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Procedia CIRP 26 (2015) 30 34
Abstract
The ecology becomes a limiting factor for the sustainable development of the country in general, as well as its certain regions. The issue of
assessment of the level of ecological safety of territories arises.
The article considers the assessment technique of the composite index of Environmental Safety by aggregation of three indicators reflecting
social and economic development, ecological conditions and human capacity of the region. The aggregation is offered to be carried out by
means of the method of multivariate average. Official data of the Federal State Statistics Service is used for the calculation of indicators.
Original aggregate is divided into two or three groups by each indicator and composite index of environmental safety of the region. It makes it
possible to define a place of the region in space of indicators, to identify type of the studied territory by the level of environmental safety and to
develop effective strategies of ecological safety management both for a separate territorial unit and for homogeneous groups.
The suggested methodology makes it possible to obtain rather adequate estimates for main territorial levels of management - municipal,
subjective, district.
2014
2015 The
The Authors.
Authors.Published
Publishedby byElsevier
ElsevierB.V.
B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
Peer-review under responsibility of Assembly Technology and Factory Management/Technische Universitt Berlin.
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Peer-review under responsibility of Assembly Technology and Factory Management/Technische Universitt Berlin.
Keywords: Environmental Safety; Region; Assessment; Environmental Sustainability; Typology; Integrated Indicator.
2212-8271 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Peer-review under responsibility of Assembly Technology and Factory Management/Technische Universitt Berlin.
doi:10.1016/j.procir.2014.08.017
Vladimir V. Glinskiy et al. / Procedia CIRP 26 (2015) 30 34 31
of area of stability of any ecosystem that makes it possible to by the organizations which are situated in the territory of
determine the admissible disturbance value ecosystem load, municipality (excluding small business), thousand rubles;
to define thresholds of stability of concrete ecological systems number of unprofitable organizations, units; specific weight of
[1, 2, 3]. A number of methods and criteria of assessment of profitable organizations, percent; receivables, thousand rubles;
ecological safety were formed within these concepts [see in accounts payable, thousand rubles; commissioning of houses
detail 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]. In particular, the following may be on municipality territories, square meter of total area; number
noted: offered in [9] diversity index of ecosystems which is of issued construction licenses, units; number of municipal
based on the use of remote methods for biodiversity definition bodies of protection of public order, units; number of
by species composition; the integrated indicator "ecological voluntary formations of the population regarding protection of
safety of the region" calculated for Volga federal district. The a public order, units.
ideology of the factorial analysis forms the basis of creation of Block 2. The ecological: current costs of environmental
this indicator. This methodology assumes that ecological protection, thousand rubles; amount of objects with stationary
safety of the region can be conditionally subdivided into two sources of emissions, units; polluting substances from
internal blocks: human impact on environment and medical- stationary sources total, one thousand tons; number of
demographic characteristics of the region. Each block is enterprises for utilization and processing of household and
presented by a set of the most informative selected indicators, industrial waste, units; cultivated areas of crops in farms of all
used for carrying out further calculations; rating of subjects of categories, hectare.
Volga federal district is carried out on the results of Block 3. Human capacity: general coefficient of birth rate,
calculations [7]; the methodology of ranging of objects by the permille; general mortality rate, permille; number of children
level of ecological safety. visiting preschool educational organizations, for the end of
Criteria of ecological safety form the basis of this fiscal year, people; number of trainees in the general education
methodology: criterion of assessment of level of stability of organizations (without evening (shift) general education
environment, criterion of assessment of level of autoregulation organizations), people; number of engaged in children's and
of environment, criterion of assessment of level of influence youth sports schools, people [11].
of projected economic entity on population health, criterion of The similar system can be constructed in several territorial
assessment of level of environmental friendliness of technical sections: by municipalities of all subjects of the Russian
and technological solutions of economic entity, criterion of Federation (RF), by territorial subjects of the Russian
assessment of a level of quality of environment in target area Federation, by the federal districts of the Russian Federation,
[6]; classification of methods of ensuring the ecological indicators are given for 2008-2012.
safety, offered by T.A. Horuzhaya [3]. Practically all modern
methodologies and algorithms have one thing in common - Methodology and tools
their individual character: the solution of a private task, use of
expert estimates, labor input of obtaining necessary The assessment of ecological safety of the region is based
information, assessment of one component of ecological on three spheres of activity of society: ecological conditions,
safety environment. Therefore, results of such research are, human capacity and social and economic development of the
as a rule, incomparable, difficult to check, it is almost region. It makes it possible to calculate the composite index of
impossible to repeat them on other entity. Environmental Safety, based on a complex assessment of
three indicators: level of social and economic development,
The system of indicators level of ecological conditions and level of human
development.
Official data of the Federal State Statistics Service (FSSS) Indicators and a composite index calculated in a
is used as data base in the research. Formation of system of multivariate average [12, p. 64-65]. Inconsistency between
indicators of municipalities across the Novosibirsk region is measurement units and their various influence on the level of
realized by the qualitative analysis taking into account ecological safety are features of initial amount of data. These
specifics of the observed object. A number of parameters shortcomings can be eliminated in various ways. Various
meeting the requirements of availability, measurability, influence is excluded by substitution of a sign for the opposite
compliance, sufficiency, complexity, reliability and one by those signs which negatively influence an integrated
comparability [see in detail 10] was selected. Indicators are index.
aggregated in three blocks. Indicators standardization (or rationing) procedure is
Block 1. Social and economic development: number of carried out to avoid different measurement units:
doctors of all specialties (excluding dentists) in healthcare norm
xij (1)
xij
institutions, person; power of outpatient and polyclinic max xij
j
establishments, visits per shift; number of preschool
educational institutions for the end of fiscal year, units; or
number of establishments of cultural and leisure type, units; s tan d
xij x j
x
number of sports constructions - total, units; number of ij
Vj
. (2)
children's and youth sports schools, units; investments into
fixed capital at the expense of means of the municipal budget, Here xijnorm - normalized value of j -th sign, which is
thousand rubles; investments into the fixed capital, carried out
possessed by i -th object,
32 Vladimir V. Glinskiy et al. / Procedia CIRP 26 (2015) 30 34
The methodology of estimation of level of ecological safety 21 Severny area 0.216 0.581 0.228 0.342
is tested on actual data on municipalities of Novosibirsk 22 Suzunsky area 0.369 0.388 0.441 0.399
region for 2012. Indicators and composite index of 23 Tatarsky area 0.379 0.482 0.392 0.418
Environmental safety are presented in table 1. 24 Toguchinsky area 0.370 0.458 0.584 0.471
25 Ubinsky area 0.199 0.458 0.143 0.267
Classification of municipal entities
26 Ust-Tarksky area 0.307 0.533 0.277 0.372
Breakdown of aggregate of municipalities into uniform 27 Chanovsky area 0.319 0.510 0.348 0.392
types is carried out in three ways: with use of typological 28
Cherepanovsky
0.323 0.313 0.570 0.402
grouping; by method of cluster analysis; on the basis of area
C_15 5
C_13
C_3
C_5
C_12
C_4 4
C_10
C_29
C_30
C_27
C_14 3
C_26
C_23
C_16
C_32 2
C_21
C_6
C_25
C_33
C_34 1
C_17
C_9
C_18
C_35
C_7 0
C_11 0,20 0,25 0,30 0,35 0,40 0,45 0,50 0,55 0,60 0,65 0,70 0,75
C_24
C_28
C_19 Category (upper limits)
C_31
12
10 References
8
6
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The suggested methodology, based on use of blocks of
indicators of the state statistics, makes it possible to obtain
rather adequate estimates for main territorial levels of