CONTENTS

Sl.No. Description Page No.

1 Scope 3

2 Reference Standards ,Specification & Documents 3

3 General Design parameters 3

4 Design considerations 4

5 Minimum nominal conductor area required based on Short circuit current 6

6 Maximum permissible short circuit current of Conductor & Metallic Screen 8

7 Ampacity & Voltage drop Calculations-33kV GIS to HVDT Transformer 10

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1 Scope

This document defines the technical basis and parameters used to calculate the required size of Electrical power Cables to
HVDT Transformer. Single Core (1C) 36kV grade, Copper conductor, XLPE insulated, PVC sheathed, Unarmoured
Cables will be used for all HVDT Transformer Incomers.

2 Reference Standards ,Specification & Documents :

IEC 60502 : Power cables with extruded insulation and their accessories for rated voltages from
1kV up to 30kV.

IEC 60364 : Electrical installations of buildings

IEEE141-1993 :Electric Power Distribution for Industrial Plants

IEC-949 Calculation of thermally permissible short - circuit current

3 General Design parameters :

System details : 33kV, 3 phase, 3 wire, 50Hz, Earthed system

Ambient air temperature : 50 C

Design ambient air temperature for cables in air : 50 C

Ground temperature : 35 C

Maximum admissable conductor temperature at rated : 90 C As per IEC-60502-1 (Page-23)

current for XLPE insulated cables

Maximum admissable conductor temperature under

short circuit condition for XLPE insulated cables : 250 C As per IEC-60502-1 (Page-23)

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4. Design Considerations

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 4. Design considerations

Continuous Current rating capacity, Resistance & Reactance values for 33KV ,Cu., XLPE insulated, PVC sheathed,
4.1
Unarmoured Power cables as mentioned in the cable catalogue are used for calculation (Refer Annexure-1).

4.2 Power factor of 0.8 has been considered.

4.3 Correction factors (Single core cables laid in Air)
As per the attached Annexure-1 (page-63 table-61) it is observed, that for the 33kV cables, the rated currents
of cables at 35 deg.C are mentioned. Hence, the ambient derating factor(K1) for 50 deg. C is 0.85

Group rating Factor K2 = 1.00 (1 trefoil circuit)

Therefore overall ampacity correction factor K = K1 x K2

= 0.85*1
= 0.85

4.4 Maximum Allowable Voltage Drop

IEC 60364-5 recommends a voltage drop of 4% from the origin of consumer installation to the equipment.Maximum
permissible total voltage drop upto equipment end point is considered as 4% as per attached Annexure-6
(IEC-60364-5-52 page-41).

The following are the limits of voltage drop considered for design:
a 33kV GIS to HVDT Transformer incoming power cables is 1%

We have considered one feeder which is having maximum length to calculate the voltage drop and found their values are
negligible and within limit. Hence for similar feeders the calculations deemed to be similar.
a 33kV GIS to HVDT Transformers incoming power cable

4.5 Fault Clearing time considered for various feeders

a 33kV GIS to HVDT Transformers incoming power cables - 1 Sec

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5. Minimum nominal conductor area required based on
Short circuit current

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 5. Minimum nominal conductor area required based on Short circuit current

Maximum permissible short circuit current is calculated as per the guide lines mentioned
in IEC-949 Clause no. 3 (Annexure-4)
Isc = (K*S) *ln(f+/i+)
t
Where,
t = Duration of short-circuit in Sec
K = Constant for the material of conductor (copper)
= 226 (As per IEC-949 table-1)
S = Area of conductor in mm2 (Copper)
f = Final temperature in DegC
= 250 Dec (For XLPE cable)
i = Initial temperature in Deg C
= 90 Dec (For XLPE cable)
= Reciprocal of the temperature coefficient of
resistance of copper at 0 DegC
= 234.5 (As per IEC-949 table-1)
Isc = (226*S)*(LN(250+234.5/90+234.5))
t
= 143xS Amps
t
Hence,Short circuit current in KA Isc = 0.143xS
t

The conductor size is checked for short circuit with the above formula:
S = Isc x t
0.143
Where,
S = Cross sectional area of the cable (mm2)

Isc = Short circuit current in KA

= 40.0 kA

t = Duration of Short circuit in Second

= 1.0 Sec

Hence S = 40*1 / 0.143

= 280 mm2

The cross section area of selected 1Cx500 mm2 Copper cable is higher than the required minimum cross section
area.
The proposed cable size for 33kV GIS to HVDT Transformer incomer feeder is 1Cx500 mm2 Copper cable. Hence,
the above calculation is applicable for all HVDT Transformer Incomers.

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6. Maximum permissible short circuit current of Conductor &
Metallic Screen

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 6. Maximum permissible short circuit current of Conductor & Metallic Screen
6.1 Maximum permissible short circuit current of Conductor (Copper)
Maximum permissible short circuit current shall be carried out as per the guide lines mentioned
in IEC-949 Clause no. 3 (Annexure-4)
Ic = (K*Stc) *ln(f+/i+)
Where, t
t = Duration of short-circuit
= 1.0 Sec
K = Constant for the material of conductor (copper)
= 226 (As per IEC-949 table-1)
Stc = Area of conductor in mm2 (Copper)
= 500
f = Final temperature in DegC
= 250 Dec (For XLPE cable)
i = Initial temperature in Deg C
= 90 Dec (For XLPE cable)
= Reciprocal of the temperature coefficient of
resistance of copper at 0 DegC
= 234.50 (As per IEC-949 table-1)
Hence Ic
= (226*500)/1*SQRT(LN(250+234.5/90+234.5))
= 71.54 kA
The short circuit withstand capacity of selected 1Cx500 mm2 cable Copper conductor is higher than short circuit
current of 40KA for 1Sec.

6.2 Maximum permissible short circuit current of Metallic screen (Copper)

Maximum permissible short circuit current shall be carried out as per the guide lines mentioned
in IEC-949 Clause no. 3 (Annexure-4)
Is = (K*Sts) *ln(f+/i+)
Where, t
t = Duration of short-circuit
= 1.0 Sec
K = Constant for the material of conductor (copper)
= 226 (As per IEC-949 table-1)
Sts = Area of conductor in mm2 (Copper)
= 35 (As per TDS)
f = Final temperature in DegC
= 250 Dec (For XLPE cable)
i = Initial temperature in Deg C
= 90 Dec (For XLPE cable)
= Reciprocal of the temperature coefficient of
resistance of Copper at 0 DegC
= 234 (As per IEC-949 table-1)

Hence Is = (226*35)/1*SQRT(LN(250+234/90+234))
= 5.01 kA

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7. Ampacity & Voltage drop Calculations For 33kV GIS to
HVDT Transformer

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 7. Ampacity & Voltage drop Calculations-33kV GIS to HVDT Transformer
a Input Parameters
Cable From : 33kV GIS
Cable To : HVDT -3
Connected Load -HVDT Transformer rating (P) = 25 MVA
System Voltage (V) = 33 kV
Power factor = 0.8

b Cable Sizing based on Ampacity calculation

Full load current IFLC = P / (1.732 x V)
IFLC = 437.39 Amps
Cable size selected per phase : 1Cx500 mm2 Cu.
No. of runs/Phase = 1
Rated current carrying capacity of the cable (Ic) = 902 Amps (In air As per cable catalogue)
Derating Factor (K) = 0.85 (Refer clause 4.3 page 05 of 15)
Derated current carrying capacity of
= K x Ic x N
the cable(1Run/Phase)
= 767 Amps

The current carrying capacity of the cable 767 Amps is higher than the feeder full load current----->1

c Calculation of Running Voltage Drop

Unit AC resistance of the cable @ 90oC (R) = 0.050 Ohm/kM (As per cable catalogue)
Unit reactance of the cable (X) = 0.100 Ohm/kM (As per cable catalogue)
Load Power Factor - Cos = 0.8
Sin = 0.6
Impedance (Z) = R Cos + X Sin
= 0.100 Ohm/kM
Route length of the cable (L) = 70 m (As per Layout-approx.)
The voltage drop calculations shall be carried out as per the guide lines mentioned in IEEE-141 Clause no. 3.11 (Annexure-
3)

Total Voltage drop (Vd) = SQRT(3) * I *L* [R Cos + X Sin ] / No.of Runs
= SQRT(3)*437.39*70*0.1/1/1000
= 5.30 Volts
% Voltage drop = Vd x 100 / V
= 5.3*100/33*1000
= 0.016 %

Permissible Voltage drop = 1 %

The actual voltage drop is lesser than the permissible voltage drop -----> 2

From 1 & 2, calculation report shows the proposed cables can carry the load current more than required load
current.
The short circuit & Voltage drop also meet the system requirment. Hence, the selected cable 1x1CX500 mm2/Phase
is sufficient.

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