tin, din dutng, va gidm sét.-20- C6 hai loa doi khong cong ¥ nhu cau thong tin trong cong téc quan Iy khong lau, dé 1a thong tin a thong tin mat dat. Thong tin d6i khong phuc vy Hien lac gitta phi kiém soat vien khong luu. Thong tin mat dat két ndi gitta cdc 16 chic cung cap dich vu khong lim, céc t6 chife hd trg cho dich vu khong Iu nhur khong bio, khf tuong ctu nguy dui mat dat. Hign tai thong tin déi khong duge the hi¢n béi h¢ théng cde tram thu phat sit dung ns cao (High Frequency - HF) va rat cao (Very High Frequency - VHF). Thong tin mat dat dya tén mang vign thong hang khong 6 dinh (Aeronautical Fixed Telecommuni tuc 24/24 gi tion Network - AFTN) va cdc dung thoai néng két ndi licn Tau bay xée dinh duge huéng va di ding theo tuyén dudng chi dinh dya wen cée dai dn dudng, din huéng (Non-directional Beacon - NDB, VHF Omni- directional Range - VOR, Distance Measuring Equipment - DME). Céc thiét bi radar gidm sat gidp kiém soat vién ngéi tai mOt ché van quan sa duge hoat dong cita céc tau bay dién ra trong khong phan cia minh. Ha ting kg thuat thong tin, dan dudng, gidm sat nay da dép tmg duge yeu ciu cha cong téc quan ly khong lu trong thdi gian trude day. Tuy nhién, voi toe do phat trién nhanh chéng cia lu lugng hang khong, trong vi nam tdi, ha tng nay sé khong thé tiép tuc dap tig dam bao quan ly khong Iuu thyc hién t6t chite nang cia minh. Vi thé t6 chitc hang khong quéc té (International ‘Aeronautical Organization - ICAO) quyét dinh thay thé ha ting ci bang mot ha ting thong tin, din dudng, gidm sat CNS méi. H¢ thong méi nay mang tinh toan céu, ddi hdi hang khong tat cd cde nuGe déu phai tham gia thyc hien. He théng CNS méi cung edi c4c dich vu thong tin cho cong téc quin ly khong luu dua tén mot mang vién thong hang khong (Acronautical Telecommunication Network - ATN) duy nhat bao phi khap toan cau, ké ca thong tin d6i khong cling nhur thong tin mat dat (Hinh 1.1). Céc dich vu thong tin hoat dong trén mang ATN dui dang céc tmg dung cia ATN. Tren co sothong tin mat dit va d6i Khong, cic tmg dung ATN cling duge chia thanh hai Joai: tng dung mat dat va ting dung déi khong. ATN sit dung nhig mang dif ligu thong thudng Jam phuong ti n kei noi vat IY ita cdc he thong. Lign két gitta cfc he thong dui mgt dat v6i ee he thong trén tau bay duge thuc hign qua mang VHF, HF, Radar mode S. két gitta cdc he thong mat dat voi nhau duge thue hign qua cde mang nhwe X25, Ethernet, TCP/IP... Do kha nang tich hgp tat,ca cde dich vy thong tin tren mot mang duy nht gidp gidm thigu mot s6 lugng lon cfc trang thiét bi, bo miy thong tin duge don gidn, bét céng kénh nh tease day, va vige phat trign cae king dung méi eting tr nén dé dang. fe The ATN Concept Airports, Meteo... Network Operators Hinh 1 - 1. Mang vién thong hang khong ATN Dich vu dan dudng cia he thong CNS m dugg ton bing vé tinh (Global Navigation Satellite System ~ GNSS). GNSS ‘8 duge thuc hign bai hé thong din cung cap phuong tién din dudng mot cach dge Jap, dO chinh xe cao va kim bao phi hu het todn edu sé cho phép mé them nhigu dung bay mét22- Trong te thong CNS moi, dich vu gid sat duge thé hie duci dang mot dng dung 463 khong cha mang ATN, d6 18 gidm sat phu thudc ty dong (Automatic Dependent Surveillance - ADS). Ung dung nay thuc hign truyén cae thong tin vé tau bay (vi tri, We dO, sé hidu...) ta he thong dn dung cia tau bay qua mang 86 liga ATN ti ic team kiém soat khong hana dui mit dat. Phuong thife nay khong nhing giam duac yeu cau sit dung cae tram radar ma con gitip Kiém soat vien khong uu gidm sat duge tau bay tren dign Tong khdp toan cau 1.3. Dich vy trao déi dién van. > © mang thong tia ma Aldi, cdc hoat dong trao déi dién van gita cic t8 chite gun ly Khong hia va cic 16 chée lién quan hién nay duce din ra qua mang vien thong c6 dinh hing khong AFTN. Cac dign van trayén tren AFTN gin lida vot in duding bay an toan, hoat dong cia che dich vu bay diéu hod, hiéu qua va kinh t€. Vé co ban c6 8 loai dign van: - Dign van nguy cap. - Digén van khan nguy. - Bin van an tohn bay. - Din van khi tuong. - Dign van diéu hoa chuyén bay, - Dign van dich vy khong béo. - Dién van hanh chinh hang khong, - Dign van su vu, Ngudi ding chiah d6i v6i céc diéa vin tren Th cdc 16 chite Khong luw cing voi Cac 16 chute phu tr bao gm khong bao, khf tuong, tim kiém céfa nan. APTN cling fa mot he thong mang mang tinh toan edu, duge hin than nén wr cae trung tam chuyén mach lien két voi nhau theo phuumg thie diém di digsn, AFTN hoat dong trén nguyén tac lua trit va chuyén tigp, te 1a dién van Khi truyén tren AFTN sé fin fuot duge fu va chuyén tiép qua ede trung tamchuyén mach duoc n6i vGi nhau lien tiép cho téi khi tdi duge tdi dau cudi dich cia ngudi ding, AFIN da dap ting duge nhu cfu trao d6i dign van rat tot trong thoi gian qua. ‘Tuy nhién, trong dbi dai thong tin phat trién nhw ngay may, AFTN van chi han ché & kha nang truyén nhitng dign vain dang ky ty khign né tro nén qua lai thoi, khong cdn phi hgp, abit 8 d6i vGi nganh cdng nghigp cao hang khong $6 di AFTN khong truyén duge céc dinh dang dif igu da dang boi no truyén tin trén co sé khong giao thiic, gay kha nang xdc suat 16i ln, khién céc he thong xis tw dong khong thé nhan biét doe. Voi di ligu dang ky tu, yout con ngudi cdn c6 thé can thigp, chink sta lai duge, nhung véi nhting dinh dang khéc, diéu 46 1a khong thé. Mot diém yéu nda ciia APTN Ia tré chuyén giao qua Tén, 6 khi t6i 5 phat mot dién van. Nguyén nhan boi trong qué trinh truyén tren mang AFTN, dién van phai di qua nhigu tram trung gian. Khong ning thé, khi dign van bi 16i, né khong tigp tue chuyén tigp duoc cho tdi Khi ngudi Khai thée chinh sita lai ‘Trong khi d6, nhu cdu di hoi thong tin nhanh ch6ng tang déng bién véi tc d6 tang manh cla Iuu lugng bay. Lum luong bay cing én, lugng dién van trao éi s8 cang lén, t18 chuyén giao 16n khién dé gay ra hign tuong tc nghén dign van. AFTN con boc 16 them nhigu khuyét diém ntfa, 46 I: ~ Chiu dai dign van truyén tren AFTN chi cho phép i da 2100 ky ~ Do khong phai la hé théng m6, cau trdc khong phan I6p nén kha nang nang cfip AFTN rat kh6 khan, khign tinh nang dich vu AFTN hign gig khong c6 nhiéu thay déi so véi hoi mdi ra doi. AFIN khong p dung duge cfc bi€n php an ninh mang ngiy nay ons kehi tinh hin dién bign vé an ninh mang ngdy cing phite tap. = Thiet bj APTN mang tinh chuyen dung nen s6 lwgng ni cung cp han ché gay chi phi Ién moi Khi cin thay thé.-24- Giai phap cho cic mat han ché cla AFTN chi cé mot cach hitu higu nat 1a thay thé AFTN bang mot hé thong méi dya trén cong nghé méi khac phuc tat cé nhiing mat han ché cia AFTN. Tuy nhién gidi phap nay khong dé thyc hign di tinh chat dich vu mang tinh todn cau, vige chuyén déi cbn lién quan 16i nang luc, kinh té cla nhigu nuéc. Sy ra doi cita mang ATN Ta digu kign tt nhat dé phat trign tng dung dich vu tao déi en vin phuc vu cong tée quan ly khong lu thay thé cho AFTN. Hé thng cung cap dich vu duge goi 18 he thdng trao déi trén nén ATN én van phuc vu khong luw (Air Traffic Service Message Handling System - AMHS). AMHS hoat dong dura tren tiéu_chusin trao déi dién van ITU-T X400 va dudi sy hé tro cia dich vu tir myc ATN tren co sb ITU-T X500.