Pre Colonial (900 A.

D-1521)
Literature of various groups who inhabited the archipelago

Forms of Literature

Proverbs- Truth based on experiences of common sense

Folk Songs- Beautiful songs that are informal expression of our ancestors
Riddles- Bugtong
Tales- Creative embellishments. Pure fiction
Epics- Lengthy narrative poem

Hinilawod(By F. Landa Jocano)

Epic from Central Panay
Sulod-Ethical group
One of the longest and oldest
28,000 waves
Story of Demigods
o Labaw Donggon
o Humadapnon
o Dumalapdap

Characters:

Alunsinay- Mother and goddess of Eastern sky

Datu Paubari- Father. Husband of Alunsinay
Kaptan- King of gods
Maklium-sa-t'wan- God of the plains who called a meeting of the council of gods
Suklang Malayon- Goddess and guardian of happy homes and sister of Alunsina
Bungot-Banwa- High priest who performed the rites of the gods of mount Madya-as
Mount Madya-as- The mountain abode of the gods
Labaw Dongon- Eldest of the triplets
Angoy Ginbitinan- Beautiful maiden
Manalintad- The monster that is part of the dowry
Sikay Padalogdog- Giant guard of a ridge who has a hundred arms
Burigadang Pada Sinaklang Bulawan- Goddess of greed
Lubay-Lubyok Hanginun si Mahuyokhuyolan- Dumalapdap's wife
Labaw Donggon- Went to the north
Humadapnon- Went to the south
Dumalapdap- Went to the west

5 Episodes:

Story of Alunsina and Datu Paubari

Adventure of Labaw Doggon
Adventure of Humadapnon
 Adventure of Dumalapdap
Quest of Humadapnon Continues

Philippine Literature in Spanish Colonization

1521-1898
3G(God, Glory, Gold)
Christianism
Teaching Christian Doctrine

Forms of Literature

Corrido are long narrative verses on chivalric-heroic, religious, legendary and folkloric theme. It
has octosyllabic measurement
Awit heroic chivalric poem and slowly sung to the accompaniment of the guitar or banduria. It
has dodecasyllabic measurement.
Pasyon narrative poem of the life of Jesus Christ and it was chanted during Lenten Season.
Cenakulo traditional Filipino dramatization of the life and times of Jesus Christ. It depicts the
events from Old and New Testament.
Moro moro Comedia de capa y espada. A blood and thunder melodrama depicted the conflict
between Christians and Muslims.
Carillo a play that uses shadow as its main spectacle. This is created by animating figures made by
cardboard.
Duplo o Karagatan native dramas that are connected to Catholic mourning rituals and harvest
celebration.
Balagtasan is a form of debate using poetic verses. It originates from Francisco Balagtas.
Zarsuela musical comedy or melodrama in three acts.

Poetry
Derived from the Greek word Poiseis means Making

Forms of Poetry

1. Formalism- The emphasis of poetry is more on the form and language

Features of Formalism:
o Structure
Stanza
Rhyme
Meter
 Line Break
o Style
o Imagery
o Tone

2. Romanticism- Idea, feelings, emotion, imaginations of the poet. An artistic, literacy, musical and
intellectual movement in Europe.

Filipino Poets and Writers

Jose Rizal
o Laong Laan, Dimasalang (Pen name)
o Pepe (Giuseppe) Joseph
o Noli me Tangere and El Filibusterismo
o Huling paalam Mi Ultimo Adios
Jose Corazon De Jesus
o Husing Butute (Pen name)
o King of Balagtasan
o Bayan ko (1929)
Andres Bonifacio
o Agapito Bagumbayan or May Pag-asa (Pen name)
o Pag-ibig sa tinubuang lupa
Nicomedes Marquez Joaquin
o Nick Joaquin
o Quijano De Manila (Pen name)
o Summer Solstice
Jose Palma
o Wrote the Philippine National Anthem
o Poem Filipinas
Julian Felipe
o Composted the Philippine National Anthem in Spanish
Amador Dagulo
o Author of Hinilawod
Joyce Kilmer
o Author of the poem Tree
Fiction
Latin word Fictus or Fiction means The act of making, forming and moldering

Techniques of Fiction

Allegory
o The writer creates a story in which the character and events form a system of symbolic
meaning
Symbolism
o The writer can used a word, object, action or character in the story
Irony
o Intended meaning is different from the actual meaning of words.
Verbal Irony- When someone says the opposite
Situational Irony- Where action or event have the opposite from the expected
Dramatic Irony- The audience/reader knows what will happen
Imagery
o Visualization

Theater
Indigenous- Rituals, songs and dances, birth, baptism circumstance, courtship, wedding, sickness
and death.
Spanish- Moro-moro, Zarsuela, Cenakulo, Duplo/Karagatan
American and Contemporary- Philippine Bodabil (Vandevile). Western plays and present