Tongue Twister
in order to express a clear thought and to catch ones
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.
A peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked.
If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers,
Where's the peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked?
I saw Susie sitting in a shoe shine shop.
Where she sits she shines, and where she shines she sit
Denise sees the fleece,
Denise sees the fleas.
At least Denise could sneeze
and feed and freeze the fleas
There was a fisherman named Fisher
who fished for some fish in a fissure.
Till a fish with a grin,
pulled the fisherman in.
Now they're fishing the fissure for Fisher
Luke Luck likes lakes.
Luke's duck likes lakes.
Luke Luck licks lakes.
Luck's duck licks lakes.
Duck takes licks in lakes Luke Luck likes.
Luke Luck takes licks in lakes duck likes.
Phrasing it is grouping of words in a long sentence
breath while speaking.<br />A single bar ( / ) indicates a
stop after a phrase and a double ( / / ) bar a stop after a
sentence.<br />PHRASING<br />
Blending it is saying the words in phrase as if they
were one word.<br />In blending, the final consonant
sound of a word is blended with the initial vowel sound
of the next word.<br />BLENDING<br />
intonation it is the rise and fall of the voice when a
person speaks. The voice rises in a stressed syllable or
word. It falls in an unstressed syllable or word.<br
/>INTONATION<br />
Adjectives are words that describe or modify other
words, making your writing and speaking much more
specific, and a whole lot more interesting. Words like
small, blue, and sharp are descriptive, and they are all
examples of adjectives. Because adjectives are used to
identify or quantify individual people and unique things,
they are usually positioned before the noun or pronoun
that they modify. Some sentences contain multiple
adjectives.
The 3 Different Degrees of Adjectives
Imagine changing the temperature on your air
conditioner. The air conditioner has different degrees of
temperature you can select. Adjectives have different
degrees, as well.
The three degrees of an adjective are positive,
comparative and superlative. When you use them
depends on how many things youre talking about:
A positive adjective is a normal adjective thats
used to describe, not compare. For example: This is
good soup and I am funny.
 A comparative adjective is an adjective thats
used to compare two things (and is often followed by
the word than). For example: This soup is better than
that salad or I am funnier than her.
A superlative adjective is an adjective thats
used to compare three or more things, or to state that
something is the most. For example: This is the best
soup in the whole world or I am the funniest out of all
the other bloggers.
7 Types of English Adjectives
1. Descriptive
A descriptive adjective is probably what you think of
when you hear the word adjective. Descriptive
adjectives are used to describe nouns and pronouns.
Words like beautiful, silly, tall, annoying, loud and nice
are all descriptive adjectives. These adjectives add
information and qualities to the words theyre
modifying. You can find a list of the 25 most commonly
used adjectives at the English Club.
Examples:
The flowers have a smell is just stating a fact, and it
has no adjectives to describe what the flowers or their
smell are like.
The beautiful flowers have a nice smell gives us a lot
more information, with two descriptive adjectives.
You can say The cat is hungry, or The hungry cat. In
both cases, the word hungry is an adjective describing
the cat.
2. Quantitative
Quantitative adjectives describe the quantity of
something.
In other words, they answer the question how much?
or how many? Numbers like one and thirty are this
type of adjective. So are more general words like many,
half and a lot.
Examples:
How many children do you have? I only have one
daughter.
Do you plan on having more kids? Oh yes, I want
many children!
I cant believe I ate that whole cake!
3. Demonstrative
A demonstrative adjective describes which noun or
pronoun youre referring to. These adjectives include
the words:
This Used to refer to a singular noun close to you.
That Used to refer to a singular noun far from you.
These Used to refer to a plural noun close to you.
Those Used to refer to a plural noun far from you.
Demonstrative adjectives always come before the word
theyre modifying.
Sometimes, like when youre responding to a question,
you can leave off the noun being described and only use
the adjective. For example, if someone asks you how
many cakes you want to buy you can respond: I want
to buy two cakes, or you can just say: I want to buy
two.
Examples:
Which bicycle is yours? This bicycle is mine, and that
one used to be mine until I sold it.
4. Possessive
Possessive adjectives show possession. They describe to
whom a thing belongs. Some of the most common
possessive adjectives include:
My Belonging to me
His Belonging to him
Her Belonging to her
Their Belonging to them
 Your Belonging to you
Our Belonging to us
All these adjectives, except the word his, can only be
used before a noun. You cant just say Thats my, you
have to say Thats my pen. When you want to leave
off the noun or pronoun being modified, use these
possessive adjectives instead:
Mine His Hers Theirs Yours Ours
For example, even though saying Thats my is
incorrect, saying Thats mine is perfectly fine.
Examples:
Whose dog is that? Hes mine. Thats my dog.
5. Interrogative
Interrogative adjectives interrogate, meaning that they
ask a question. These adjectives are always followed by
a noun or a pronoun, and are used to form questions.
The interrogative adjectives are:
Which Asks to make a choice between options.
What Asks to make a choice (in general).
Whose Asks who something belongs to.
Other question words, like who or how, arent 7. Articles
adjectives since they dont modify nouns. For example,
you can say whose coat is this? but you cant say
who coat?
Which, what and whose are only considered adjectives
if theyre immediately followed by a noun. The word
which is an adjective in this sentence: Which color is
your favorite? But not in this one: Which is your
favorite color?
Examples:
Which song will you play on your wedding day?
What pet do you want to get?
Whose child is this?
6. Distributive
Distributive adjectives describe specific members out of
a group. These adjectives are used to single out one or
more individual items or people. Some of the most
common distributive adjectives include:
Each Every single one of a group (used to speak
about group members individually).
Every Every single one of a group (used to make
generalizations).
Either One between a choice of two.
Neither Not one or the other between a choice of
two.
Any One or some things out of any number of
choices. This is also used when the choice is irrelevant,
like: it doesnt matter, Ill take any of them.
These adjectives are always followed by the noun or
pronoun theyre modifying.
Examples:
Every rose has its thorn.
Which of these two songs do you like? I dont like
either song.
There are only three articles in the English language: a,
an and the. Articles can be difficult for English learners
to use correctly because many languages dont have
them (or dont use them in the same way).
Although articles are their own part of speech, theyre
technically also adjectives! Articles are used to describe
which noun youre referring to. Maybe thinking of them
as adjectives will help you learn which one to use:
A A singular, general item.
An A singular, general item. Use this before words
that start with a vowel.
The A singular or plural, specific item.
Simply put, when youre talking about something
general, use a and an. When youre speaking about
something specific, use the. A cat can be used to refer
to any cat in the world. The cat is used to refer to the
cat that just walked by.
Heres a quick tip that can sometimes help you decide
which article to use: Try using a demonstrative adjective
before the noun. If it makes sense, use the word the. If
it changes the meaning of what youre trying to say, use
a or an.
For example, if it makes sense to say I dont
understand this question, you can also say I dont
understand the question. On the other hand, it sounds
strange to say I need this tissue because you dont
need that specific tissue. You just need a tissue.
Examples:
The elephants left huge footprints in the sand.
An elephant can weigh over 6,000 pounds!
A Pronoun is defined as a word or phrase that may
be substituted for a noun or noun phrase, which once
replaced, is known as the pronouns antecedent. How is
this possible? In a nutshell, its because pronouns can
do everything that nouns can do. A pronoun can act as a
subject, direct object, indirect object, object of the
preposition, and more.
Types of Pronouns
Pronouns can be divided into numerous categories
including:
Indefinite pronouns those referring to one or
more unspecified objects, beings, or places
Personal pronouns those associated with a
certain person, thing, or group; all except you have
distinct forms that indicate singular or plural number
Reflexive pronouns those preceded by the
adverb, adjective, pronoun, or noun to which they refer,
and ending in self or selves
Demonstrative pronouns those used to
point to something specific within a sentence
Possessive pronouns those designating
possession or ownership
Relative pronouns those which refer to nouns
mentioned previously, acting to introduce an adjective
(relative) clause
Interrogative pronouns those which
introduce a question
Reciprocal pronouns those expressing
mutual actions or relationship; i.e. one another
Intensive pronouns those ending in self or
selves and that serve to emphasize their antecedents
The 3 Cases of Pronoun
Subjective Pronouns
The subjective (or nominative) pronouns are I, you
(singular), he/she/it, we, you (plural), they and who. A
subjective pronoun acts as a subject in a sentence. See
the sentences below for illustration:
I have a big chocolate bar.
You have some ice cream.
He has a cake.
We could have a party.
They could come, too.
Who should be invited?
Objective Pronouns
The objective (or accusative) case pronouns are me, you
(singular), him/her/it, us, you (plural), them and whom.
(Notice that form of you and it does not change.) The
objective case is used when something is being done to
(or given to, etc.) someone. The sentences below show
this use of the objective case:
Give the chocolate to me, please.
Why should I give it to you?
You could give it to him, instead.
Please share it with all of us.
Do we have to share it with them?
Possessive Pronouns
There are two types of possessive pronouns. The first
type is used with nouns my, your (singular), his, her,
your (plural), its, their, our. The other type of pronouns
are sometimes called independent possessive
pronouns, because they can stand alone. They are mine,
yours (singular), his, hers, ours, yours (plural) and theirs.
The possessive pronouns show that something (or
someone) belongs to someone (or something).
Thats my shirt.
That shirt is mine.
The house is theirs.
Its their house.
The dog is scratching its ear.
English Sentence Structure: 4 Types of
English Sentences
Simple Sentence
A simple sentence contains one independent clause.
Whats an independent clause? Its one subject
followed by one verb or verb phrase. It expresses a
single idea.
Examples of simple sentences:
Im happy.
Robert doesnt eat meat.
My brother and I went to the mall last night.
This new laptop computer has already crashed twice.
Notice that a simple sentence isnt necessarily short.
The subject can be a single word like I or Robert, or
it can be a double subject like my brother and I, or it
can be multiple words describing a single person/object,
like This new laptop computer.
Compound Sentence
A compound sentence has two independent clauses
joined by a linking word (and, but, or, so, yet, however).
Each independent clause could be a sentence by itself,
but we connect them with a linking word:
Im happy, but my kids are always complaining.
Robert doesnt eat meat, so Barbara made a special
vegetarian dish for him.
My brother and I went to the mall last night, but we
didnt buy anything.
This new laptop computer has already crashed twice,
and I have no idea why.
Note that each sentence has TWO subjects and TWO
verb phrases.
Complex Sentence
A complex sentence has one independent clause
and one or more dependent clauses.
A dependent clause cannot be a complete
sentence by itself.
Im happy, even though I dont make much
money.
Robert, a friend Ive known since high school,
doesnt eat meat.
My brother and I went to the mall last night,
while my sister stayed home and studied.
This new laptop computer, which I bought
yesterday, has already crashed twice.