Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Penulis:
Dr. Ir. Asnath M. Fuah, MS
Dr. Rudy Priyanto
Ir. Hotnida C.H. Siregar, MS
Winarno, SP
......................
Copyrigth 2016
Penerbit........
ISBN: .......................
TABLE OF CONTENT
Introduction
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION...............................................................
Agro Edu Tourism of Faculty of Animal Sciences of IPB (AET Fapet IPB)
Purpose of Campus Agro Edu Tourism .........................................
CHAPTER V. EVALUATION..................................................................
Everyone knows IPB which stands for Institut Pertanian Bogor or the Bogor
Institute of Agriculture. We must all have heard of the institution of higher
education, right? IPB was previously under the auspices of Universitas
Indonesia (UI) with its two faculties. On September 1 st, 1963, it separated from
UI and the day was since then anniversary of IPB. In 2000, the campus which
was previously located in Baranangsiang, was moved to Darmaga.
Well, IPB deserves to be proud. Why? Because one of its faculties, the
Faculty of Animal Sciences (Fapet), was once visited by Prince Akishino from
Japan on Monday, January 21st, 2008. Wow, that was great ! Having a prince
from an industrialized country visit the campus was really something. During
his visit to the campus in IPB at Jalan Darmaga, Bogor, the second son of the
Japanese Emperor, Akihito, received an award of Senior Researcher and
Observer of Matis Chicken of Indonesia. The award was presented by then
Dean of the Faculty of Animal Sciences, Dr Ir Luki Abdullah MScAgr, witnessed
by then Rector of IPB, Dr Ir Herry Suhardiyanto MSc; while Prince Akishino
and his spouse, Princess Kiko, were accompanied by then Japanese
Ambassador to Indonesia and then Indonesian Ambassador to Japan.
IPB presented the award to the 3 rd heir of the Japanese throne as a senior
researcher and observer of Indonesian matis chicken at IPB, in 1993. The
prince, whose original name was Fumisito, received a PhD title in ornithology
from the Faculty of Post Graduate for Further Studies in October 1996. His
doctoral dissertation was entitled Foligeni Molekuler dari Ayam Hutan, Genus
Gallus dan Asal Usul Monofletik dari Ayam Domestik. He conducted the field
research among others in Indonesia in 1993.
Shortly after the Japanese Princes visit, IPB launched the Agro-Edu
Tourism of the Faculty of Animal Sciences of IPB (further called AET Fapet
IPB) in May 2008. AET Fapet IPB then became a reliable program of the
Faculty of Animal Sciences so that the Faculty serves not only as a place to
study for the students, but also provides educational activities which is open
for public, from students of primary schools, junior high schools, senior high
schools, to people in general, and at the same time as a source of income
generating for the Faculty.
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Who does not like travelling? Enjoying the mountain breeze, the sunshine
on the coast, or spoiling the eyes with the beauty of the cities are gifts and
blessings from a moment off fatigue. Some like to travel alone, some others
prefer to travel with their friends or family. Travelling is about meeting the
desires to see new sceneries which have never been seen before.
Tourism business is one of the businesses with great potentials to develop
as it can be integrated with a variety of other sectors, such as agriculture,
animal husbandry, and forestry, known as agro-ecotourism. The development
system of agro-ecotourism is related to some inputs that form the system. The
inputs include the agriculture, consisting of production, human resources, and
the natural charm of the environment; the exogenous, consisting of
regulations, geographical situation, the peoples social culture; and the
tourism, consisting of tourism business, promotion, transportation, and
investment in the tourism supporting facilities.
Agro Edu Tourism Faculty of Animal Sciences of IPB (AET Fapet IPB)
Now let us talk more specifically about AET Fapet IPB. The campus has all
the facilities and infrastructure required to develop agro edu-tourism.
Considering the significant increase of demands on agriculture tourism for
education, the Bogor Institute of Agriculture (IPB), as an internatonal-level
higher education institution in Indonesia, has an intention to make a new
innovation. The innovation is called Agro-Edu Tourism (AET) based on livestock
technology. Development of the innovation is based on the problems in
Indonesia that agro tourism is currently oriented more on areas in the
outskirts. Therefore, Agro-Edu Tourism exists as a solution to the problem. It is
hoped that IPBs Agro-Edu Tourism will be a pioneer for others that also have
an idea to develop such innovation in their respective area.
Animals are a commodity potential to be developed for agro tourism as they
have unique and interesting characters and characteristics; for example,
feeding cows, milking cows/goats, shaving fleece, lambs and mencit race. Most
of us, especially those who live in the urban areas, may have never done it
before, not even imagined it. Take other examples: making products from
animals, such as sausages, meatballs, pasteurized milk and caramel milk.
Maybe most of us have never known how the products are processed and just
buy them in shops or rmarkets instead. Such activities must be interesting for
AET tourists. In addition, these activities will fulfill many aspects, from
education, hobby, to entertainment. As a dynamic object, animals are unique
and entertaining. There are also various products from animals with
guaranteed nutritional quality and specific and favored flavors.
However, what is actually the definition of agro tourism? According to the
basic words, agro and tourism, agro tourism is a tourism activity which
takes advantage of the agrobusiness as a tourist object. Or, in a simpler way,
agro tourism can be defined as to travel to agricultural areas. The concept of
agro is indeed quite vast. In brief, the potentials of agro tourism include
plantations, crops and horticulture, animal husbandry, and fishery.
Development of the Agro Edu-Tourism concept based on animal husbandry
technology in IPB is one of the alternatives which are prospective enough to
respond to internal and external needs. The Faculty of Animal Sciences is
currently developing sciences through production and livestock-processing
laboratories potential in agro edu-tourism development.
Physically, the total land area managed by the Faculty of Animal Sciences
is 10 hectares. The area has various facilities of complete field laboratories,
such as stalls for dairy cattle, beef cattle, goats, lambs, rabbits, birds, white
mice, and a garden for a collection of animal feed. The high rainfall in Bogor is
another supporting factor.
So, after getting to know what agro tourism is, the Faculty of Animal
Sciences of IPB has a noble purpose to develop AET innovation as has been
previously described. AET will be developed in IPBs own campus area. What is
actually the purpose? It is for IPB to improve and develop facilities and
infrastructure to develop the agro tourism program. In addition, visitors who
come to the campus for agro tourism can obtain knowledge and do recreation
at the same time. Having set the purpose, the Faculty of Animal Scieces of IPB
is present to bridge the peoples wish and need by increasing the knowledge on
animal sciences. Not just recreation, visitors will broaden their insight.
As told at the beginning of the article, Prince Akishino visited the Faculty of
Animal Sciences of IPB in 1993 for research and observation on chicken. Well,
there are many other foreigners who visit the campus for educational purposes.
What about local people? Quite a lot! Visitors visit the campus every single day:
students of primary school, junior high school, senior high school, universities,
to people in general. So, it can be said that development of the campus tour at
the Faculty of Animal Sciences of IPB was initiated based on the experiences
and visits of its partners, with the purpose of learning, comparative study,
observation, and research. Such an activity can create the campus
independence by managing the livestock resources in the form of business
activities to support income generating. If it succeeds, IPB can become a role
model for campus educational and scientific tour based on the animal
husbandry technology.
Development of the educational and scientific tour based on the animal
husbandry technology has some purposes, including (a) To set up a business
unit of educational and scientific tour based on animal husbandry technology
by optimizing the effective use of IPBs resources and assets; (b) To encourage
development of an applicative animal husbandry technology which supports
the campus educational and recreational program and activities; (c) To develop
facilities for agro edu-tourism for the people through a partnership program
and direct transfer of knowledge and applicative technology; (d) To develop an
information centre of agro tourism for educational institutions, including
primary and secondary educational institutions, and the public; (e) To develop
animal attractions for recreation and to encourage entrepreneurship activities
for the civitas academica and the people; (f) To create the campus
independence through the management of livestock resources in the form of
business activities to support income generating; and (g) To create a role model
for the campus educational tour based on animal husbandry technology.
After knowing the agro tourism planned by the Faculty of Animal Sciences
of IPB, it is now time to know how the Faculty realizes the campus tourist
attraction.
It is undeniable that there will be a lot of school children visiting the place
to broaden their insight. Students from kindergartens and primary schools,
high schools and higher education, to people in general will hopefully race to
increase their knowledge at AET Fapet IPB. Due to the different stages of the
education and age, the facilities provided are also different. For kindergarten
and primary school students, there are games and contests; for high school
students, competitions and practices/demonstration are provided; while for
students of higher education and people in general, the Faculty provides
training facilities and competitions. This way, the campus can serve as a
learning and practicing place at a time. In this case, the sciences learned are
related to agriculture in general and animal sciences in particular.
For those who study up to the higher education, it may be admittable that
the campus is only used as a learning and practicing place. Art is never
presented to learn various sciences, especially those related to the agriculture
in general and the animal sciences in particular. If the sciences learned are
applied with an applicative approach, the objects learned will be easier to
understand.
Tourism is one of the economy sectors that grows the most rapidly in the
world. It is no wonder then if many countries depend on tourism as the main
source of income. Why is that so? We should know that tourism is a sector that
is tightly related to other sectors, such as economy, ecology, politics, social,
culture, and so on. That is why if a countrys tourism is well managed, the
other sectors will be positively affected.
Then, what actually makes the tourism industry attractive to visitors? We
must know that there are five elements able to attract visitors, including
attraction, facilities, infrastructure, transportation, and hospitality.
The first element that attracts visitors is attraction. It can be distinguished
into site attraction and event attraction. What is site attraction? In a simple way,
it is a permanent tourist object which is attractive for visitors. The simplest
examples of tourist sites are beaches, zoos, and museums. Event attraction is a
temporary and mobile tourist object. We can find such attractions in festivals,
exhibitions, or concerts.
Visitors who come to a tourist object are not necessarily those who live
close to the location. Therefore, the second element is a close facility to the
tourist object. Many tourist sites force visitors to stay overnight. Lodgements
must therefore be provided. In addition, tourist sites must also consider
providing support industries. What are included in these industries? Tourists
know them as souvenir shops, laundries, guides, festival areas and recreation
facilities.
Basically, in choosing a tourist site, visitors will first consider the basic
infrastructure of the area. If the basic infrastructure is not sufficient, the
tourist attraction and facilities are not easily accessible. However,
infrastructure development of an area is enjoyed by both tourists as well as the
surrounding people.
The first thing included in the basic infrastructure is transportation.
Sufficient transportation is quite needed to manage a tourist site as it
determines the distance and time of a trip. It will be better if tourists are
provided with choices of transportation, whether it is land, air, or sea
transportation.
Not to be forgotten of a tourist sites basic infrastructure are security and
protection guarantee. A tourist site must pay special attention to foreign
tourists. These foreigners need to get a picture of how the tourist site that they
will visit. The tourist site does not certainly want to be embarrassed due to a
case related to security, does it? So, security and protection must be provided,
as well as the peoples tenacity and hospitality as a tour resource which must
be considered.
Scopes
Prior to the establishment of AET Fapet IPB, the agro tourism potentials
had to be selected first to be developed in the Campus. The scope and
potentials of agro tourism to be built are plantation, crops and horticulture,
animal husbandry, and fishery.
If we talk about plantation tourist sites, what may be attractive are the
historical aspect of the related plantation; the location of the plantation mostly
located in mountains that provide beautiful sceneries and fresh air; the
traditional way of planting; the maintenance, management, and process; as
well as the technical development of the existing management.
Attractions of crops and horticulture as agro tourism objects include
flowers, fruits, and vegetables gardens, medicinal and traditional medicinal
plants. The activities process starts from pre-harvest, harvest, to post-harvest
attractions as well as processing the products and marketing which can also be
agro tourism objects.
In raising animals, what may be interesting to see are the pattern to raise
animals, the traditional way to raise animals, cultivating animals, and the
system of raising animals. In addition, the attractions of raising animals
include the uniqueness of the management, production, and processing the
products. The livestock itself is a strong attraction which is not to be forgotten.
Fishery has its own attraction. It includes from the cultivation to the post-
harvest process as well as other activities, such as fishing which are all
attractive for tourists.
From the potentials described above, IPB has eventually decided to create
and develop Agro-Edu Tourism, AET, which is focused on agro tourism.
Presentation of the tour can be indoor and outdoor, or a combination of both.
Indoor tour consists of animal husbandry tour, plants tour, culinary tour,
and recreation tour. The Faculty of Animal Sciences of IPB expects to create an
activity that is close to the learning process of new and existing things in the
surrounding area. AET Fapet IPB offers learning activities, such as
introducing animals, processed products of animals, loving local products,
motivating the visitors to raise animals, to make grow entrepreneurship in
animal husbandry, and preserving animals. It is not only for students who
want to gain knowledge, but also for people in general.
Agro Edu-Tourism
For most people, their knowledge on animal sciences, and the various
technologies and products are still limited. AET Fapet IPB is therefore an
opportunity to provide information and knowledge on how important is the
aspect of animal sciences in human life. Who knows that sciences related to
the production and technology of animal sciences appear to be interesting to
learn? It is undeniable that the Faculty of Animal Sciences of IPB dares to take
this step to introduce and develop an integrated program of campus tour.
So, if we want to learn and to do business, to innovate, and to have
recreation at a time, AET Fapet IPB is the right choice! It exists to bridge the
peoples wish and need with the governments program in increasing the
peoples knowledge in animal sciences.
In managing AET Fapet IPB, IPB must first make an assessment on the
policy plan to be applied for the tour. The policy plan includes how the tour will
be managed, how to minimize the impacts, and gow to make the development
pattern and direction. In the realization, it requires a back-up plan, such as
how to process the land, how to develop non-existing and existing plants, how
to cultivate the plants, and other plannings.
There are applicable policy basics to make an assessment of the plan,
including:
a. The natural and socio-cultural environment must be a basic to dvelop
tourism without endangering the preservation;
b. The agro edu tourism depends on the quality of the good natural and socio-
cultural environment. Both are a foundation to increase the local economy
and the quality of the peoples life from tourism industry;
c. The existence of a managing organization is maintained related to good
management from and for the tourists, to exchange information, and
management with tour operators, local community, and to develop economic
potentials;
d. In the AET area, tourists can enjoy facilities and activities that provide new
knowledge in doing tours. Not every need of the tourists can be fulfilled due
to the possible expectations of the tourists that do not meet with the related
condition;
e. Tourists tend to expect a good quality of services according to the cost they
spend. They are not necessarily interested in low cost services;
f. Tourists tend to have a variety of desires, depending on their
characteristics;
g. Planning must be more rapidly perfected and made in line with tourism
development, including to inventory existing components around the AET
area, especially those affecting the tourists needs.
A tourist object must also fulfill 4P analysis, namely Product, Price, Place,
and Promotion.
Product is simply something that is offered to consumers. Product can be
tangible and intangible or a combination of both. The product offered by AET
Fapet IPB is a package of tour, education, and services to the visitors who buy
it.
Price can be competitive with the price which is set by a competitor of the
same product. To set a price whether it is cheap, moderate, or expensive
depends on the offered facilities. Things to consider when setting a price
include the educative tour package. It must always be remembered that setting
the price is oriented at the target market. It would be better if if a tourist site
manager gives choices of packages so that tourists who will visit it can choose
a package offered according to the need. The offered product provides more
benefits compared to the products offered by other travel agents, and provides
no special tariff.
A place is simply a place where consumers can look for information, get an
explanation, or make a purchase of the products offered.
Promotion is a way to inform to tourists about a tourist site product offered.
What is included in information about promotion? One of the things related to
promotion is the place where tourists can make a purchase of the product. The
manager must also understand how to promote a tour package product at the
right time and media. The purpose is for the tourist site offered to be known or
compared with other tour package products. Tourists will therefore know the
quality of the product, the price offered, advantages of the products offered,
and services provided.
Then, it is about time for the manager to learn about 4A approach analysis,
namely Attraction, Accessibility, Amenity, and Activity. The purpose of this
analysis is that during the implementation, the program which has been
planned can be achieved and right to the target as intended.
Market Analysis
Now let us talk a little bit more about theory. A marketing strategy is used
to achieve a companys goal by developing its excellence through the market.
To set a marketing strategy, a marketing analysis is first required. The analysis
includes an analysis of the environment, competitors, and stipulation of the
segments, targets, and positioning.
The company must divide the market and choose the most suitable market
so that the designed strategy is applicable to the selected segment. The process
involves market segmentation, stipulation of the market target, differentiation
and market positioning.
Market segmentation has different consumers based on the need,
characteristics, and behaviours where the consumers possibly need separated
market products or programs. Following the stipulation of the market
segmentation, the company can evaluate the attractions of the market segment
and choose one or more segments to enter. Market positioning is the
arrangement of a product to have a clear, different, and intended position in
the thoughts of the target consumers. To distinguish positioning of the
products with the competitors, a differentiation is first needed to give an
additional and different value to the consumers. After the positioning, the
company can finally make a presentation to the consumers.
What must be in a tour package? First, it is certainly the price of the tour
package. Considerations in determining the price of a tour package include
transportation cost, accommodation, meals, parking tariff, road tax, guides,
and profit of the package. Second, it is the itinerary which includes the
departure schedule, tourist objects, duration of the visit, accommodation, and
the homecoming schedule.
In terms of the tourists, a tour package must also be divided into three
segments: children, teenagers, and adults or general. Why is it segmented? The
aim is to simplify tour operators in providing services and facilities.
Talking about AET Fapet IPB, its concept is to organize an educative tour
which broadens experiences, knowledge on nature and animal sciences, and
provides recreation, and indoor and outdoor activities.
Fortunately, the Faculty of Animal Sciences of IPB has a large campus. The
Faculty has a variety of facilities and rooms consisting of administration rooms,
classrooms, and analysis laboratories as well as livestock processing. In
addition, it also has field laboratories consisting of a slaughterhouse, an
animal feed processing unit, a livestock processing unit, an amphitheatre, and
closed stalls. There is also an open air field with an animal feed garden, a
grazing field, and open stalls. These are all located in one area at the Faculty of
Animal Sciences of IPB.
Tour activities can take place in both open as well as closed areas. Indoor
activities include in laboratories, classrooms, and closed stalls. While outdoor
activities include in the animal feed garden, grazing field. And open stalls. A
connecting road simplifies mobilization from the building facilities to the field
laboratories.
Taking AET Fapet IPB tour, off course, visitors want to know anything
about animal sciences. Activities in which they can take part are to know
various types of livestock, to learn the production characteristics, and to even
take control of the animals, to feed the animals, and to milking. Especially for
chidren, they will have fun seeing tiny and cute pets, such as rabbits, white
mice, hamsters, cockroaches, silkworms, and butterflies.
Visitors can also visit the grazing field. The field is a habitat for ruminant
animals, such as cows, sheep, lambs, and buffaloes. Visitors can observe
activities of the ruminant animals. Children, in particular, will find the
activities funny and enjoyable.
The slaughterhouse at the Campus slaughters some 40 cows everyday. This
facility is another attraction for teenagers and adults as they see how it is
diffult to handle animals before, during, and after the slaughtering process.
In the livestock products processing unit, visitors can observe the
production process of processed food, a favorite of every family. The processed
products are known as meatballs, nuggets, sausages, pasterurised milk,
youghurt, and even salted eggs. Then, visitors will have time of a direct practice
of the process and take the processed food home. In this unit, visitors can also
see the process of making organic fertilizer from animal waste. Not many
people know that such waste can be processed into energy. So, visitors can
also see the process of converting animal waste into bioenergy, such as cooking
gas and bioelectric for lighting.
There are many recreations that children will enjoy when thy visit the
tourist site. They can join an animals drawing and coloring competition, or a
quiz on animals. They can also participate in chickens and rabbits catching
game, a mice and hamsters race, fleecing, or imitating animals voice and
movement. Thus, children will not get bored during the tour as they will be
kept busy with the attractions.
Indoor, visitors can see and learn things in the laboratories. There are
demonstrations of the process and equipment related to animal sciences. For
example, animal feeding, milking, and livestock processing.
A film or slides will be presented inside the tourist site. It helps visitors in
learning a certain thing, such as the anatomy of an animals body through
visuals.
More interesting is that AET Fapet IPB provides outbond activities for
visitors. The activities are available for any age from children to adults. The
outbond activities that visitors can enjoy include a visit to the stalls, games at
the grazing field, and catching animals.
Not wanting the visitors go home empty-handed, AET Fapet IPB provides a
training module prepared by a team of lecturers and technicians in charge of
their respective unit. The module will be distributed to every visitor, one
module for each activity. Visitors are allowed to bring the modules home for
theie family and friends to also learn new things. The training modules which
have been prepared include a training module of slaughterhouse management,
beef cattle cultivation, waste processing, milk processing, meat processing,
eggs and meat processing, honey bees cultivation, and earthworms cultivation.
The frontline of a tourist site is the guides. Thanks to them, visitors will
obtain more knowledge. Without any guide, visitors can only see the scenery
and obtain not much knowledge. Therefore, there must be a training program
especially for the guides. They are asked to be active, sensitive, and responsive
to visitors demands. In addition, the guides must also be friendly, cheerful,
and off course, have knowledge in animal sciences.
To increase soft skill of the human resources, a workshop for the human
resources and related institutioms must be held. It is aimed at developing AET
Fapet IPB and promoting the program to consumers from the related
institutions.
In Chapter III, we have seen what has been planned by the Faculty of
Animal Sciences of IPB to realize the agro edu tourism program. We have also
learned a lot of things about tourism in terms of theory. Our next question
would be, what is the concrete realization of this theory? Has the Faculty of
Animal Sciences of IPB realized what it had previously planned to a concrete
program of AET Fapet IPB? Well, in Chapter IV, we will see the
implementation and tour management by the Faculty of Animal Sciences of
IPB; no more theories, it is time for practices.
According to its name, Agro Edu Tourism of the Faculty of Animal
Sciences of IPB, or AET Fapet IPB, offers a variety of tour packages. The main
product is an educative tour package in animal sciences, adjusted to the
visitors education level and interest, among others animal attractions and
demonstration of livestock products processing. These packages are expected
to motivate visitors to know more about animals and how their products are
processed to become food or other commodities for daily commodities. Visitors
are free to choose a tour package in which they are interested and can even ask
for other additional packages.
Apart from the tour packages offered, AET Fapet IPB also sells home-
made processed products, such as meatballs, sausages, crackers, puddihg,
honey, pasteurized milk, honey soaps, and handicrafts for additional income.
These processed products are promoted and sold through AET Fapet IPB
activities.
4. Birds Laboratory
In addition to ruminant animals, there are also animals which people in
general find difficult to distinguish. They are various kinds of ducks (bebek,
itik, entok); not to mention various kinds of chickens (laying hends, broilers,
and arab chickens). In the laboratory, visitors will get a closer look to these
animals, find out their characteristics, upkeeping technique, behavior,
products, and the benefits of raising these animals. Visitors can also feed the
animals, and even touch and take pictures with the animals. Kindergarten and
primary school students are normally excited with these activities.
Here, visitors will learn various raw materials for animal feed, the nutrient
content, and the animal feed process. Visitors can also have a direct practise of
how to make animal feed, such as pelet, crumble, and mesh.
9. Applied Animals Nutrient Laboratory
In this laboratory, visitors can have a direct interaction with calves, get
some pictures with the animals, feed the animals, and learn how to prepare
food for the animals.
In 2012, AET Fapet IPB opened a new object namely rabbits. Apart from
having an interaction and feeding the animals, visitors can also buy some
rabbits and bring them home for souvenirs or pets.
Information on Visitors
Number
2012 2013 2014 of
MONTH/YEAR
NO 2008 2009 2010 2011 Visitors
per
Month
1 January 348 270 120 738
2 February 341 364 120 705
3 March 473 173 240 920 1806
4 April 209 76 370 213 868
5 May 288 210 288
6 June 35 14 160 49
7 July 104 24 288 128
8 August 145 48 193
9 September 144 25 706 169
10 October 47 112 302 230 461
11 November 640 307 362 743 1,309
12 December 46 468 230 157 744
2,614
Number of visitors per year 2328 1,896 1,918 1,316
From the table above, it can be seen that most of the visitors are primary
school students while the most crowded months are March and November.
There is no visit on June and July because it is a long holiday where most of
the students have their own activities with their families.
Unique Experiences from AET Fapet IPB
AET Fapet IPB is a tour activity that offers a variety of things: there are
education, tour, and entertainment elements. That is why, visitors come from
various segments: from kindergarten, primary school, and high school as well
as higher education students, to people from companies, foundations,
government institutions, foreigners, to media both print as well as electronic.
Each of them gets his/her own unique experience from the visit to AET
Fapet IPB, among others are:
1. Visitors (primary school students) often pose unexpected questions on
animals making the guides confused how to answer them. It proves that
visitors are curious and have a good imagination. It happened once to one of
some students on a visit to a dairy cattle stall. After the guide had explained
concentrate for dairy cattle food, a girl asked, Pak, what does concentrate
contain? The question surprised the teachers and the guides as the girl
used a scientific language. The question made the guide confused how to
explain the contents in a concentrat to 5-6 year-old kindergarten students,
who were obviously could not wait for the question of their friend to be
answered.
2. Visitors who were enjoying an interaction with a cow were shocked when the
animal defecated, automatically splattering them. Also, when some cows
peed, making the stall crowded and the children laughed.
3. Visitors who were kindergarten students, were initially interested in visiting
the stalls. However, the cows got stressed due to the childrens laughter that
they made a strong voice simultaneously, making the children afraid and
cry. The guides and teachers busily calmed down the children while the
stalls staff busily calmed down the cows.
4. During a visit to a stall of small ruminants (goats and sheep), there was a fat
guide. He was explaining the animals when suddenly a boy came forward
and approached the guide. He touched the guides tummy, saying, You have
quite a big tummy. All the visitors, guides, and teachers spontaneously
laughed out loud.
5. Some visitors who were on their first grade, visited the stalls and posed
questions on the animals that they had seen. Students who could answer
the questions would get a prize. When a student answered a question and
got a price, all of a sudden, some others began to cry as they too, wanted a
prize although they did not answer any question. Finally, the guides secretly
gave a souvenir to the crying children.
6. Visitors from an internatonal school normally communicate only in English.
The staff at the stalls, whose duty is to explain and answer questions, had
difficulties to answer in English that it frequently became jokes between the
visitors and the guides.
The managing team consists of the main team and guides. The main
team is the initiator and has the responsibility of internal coordination in the
Department and Faculty levels, model design, marketing, cooperation
development with fund sources. The team consists of a coordinator, a vice
chairman, a secretary, administration staff, some units staff (marketing and
promotion, program development, and public relations), and guides.
d. Statstics menu: it contains the number of visitors who have opened the
website, the number of online visitors.
f. Calender menu.
Tour institution
As tour activities, the AET Fapet IPB program involves quite a number
of stakeholders, of course, the main stakeholder is the Ministry of Tourism and
Culture. In addition, as it is an agrotourism, the Office of Agriculture, the
Office of Marine and Fishery are also involved. There are other institutions,
namely universities, the business society and the people in general.
These institutions are responsible in the agrotourism planning and
development. The private sector is also involved in agrotourism development,
including private universities and non-government organizations (NGO). They
even play a more important role in the implementation of the agrotourism
activities especially in marketing, services, and operations.
Management pattern
AET Fapet IPB management team consists of chairman, secretary,
person in charge of the administration and finance, program coordinator,
database and infocom coordinator, cooperation coordinator, and public
relations coordinator. The team is coordinated by the IPTP Department and
supported by an expert team of the Faculty of Animal Sciences.
In the implementation, the field and post-harvest laboratories are used in
an integrated way for AET Fapet IPB activities, applying resources sharing,
profit and benefit sharing method to increase entrepreneurship and science
and technology promotion application. In the long term, it is planned that AET
Fapet IPB development will involve the surrounding people as business
partners.
CHAPTER V
EVALUATION
For the benefit of the future of AET Fapet IPB, an evaluation is made every
four months. Period I takes place in January April, period II in May August,
and period III in September December. By the end of the year, the Faculty of
Animal Sciences of IPB also makes a report on annual activities.
The evaluation is based on critics and recommendations from AET Fapet
IPB visitors. The evaluation is materials for improvement to increase AET
Fapet IPB quality in the future. All critics and recommendations are
considered, from school children are no exception. They may give inputs
related to additional programs, such as animals drawing, coloring competition,
or herding cattle. There is no limitation, anyone can give critics and
recommendations for AET Fapet IPB.
Obstacles
During its eight years of existence, AET Fapet IPB must have undergone
obstacles, both internal as well as external. Internal obstacles come from the
program itself, such as human resources, natural resources, and the
intitution. External obstacles come from supporting parties and customers.
Following are internal and external obstacles that AET Fapet IPB has
undergone:
Internal obstacles:
a. Guides are not always present due to lecture activities;
b. Guides have limited ability in English language;
c. The variation of objects and facilities do not fulfill yet visitors needs, for
instance: rest area;
d. There is no transportation facility yet to facilitate visitors to go around the
tourist objects;
e. Limited marketing and promotion staff.
External obstacles:
1. Visitors are not evenly distributed as the promotion is not maximum yet;
2. Access to the location at Darmaga campus takes time due to traffic
congestion;
3. Short duration of the visit (3-4 hours) is incomparable with visitors wish to
see the tour objects;
4. Sudden change of the number of visitors and/or schedule.
Out of the obstacles, the Faculty of Animal Sciences of IPB makes a SWOT
(strength, weakness, opportunity, and thread) analysis.
Despite the obstacles, there remain internal factors that are AET Fapet
IPBs strength. It includes competent management and human resources,
friendly guides and satisfactory services, supporting area and facilities, civitas
academica of the Faculty of Animal Sciences of IPB, and capital.
Internal weaknesses of AET Fapet IPB include limited marketing human
resources, incomplete tour objects, under-maintained stalls, long distance
between one location to another location, uneven distribution of visitors every
month.
Opportunities come from external parties. After being formulized, the
opportunities to develop AET Fapet IPB are broad market share, support from
institutions, students entrepreneurship, cooperation with other parties, and
technology and information system advances.
Threads that have been formulized by the Faculty of Animal Sciences of IPB
include only traffic congestion and price competition.
Thus, the Faculty of Animal Sciences of IPB can draw a conclusion. It can
implement a strategy to increase the number of visits monthly by working
together with the students in marketing with marketing fee. Thanks to the
technology and information system advances, the use of promotion facilities
such as websites, blogs, and Facebook must be optimized. The Faculty must
also consider to add marketing human resources.
CHAPTER VI
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
For the success of the Agro-Edu Tourism Fakultas Peternakan IPB (AET Fapet
IPB), the Faculty of Animal Sciences of IPB must pay attention to the following
factors which are the key to success of agrotourism development. It is an
important factor between the operator and stakeholders.
Apart from the factors mentioned above, there are some aspects that affect
the success of agro tourism, including:
1. Human resources
Any efforts must be related to human. Human resources play an important
role in the success of agrotourism development. The managements ability
in packing the products, providing tour packages, and promotion is the
determining factor in inviting visitors. In addition, guides are also
important. Unfortunately, only limited manpower is eligible to become
guides. It can be solved by taking productive manpower with agriculture or
tourism background and providing them short courses on the field that
they have not mastered.
2. Promotion
Promotion is tightly related to agrotourism activities. It can be done by a
variety of methods, for example through leaflets, booklets, exhibitions,
souvenirs, mass media, and information in public places.
3. Natural and environmental resources
Not just natural resources can be tourist objects, the environment is also
natural resources. Agrotourism is certainly a long term business. Therefore,
when visitors get a bad impression during their visit to a tourist site, the
impact will be long term for them.
4. Facilities and infrastructure
Tourist sites must set up a relaxing, clean, and safe atmosphere rather
than formal.
5. Institution
Agrotourism will not develop when it is not supported by various parties,
especially the higher education institution that organizes it. Apart from the
higher education institution, the government, agrotourism operators, travel
agencies, hotels, and so on must also support the business.
Out of the many factors and aspects that are the key to success of AET
Fapet IPB, the main thing is of course honesty. Good services must be
maintained so that visitors wish to return to the object. Visitors will promote it
for sure ...