DESIGN OF RIGID PAVEMENT FOR INDUSTRIAL FOCAL POINT NABHA (NEW) SCHEME

1. Introduction. General Manager (Planning) Punjab Small Industries and Export Corporation has taken up a job
of developing an Industrial Focal Point in Chandigarh. The facility will have internal roads for commercial and
residential activities. The roads are of three types. Two of the roads 80 ft wide and 60 ft wide with commercial
traffic and 45 ft wide road will have residential traffic. In absence of the traffic survey and statistical analysis the
traffic assessment has been done and design is prepared based on the outcome of that.

2. Inputs from Client. Details provided for the road types are as under:-

S.No. Type of Road ROW Road Median Pavement

Width type
1 Arterial Road 80 ft 33 ft Nil Rigid
2 Sub Arterial Road 60 ft 22 ft Nil Rigid
3 Residential Road 45 ft 16 ft Nil Rigid

3. Assumptions.
In order to proceed with the design of the pavement, following assumptions are considered

S.No Description Arterial and Sub Residential

Arterial Road Road
1 Annual Rainfall Moderate rainfall Moderate rainfall
area area
2 Water Table Low Low
3 Water logging Nil Nil
4 Total Traffic 350 & 300 250
5 Traffic Growth Rate 5.00% 5.00%
6 Design life 30 30

4. Design Considerations.
Following parameters are considered for design of pavement as per IRC guidelines.
S.No. Description Value
1. Grade of Concrete 45
2. Flexural strength of Concrete, kg/cm2 46.96
3. Soaked CBR 3.3%
4. Elastic Modulus of Concrete, kg/cm2 300000
5. Poisson's ratio 0.15
6. Coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete 0.000010
7. Tyre pressure 8
8. Growth rate of traffic, kg/cm2 5.0%
9. Design Life, Years 30
10. Proportion of trucks plying along edge 1.5
Single Axle With Single Wheel,
11. Type of Vehicle Single Axle with Dual Wheels,
Tandem Axle
5. Design of Pavement. Design has been carried out based on IRC guidelines. Following steps are taken for the
design of the pavement separately for Industrial Traffic and Residential Area.
5.1. The soil investigation report provided with CBR value at the formation level. The subgrade modulus was
derived from IRC table.
5.2. The selection of the sub-base was done to improve the CBR value. DLC was selected to further improve
the CBR value.
5.3. Cumulative repetitions of traffic was calculated based on the assumed cvpd, estimated life of pavement
and rate of increase of traffic.
5.4. Expected repetitions were worked out based on axle load class assuming percentage traffic for different
load class.
5.5. Finally the fatigue life was checked for considering the various values of thickness of pavement and
modulus of rupture.
5.6. After several iterations optimum value of the pavement thickness and strength of concrete were
considered.

6. Assessment of Traffic. In absence of the traffic survey the traffic assessment has been carried out for
industrial area and residential area. The details of the traffic data as tabulated below:-
6.1. For Arterial roads (80Wide)
Axle Load Spectrum
Axle SF*Axle % of axle Expected Stress, Stress Allowable Damage
Load, t Load, t load Repetition kg/cm2 Ratio Repetition Ratio
Single Axle With Single Wheel
20 20 10.00% 212189 18.0 0.38 INFINITE 0.000
18 18 10.00% 212189 17.5 0.37 INFINITE 0.000
16 16 5.00% 106095 16.0 0.34 INFINITE 0.000
14 14 5.00% 106095 14.5 0.31 INFINITE 0.000
12 12 5.00% 106095 12.5 0.27 INFINITE 0.000
10 10 5.00% 106095 11.0 0.23 INFINITE 0.000
8 8 5.00% 106095 8.0 0.17 INFINITE 0.000
45.00%
Single Axle with Dual Wheels
24 24 10.00% 212189 22.5 0.48 240000 0.884
22 22 10.00% 212189 21.0 0.45 62790000 0.003
20 20 10.00% 212189 18.0 0.38 INFINITE 0.000
18 18 5.00% 106095 17.5 0.37 INFINITE 0.000
16 16 5.00% 106095 16.0 0.34 INFINITE 0.000
14 14 5.00% 106095 14.5 0.31 INFINITE 0.000
12 12 5.00% 106095 12.5 0.27 INFINITE 0.000
10 10 5.00% 106095 11.0 0.23 INFINITE 0.000
55.00%
Tandem Axle
40 40 0.00% 0 15.0 0.32 INFINITE 0.000
36 36 0.00% 0 14.8 0.32 INFINITE 0.000
32 32 0.00% 0 12.5 0.27 INFINITE 0.000
28 28 0.00% 0 11.0 0.23 INFINITE 0.000
24 24 0.00% 0 10.0 0.21 INFINITE 0.000
20 20 0.00% 0 9.5 0.20 INFINITE 0.000
16 16 0.00% 0 7.0 0.15 INFINITE 0.000
12 12 0.00% 0 5.8 0.12 INFINITE 0.000
0.00%
6.2. For Sub Arterial roads (60 wide)
Axle Load Spectrum
Axle SF*Axle % of axle Expected Stress, Stress Allowable Damage
Load, t Load, t load Repetition kg/cm2 Ratio Repetition Ratio
Single Axle With Single Wheel
20 20 5.00% 181876 20.0 0.43 INFINITE 0.000
18 18 5.00% 181876 18.0 0.38 INFINITE 0.000
16 16 5.00% 181876 16.0 0.34 INFINITE 0.000
14 14 5.00% 181876 15.0 0.32 INFINITE 0.000
12 12 10.00% 363753 13.0 0.28 INFINITE 0.000
10 10 10.00% 363753 11.5 0.24 INFINITE 0.000
8 8 10.00% 363753 9.0 0.19 INFINITE 0.000
50.00%
Single Axle with Dual Wheels
24 24 10.00% 363753 24.0 0.51 485000 0.750
22 22 10.00% 363753 22.0 0.47 5200000 0.070
20 20 5.00% 181876 20.0 0.43 INFINITE 0.000
18 18 5.00% 181876 18.0 0.38 INFINITE 0.000
16 16 5.00% 181876 16.0 0.34 INFINITE 0.000
14 14 5.00% 181876 15.0 0.32 INFINITE 0.000
12 12 5.00% 181876 13.0 0.28 INFINITE 0.000
10 10 5.00% 181876 11.5 0.24 INFINITE 0.000
50.00%
Tandem Axle
40 40 0.00% 0 16.0 0.34 INFINITE 0.000
36 36 0.00% 0 15.0 0.32 INFINITE 0.000
32 32 0.00% 0 12.5 0.27 INFINITE 0.000
28 28 0.00% 0 11.0 0.23 INFINITE 0.000
24 24 0.00% 0 10.0 0.21 INFINITE 0.000
20 20 0.00% 0 9.5 0.20 INFINITE 0.000
16 16 0.00% 0 7.0 0.15 INFINITE 0.000
12 12 0.00% 0 5.8 0.12 INFINITE 0.000
0.00%

6.3. For Residential road (45 wide)

Axle Load Spectrum
Axle SF*Axle % of axle Expected Stress, Stress Allowable Damage
Load, t Load, t load Repetition kg/cm2 Ratio Repetition Ratio
Single Axle With Single Wheel
20 20 0.00% 0 26.0 0.55 124000 0.000
18 18 0.00% 0 24.0 0.51 485000 0.000
16 16 5.00% 151564 22.5 0.48 2400000 0.063
14 14 5.00% 151564 19.0 0.40 INFINITE 0.000
12 12 10.00% 303127 17.5 0.37 INFINITE 0.000
10 10 20.00% 606254 14.5 0.31 INFINITE 0.000
8 8 20.00% 606254 12.0 0.26 INFINITE 0.000
60.00%
Single Axle with Dual Wheels
24 24 0.00% 0 28.5 0.61 23400 0.000
22 22 0.00% 0 28.0 0.60 30900 0.000
20 20 0.00% 0 26.0 0.55 124000 0.000
18 18 0.00% 0 24.0 0.51 485000 0.000
16 16 10.00% 303127 22.5 0.48 2400000 0.000
14 14 10.00% 303127 19.0 0.40 INFINITE 0.000
12 12 10.00% 303127 17.5 0.37 INFINITE 0.000
10 10 10.00% 303127 14.5 0.31 INFINITE 0.000
40.00%
7. Pavement Joints and Other Design Criterias (Design Table )

The joints are provided all as per the IRC guidelines. Expansion joints are provided at 18 mtr length of the road..

S.No. Description Arterial Sub-Arterial Residential

Road Road Road
1. Effective modulus of sub grade, , kg/cm2/cm 2.8 2.8 2.8
2. Thickness of Granular Sub Base Coarse, mm 150 100 100
3. Thickness of Wet Mix Macadam, mm 150 150 150
4. Thickness of DRLC, mm 100 100 100
5. Effective modulus of Sub grade GSB/WMM, kg/cm /cm 2
5.3 4.4 4.4
6. Effective modulus of sub grade of DRLC, kg/cm2/cm 25.8 18.0 18.0
7. Length of Panel (Spacing of Construction Joint), cm 400 450 350
8. Width of Panel, cm 250 335 245
9. Thickness of PQC, mm 300 300 250
10. Radius of Relative Stiffness, cm 71.927 78.701 68.642
11. Average Annual Daily Traffic, CVPD 350 300 250
12. Cumulative No. of Axles, CVPD 8487562 7275053 6062544
13. Assumed no. Of Repetitions, % 25 50 50
14. Design Traffic 2121891 3637527 3031272

8. Checks for various Stresses

The Stress ratios were found out using IRC charts and values were applied to expected repetitions of the vehicle
plying on the road. The cumulative fatigue life consumed was worked out. The details of the values determined
are as shown in table below:-

S.No. Description Arterial Sub-Arterial Residential Limit

Road Road Road
1. Check for Damage Ratio 0.89 0.82 0.06 1.00
Check for Temperature
2. 36.48 43.43 32.64 46.96
Stress and Axial stress
3. Check for Corner Stresses 39.91 39.92 38.33 46.96

9. Dowel bars and Tie Bars

S.No. Description Arterial Sub-Arterial Residential

Road Road Road
1. Dia. of Deformed Tie Bar, mm 12 12 10
2. Spacing of Tie Bars, cm 80 60 70
3. Length of Tie Bars, cm 70 70 60
4. Dia. of Dowel Bars, mm 32 32 25
5. Length of Dowel Bars, cm 50 50 50
6. No of Dowel Bars 6 6 6
7. Spacing of Dowel Bars, cm 5, 15 5, 15 5, 15