PROJECT IN

SCIENCE

PROJECT BY:
Joshua Marie M. Arquiza
Joyce B. Jose (MAUTE)

TEACHER: DOROTHY VERGARA

ALVAREZ

*Reasearch Paper*
 What Should I Do Before, During, And After An
Earthquake?
What to Do Before an Earthquake:

Make sure you have a fire extinguisher, first aid kit, a battery-powered radio, a flashlight,
and extra batteries at home.
Learn first aid.
Learn how to turn off the gas, water, and electricity.
Make up a plan of where to meet your family after an earthquake.
Don't leave heavy objects on shelves (they'll fall during a quake).
Anchor heavy furniture, cupboards, and appliances to the walls or floor.
Learn the earthquake plan at your school or workplace.

What to Do During an Earthquake:

Stay calm! If you're indoors, stay inside. If you're outside, stay outside.
If you're indoors, stand against a wall near the center of the building, stand in a doorway, or
crawl under heavy furniture (a desk or table). Stay away from windows and outside doors.
If you're outdoors, stay in the open away from power lines or anything that might fall. Stay
away from buildings (stuff might fall off the building or the building could fall on you).
Don't use matches, candles, or any flame. Broken gas lines and fire don't mix.
If you're in a car, stop the car and stay inside the car until the earthquake stops.
Don't use elevators (they'll probably get stuck anyway).

What to Do After an Earthquake:

Check yourself and others for injuries. Provide first aid for anyone who needs it.
Check water, gas, and electric lines for damage. If any are damaged, shut off the
valves. Check for the smell of gas. If you smell it, open all the windows and doors,
leave immediately, and report it to the authorities (use someone else's phone).
Turn on the radio. Don't use the phone unless it's an emergency.
Stay out of damaged buildings.
Be careful around broken glass and debris. Wear boots or sturdy shoes to keep from
cutting your feet.
Be careful of chimneys (they may fall on you).
Stay away from beaches. Tsunamis and seiches sometimes hit after the ground has
stopped shaking.
Stay away from damaged areas.
If you're at school or work, follow the emergency plan or the instructions of the
person in charge.
Expect aftershocks.
 What Should I Do Before, During, and After the
Flood?
(Dos & Donts)
Before:
Do not litter waste, plastic bags, plastic bottles in drains
Try to be at home if high tide and heavy rains occur simultaneously
Listen to weather forecast at All India Radio, Doordarshan. Also, messages by
Municipal bodies from time to time and act accordingly.
Evacuate low lying areas and shift to safer places.
Make sure that each person has lantern, torch, some edibles, drinking water, dry
clothes and necessary documents while evacuating or shifting.
Make sure that each family member has identity card.
Put all valuables at a higher place in the house.

During:
Obey orders by government and shift to a safer place.
Be at safe place and they try to collect correct information.
Switch of electrical supply and dont touch open wires.
Dont get carried away by rumors and don not spread rumors.
Dos
Switch off electrical and gas appliances, and turn off services off at the mains.
Carry your emergency kit and let your friends and family know where you are going.
Avoid contact with flood water it may be contaminated with sewage,oil,chemicals or other
substances.
If you have to walk in standing water, use a pole or stick to ensure that you do not step into
deep water, open manholes or ditches.
Stay away from power lines electrical current can travel through water, Report power lines that
are down to the power company.
Look before you step-after a flood, the ground and floors are covered with debris, which may
include broken bottles, sharp objects, nails etc.Floors and stairs covered with mud and debris
can be slippery.
Listen to the radio or television for updates and information.
If the ceiling is wet shut off electricity. Place a bucket underneath the spot and poke a small
hole into the ceiling to relieve the pressure.
Use buckets,clean towels and mops to remove as much of the water from the afflicted rooms
as possible.
Place sheets of aluminium foil between furniture wet carpet.

Donts
Don't walk through flowing water - currents can be deceptive, and shallow, fast moving water
can knock you off your feet.
Don't swim through fast flowing water - you may get swept away or struck by an object in
the water.
Don't drive through a flooded area - You may not be able to see abrupt drop - offs and only
half a meter of flood water can carry a car away. Driving through flood water can also cause
additional damage to nearby property.
Don't eat any food that has come into contact with flood water.
Don't reconnect your power supply until a qualified engineer has checked it. Be alert for gas
leaks - do not smoke or use candles, lanterns, or open flames.
Don't scrub or brush mud and other deposits from materials, This may cause further damage.
Never turn on ceiling fixtures if ceiling is wet. Stay away from ceilings those are sagging.
Never use TVs, VCRS, CRT terminals or other electrical equipment while standing on wet floors,
especially concrete.
Don't attempt to remove standing water using your vacuum cleaner.
Don't remove standing water in a basement too fast. If the pressure is relieved too quickly it
may put undue stress on the walls.
 Fire-Awareness
(Dos & Donts)
Before:
The schools to be given license only after checking up its safety.
The schools must have sufficient exit routes.
Identify the fire hazards and where fires might start
Teachers/school staff to have training in fire safety.
Students to be made aware about the dos & donts.
School to have an emergency plan and put up fire notices
Keep electrical inspection and testing up to date and carry out repairs.
Kitchen has to be in secured and safe location only.
Check the adequacy of fire fighting apparatus and its maintenance.
Ensure fire escape routes and fire exit doors/ passageways are unobstructed and doors
open correctly.
Have first aid kits.
Conduct fire drills
Consult with and implement recommendations of the local fire brigade.

During:
Exit from the school to an open area.
Contain the fire if possible. If not , get outdoors immediately.
Execute evacuation plan and practiced fire drills.
Call the Fire Brigade.
Do not allow children and teachers to panic.
Do not let anyone hide. Teachers to ensure that nobody is trapped in toilet/indoors.
If the room is filled with smoke, ask children to stay low to the ground during exit.
Feel any closed door to see if they are hot before they are opened.
If the door is hot, use the nearest window or another exit.
Children and teachers should go to pre arranged locations, teacher to take roll call.
Teachers should comfort distressed children.
Nearest hospital/authority to be alerted.

Do not allow children to leave on their own , or to be taken home by strangers.

After:
o DONT Re - enter or permit anyone to enter the school building , unless the fire officials
have given permission to enter.
o Teachers to confirm that all students have reached their homes safely.
o Review the fire risk management plan and evacuation plan.
o Implement / execute recommendations by Fire Department and /or building
professional before reopening school for classes.
 What to Do Before, During and After a Landslide
or Debris Flow?
Before
The following are things you can do to protect yourself, your family and your property from the
effects of a landslide or debris flow:

To begin preparing, you should build an emergency kit and make a family
communications plan.
Prepare for landslides by following proper land-use procedures - avoid building near steep
slopes, close to mountain edges, near drainage ways or along natural erosion valleys.
Become familiar with the land around you. Learn whether debris flows have occurred in
your area by contacting local officials. Slopes where debris flows have occurred in the past
are likely to experience them in the future.
Get a ground assessment of your property.
Consult a professional for advice on appropriate preventative measures for your home or
business, such as flexible pipe fittings, which can better resist breakage.
Protect your property by planting ground cover on slopes and building retaining walls.
In mudflow areas, build channels or deflection walls to direct the flow around buildings.
Be aware, however, if you build walls to divert debris flow and the flow lands on a
neighbor's property, you may be liable for damages.
If you are at risk from a landslide talk to your insurance agent. Debris flow may be
covered by flood insurance policies from the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP).

During
During a severe storm, stay alert and awake. Many deaths from landslides occur while people are
sleeping.

Listen to local news stations on a battery-powered radio for warnings of heavy rainfall.
Listen for unusual sounds that might indicate moving debris, such as trees cracking or
boulders knocking together.
Move away from the path of a landslide or debris flow as quickly as possible. The danger
from a mudflow increases near stream channels and with prolonged heavy rains.
Mudflows can move faster than you can walk or run. Look upstream before crossing a
bridge and do not cross the bridge if a mudflow is approaching.
Avoid river valleys and low-lying areas.
If you are near a stream or channel, be alert for any sudden increase or decrease in water
flow and notice whether the water changes from clear to muddy. Such changes may mean
there is debris flow activity upstream so be prepared to move quickly.
Curl into a tight ball and protect your head if escape is not possible.
After
Go to a designated public shelter if you have been told to evacuate or you
feel it is unsafe to remain in your home. Text SHELTER + your ZIP code
to 43362 (4FEMA) to find the nearest shelter in your area (example:
shelter 12345).
Stay away from the slide area. There may be danger of additional slides.
Listen to local radio or television stations for the latest emergency
information.
Watch for flooding, which may occur after a landslide or debris flow.
Floods sometimes follow landslides and debris flows because they may
both be started by the same event.
Check for injured and trapped persons near the slide, without entering the
direct slide area. Direct rescuers to their locations.
Look for and report broken utility lines and damaged roadways and
railways to appropriate authorities. Reporting potential hazards will get
the utilities turned off as quickly as possible, preventing further hazard
and injury.
Check the building foundation, chimney, and surrounding land for
damage. Damage to foundations, chimneys, or surrounding land may
help you assess the safety of the area.
Replant damaged ground as soon as possible since erosion caused by loss
of ground cover can lead to flash flooding and additional landslides in the
near future.
Seek advice from a geotechnical expert for evaluating landslide hazards or
designing corrective techniques to reduce landslide risk. A professional
will be able to advise you of the best ways to prevent or reduce landslide
risk, without creating further hazard.
 12 Labours of Hercules

1. Slay the Nemean lion.

2. Slay the nine-headed Lernaean Hydra.
3. Capture the Ceryneian Hind.
4. Capture the Erymanthian Boar.
5. Clean the Augean stables in a single day.
6. Slay the Stymphalian birds.
7. Capture the Cretan Bull.
8. Steal the Mares of Diomedes.
9. Obtain the girdle of Hippolyta, Queen of the Amazons.
10. Obtain the cattle of the monster Geryon.
11. Steal the apples of the Hesperides.
12. Capture and bring back Cerberus.