A SEMINAR REPORT

On

HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award
of the degree in

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

IN

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

By
K.NAGASAI (12BF1A0325)

Under the guidance of

Mrs. D.J.JYOSHNA DEVI, M.Tech,

Assistant Professor

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Karakambadi road, Tirupati-517507, A.P
(Affiliated to J.N.T.U, Anantapur)
(2012 2016)
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the seminar report entitled,

HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE

Is a bonafide work done by

K. NAGASAI (12BF1A0325)

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(Affiliated to JNTU-Anantapur)
TIRUPATI-517507

Guide Head of the department

D.J.Jyoshna Devi, M.Tech M. Chandra Sekhar Reddy, M.Tech, Ph.D

Assistant Professor Associate Professor & HOD

Submitted for seminar held on

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am thankful to my guide Mrs. D. J. Jyoshna Devi for his valuable guidance and
encouragement. His helping attitude and suggestions have helped in the successful completion
of the seminar report.

I would like to express my deep gratitude to all those who helped directly or indirectly to
transform an idea into my working seminar report.

I would like to express our gratefulness and sincere thanks to Mr. M. Chandra Sekhar Reddy,
Associate Professor & Head of the Department of MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, for his
kind help and encouragement during the course of my study and in the successful completion of
the seminar report.

I would like to express our heartful thanks to Dr. N. Sudhakar Reddy, Principal.

Successful completion of any seminar report cannot be done without proper support and
encouragement. I sincerely thanks to Management for providing all the necessary facilities
during the Course of study.

I would like to thank my parents and friends, who have the greatest contributions in all my
achievements, for the great care and blessings in making as successful in all my endeavors.

K.NAGASAI

(12BF1A0325)

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 ABSTRACT

A hybrid electric vehicle is a hybrid vehicle that combines a conventional

propulsion system with a rechargeable energy storage system to achieve better fuel
economy than a conventional vehicle. Its secondary propulsion system, additional to the
electric motor, means that it does not require regular visits to a charging unit as a battery
electric vehicle does. Modern mass-produced HEVs prolong the charge in their batteries
by capturing kinetic energy by means of regenerative braking, and some HEVs can use
internal combustion engines(ICE) to generate electricity by spinning an electrical
generator to either recharge the battery or directly feed power to an electric motor that
drives the vehicle. Many HEVs reduce idle emissions by shutting down the internal
combustion engine at idle and restarting it when needed. An HEVs engine is smaller than
a non-hybrid fossil fuel vehicle and may be run at various speeds, providing greater
efficiency.

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 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the seminar entitled HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE

submitted to the Department of MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SRI
VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, TIRUPATI in partial
fulfillment of requirements for the award of the degree of BACHELOR OF
TECHNOLOGY.

This seminar report is the result of my own effort and it has not been submitted to
any other University or Institution for the award of any degree or diploma other than
specified above.

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 CONTENTS

Page
Title
No.
CERTIFICATE i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ii
ABSTRACT iii
DECLARATION iv
CONTENTS v
LIST OF FIGURES vii
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1-2
CHAPTER 2 CONVENTIONAL AUTOMOTIVE POWER SYSTEMS 3-12
2.1 Advanced Drive Train Arrangements for Electric Hybrid and Fuel Cell 5
Vehicles
2.2 Battery Electric Vehicle (EV) Drive Train Topology 5
2.3 Series HEV Drive Train Topology 7
2.4 Parallel HEV Drive Train Topology 8
2.5 Series-Parallel HEV Drive Train Topology 9
2.6 FCV Drive Train Topology 11
CHAPTER 3 POWER SYSTEM ARCHITECTURES FOR HEVS 13-21
3.1 Advanced Electrical Features in Future HEV Technologies 13
3.2 Advanced HEV Topology Using ISA System 13

3.3 Power Splitting by Using the Electric Power Splitter (EPS) in HEV 15

3.4 42-V/12-V Dual-Voltage Vehicular Electrical Systems 16

3.5 Practical Issues Related to 42-V Automotive Power Systems 19

3.6 Power Electronics Solutions for HEVs 20

CHAPTER 4 POWER SYSTEM ARCHITECTURES FOR FCVS 22-27

4.1 Fuel Cell Based Power Processing System 22

4.2 Fuel Cell System 23

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4.3 Commercial FCV Applications 24

4.4 Power Electronics for FCVs 26

CHAPTER 5 CURRENT RESEARCH AND FUTURE TREND 28-31

5.1 Current Vehicular Power Electronics Research Trends 28

5.2 Future Trends in Vehicular Power Electronics 28

5.3 Design and Technology 29

5.4 EV mode 30

5.5 HEV in India 31

CONCLUSION 32

REFERENCES 33

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 LIST OF FIGURES

FIG. NO NAME Page. No

1 Conventional 14V dc power system architecture 3

2 Typical representation of the more electric hybrid 5

vehicle power system architecture
3 Topological arrangement for an electric vehicle (EV) 6
drive train
4 Typical layout of series HEV drive train 7

5 Schematic of a parallel HEV drive train configuration 8

6 Typical drive train configuration of a series-parallel 9

combined HEV
7 Schematic of a complex HEV drive train 10

8 Typical topological arrangement of a hybrid fuel cell 11

vehicle train
9 Future electrical features in more electric vehicle 14
power systems
10 Integrated starter-alternator (ISA) based HEV drive 14
train
11 HEV drive with electric power splitter 15

12 Typical operating voltage criteria for 42V HEV 17

power systems
13 Schematic of a dual voltage (14V and 42V) 18
architecture using batteries
14 Schematic of a dual stator dual voltage (14V and 18
42V) architecture using two batteries
15 Typical fuel cell based power-processing system 23

16 Typical fuel cell system 23

17 Schematic of a fuel cell based power system for a 24

passenger car
18 Typical block diagram of a heavy-duty fuel cell 25
powered transit bus
19 Fuel cell based single-stage power conversion system 27

20 Hybrid Synergy Drive on a Toyota Prius 29

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